phytosanitary and regulatory perspective of mln francis mwatuni [email protected] website: 1
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KEPHIS (Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service)
A state corporation in the ministry of Agriculture mandated to offer regulatory services in the agricultural sector.
VISION:The Lead Regulator And Facilitator Of
Globally Competitive Agriculture MISSION:To Provide A Science-Based Regulatory
Service By Assuring Quality Of Agricultural Inputs And Produce To Promote Food Security And Sustainable Development
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Legal FrameworkAgriculture Act, Cap 318Agricultural Produce (Export) Act, Cap 319Agricultural Produce Marketing Act, Cap 320Plant Protection Act, Cap 324The Suppression of Noxious Weeds Act, Cap 325
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Legal Framework Cont.
The Seeds and Plant varieties Act, Cap 326The Fertilizers and Animal Foodstuffs Act, Cap 345The Pest Control Products Act, Cap 346Biosafety Act, 2009Supported by a number of International Instruments such UPOV Convention, OECD seed scheme etc
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KEPHIS Activities in relation to MLND
Disease surveillanceLaboratory diagnostics of MLN- For local and imported seed as well as post control testing of maize seed
- Has laboratory capacity to test MLNDCentralized regulation of maize seed importsSeed Certification processTraining and sensitization of stakeholders
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MLN Disease Surveillance
KEPHIS has been involved in the collaborative field surveys e.g. Maize National TourSurveillance by inspectors form the Plant Quarantine and Biosecurity Station (PQBS)MLN Surveillance coordinated by KEPHIS Pest Risk Analysis Team(KEPHIS-HQSurveillance by KEPHIS Inspectors in other regional officesSurveillance Samples analyzed at KEPHIS Plant Quarantine molecular laboratory for MCMV & SCMV
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Laboratory Diagnostics on MLND
Capacity Building on MLND diagnostics done at FERA-UK; January 2013.
Focused on Real-Time PCR assays for seed testing
A seed testing protocol developed
KEPHIS adopted the protocol
Currently involved in routine testing of MCMV and SCMV for advisory services and seed certification ( local and imported seeds)
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Laboratory diagnostics
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Diagnostics equipment in the Molecular lab and analysts doing Nucleic acids extraction
Centralized regulation of maize seed/grain imports
All Requests to import maize seed are controlled at KEPHIS-HQ Karen.
Also imports of maize grain has been centralized
Maize seed importers required to send a representative sample to KEPHIS for MLN Screening prior to importation.
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Seed import/export Regulation
Only registered seed merchants are allowed to import/export seedAn SR14 form is filled to notify kephis for the intention to im port or export seed.A plant Import Import permit is issued for the importation.Seed can also be imported by researchers for experimental purposes
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Import regulation and Phytosanitary measures
Due to the threats of introducing new strains of MCMV, seed samples are delivered to Kephis Plant health labs for screening for the two viruses.A plant Import permit is issued for importation once the lot is declared to be free from the viruses.The imported seed is subjected to seed testing in the Seed testing lab In Kephis,Lanet.
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Devastated field
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Seed Certification Measures
Field Inspection of Seed fields is based on the minimum thresholds for rejection at 10%.
Agreement with seed companies to implement recommendations for preventing MLND infection
Seed companies have adopted the dressing of the seed with systemic insecticides e.g Thunder, gaucho, Cruiser.
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Inspectors in the field
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A seed Inspector in the field
A devastated seed field
Seed Certification Measures
Seed is also dressed with fungicides, eg Maxim and Royalcap
PCPB is currently evaluating several insecticides for seed dressing that can protect the maize crop in the field for a longer period
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Participation in stakeholder awareness programs
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Early 2013, involved in MLND awareness program coordinated by MOA in collaboration with FAO. Covered different maize production regions around the countryFocused on early detection of symptoms, and the available management options
Stakeholders a wareness forums
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Olenguruon Bomet
Infected babycorn crop in Naivasha
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