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INTRODUCTION TO PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS CLEVELAND INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS Lessons 1131B-1140B Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

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INTRODUCTION TO

PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS

CLEVELAND INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS

Lessons 1131B-1140B

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

2

3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Lesson 1131B Photovoltaic Systems and Solar Radiation ............................................................. 4

Lesson 1131B Examination ...................................................................................................... 6

Lesson 1132B Site Surveys and System Components .................................................................... 8

Lesson 1132B Examination ...................................................................................................... 9

Lesson 1133B Cells, Modules, Arrays, and Batteries .................................................................. 11

Lesson 1133B Examination .................................................................................................... 12

Lesson 1134B Charge Controllers and Inverters .......................................................................... 14

Lesson 1134B Examination .................................................................................................... 15

Lesson 1135B System Sizing and Mechanical Integration........................................................... 17

Lesson 1135B Examination .................................................................................................... 18

Lesson 1136B Electrical Integration ............................................................................................. 20

Lesson 1136B Examination .................................................................................................... 21

Lesson 1137B Utility Interconnection .......................................................................................... 23

Lesson 1137B Examination .................................................................................................... 24

Lesson 1138B Permitting and Inspection ..................................................................................... 26

Lesson 1138B Examination .................................................................................................... 27

Lesson 1139B Commissioning, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting ........................................... 29

Lesson 1139B Examination .................................................................................................... 30

Lesson 1140B Economic Analysis ............................................................................................... 32

Lesson 1140B Examination .................................................................................................... 33

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

4

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems

Lesson 1131B Photovoltaic Systems and Solar Radiation

To successfully complete this lesson:

1. Read Chapter 1 Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems and Chapter 2 Solar Radiation

2. Review the Interactive CD-ROM

3. Complete the examination

Introduction

First read the back of the Photovoltaic Systems (third edition) Interactive CD-ROM

concerning system requirements and Opening Files. This CD will work with Windows and

Macintosh systems. Once you have activated the CD, click on Using This Interactive CD-ROM

and review the various topics available on the CD. To return to the main menu, click on the

Home icon in the lower right hand corner.

The Illustrated Glossary has selected terms in blue that allows you to interact with the

chapter figures related to the term. The glossary terms are listed alphabetically. It is best to use

the Quick Quizzes to check your comprehension of the chapter after you have thoroughly read

each chapter. The Solar Radiation Data Sets illustrates the solar data of 239 different locations so

check the city closest to you. For CIE we have NREL data stations in Cleveland and in nearby

Akron, Ohio. Finally check out the Media Clips that utilize videos and animated graphics to

explain specific topics.

The Sun Path Charts are fun as they can help you plot the sun’s position in your location

throughout the year. The Forms and Documents are good to help give you practice on evaluating

5

and sizing (PV) Photovoltaic systems. The use of the Solar Time Calculator helps you in

converting between solar time and standard clock time.

Online reference materials are accessible through ATPeResources.com which is linked to

on the CD. There is a wealth of information that supports your learning process of PV systems.

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

6

Lesson 1131B Photovoltaic Systems and Solar Radiation Examination

Please complete the following photovoltaic training exam. You may use the electronic grading

system for quicker response. Simply log on to www.study-electronics.com and enter your

credentials. Once the exam has been submitted, your results will be returned within 72 hours.

You may also e-mail your answers to [email protected] or fax them to 1-216-781-0331. If you

have any questions, please contact the Instruction Department.

1. What provides water for campgrounds and irrigation?

1) fossil fuel

2) utility grids

3) PV powered water pumping

4) water companies

2. What addresses design and installation of PV Systems and includes what?

1) Article 690 includes definitions, wiring methods, & grounding

2) Article 960 includes questions, knives, marking

3) Article 520 includes disconnect means, inverter, power grids

4) Article 10 includes grounding, marking, definitions

3. Gold, silver, and diamonds are significant sources of silicon.

1) True

2) False

4. What animal is used in remote areas of the world?

1) horses

2) buffalo

3) apes

4) camels

5. Flat plate collectors increase efficiency, and have the ability to channel to channel solar

radiation.

