philippine gods and goddesses

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PHILIPPINE MYTHOLOGY Pantheon of the Gods and Goddesses Mythological Creatures

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Page 1: Philippine gods and goddesses

PHILIPPINE MYTHOLOGYPantheon of the Gods and

GoddessesMythological Creatures

Page 2: Philippine gods and goddesses

Philippine mythology is derived from Philippine folk literature, which is the traditional oral literature of the Filipino people. This refers to a wide range of material due to the ethnic mix of the Philippines. Each unique ethnic group has its own stories and myths to tell.

Introduction

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PHILIPPINE PANTHEON. The stories of ancient Philippine mythology include deities, creation stories, mythical creatures, and beliefs. Ancient Philippine mythology varies among the many indigenous tribes of the Philippines. Some groups during the pre-Spanish conquest era believed in a single Supreme Being who created the world and everything in it, while others chose to worship a multitude of tree and forest deities (diwatas). Diwatas came from the Sanskrit word devata which means "deity", one of the several significant Hindu influences in the Pre-Hispanic religion of the ancient Filipinos.

Introduction…

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Because the country has many islands and is inhabited by different ethnic groups, Philippine Mythology and superstitions are very diverse. However, certain similarities exist among these groups, such as the belief in Heaven (Kaluwalhatian or Kalangitan), Hell (Impiyerno), and human soul (kaluluwa).

Introduction…

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The prevalence of belief in the figures of Filipino mythology is strong in the provinces. Many common folk attribute psychological problems to these superstitions and considered significant for psychologists in understanding the Filipino psyche.

Introduction…

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Before the arrival of the Spaniards and the introduction of Roman Catholicism in the 1500's, the indigenous inhabitants of the Philippines were adherents of a mixture of animism, Hinduism, and Vajrayana Buddhism. Bathala was the supreme God of the Filipinos, represented by the langit, or sky, but not all Filipinos believed in it. The Ninuno, or the ancient ancestors, were the people who taught Filipinos/Tagalogs who will be in the future; they believed in the supreme God. For the Bikolanos, the supreme God was Gugurang.

Introduction…

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Other Filipino gods and goddesses include araw (sun), buwan (the moon), tala (the stars), and natural objects (such as trees, shrubs, mountains, or rocks). However, they were not the Western kinds of gods and goddesses; they were representations for some Filipinos/Tagalogs; or they were representations as gifts. As the Abrahamic religions began to sweep the islands, most Filipinos became Christians, consequently believing in only one God. Other Filipinos became Muslims, especially in the southern islands of the country such as Mindanao.

Introduction…

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The famous gods and goddesses of Greek, Roman, Norse, Egyptian, Chinese, and Japanese mythology are the most widespread popular mythology in the world today. These different countries contain different gods and goddesses. Even if Filipino Mythology is not as well-known as the others, they still contain similar elements, such as gods, goddesses, creation stories, mythical creatures and beliefs.

Filipino mythology gods and goddesses

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PANTHEON of Philippine gods and goddesses

(in Alphabetical order)

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The ill-tempered god of the sea because among of the first generation gods (aside from Bathala), he was never married after his love was spurned by a beautiful mortal maiden, Maganda. In frustration, he swore vengeance against the humans by sending turbulent waves and horrible tempests in order to wreck boats and to drown men

AMANIKABLE

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Anagolay• The goddess of lost things and the

only offspring of Lakapati and

Mapulon. • She was married

to Dumakulem.

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Anitun Tabu• The fickle-minded goddess of wind

and rain. • She was the

daughter of Idiyanale and

Dumangan and the sister of

Dumakulem.

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Apolaki• The god of sun and was chiefly

the patron of warriors.

•He was the son of Anagolay

and Dumakulem.

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Bathala• The supreme god of the Tagalogs; creator of man and

earth and addressed sometimes as Bathalang Maykapal.

• He dwells in Kaluwalhatian together with the lesser gods

and goddesses. • Aside from the lesser gods and

goddesses, he sent his anitos in order to assist the daily lives of

every human. • When most of the natives were

converted to Christianity during the Spanish Era, he was

referred to the Christian God.

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god of pacts

BAYOA

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Diyan Masalanta

• The goddess of love, conception and childbirth

and the protector of lovers.

• She was the daughter of Anagolay and Dumakulem

and youngest of all the deities.

• After the conversion of the natives to Christianity

during the Spanish Era, she was then referred

as Maria Makiling.

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The goddess of love, conception and childbirth and the protector of lovers.

She was the daughter of Anagolay and Dumakulem and youngest of all the deities. After the conversion of the

natives to Christianity during the Spanish Era, she was then referred as

Maria Makiling.

DIYAN MASALANTA

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goddess of medicinal herbs

DIHAS

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Dimangan•The goddess of good harvest.

• She was married to

Idiyanale and had two

offspring.

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Dumakulem• The strong, agile guardian of

mountains and the son of Idiyanale

and Dumangan. • His sister was

Anitun Tabu. • He later married

Anagolay.

