photosynthesis & cellular respiration. energy in a cell!! your body requires energy in order to...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION
•
![Page 2: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
ENERGY IN A CELL!!
• Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts.
• Energy is essential to LIFE!!
![Page 3: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• Your body stores energy in a molecule called ATP’s (adenosine triphosphate)
• This is a quick source of energy for any organelle in the cell that needs it.
![Page 4: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• The energy inside an ATP molecule is released when it loses a phosphate and becomes ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
![Page 5: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• ADP is like a partially charged battery while ATP is a fully charged battery.
![Page 6: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
“Chlorophyll, more like borophyll!”
• Sorry, just had to make an effort to take away the chance for the smart elacks that will be lucky to make a C in this class to use this line and get a laugh. Now they can pay attention for the 5 minutes their little pea-size brain will allow them…
![Page 7: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• Photosynthesis is a process in which solar energy in the form of light is converted into chemical energy within carbohydrate molecules.
![Page 8: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
EQUATION FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light ---> C6H12O6 + 6 O2
![Page 9: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
•Photosynthesis occurs in organelles, present in green plants and certain algae, called Chloroplasts.
![Page 10: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Chloroplast
![Page 11: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
CHLORPLAST
• A chloroplast is filled with stacks of membrane sacs called thylakoids.
• Thylakoids are stacked in columns of grana.
Chloroplast
![Page 12: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• A chloroplast usually has dozens of granum.
• They are suspended
in a fluid matrix called the stroma.
• Chlorophyll molecules are embedded in the thylakoid membranes.
Chloroplast
![Page 13: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
This is a close up version of a chloroplast in a leaf.
![Page 14: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
•These chloroplasts contain the green pigment called chlorophyll.
Chloroplast
![Page 15: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
CHLOROPHYLL
• Chlorophyll- pigment found in plants it will absorb red, blue, and violet better than other colors.
• Green light is primarily reflected so most leaves appear green to us.
• There are two types of chlorophyll a and b
![Page 16: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
CHLOROPHYLL
• Notice how Chlorophyll a absorbs light mostly in the blue-violet and red regions.
• Chlorphyll b absorbs light in the blue and red regions more.
![Page 17: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
CHLOROPHYLL
• Because light is a form of energy, any compound that absorbs light also absorbs the energy in that light.
• When chlorophyll absorbs light much of the energy is transferred directly to electrons in the chlorophyll molecule, raising the energy available in these electrons.
![Page 18: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
CHLOROPHYLL
• Electrons carriers are seen throughout the Photosynthesis concept.
• They are compounds that can accept high-energy electrons and transfer them along with most of their energy to another molecule. – NADP+ NADPH– ADP ATP
![Page 19: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
2 REACTIONS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• Photosynthesis involves 2 reactions:1. Light Reaction.2. Calvin Cycle.
(Also called Light Independent Reaction and Dark Reaction.)
![Page 20: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
STOMATA
• The stomata are important for the exchange of gases by diffusion between the outside air and intercellular spaces for respiration and also for the evaporation of water by transpiration.
![Page 21: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
• Notice how the equation for photosynthesis relates to the reactions shown in the diagram below.6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy C6H12O6 + 6O2
•
![Page 27: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Melvin Calvin (1911 –1997)
• Again, this is also known as the Calvin Cycle
• Named after the American scientist Melvin Calvin, who worked out the details of this cycle in 1948
• Won Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1961
![Page 28: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
http://www.brainpop.com/science/plantsandanimals/photosynthesis/index.weml?&tried_cookie=true
![Page 29: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy
![Page 30: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
•The process by which living organisms obtain energy from the bonds of food.
•There are two important ways the cells can harvest energy from food….cellular respiration and fermentation
![Page 31: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
AEROBIC RESP.
• Aerobic respiration occurs when oxygen is present.
• Aerobic respiration produces a relatively large amount of energy (ATP)
![Page 32: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
ANAEROBIC RESP.
• Anaerobic respiration occurs when oxygen is not present.
• Produces few ATP’s
• Anaerobic respiration may also be called fermentation.
![Page 33: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
WHAT IS ATP?
• (adenosine triphosphate) compound that contains 3 high energy phosphate bonds and is an important source of energy for cells
![Page 34: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
ATP
![Page 35: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• Cellular Respiration consists of 3 major stages:
• Glycolysis
• Krebs Cycle
• Electron Transport Chain..(ETC)
![Page 36: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
GLYCOLYSIS
• They (CR and Fermentation) both start with the Glycolysis
• The 1st stage of cellular respiration. • Occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.• Occurs in both aerobic and
anaerobic conditions.• BUT Does NOT require oxygen
![Page 37: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
GLYCOLSIS
•This metabolic pathway breaks down glucose (produced in photosynthesis) to 2 molecules of pyruvate
•There is a net gain of 2 ATP molecules.
![Page 38: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
KREBS CYCLE
• Also known as citric acid cycle
• 2nd phase of aerobic respiration
• Occurs in the Mitochondria
![Page 40: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Kreb Cycle
• The process of Kreb Cycle is essentially removing carbon dioxide, getting out energy in the form of ATP, NADH and FADH2, and lastly regenerating
the cycle.
![Page 41: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Kreb Cycle• The Kreb Cycle has a by-product of
CO2
• Energy is carried to the ETC by two electron carriers….NADH and FADH2
• A total of two ATP’s are produces through the Kreb Cycle
![Page 42: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Hans Krebs (1900 – 1981)
• Krebs cycle named after Hans Krebs, biochemist who demonstrated its existence
• Born in Germany, son of Jewish physician, forced to leave Nazi Germany in 1933
• Spent rest of life in Great Britain
• Discoveries were initially rejected
• Won Nobel Prize in 1953 in medicine & physiology
![Page 44: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN (ETC)
• Last stage of cellular respiration
• Series of Reactions in which an electron is passed from one molecule to another to produce energy for synthesis of ATP
![Page 45: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
ETC
• The electrons move down the chain along the inner membrane of the mitochondria
• They are carried by NADH and FADH2 (carrier molecules)
![Page 46: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
ETC• As hydrogen ions move across the
channels in the membrane to the matrix, they release energy that is used by an enzyme to make ATP
• Oxygen is the final electron acceptor.• Water is formed in this process..it is
a by-product
![Page 47: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
ETC
• Results in ETC the electron transport chain produces 32 molecules of ATP
• With H2O being a by-product
• O2 enters the ETC
![Page 48: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Cellular Respiration
• TOTAL ATP PRODUCTION IN CELLULAR RESPIRATION
o Glycolysis, 2 ATPs
o Krebs, 2 ATPs +
o ETC, 32 ATPs
o = 36 ATPs TOTAL
![Page 49: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
OVERVIEW
• Glycolysis is anaerobic• When oxygen is present, then the
previously discussed pathway (Krebs cycle, ETC) is taken
• When oxygen is NOT present, a different pathway is taken, fermentation
![Page 50: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• A car and our bodies are similar in the fact that the mitochondria is our bodies engine that burns sugar for fuel. The exhaust would be H2O and CO2
![Page 52: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
FERMENTATION
• Fermentation releases energy from food molecules in the absence of oxygen.
![Page 53: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
The Process of Fermentation
• Glucose is broken down into pyruvate during glycolysis
• Pyruvate is then broken down into ethyl alcohol or lactic acid
• Only results in 2 ATP molecules (vs. 36 from aerobic)
![Page 54: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION
• Most common type of fermentation is yeast cells converting pyruvate into ethyl alcohol
• Fermentation by itself is able to produce liquids that are about 15% alcohol
• The same process enables yeast cells to convert the sugar in dough to ethyl alcohol & carbon dioxide
![Page 55: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
FERMENTATION
• Bakers use alcoholic fermentation of yeast to make breads
• As yeast ferments, it causes dough to rise & create the bubbles that are present in bread
![Page 56: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
FERMENTATION
• As the dough bakes, yeast cells die and the alcohol they have made evaporates
![Page 57: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
FERMENTATION
• Also used to make wine, beer, and ethanol added to gasoline
![Page 58: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION
• Occurs in muscle cells when they use up all the available oxygen
• Muscle cells feel fatigued and sore b/c lactic acid forms when oxygen is NOT present
![Page 59: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
LACTIC ACID
• Most lactic acid made in muscles diffuses into bloodstream, then to liver, where it is converted back to pyruvate, which enters the aerobic respiration process
• Yogurt, cheeses, rye bread, pickles, sauerkraut, and olives are lactic acid products
![Page 60: PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ENERGY IN A CELL!! Your body requires energy in order to function…from your heart beating to intense workouts](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081602/551abba255034656628b5614/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
LACTIC ACID
• Yogurt, cheeses, rye bread, pickles, sauerkraut, and olives are lactic acid products