1) True

2) False

6. What uses a metal strip in the shape of an arc to shield the pyranometers from direct

radiation?

1) pyrheliometer

2) reference cells

3) shadow band pyranometer

4) pyranometer

7. Time is a factor in device temperature because it can help keep modules cool.

1) True

2) False

7

8. Aphelion is closest to the sun.

1) True

2) False

9. The ecliptic plane is formed by what orbit?

1) Earth’s elliptical

2) Solstices

3) Tropic of Capricorn

4) Equator plane

10. Standard time is organized by ______________.

1) times zones

2) regions

3) locations

4) none of the above

End of Examination

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

8

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems

Lesson 1132B Site Surveys and System Components

To successfully complete this lesson:

1. Read Chapter 3 Site Surveys and Preplanning and Chapter 4 System Components and

Configurations

2. Review the Illustrated Glossary on the Interactive CD-ROM

3. Complete the examination

Introduction

The Illustrated Glossary has selected terms in blue that allows you to interact with the

chapter figures related to the term. The glossary terms are listed alphabetically. It is best to use

the Quick Quizzes to check your comprehension of the chapter after you have thoroughly read

each chapter. The Solar Radiation Data Sets illustrates the solar data of 239 different locations so

check the city closest to you. For CIE we have NREL data stations in Cleveland and in nearby

Akron, Ohio. Finally check out the Media Clips that utilize videos and animated graphics to

explain specific topics.

The Sun Path Charts are fun as they can help you plot the sun’s position in your location

throughout the year. The Forms and Documents are good to help give you practice on evaluating

and sizing (PV) Photovoltaic systems. The use of the Solar Time Calculator helps you in

converting between solar time and standard clock time.

Online reference materials are accessible through ATPeResources.com which is linked to

on the CD. There is a wealth of information that supports your learning process of PV systems.

9

Lesson 1132B Site Surveys and System Components Examination

Please complete the following photovoltaic training exam. You may use the electronic grading

system for quicker response. Simply log on to www.study-electronics.com and enter your

credentials. Once the exam has been submitted, your results will be returned within 72 hours.

You may also e-mail your answers to [email protected] or fax them to 1-216-781-0331. If you

have any questions, please contact the Instruction Department.

1. What’s used to determine the orientation of a sloped roof surface?

1) ruler

2) protractor

3) compass

4) none of above

2. What are the building blocks gained by site surveys?

1) value assessments and logistics

2) information and knowledge

3) building modifications

4) all of the above

3. What establishes the objectives, resources, and requirements of a PV system?

1) preliminary assessments

2) OSHA

3) photovoltaic systems

4) site surveys

4. A load analysis is part of an energy audit.

1) True

2) False

5. What provides information on surfaces facing due south and at certain tilt angles?

1) solar shading calculator

2) measuring devices

3) solar radiation data sheets

4) roof slopes

6. What can operate as a utility interactive or stand alone system?

1) multimode systems

2) small scale

3) fuel cells

4) Both 1 & 2

7. Engines use _______________ to create mechanical power.

1) gas turbine generator

2) islanding

3) wind speed

4) engines

10

8. Name the system that is AKA grid connected system.

1) stand alone

2) utility systems

3) PV

4) charged-controlled

9. Transfer switch allows an electrical system to be quickly and safely switched from a

primary power source to an alternative power source.

1) True

2) False

10. What type of turbine is a device that produces electricity from the flow and pressure of

water?

1) wind

2) gas

3) micro-hydroelectric

4) none of the above

End of Examination

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

11

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems

Lesson 1133B Cells, Modules, Arrays, and Batteries

To successfully complete this lesson:

1. Read Chapter 5 Cells, Modules, and Arrays and Chapter 6 Batteries

2. Review the Illustrated Glossary on the Interactive CD-ROM

3. Complete the examination

Introduction

The Illustrated Glossary has selected terms in blue that allows you to interact with the

chapter figures related to the term. The glossary terms are listed alphabetically. It is best to use

the Quick Quizzes to check your comprehension of the chapter after you have thoroughly read

each chapter. The Solar Radiation Data Sets illustrates the solar data of 239 different locations so

check the city closest to you. For CIE we have NREL data stations in Cleveland and in nearby

Akron, Ohio. Finally check out the Media Clips that utilize videos and animated graphics to

explain specific topics.

