phonological awareness. virginia standards of learning for phonemic awareness 1.4 the student will...
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Phonological Awareness
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Virginia Standards of Learning for Phonemic
Awareness
1.4 The student will orally identify and manipulate phonemes in syllables and multisyllabic words.
First Grade: Volume 1, Page 11
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“Without direct instructional support, phonemic awareness eludes roughly 25% of middle-class first grade students and substantially more of those who come from less literacy-rich backgrounds.”(Adams, Foorman, Lundberg, Beeler, 1998)
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Why is Phonemic Awareness Important?
• Necessary to learn to read in an alphabetic written language system
• The ability to pay attention to speech sound units is a necessary for phonics instruction
• Poor phonological processing is a core cause of poor reading
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Research on Phonemic Awareness
• Can be developed through instruction
• Doing so significantly accelerates reading and writing achievement
• Increased skill in phonemic awareness may minimize the need for later remedial services
(Adams, Foorman, Lundberg, & Beeler, 1998)
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Phonological Awareness
• Ability to attend to the sound structure of language
• Phonemic awareness is one part of the umbrella term “phonological awareness”
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Instructional Sequence for Phonological
Awareness• Listening and Rhyme• Words and Syllables• Onsets and Rimes• Phonemes
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Listening and Rhyme
• Listening activities and rhyming activities help children develop an ear for sounds
• Rhyme is considered an entry point for phonemic awareness
• Link between rhyme and later reading and spelling achievement
• Activities to develop listening and rhyme awareness
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Hears separate words in
sentences
Hearssyllables in
words
Hearsonsets inwords
Hearsrimes in words
Hears individualphonemes in
words
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Words and Syllables
• Word and syllable activities help children break language into smaller chunks
• Activities to develop word and syllable awareness
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Onset-Rime Awareness• Onset is the initial consonant or consonant cluster
• Rime is the vowel and consonants that follow the onset
• As children reach this level of phonological awareness begin to incorporate letters with activities
• Activities to develop onset-rime awareness
Elkonin Boxes
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Phonemic Awareness
• Awareness that spoken words or syllables can be thought of as a sequence of phonemes
cat = /c/ + /a/ + /t/• Activities to develop phonemic awareness
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Phonemic AwarenessREA Video
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Phonological awareness and phonemic awareness are similar in that they both …, but phonological awareness … , while phonemic awareness …
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Phonological Awareness at Different Stages
• Emergent readers are working on the prerequisites necessary for phonemic awareness (listening, rhyme, word and syllable awareness)
• Beginning readers are learning how to blend and segment onset-rimes and phonemes
• Instructional readers have achieved phonemic awareness
A Model For Reading Development and
Phonological Awareness
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How is phonological awareness addressed in your literacy block?
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Copyright 2005-2007 by the Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia.