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Physics 327 Experiments in Physics Prof. Rupak Mahapatra

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Page 1: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate

Physics 327Experiments in Physics

Prof. Rupak Mahapatra

Page 2: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate

Goal for the Course

Become a complete physicist! 

Page 3: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate

Overview• This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate level experiments in modern physics and particle physics

• This involves usage of state of the art lab equipment to collect data, analysis techniques to digest your data and get results. 

• To complete the experience, you also write a journal style paper, present your work as a conference talk (in class) and present your work as a poster to the entire Physics department

Page 4: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate

Grading

• 2 Exams (on lab material) – 10% each• Oral presentation and participation – 20%• Poster presentation and participation – 20%• Formal paper – 20%• Informal lab reports and lab conduct – 20%

Page 5: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate

Paper• Report on how a specific experiment was performed, data was reduced and conclusion drawn, with literature survey (citation) 

• Paper will be written in scientific typesetting environment – LaTeX. In particular, use the RevTeXstyle file prepared by the American Physical Society. You will turn in a compiled (PDF) copy, as well as the latex source file and figures

• Download MikTEX for windows/TexShop for Mac

Page 6: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate

In‐class Presentation

• Each student will do a 10min presentation in lecture, using presentation software (like ppt)

• You need to learn the art of presenting scientific effort and defending it in front of an audience

• The poster session is at the end of the semester

Page 7: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate

Poster Presentation

• At the end of the semester, the whole class gets to do a poster session, where all of the Physics department is invited with food/drinks

• You want to learn how to present a scientific idea/work in a poster and be able to describe it to an audience that stays with you for a short duration 

Page 8: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate

The Labs

• 2 students/experiment • 7 experiments at any time• Students rotate through the experiments• Your TA (Andrew Jastram) will assign groups

Page 9: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate

Speed of LightUse ruler and stop watch to measure speed of light!

Page 10: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate

Michelson InterferometerUse Michelson’s interferometric technique to measure index of refraction of air and glass.

Michelson interferometer is a device that produces interference between two beams of light. 

Light from a light source is split into two parts. One part of the light travels a different path length than the other. 

The interference pattern can be seen on a screen.

Constructive when  x = m , destructive when (m+1/2)

As n goes up,  x goes down, so m goes down

Page 11: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate

Hydrogen Spectrum & Rydberg Constant• We will use a commercial spectrometer to measure several lines in atomic hydrogen spectrum 

• From these data obtain a value for the Rydberg constant. The Rydberg constant is a measure of the binding energy of the hydrogen atom

Page 12: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate
Page 13: Physics 327 Experiments in Physicspeople.physics.tamu.edu/mahapatra/phys327/phys327_Intro.pdf · Overview •This course is meant to provide you with a coherent exposure to undergraduate

Frank‐Hertz Experiment

Observe Atomic Excitations Directly!

Accelerate electrons and let them ionize Neon atoms. At just the right energies, sharp transitions are seen, corresponding to atomic transition to 3p states. Electrons lose energy due to this transfer of energy and hence current drops sharply!When this happens, the 3p‐3s transition produces visible light (glow).