The Sun Path Charts are fun as they can help you plot the sun’s position in your location

throughout the year. The Forms and Documents are good to help give you practice on evaluating

and sizing (PV) Photovoltaic systems. The use of the Solar Time Calculator helps you in

converting between solar time and standard clock time.

Online reference materials are accessible through ATPeResources.com which is linked to

on the CD. There is a wealth of information that supports your learning process of PV systems.

12

Lesson 1133B Cells, Modules, Arrays, and Batteries Examination

Please complete the following photovoltaic training exam. You may use the electronic grading

system for quicker response. Simply log on to www.study-electronics.com and enter your

credentials. Once the exam has been submitted, your results will be returned within 72 hours.

You may also e-mail your answers to [email protected] or fax them to 1-216-781-0331. If you

have any questions, please contact the Instruction Department.

1. A ________ is a unit of electromagnetic radiation.

1) Proton

2) Neutron

3) Electron

4) Photon

2. A module is a PV device consisting of a number of cells connected _______, _______,

________, and packaged into a frame.

1) electrically, laminated, arrayed

2) laminated, electrically, efficiency

3) electrically, laminate, reverse biased

4) electrically, laminated, encapsulated

3. _________ is the ratio of power output to power input.

1) Efficiency

2) Fill factor

3) Photon

4) Electron

4. A semiconductor that has electron voids is a __________.

1) N-type

2) P-type

3) PN-type

4) IV-type

5. The basic electrical output profile of a PV device is ________.

1) an I-V curve

2) an I-V characteristic

3) an I-V tube

4) a PV characteristic

6. A battery is a collection of _________ cells.

1) electrochemical

2) plate

3) many

4) grid

13

7. A __________ is a mental framework that supports the active material of a battery cell.

1) plate

2) grid

3) terminal

4) cell

8. A cycle is a __________ discharge followed by a charge.

1) plate

2) grid

3) terminal

4) cycle

9. A ____________ is a group of batteries connected in a series and/or parallel.

1) plate

2) battery bank

3) terminal

4) cell bank

10. A ____________ is a battery that can store and deliver electrical energy, but cannot be

recharged.

1) secondary battery

2) traction battery

3) primary battery

4) stationary battery

End of Examination

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

14

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems

Lesson 1134B Charge Controllers and Inverters

To successfully complete this lesson:

1. Read Chapter 7 Charge Controllers and Chapter 8 Inverters

2. Review the Illustrated Glossary on the Interactive CD-ROM

3. Complete the examination

Introduction

The Illustrated Glossary has selected terms in blue that allows you to interact with the

chapter figures related to the term. The glossary terms are listed alphabetically. It is best to use

the Quick Quizzes to check your comprehension of the chapter after you have thoroughly read

each chapter. The Solar Radiation Data Sets illustrates the solar data of 239 different locations so

check the city closest to you. For CIE we have NREL data stations in Cleveland and in nearby

Akron, Ohio. Finally check out the Media Clips that utilize videos and animated graphics to

explain specific topics.

The Sun Path Charts are fun as they can help you plot the sun’s position in your location

throughout the year. The Forms and Documents are good to help give you practice on evaluating

and sizing (PV) Photovoltaic systems. The use of the Solar Time Calculator helps you in

converting between solar time and standard clock time.

Online reference materials are accessible through ATPeResources.com which is linked to

on the CD. There is a wealth of information that supports your learning process of PV systems.

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

15

Lesson 1134B Charge Controllers and Inverters Examination

Please complete the following photovoltaic training exam. You may use the electronic grading

system for quicker response. Simply log on to www.study-electronics.com and enter your

credentials. Once the exam has been submitted, your results will be returned within 72 hours.

You may also e-mail your answers to [email protected] or fax them to 1-216-781-0331. If you

have any questions, please contact the Instruction Department.

1. A ________ is a device that regulates a battery charge.

1) charge controller

2) charge acceptance

3) deficient charge

4) shunt controller

2. The _________ is the voltage that triggers the onset of battery charge regulation.

1) AVR setpoint

2) VR setpoint

3) charge controller setpoint

4) hybrid system controller

3. ______________ is the condition of a fully charged battery continuing to receive a

significant charging current.

1) Overdischarge

2) Deficient charge

3) Overcharge

4) Charge control algorithm

4. The ________________ is an auxiliary load that is not a critical system load.

1) system load

2) charge load

3) diffused load

4) diversion load

5. PWM stands for _________________.

1) Public Working Machine

2) Pulse Width Management

3) Pulse Width Modulation

4) Pulse Wide Module

6. _____________ is a method of stimulating waveforms by switching a series device on

and off at high frequency.

1) Pulse Width Modulation

2) Pulse Wide Module

3) Pulsing Wide Movement

4) Public Works Management

16

7. Electrical current that flows in one direction is ___________________.

1) AC

2) DC

3) EC

4) DM

8. RMS value is a statistical parameter representing the ___________value of a waveform.

1) average

2) standard

3) effective

4) frequency

9. _______________ is a measure of the difference between positive and negative values of

a waveform.

1) Peak

2) Peak-to peak

3) Power

4) Period

10. A _______________is the interval of time between the start of each waveform pattern.

1) period

2) cycle

3) frequency

4) peak

End of Examination

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

17

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems

Lesson 1135B System Sizing and Mechanical Integration

To successfully complete this lesson:

1. Read Chapter 9 System Sizing and Chapter 10 Mechanical Integration

2. Review the Illustrated Glossary on the Interactive CD-ROM

3. Complete the examination

Introduction

The Illustrated Glossary has selected terms in blue that allows you to interact with the

chapter figures related to the term. The glossary terms are listed alphabetically. It is best to use

the Quick Quizzes to check your comprehension of the chapter after you have thoroughly read

each chapter. The Solar Radiation Data Sets illustrates the solar data of 239 different locations so

check the city closest to you. For CIE we have NREL data stations in Cleveland and in nearby

Akron, Ohio. Finally check out the Media Clips that utilize videos and animated graphics to

explain specific topics.

The Sun Path Charts are fun as they can help you plot the sun’s position in your location

throughout the year. The Forms and Documents are good to help give you practice on evaluating

and sizing (PV) Photovoltaic systems. The use of the Solar Time Calculator helps you in

converting between solar time and standard clock time.

Online reference materials are accessible through ATPeResources.com which is linked to

on the CD. There is a wealth of information that supports your learning process of PV systems.

18

Lesson 1135B System Sizing and Mechanical Integration Examination

Please complete the following photovoltaic training exam. You may use the electronic grading

system for quicker response. Simply log on to www.study-electronics.com and enter your

credentials. Once the exam has been submitted, your results will be returned within 72 hours.

You may also e-mail your answers to [email protected] or fax them to 1-216-781-0331. If you

have any questions, please contact the Instruction Department.

1. Duty cycle is the ______________ of time a load is operating.

1) amount

2) average

3) probable amount

4) percentage

2. _______________ is the accumulation of dust and dirt on an array surface reducing the

electrical output.

1) Soiling

2) Filming

3) Dusting

4) Covering

3. ____________ is the amount of time a fully charged battery can supply power to loads

without further charging.

1) Soiling

2) Duty cycle

3) Autonomy

4) Charging

4. Load fraction is the portion of load ________________ that comes from the battery bank

over the course of a day.

1) operating power

2) autonomy

3) duty cycle

4) soiling

5. The ____________is the ratio of electrical energy demand to average insolation during a

period.

