PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR PANELS

BY

PHONGPHISUT KAEWWONGSA

Photovoltaic solar panels

• Photovoltaic solar panels use solar cells to convert

sunlight directly into electricity. Photovoltaic is abbreviated

PV for short. PV is one of two main methods used to make

use of solar energy. The generation of electricity from

photovoltaic solar panels is safe and effective.

How solar panels work ?

• In direct sunlight at the surface of the equator, a maximally efficient

photovoltaic cell about 1/5m in diameter creates a current of approximately

2 amps at 2 volts, however, due to the Earth’s atmospheric interference,

terran solar panels will never perform as well as solar panels exposed

directly to the sun’s rays. (see space-based solar power.) Years of

overheating and physical wear can, however, reduce the operation efficiency

of the photovoltaic unit. Solar cells become less efficient over time, and

excess energy is released into its thermally conductive substrate as infrared

heat.

A quick overview of the way a photovoltaic solar panel works:

• 1. The sunlight strikes the surface of the solar cells.

2. The light knocks loose electrons, creating an electron imbalance.

3. The electrons then flow from the backside of the solar cells to the front

side.

• This flow of electrons is what we know and use as electricity. Multiple solar

cells can be connected in what is known as a module. Multiple modules are

created to form an array.

Residential Grid Connected PV System

• A PV system is suitable for both northern and southern climates

since it depends on the amount and intensity of sunlight, not the

amount of heat like its’ counterparts which make use of the sun’s heat.

• Although the intensity of sunlight does increase as you get closer

to the equator, there are many people that get great use

from photovoltaic systems in more northern latitudes. Even people in

England where it is always rainy and cloudy have created large PV

systems that manage to produce enough electricity to supply their

entire homes or businesses.

PV systems are very popular for residential solar power. Another great

trait about PV systems is that they are ‘modular’ meaning that you can start

with a smaller, basic system and easily add on to it. You may just start with

one or two panels and get the main controls setup and then add on more

panels a few months down the road as you have more time and money.

While you can start off small, you may also create a complete solar energy

system right from the beginning if you have the money, time, and will to do

so. It will take several Photovoltaic Solar Panels to make a complete system

large enough to power your entire home.

Even if when you get started with just a few PV panels, you could be producing

enough electricity to cut your electric bill by 30% – 40% and that could be a lot

of money off your electric bill every month.

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