PHYSICS 3

Handout/Homework on Elementary particles.Name:

Class No.YrlSection:Date:

Reference:Chapter 32 of GiancotiChapter 46 of Serway

PARTICLE ACCELERATORS(1) Discuss the role of particte acceterators in the study of etementary partictes. why do particles needto have very high speeds in order to probe the interior or nucieii

(2) cite laboratories/ research institutes which have particte acceterators.

To better perceive how force can act over. a distance, without contact, Faraday introduced theidea of a fietd. The force that one.charged particte exerts on a secono can be said to be due to theelectric fietd set up bv the.first. simitariy, the magneti. ri"ta;;;';#';;#d;'riragnetic force.It is atso known that etectromagnetic radialion can be ionsidereo as either a wave or as acottection of particles catled photons. -Because o{ this *uuu purillte_duatity, it is possibte to imagine thatthe etectromagnetic force between charged particles is due to tnl rm rieta set up by one and fett by theother to an exchange of photons betweei them. ln other words, the photon can be ihought of as themediator particte for the electromagnetic force.

FOUR FUNDAMENTAL FORCES(3) Enumerate the four fundamental forces in nature.

*,:lrif:*"Tl:*,Ir,1Y::1i:lltl lfgre ousf!to be a particre that mediates the force.II?J",f}?^,?:1.:|"^]:t]:9i:!:dtohaveu,ii'-int"i,"o.it".ffi#H#1.i".:tffiproton and was therefore catted , which means',in the middte,,. ln the search for the

i,'" iliJ r'" ;,;:,:';,;ruT l"j,lli"*,the predicted value but does not interact strongty with mattei wls orscovered. This particte was calted

n"i", i' i. ;,;U'ri,iil;T,"j,llio,",othp nrprlirtarl vrlrra hrrt .t^^- h^+ :-!^--^1 -r-

_.Th.eYukawapartic[ewasfina[tyfoundin194iandwascal[ed . Therece.nt theory of quantum chromodynamics, however, n"i l-"ptu.ed mesons withcarriers of this force.

(9) Enumerate the partictes presumed to mediate the weak nuctear force.

(10) what is the quantum of the gravitational force, which has not yet been identified/detected?

ANTIPARTICLES(11) What is an antiparticte?

as the basic

(12) when a particle encounter@(13) What happens to the energy of theii vanished mass?

each other.

CONSERVATION LAWSconservation laws such as. that of energy, momentum, angular momentum, and charge, are found to hotdprecisety in att particte interactions. a-siuJv of particie in't"ru.iion, has revealed a number of newconservation laws.(14) Cite two of such laws.

PHYSICS 3Handout/Homework on Elementary particles.

31II-',.-q !.Asst FtcAno N AND Dt sI Ncfl oNl!t!i!!g!!e{tsego l: riu up ur-eiatt"..

(21) Differentiate between baryons and mesons in terms of baryon #.

Ifl#."J,"t.1?:il:tft referred to as strange partictes. what is so strange about these particres? cite

(J!) What are quarks?

I 3l I j:,T

"ra.te th e r rsTIIffiEf

(3o)Differentiate betwee; ;iiyffi'fi; mE"* i, terms of quarks.

(31) What is the fourtt

nrf",n*id:1ffi:lT#"'i;:il:i,iJ:3:;:1,:l};i:'::.:lymmetry in nature? (since there are4ii?1jlrilr;"J:ifl ::Iffi #;t:i'i;:3:;:1':1$#"i,:tllry(33 )rhe distinction bely:;; iiJ rii' ql||,rftl:::,.,ry:rjj qrirri. Yuar^:' lhis is the term used to refer toJlll f,E:ll tin r,*J'hourmany corors?

Hi ;i ili"'ffi i, m;rerred ro as qua n tu m ch romodynam ics?

Particte Ctassification

(:0)griefly@