1) critical design month

2) critical design ratio

3) system availability

4) load fraction

6. A _____________ is a dynamic structural load due to wind.

1) dead load

2) design load

3) live load

4) wind load

19

7. A ____________ is a static structural load due to the weight of accumulated snow.

1) snow load

2) wind load

3) vibration load

4) live load

8. A _____________ is a fastener that hooks around a secure support structure.

1) C-bolt

2) U-bolt

3) J-bolt

4) Z-bolt

9. _____________ is the condition when a vibration frequency matches the fundamental

frequency of the structure.

1) Resonance

2) Vibration load

3) Exposure

4) Spanning

10. The _____________ is the maximum value of a 3 second gust at 10m elevation.

1) snow speed

2) basic wind speed

3) wind load

4) snow load

End of Examination

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

20

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems

Lesson 1136B Electrical Integration

To successfully complete this lesson:

1. Read Chapter 11 Electrical Integration

2. Review the Illustrated Glossary on the Interactive CD-ROM

3. Complete the examination

Introduction

The Illustrated Glossary has selected terms in blue that allows you to interact with the

chapter figures related to the term. The glossary terms are listed alphabetically. It is best to use

the Quick Quizzes to check your comprehension of the chapter after you have thoroughly read

each chapter. The Solar Radiation Data Sets illustrates the solar data of 239 different locations so

check the city closest to you. For CIE we have NREL data stations in Cleveland and in nearby

Akron, Ohio. Finally check out the Media Clips that utilize videos and animated graphics to

explain specific topics.

The Sun Path Charts are fun as they can help you plot the sun’s position in your location

throughout the year. The Forms and Documents are good to help give you practice on evaluating

and sizing (PV) Photovoltaic systems. The use of the Solar Time Calculator helps you in

converting between solar time and standard clock time.

Online reference materials are accessible through ATPeResources.com which is linked to

on the CD. There is a wealth of information that supports your learning process of PV systems.

21

Lesson 1136B Electrical Integration Examination

Please complete the following photovoltaic training exam. You may use the electronic grading

system for quicker response. Simply log on to www.study-electronics.com and enter your

credentials. Once the exam has been submitted, your results will be returned within 72 hours.

You may also e-mail your answers to [email protected] or fax them to 1-216-781-0331. If you

have any questions, please contact the Instruction Department.

1. A _____________is a device that opens the undergrounded and grounded connectors

when a ground fault exceeds a certain amount.

1) TUSS

2) EGC

3) GFCI

4) GEC

2. A _____________ diode is a diode used in PV source circuits to prevent reverse current

flow.

1) bypass

2) blocking

3) junction

4) charging

3. A ____________ is a metallic link that melts when heated by current greater than its

rating.

1) fuse

2) cap

3) circuit breaker

4) foil

4. _____________ is the condition of something that is connected to the earth.

1) Grounded

2) GFCI

3) GEC

4) Grounding electrode

5. A _____________ is a solid state device that has a high resistance at low voltages, and a

low resistance at high voltages

1) grounded conductor

2) surge arrestor

3) varistor

4) grounding electrode

22

6. A ____________ is a protective enclosure used to terminate, combine, and connect

various circuits.

1) junction box

2) combiner box

3) circuit breaker

4) fuse

7. The ____________ is the voltage at which a surge arrestor initiates its transient

protection.

1) varistor

2) GFCI

3) are-fault

4) clamping voltage

8. A _____________ is a current-carrying conductor that is intentionally grounded.

1) grounded conductor

2) surge arrestor

3) ground fault

4) are-fault

9. A TVSS is a ____________ device that limits transient voltages by diverting or limiting

surge current.

1) surge-protective

2) circuit interrupter

3) grounding conductor

4) surge arrestor

10. A _______________ is a circuit breaker that permits current flow in either direction.

1) fuse

2) blocking diode

3) overcurrent protection device

4) back-fed circuit breaker

End of Examination

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

23

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems-

Lesson 1137B Utility Interconnection

To successfully complete this lesson:

1. Read Chapter 12 Utility Interconnection

2. Review the Illustrated Glossary on the Interactive CD-ROM

3. Complete the examination

Introduction

The Illustrated Glossary has selected terms in blue that allows you to interact with the

chapter figures related to the term. The glossary terms are listed alphabetically. It is best to use

the Quick Quizzes to check your comprehension of the chapter after you have thoroughly read

each chapter. The Solar Radiation Data Sets illustrates the solar data of 239 different locations so

check the city closest to you. For CIE we have NREL data stations in Cleveland and in nearby

Akron, Ohio. Finally check out the Media Clips that utilize videos and animated graphics to

explain specific topics.

