pi @ dlr: martin weissmann primary objectives during typhoon period

Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre

DLR Contribution to the THORPEX Pacific Asian Regional Campaign T-PARC

O. Reitebuch, M. Weissmann

DLR Oberpaffenhofen

Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre LWG Meeting , Monterey, February 6, 2008

PI @ DLR: Martin Weissmann

Primary objectives during typhoon period typhoon targeting and improved typhoon track prediction investigation of extra-tropical transition of tropical cyclones and downstream impact

Secondary objectives during non-typhoon period targeting for medium-range weather forecast water vapor transport from tropics to extra-tropics Asian aerosol export ridge building diabatic Rossby waves potential of lidar for operational future observing system

Falcon payload 4-λ water vapor DIAL (PI: Martin Wirth, DLR) 2-µm wind lidar (PI: Stephan Rahm, DLR) dropsonde unit (PI Reinhold Busen, DLR); about 400 dropsondes will be deployed

Scientific objectives and airborne payload

4-λ DIAL, 2-µm DWL and dropsondein Falcon during COPS in summer 2007

DLR T-PARC Web-Sitehttp://www.pa.op.dlr.de/tparc/


Pot. temp. on dynamic tropopause (shaded) – surface pressure (contours), 84 h forecast initialised 20030910-12

ET and downstream impacts:ECMWF EPS for Typhoon Maemi 2003 (Jones, Anwender)


Higher observation influence OI and information content IC than dropsondes

total error lidar 1-1.5 m/s (instrumental 0.75 - 1 m/s) dropsonde, radiosonde 2-3 m/s expected ADM-Aeolus HLOS 2-3 m/s AMV 2-6 m/s

Importance of lidar observations for targeting

Lower total error (including representativity)than dropsondes and radiosondes

3 times higher information content than dropsondes (IC = N * OI)

Weissmann, Busen, Dörnbrack, Rahm, Reitebuch (2005), JAOT

Weissmann and Cardinali (2007), QJRMS


Forecast improvement during A-TReC 2003

Lidar observations over North Atlantic reduce forecast error by about 3 %, (dropsondes 1 %) and show clear positive impact on forecast skills for the forecast range 2-4 days But only limited data-set of observations during 2 weeks with 28.5 flight hours (including transfer) during the Atlantic THORPEX Regional Campaign A-TReC

D. Marbouty (ECMWF newsletter 113, 2007): "..evaluating the impact of airborne Doppler lidar observations, is particularly interesting as it supports the idea that such measurements could prove very beneficial as expected from the ESA ADM-Aeolus experiment."


ongoing work by Weissmann and Holm (ECMWF)

Assimilation of lidar observations of wind and water vapour

Koch, Weissmann, Ehrendorfer (2007), Met. Zeitschrift

Wind assimilation into ECMWF model for flight Germany-Iceland 2003 (A-TReC)

Water vapour assimilation into ECMWF model for flight USA to Europe 2002 (IHOP)


scanning coherent 2 µm Doppler lidar:conical scans with 24 positions 24 LOS observations (~30/54 s) vertical profile of 3-D wind vector

horiz. resolution 5 - 40 kmvert. resolution 100 m

range: 0.5-12 kmaccuracy: 0.5-1 m/s

Doppler lidar20° off nadir

dropsondes,u, v, t, rh, p

first 4 wavelength water vapour DIAL worldwide~920-945 nm, 100 Hz, > 2 W parameter: water vapour molecule number

(+height of cloud tops) horiz. resolution: 2 - 40 kmvert. resolution: 300 - 500 maccuracy: 5-10 %

DIAL

FALCON payload for targeted wind and H2O observations

+ HSRL aerosol


”Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study”06 July - 01 August 2007

”Advance the quality of forecasts of orographically-induced convective precipitation by 4D observations and modeling of its life cycle”

• Upstream: targeted measurements in upstream sensitive regions to gain additional data for assimilation

• Map: mapping the pre-convective mesoscale wind and wapor fields

• Flux measure vertical latent heat fluxes

14 mission flights, 46 flight hours

Forced Convection

(Map)

High Pressure

Convection(Flux)

Mission Objectives

Targeted Observatios(Upstream)

slide courtesy A. Schäfler, measurement and analysis H20 DIAL (M. Wirth), 2-µm DWL (S. Rahm)

β

H2O

V

Dir

8 km

8.5 km 35 m/s


airport base: US Naval Facility Atsugi, Japan

alternative airports: Okinawa, Misawa, Iwo Jima (tbd), Korea (tbd)

flight hours: onsite: up to 90 h => 25 missions with 3.5 h transfer: 30 h

deployment time in Japan: 24/25 August - 03 October (6 weeks, depends on available funds)

transfer route:3 days via Moscow-Surgut-Bratsk-Khabarovsk-Japan (tbc)

funding institutions:Germany (DLR, FZK), US (NSF), Japan (JMA), Korea (METRI), Canada (Environment Canada), EUCOS

funding level: ~ 90%

max. range: 1350-1600 NM max altitude: 12.8 km (42 kft)

DLR Falcon deployment in Japan

DLR Falcon range from Japan


Subtropical operating regionDriftsonde, NRL P-3, DOTSTAR, WC-130

Japan, Atsugi, NAF

Large-scale circulation, deep convection, monsoon depressions, tropical waves, TC formation

TC track characteristics, tropical/midlatitude interaction

ET characteristics, forcing of downstream impacts, tropical/midlatitude interactions, extratropical cyclogenesis

Extratropical Transition (ET – recurvature), Downstream Impacts

Tropical Measurements

TC Intensification and structure changeRecurvature, initiation of ET

Okinawa, Kadena AFB

Midlatitude operating regionNRL P-3, FALCON

T-PARC/TCS-08 Components (from P. Harr)

Guam, Andersen AFB

Tropical operating regionDriftsonde, NRL P-3, DOTSTAR, WC-130

TY Nabi, 29 Aug – 8 Sep, 2005


Research interests:observation targetingextratropical transition of tropical cyclones and downstream impactvalue of new observing systems (lidars)tropical moisture export

Facilities and contributions:Falcon with 2 lidars and dropsondes (American+Asian contribution)assimilation and denial experiments (cooperation with ECMWF)EPS experiments, modelling and PV inversion, TIGGE analysisPANDOWAE research group: Predictability ANd Dynamics Of Weather Systems

in the Atlantic-European Sector: DFG provided funding for scientificexploration of data for several post-docs and PhD students

InstitutionsDLR (Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Fligth Facility)Forschungszentrum and University Karlsruhe: Sarah JonesECMWF: Carla Cardinali, Elias Holm, Martin LeutbecherUK Met Office

European collaboration for T-PARC

pi @ dlr: martin weissmann primary objectives during typhoon period

Documents