philippine literature - poetry
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Poetry
English 7 – SY: 2011-2012
- A term applied to the many forms in which human beings have given rhythmic expression to their most imaginative and intense perceptions of the world, themselves, and the relation of the two.
English 7 – SY: 2011-2012
English 7 – SY: 2011-2012
- Deals with emotions as they are aroused by some scene, experience, attachment; often rich in sentiment and passion; imaginative.
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- The language of the imagination, almost entirely figurative, and also a musical literary language.
Forms:
Couplet- Two lines of verse with similar end-rhymes.
- A two-line stanza with both grammatical structure and idea complete within itself.
Sample:More relative than this. The
play’s the thingWherein I’ll catch the
conscience of the King.
Tercet
- A triplet in which each line ends with the same rhyme.
Sample:
When as in silks my Julia goes,Then, then,
methinks, how sweetly flows
The liquefaction of her clothes.
Quatrain
- A stanza of four lines.
- A complete poem consisting of four lines only: any one of many four-line stanza forms.
- The possible rhyme schemes vary from an unrhymed quatrain to almost any arrangement of one-rhyme, two-rhyme, or three-rhyme lines (abab, aabb,abba, aaba, abcb).
Diction
- Choice of words is of great importance in poetry.
- Words or combinations of words are painstakingly chosen by the poet for their exactness as well as suggestiveness.
- The connotative value of a word is particularly important to the poet.
Tone
- The attitude of the poet or the persona or the speaker in the poem.
- The tone of voice varies according to the emotional state of the speaker.
- In order to identify tone in poetry, one should be sensitive to the inner state of the speaker.
• The usual themes in poetry are love, death, brotherhood, inhumanity, loneliness, and joy.
Poetry can do
the following:
1. Move an individual to tears or laughter.2. Stir the insights of the readers.3. Stimulate the imagination of the reader.
4. Lift the burden of a heavy heart.5. Ease and relax tension in a troubled world.
A. Narrative
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- A nondramatic poem that tells a story or presents a narrative, whether simple or complex, long or short. Epics, ballads, Metrical romances are among the many kinds of narrative poems.
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a. Metrical Tale:- A series of events or facts
told or presented based on the metric system as a standard of measurement.
- Tendencies of romanticism in its freedom of technique and its preference for remote settings as well as its essential qualities.
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SAMPLE TEXT:
EDMUND AND HELEN
COME, SIT THEE BY ME, LOVE, AND THOU SHALT HEAR
A TALE MAY WIN A SMILE AND CLAIM A TEAR-A PLAN AND SIMPLE STORY, TOLD IN RHYME,
AS SANG THE MINSTRELS OF THE OLDEN TIME.
NO IDLE MUSE I'LL NEEDLESSLY INVOKE-NO PATRON'S AID TO STEER ME FROM THE
ROCKOF COLD NEGLECT ROUND WHICH OBLIVION
LIES;BUT LOVED ONE, I WILL LOOK INTO THINE
EYES,FROM WHICH YOUNG POESY FIRST TOUCHED
MY SOUL,
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AND BADE THE BURNING WORDS IN NUMBERS ROLL;--
THEY WERE THE LIGHT IN WHICH I LEARNED TO SING;
AND STILL TO THEE WILL KINDLING FANCY CLING-
GLOW AT THY SMILE, AS WHEN, IN YOUNGER YEARS,
I'VE SEEN THEE SMILING THROUGH THY MAIDEN TEARS,
LIKE A FAIR FLOWERET BENT WITH MORNING DEW;
WHILE SUNBEAMS KISSED ITS LEAVES OF LOVELIEST HUE.
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b. Epic:
- A story about heroic deeds of an individual written in verse.
- - Epics without certain authorship are called Folk Epics.
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Characteristics of an
Epic
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• HERO - a figure of imposing stature, of national or international importance, and of great history or legendary significance.
• SETTING - vast, covering great nations, the world, or the universe.
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• SUPERNATURAL FORCES – gods, angels, and demons – interest themselves in the action and intervene from time to time.
• STYLE – sustained elevation and grand simplicity is used.
• ACTION – consists of deeds of great valor or requiring superhuman courage
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Sample Text:
The Epic of Labaw Donggon
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1The Birth
OdoyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyLet us narrate with careTake note much in detailAll about Labaw Donggon
Who was born in the womb
Of Anggoy Alunsina.