The Sun Path Charts are fun as they can help you plot the sun’s position in your location

throughout the year. The Forms and Documents are good to help give you practice on evaluating

and sizing (PV) Photovoltaic systems. The use of the Solar Time Calculator helps you in

converting between solar time and standard clock time.

Online reference materials are accessible through ATPeResources.com which is linked to

on the CD. There is a wealth of information that supports your learning process of PV systems.

24

Lesson 1137B Utility Interconnection Examination

Please complete the following photovoltaic training exam. You may use the electronic grading

system for quicker response. Simply log on to www.study-electronics.com and enter your

credentials. Once the exam has been submitted, your results will be returned within 72 hours.

You may also e-mail your answers to [email protected] or fax them to 1-216-781-0331. If you

have any questions, please contact the Instruction Department.

1. _____________ uses two meters to measure exported energy and purchased energy

separately.

1) Dual metering

2) Single metering

3) Combination metering

4) Junction metering

2. ____________-only PV systems connect the array directly to the inverter.

1) Multimode

2) Distributed

3) Interactive

4) Active

3. _____________ is a serious safety hazard, and can damage utility equipment.

1) Grounding

2) Islanding

3) Metering

4) Synchronizing

4. ____________ inverters include automatic and sophisticated synchronizing functions,

and have no moving parts.

1) Solid-state

2) Interactive

3) Multimode

4) Meter

5. ______________ is a system in which many smaller power-generating systems create

electrical power near the point of consumption.

1) Synchronizing

2) Islanding

3) Qualifying facility

4) Distributed generation

6. ______________ is the process of connecting a generator to an energized electrical

system.

1) Synchronizing

2) Islanding

3) Qualifying facility

4) Distributed generation

25

7. A ____________________ is a non-utility large-scale power producer that meets the

technical and procedural requirements for interconnection to the utility system.

1) qualifying-facility agreement

2) interconnection agreement

3) qualifying facility

4) point of connection

8. __________ is the cost that a utility would normally incur to generate a given amount of

power.

1) Distributed generation

2) Avoided cost

3) Islanding

4) Point of connection

9. An ______________ agreement is a contract between a distributed power producer and

an electric utility.

1) qualifying-facility

2) interconnection

3) joint

4) outlined

10. The ______________ is the location at which an interactive distributed-generation

system makes its interconnection with the electric utility system.

1) avoided cost

2) qualifying facility

3) synchronizing affect

4) point of connection

End of Examination

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

26

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems

Lesson 1138B Permitting and Inspection

To successfully complete this lesson:

1. Read Chapter 13 Permitting and Inspection

2. Review the Illustrated Glossary on the Interactive CD-ROM

3. Complete the examination

Introduction

The Illustrated Glossary has selected terms in blue that allows you to interact with the

chapter figures related to the term. The glossary terms are listed alphabetically. It is best to use

the Quick Quizzes to check your comprehension of the chapter after you have thoroughly read

each chapter. The Solar Radiation Data Sets illustrates the solar data of 239 different locations so

check the city closest to you. For CIE we have NREL data stations in Cleveland and in nearby

Akron, Ohio. Finally check out the Media Clips that utilize videos and animated graphics to

explain specific topics.

The Sun Path Charts are fun as they can help you plot the sun’s position in your location

throughout the year. The Forms and Documents are good to help give you practice on evaluating

and sizing (PV) Photovoltaic systems. The use of the Solar Time Calculator helps you in

converting between solar time and standard clock time.

Online reference materials are accessible through ATPeResources.com which is linked to

on the CD. There is a wealth of information that supports your learning process of PV systems.

