physical and chemical changes. physical change- changes the form of an object without changing what...
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Physical and Chemical Changes
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Physical change- changes the form of an object without changing what type of matter it is.
Sublimation- change of state directly from a solid to a gas.
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Just before freezing, water molecules move farther apart and line up in a solid arrangement.
Expands and pushes on a cup
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Boiling point- water’s boiling point is 100 degrees celsius
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Thermal expansion-the increase in an object’s volume due to change in heat.
Thermal contraction-the decrease in an object’s volume due to a change in heat.
Ice is less dense than water. So water expands, instead of contracts, when it freezes
This joint keeps the bridge from breaking or buckling on hot days
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Mixture- a physical combination of substances. The substances remain the same.
Colloid- a mixture like a suspension, except that its parts do not settle. The particles are just small enough not to layer out.
Mayonnaise, foam- examples of colloids
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Solution- mixture with parts that blend so that it looks the same everywhere.
Example: sugar into water, bleach
Solute- substance that is dissolved (sugar)
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Compound- formed by the combination of two or more elements.
Iron Oxide= 2 iron atoms and 3 oxygen atoms
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Chemical Reaction- atoms link to create a new substance. Example- baking soda, vinegar.
Chemical Equations- left side is the chemicals that combine (reactants). Right side is the new substance (product).
Total mass is equal
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Plants- create food using photosynthesis ( a chemical reaction), simple sugars
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Acids- dissolve in water, taste sour, turn blue litmus to red, help digest food, used to clean steel and plastics.
Base- turns red litmus paper blue, can clear clogged drains, used to make fertilizers, used to make cloth, soaps, and some plastics.
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Neutralization- when acids and bases react to form salt and water.
Electrolyte- a substance that forms ions in water.
Found in sports drinks