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BuyungLabawDonggonNot long after he was
delivered,Hardly noticed by anyoneBecame a mature person,
A sturdy young man.
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2Wooing of
AbyangGinbitinanOdoyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy
yyyLabawDongon said
To his respected parentsAbyangAlunsina.
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“Open, please openThe great wooden chest
Whose heavy coverIs elaborately carved.
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Then select from thereVery carefully
My treasured possessions and
My fine clothes.”
Ballad
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- One of the earliest forms of literature.- The narration of a story
in poetry form.- Form of verse to be
sung or recited and characterized by its presentation of a dramatic or exciting episode in simple narrative form.
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- Essentially a narrative poem originally intended to be sung.- The traditional ballad consists of four lines with an abcb rhyme scheme and may employ a refrain.
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Characteristics of Ballad:• The supernatural is likely
to play an important part in events.
• Physical courage and love are frequent themes.
• Slight attention is paid to characterization/description.
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• Transitions are abrupt.
• Action is largely developed through dialogue.
• Tragic situations are presented with the utmost simplicity.
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The Mermaidby Author Unknown
'Twas Friday morn when we set sail,
And we had not got far from land,
When the Captain, he spied a lovely mermaid,
With a comb and a glass in her hand.
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Chorus Oh the ocean waves may roll,
And the stormy winds may blow,
While we poor sailors go skipping aloft
And the land lubbers lay down below, below, below
And the land lubbers lay down below.
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Then up spoke the Captain of our gallant
ship, And a jolly old Captain
was he; "I have a wife in Salem
town, But tonight a widow she
will be."
Lyric:English 7 – SY: 2011-2012
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- A brief subjective poem strongly marked by imagination, melody, and emotion, and creating a single, unified impression.- (GREEK) Expression of the emotion of a single singer accompanied by a lyre.
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- “Choric” – verses that were the expression of a group and were sung by a chorus.- Individual and personal emotion of the poet still holds.- Most broadly inclusive of all the various types of verse.
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a. Ode:
- A single, unified strain of exalted lyrical verse, directed to a single purpose, and dealing with one theme.- Connotes certain qualities of both manner and form.
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- An elaborate lyric, expressed in language dignified, sincere, and imaginative and intellectual in tone.- No definite pattern.- Each is distinguished by its subject matter.
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- The elegy dwells on death and the sorrow that comes with the contemplation of loss.- Addresses an object in lofty terms.- More complicated than most of the lyric types.
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Sample Text:Ode to My Angel
Michael Flores
Fly me to your heavenly garden of peace
With your pure and perfect pallid wings
Carry me to my fairest hopes and dreams
And put my feet up on your red rose’s bed.
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Bless my mornings with your comforting touchAnd feed me with your
sweetest smilesI’ll drink your tears to heal
my painsAnd live with you
forevermore.
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Guide me to my future successes
With your eyes so angelic and divine
Sing your most romantic melodies
Erase my worries and perplexities.
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O my dearly beloved angel of heavens
Your smell I breathe awakens me
Embrace me with your warmest arms
Forever I will live with thee.
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Song:- A lyric poem adapted to musical expression.- Usually short, simple, sensuous, emotional – the most spontaneous lyric form.
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Sample Text:I HAVE BECOME LIGHTER
I have become lighter than a basket
of beaten cotton in the presence
of so many relatives all heavily adorned
with double necklaces of gold and precious beads;
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heavy earrings of gold hung
like leaves upon their ears;
but I sit in their midst with a necklace of lasa
seedsinterspersed with the humble seed of the
tugitugi
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and cheap green beads of glass, adorned with a cross
made of squash shell because I know not
how to tie properly a string around my neck,
which is the proper and decorous thing for a young
woman
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Sources:Holman, Hugh, et al.:A Handbook to Literature.C.Macmillan Publishing Company.1986Tomeldan, Yolanda V., Prism: An Introduction to Literature. National Bookstore.1986Senatin, Ruby B.,Centenera, Fe G.:Introduction to Literature English 104 (Textbook-Workbook).National Bookstore.2003Eugenio, Damiana L.Philippine Folk Literature: an Anthology.
English 7 – SY: 2011-2012
Prepared by:
Ms. Mingel P. Rico
English 7 – Don Bosco School (Salesian Sisters), Inc. - Manila