27

Lesson 1138B Permitting and Inspection Examination

Please complete the following photovoltaic training exam. You may use the electronic grading

system for quicker response. Simply log on to www.study-electronics.com and enter your

credentials. Once the exam has been submitted, your results will be returned within 72 hours.

You may also e-mail your answers to [email protected] or fax them to 1-216-781-0331. If you

have any questions, please contact the Instruction Department.

1. A ___________ code is a building code that is developed and revised by a standards

organization independently of the adopting jurisdictions.

1) building

2) model building

3) construction

4) permit

2. An __________ is an organization, office, or individual designated by local government

with legal powers to administer, interpret, and enforce building codes.

1) inspector general

2) electrical inspector

3) AHJ

4) NRTL

3. __________ is the process used by an NTRL for certifying equipment or materials that

meet applicable standards.

1) Listing

2) Permit

3) Building code

4) Testing

4. A _____________ is permission from the AHJ that authorizes construction work to begin

and establishes the inspection requirements.

1) permit

2) listing

3) test

4) plans review

5. A ____________ space is the clear space reserved around electrical equipment for the

existing equipment.

1) dedicated

2) working

3) solid

4) designed

28

6. A ____________ is a contact assuring that a contractor will complete their work in

accordance with contracting laws.

1) personal bond

2) national bond

3) contractual bond

4) construction bond

7. An ____________ is a local official qualified to evaluate electrical installations in the

field for compliance with applicable codes and standards.

1) electrical inspector

2) examiner

3) inspection authority

4) AHJ

8. A _______________ is a local official qualified to review construction plans and

documents.

1) builder

2) contractor

3) plans examiner

4) qualified person

9. A __________ is a person with knowledge of the construction and operation of electrical

equipment and installation.

1) plans examiner

2) contractor

3) qualified person

4) plans reviewer

10. A ____________ is an evaluation of system-design documentation as part of the

permitting process.

1) permit

2) plans examiner

3) qualified person

4) plans review

End of Examination

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

29

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems

Lesson 1139B Commissioning, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting

To successfully complete this lesson:

1. Read Chapter 14 Commissioning, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting

2. Review the Illustrated Glossary on the Interactive CD-ROM

3. Complete the examination

Introduction

The Illustrated Glossary has selected terms in blue that allows you to interact with the

chapter figures related to the term. The glossary terms are listed alphabetically. It is best to use

the Quick Quizzes to check your comprehension of the chapter after you have thoroughly read

each chapter. The Solar Radiation Data Sets illustrates the solar data of 239 different locations so

check the city closest to you. For CIE we have NREL data stations in Cleveland and in nearby

Akron, Ohio. Finally check out the Media Clips that utilize videos and animated graphics to

explain specific topics.

The Sun Path Charts are fun as they can help you plot the sun’s position in your location

throughout the year. The Forms and Documents are good to help give you practice on evaluating

and sizing (PV) Photovoltaic systems. The use of the Solar Time Calculator helps you in

converting between solar time and standard clock time.

Online reference materials are accessible through ATPeResources.com which is linked to

on the CD. There is a wealth of information that supports your learning process of PV systems.

30

Lesson 1139B Commissioning, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting Examination

Please complete the following photovoltaic training exam. You may use the electronic grading

system for quicker response. Simply log on to www.study-electronics.com and enter your

credentials. Once the exam has been submitted, your results will be returned within 72 hours.

You may also e-mail your answers to [email protected] or fax them to 1-216-781-0331. If you

have any questions, please contact the Instruction Department.

1. ____________ is the starting and operation of a PV system for the first time.

1) Commissioning

2) Delamination

3) Soiling

4) Troubleshooting

2. _________ is the separation of the bonded layers of glass encasing the PV cells of a

module.

1) Commissioning

2) Delamination

3) Soiling

4) Troubleshooting

3. ________ is a systematic method of investigating the cause of system problems and

determining the best solution.

1) Commissioning

2) Delamination

3) Soiling

4) Troubleshooting

4. A ____________ is an instrument used to measure the specific gravity of a liquid.

1) hydrometer

2) monitor

3) water meter

4) digital meter

5. __________ is the repeated measurement of electrical, environmental, or battery

parameters at certain intervals.

