Photosynthesis

Big Idea #2: Energy is needed to do stuff.

Essential Knowledge

• 2A2: Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological

processes.

Producers: Phototrophs• Use free energy solar radiation to produce

sugar (PS)• Plants, Algae (Phytoplankton), Cyanobacteria

Producers: Cyanobacteria• Bacteria that can photosynthesize

• Are the only photosynthetic prokaryotes able to produce oxygen.

PS Occurs in Chloroplasts

⚫ Found in all green parts

⚫ Most abundant in mesophyll cells

⚫ Chlorophyll: green pigment that captures free energy sunlight.

Chloroplast Structure•Thylakoids are

membrane-bound discs (chlorophyll)

•Outside fluid is called the stroma

•Contained in a double membrane

Chloroplast x5,755

• Capture free energy from small inorganic molecules (H2S) to produce sugars

(chemosynthesis)

• Can occur w/out O2.

• Bacteria

Producers: Chemotrophs

Evolution of PS

• Started in prokaryotic cells (bacteria) and created an oxygenated atmosphere.

• rRNA analysis

• Made foundation for eukaryotic PS.

Photosynthesis

Steps of PS•Light hits reaction centers of chlorophyll in Photosystems II and I; found in chloroplasts

•Chlorophyll vibrates and causes water to break apart.

•Oxygen is released into air through stomata.

•Hydrogen remains in chloroplast attached to NADPH

•“THE LIGHT REACTION”

In Order to Fuel This Process..

•The DARK Reactions= Calvin Cycle

•CO2 from atmosphere is joined to H from water molecules (NADPH) to form glucose (Carbon Fixing) w/ help of enzyme Rubisco

•Glucose can be converted into other molecules w/ good flavors.

Steps of PS

Types of Plant Reproduction

Plant Hormone AUXIN Bends Plant To Sun → Phototaxis

Plant Review WS

Mr. Anderson PS Video Clip!

Review of Calvin Cycle

⚫ http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/calvin.html

⚫ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OYSD1jOD1dQ