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god of Magic

HALMISTA

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Hanan• The goddess of morning;

• sister of Mayari and Tala and one

of the three daughters of Bathala by a

mortal woman.

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god of the sea and the ocean

HAYO

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goddess of death

HUKLOBAN

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HUKLOBAN

The last agent of Sitan could change herself into any form she desired. She could kill someone by simply raising her hand and could heal without any difficulty as she wished. Her name literally means "crone" or "hag."

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IDEANALE

• The goddess of labor and good deeds. Natives used to call for her guidance in order to make their works successful. She married Dimangan and had two offspring.

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god of thunder

KALINGA

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Although he is not a God, he is still considered as a high power. He has the power to change destiny at

his will.

KAPALARAN

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god of earthquakes

KIDUL

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god of healing

KILUBANSA

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god of gluttony, food, and eating

LAKAMBUWI

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LAKAPATI

• The goddess of fertility and the most understanding and kind of all the deities. Also known as Ikapati, she was the giver of food and prosperity. Her best gift to mankind was agriculture (cultivated fields). Through this, she was respected and loved by the people. Later, she was married to Mapulon and had a daughter.

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goddess of volcanoes

LALAHON

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god of disease, although unlike Manggagaway, he

cures them

LINGA

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ferryboat god, ferries souls to hell

MAGUAYEN

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god of strength and bravery

MALYARI

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goddess of war

MANGARAGAN

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She was the first agent of Sitan and was primarily blamed as the cause of

diseases. Sometimes, she would change herself into a human form, appearing as

a false healer. If she wished to kill someone, she employed a magic wand

MANGGAGAWAY

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The only male agent of Sitan, he was to emit fire at night and when there was bad weather. Like his fellow agents, he could change his form to that of a healer and then induce fire at his victim's house. If the fire were extinguished immediately, the victim would eventually die. His name remains today as witch

MANGKUKULAM

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The second agent of Sitan, she was tasked to destroy and

break every happy and united family that she could

find

MANISILAT

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The god of seasons and husband of Lakapati of

whom they had a daughter

MAPULON

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MAYARIThe goddess of the moon and one of the three daughters of Bathala by a mortal woman. She was the most charming of all the goddesses. She had two sisters, Tala and Hanan

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god of mountains and hills

OGHEP

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god of knowledge

PAMAHRES

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god of music

PASIPO

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the king of the Dwendes of the North

PUGHE

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god of trees

PUNHO

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god of death

SIDAPA

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god of hell

SIGINAGURAN

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goddess of fishes

SIRENHA

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The guardian of Kasamaan and the keeper of all souls

therein, the counterpart of Satan. He had four agents

whose task was to lead man to sin and destruction.

SITAN

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goddess of gold

SODOP

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goddess of magic, queen of witchery

SOMILGE

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Tala• The goddess of the stars;

• sister of Mayari and Hanan and

one of the three daughters of Bathala by a

mortal woman.

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Mythological Creatures

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FAMOUS PHILIPPINE DIWATAS

1.Mariang Makiling2.Mariang Sinukuan3.Maria Cacao4.Diwata ng Kagubatan

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Mariang Makiling• The most famous of all

the enchantress in the Philippine mythology and folklore.

• She was the protector and guardian of Mount Makiling located in Los Baños, Laguna. Thus, modern sightings of her were even reported.

• Maria Makiling is a common theme among Filipino artists, ranging from painters and sculptors to graphic novelists. Before, the Spanish arrived in the Philippines, she was known as Diyan Masalanta.

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Mariang Sinukuan• She was the resident and protector of Mount Arayat located in Arayat, Pampanga

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Maria Cacao• She dwells

in Mount Lantoy, Argao, Cebu where she had cacao trees, hence a plantation outside her own cave.

• After harvest, rain comes that wash down the mountain, enabling her to float down to the towns below in her golden ship to sell her products.

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Diwata ng Kagubatan• Also known as Virgen Del Monte,

she was worshiped by the ancient Cuyunon of Cuyo Island, Palawan.

• She is honored in a celebrated feast, periodically held atop of Mount Caimana in the mentioned island.

• When most of the natives were converted to Christianity during the Spanish Era, about 2/3 of the converted Cuyunon are still celebrating her feast that upset the Spanish authorities. The situation led the Spanish authorities to intensify their evangelization and governance efforts.

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PHILIPPINE MYTHICAL CREATURES

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Aswang

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Kapre

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Siyokoy

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Manananggal

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Kantanod

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Tiyanak

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Tikbalang

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Diwata

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Nuno sa Punso

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Sirena

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Resources:F. Landa Jocano, Outline of Philippine Mythology (Centro

Escolar University Research and Development Center, 1969)

Angelfire Editors. (n.d.). Mysterio delas Felipinas. Retrieved November 10, 2011, from Angelfire: http://www.angelfire.com/realm2/mdf/Gods.htm

Philippine mythology. (2006, June 01). Retrieved November 10, 2011, from Michael Bourne's Book of Thoth: http://www.book-of-thoth.com/thebook/index.php/Philippine_mythology

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_mythology