physics of carbon ions and principles of beam scanning g. kraft biophysik, gsi, darmstadt, germany...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Physics of carbon ions and principles of beam scanning G. Kraft Biophysik, GSI, Darmstadt, Germany PTCOG43 Educational Satellite Meeting: Principles of](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022032200/56649f465503460f94c68143/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Physics of carbon ions and principles of beam scanning
G. KraftBiophysik, GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
PTCOG43 Educational Satellite Meeting: Principles of Carbon Ion Therapy December 9th,2005 GSI,Darmstadt
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Physical and technical features of proton and carbon beams
– Inverse depth dose profile
– Lateral scattering and dose gradients
– Intensity modulated beam delivery
– In vivo PET control of the beam
– Extension to moving targets
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Depth dose distribution of various radiation modalities
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fragmentation of heavy ions
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Comparison of dose profiles of
protons and carbon
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Lateral Scattering
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Edge effect; overrange induced by scattering
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Treatment Plan with edge effects
O. Jaekel et al. , DKFZ
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Scattering and irradiation geometry
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Beam scattering for a real scanning setup
(exit window, monitors, air, patient)
vacuumwindow
monitors air skin patient
FW
HM
(mm
)
U. Weber 2002
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Comparison of Carbon Ions vs. Protons
C-12 (GSI) Protons (Capetown/SA)
Advantage due to beam scanning and less lateral scattering
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Passive beam modulation
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CASE 2
• BENIGN MENINGIOMA (recurrence after 2 surgeries) with invasive growth in the lateral and upper aspects of left orbit displacing the optic nerve
PRESCRIPTION:
AVERAGE DOSE to PTV (CTV + 3 mm) = 56 Gy
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IMRT
C ionsp+ passive
p+ active
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Pituitary Lacrimal gland
BrainPTV
Vol.(%)
Vol.(%)
Vol.(%)
Vol.(%)
Dose (Gy)Dose (Gy)
ScattScatt
ScattScatt
Dose (Gy) Dose (Gy)
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Principle of raster scanning
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Image of Albert Einstein produced with the GSI rasterscan system using a 430 MeV/u carbon beam of 1,7 mm width (FWHM). The picture consists of 105x120 pixel filled by 1.5.10 10 particles given in 80 spills (5 sec. each) of the SOS accelerator. Original size of the picture: 15 x 18 cm
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Slices of a tumor treated at GSI
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Active Rasterscanning and Monitoring
Rasterscan: Online- Monitor
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Intensity distributon in a sphere
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Intensity distribution of one slice
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Clival Chordoma
O. Jaekel et al. , DKFZ
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
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In situ control with PET
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Verifying the position of the irradiation field
dose plan
measured simulated
W.Enghardt et al. , FZR Dresden
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precision of stereotactic fixation:
1mm in the head to3mm in the pelvic region
not feasible for regions with internal motion (e.g. respiration in thorax and abdomen)
for ions: variations in radiological path length extremely important
Extension to moving targets
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Target Motion Destroys Volume Conformity
time-dependent target positionfixed target position
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3D online motion compensation (3D-OMC)
magnetic scanner system PMMA wedge system suitable motion tracking system
dynamic treatment plan
static moving, non-compensated
moving, compensated
real-time, highest precision
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Summary:
Physical and technical properties
of proton and carbon beams
– Inverse depth dose profile
– Lateral scattering and dose gradients
– Intensity modulated beam delivery
– In vivo PET control of the beam
– Extension to moving targets
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Thank you