physostigmine- jaideep sarkar
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Physostigma venunosum
Submitted by:
Jaideep Sarkar
![Page 2: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Calabar Bean – Physostigma venenosum
![Page 3: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
•
![Page 4: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
BIOLOGICAL SOURCE
Dried ripe seed of Physostigma venenosum,
Family Leguminosae , not less than 0.15% alkaloid
Physostigmine.
![Page 5: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
CULTIVATION
1. It is a perineal, woody climber, grows on banks of streams.
2. It has papilionaceous type flower, legume fruit having 15cm length.
3. Each legume contains 2-3 seeds.
![Page 6: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
COLLECTION
1. Collected in seed form from plant when 1-2 years.
2. It is then dried in under sun or fire.
3. Then packed in lose container
![Page 7: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
PROCESSING Seeds are dried , powdered and sieved
Extracted by continuous percolation with 95% ethanol
![Page 8: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Solvent remove by distillation
Add water to separate fatty layer
Add Na2CO3 to lower aqueous layer
Extract with ether
![Page 9: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Etherical extract concentrated to small volume
Wash with 5% H2SO4
Add Sodium Salicylate to this solution
Physostigmine is obtained as crystals
![Page 10: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Commercial Varieties
1. Lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus)
2. Phaseolus muttferous
![Page 11: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Chemical constituents
Physostigmine => Eserine, Eseramine, Isophysostigmine, Physominine, Geneserine, Calabatine
![Page 12: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Physostigmine or Eserine
![Page 13: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Substitute
1. Mucuna ureus
2. Cali nuts or Cali beans
![Page 14: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Adulterant
1. Palm seeds2. Seeds of Mucuna
![Page 15: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Uses
1. Cholinergic substituent,
2. antispasmodic,
3. rheumatoid arthritis,
4. fibrocytis,
5. glaucoma,
6. veterinary medicines for horses in coelic pain
![Page 16: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
N C O
OCH3
H
N
N
CH3
CH3
CH3 C O
O
CH2 CH2 N+
CH3
CH3
CH3
![Page 17: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Chemical tests
1) Sample + 0.5% KOH= Deep yellow colour- Physostigmine present
2) Physostigmine + K4FeCN6 + FeCl3= Intense blue colour- Physostigmine present
3) Sample solution + light/heat= Red colour- Physostigmine present
![Page 18: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
REFERENCES
1) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indole
2) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calabar bean
3) http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/c/ calbea05.html
4 ) http://chestofbooks.com/health/materia-medica-drugs/Textbook-Materia-Medica/Calabar-Beans-Semina-Physostigmatis.html
![Page 19: Physostigmine- JAIDEEP SARKAR](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022061204/547fc6a6b47959c5508b4f16/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
5) http://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http:// plants.usda.gov/gallery/standard/phve11_001_shp.jpg&imgrefurl=http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile%3Fsymbol%3DPHVE11&usg=__HlwQFMhPYbi0pZmg5bDXZ5KrHg8=&h=
6) http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-50-CALABAR%20BEAN.aspx?activeIngredientId=50&activeIngredientName=CALABAR%20BEAN