1) Maintenance log

2) Monitoring

3) Data acquisition

4) Maintenance plan

6. __________ is the recording and processing of data from a monitoring system.

1) Maintenance log

2) Monitoring

3) Data acquisition

4) Maintenance plan

31

7. A ____________ is a checklist of all required regular maintenance tasks and their

recommended intervals.

1) maintenance log

2) monitoring

3) data acquisition

4) maintenance plan

8. A ______________ is a test instrument that indicates battery health.

1) battery load tester

2) soiling test

3) hydrometer

4) troubleshooting level

9. A ____________ is a collection of past maintenance records.

1) maintenance plan

2) maintenance log

3) data acquisition

4) troubleshooting level

10. A _____________ is the depth of examination into the equipment or processes that

compose a system.

1) troubleshooting

2) troubleshooting level

3) maintenance plan

4) maintenance log

End of Examination

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

32

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems

Lesson 1140B Economic Analysis

To successfully complete this lesson:

1. Read Chapter 15 Economic Analysis

2. Review the Illustrated Glossary on the Interactive CD-ROM

3. Complete the examination

Introduction

The Illustrated Glossary has selected terms in blue that allows you to interact with the

chapter figures related to the term. The glossary terms are listed alphabetically. It is best to use

the Quick Quizzes to check your comprehension of the chapter after you have thoroughly read

each chapter. The Solar Radiation Data Sets illustrates the solar data of 239 different locations so

check the city closest to you. For CIE we have NREL data stations in Cleveland and in nearby

Akron, Ohio. Finally check out the Media Clips that utilize videos and animated graphics to

explain specific topics.

The Sun Path Charts are fun as they can help you plot the sun’s position in your location

throughout the year. The Forms and Documents are good to help give you practice on evaluating

and sizing (PV) Photovoltaic systems. The use of the Solar Time Calculator helps you in

converting between solar time and standard clock time.

Online reference materials are accessible through ATPeResources.com which is linked to

on the CD. There is a wealth of information that supports your learning process of PV systems.

33

Lesson 1140B Economic Analysis Examination

Please complete the following photovoltaic training exam. You may use the electronic grading

system for quicker response. Simply log on to www.study-electronics.com and enter your

credentials. Once the exam has been submitted, your results will be returned within 72 hours.

You may also e-mail your answers to [email protected] or fax them to 1-216-781-0331. If you

have any questions, please contact the Instruction Department.

1. A _____________ is a one-time refund for a portion of an original purchase price.

1) rebate

2) grant

3) tax incentive

4) feed-in tariff

2. A ___________ is a production incentive.

1) rebate

2) grant

3) tax incentive

4) feed-in tariff

3. A _____________ is a one-time monetary payment for certain types of projects.

1) rebate

2) grant

3) production incentive

4) cost analysis

4. An ____________ is an expense related to the design, engineering, equipment, and

installation of a system.

1) incentive

2) energy cost

3) initial cost

4) energy payback

5. An ____________ is an expense related to the energy input of an electricity-generating

system.

1) incentive

2) energy cost

3) initial cost

4) energy payback

6. ______________ is the amount of time a PV system must operate to produce enough

energy to offset the energy required to manufacture the PV system.

1) Payback period

2) Payback point

3) Energy payback

4) Salvage value

34

7. The __________ is the monetary value of a system at the end of its expected useful

lifetime.

1) salvage value

2) discount rate

3) annualized cost

4) repair cost

8. The __________ is the rate at which the value of future money is reduced to its present

value.

1) salvage value

2) discount rate

3) annualized cost

4) repair cost

9. The __________ is a portion of the total life-cycle cost attributed equally to each year of

operation.

1) salvage value

2) discount rate

3) repair cost

4) annualized cost

10. A _____________ is a measure to reduce owed taxes as an inducement for investment.

1) rebate

2) grant

3) tax incentive

4) cost analysis

End of Examination

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course

35

Photovoltaic Training: CIE Bookstore Certificate Course