6. KANKANAY LOCATION:BAKUN MOUNTAIN, NORTH BENGUET. PLAN: BINANGIYAN STRUCTURAL: FOUR OR MORE WOODEN POSTS HARDWOOD WALLS DECORATIVE ELEMENTS: JAWBONES AND SKULLS OF BUTCHERED PIGS PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: PYRAMIDAL ROOF (HIGH AND POINTED) MADE OF REED / RUNO PUDONG AND COGON GRASS CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: DETACHABLE BAMBOO STAIRS NO WINDOWS

7. TINGGIAN LOCATION:ABRA MOUNTAINS/APAYAO DIST. (CAGAYAN) PLAN: ELEVATED; WOODEN FLOOR BOARDS STRUCTURAL: WOODEN WALLS AND POSTS USAGE OF PEEPHOLES PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: RUNO GRASS (ROOF) DECORATIVE ELEMENTS: WALLBOARDS CARVINGS (EYES/ NOSE/ MOUTH)8. BONTOC LOCATION: CORDILLERA (MOUNTAIN AREA) PLAN: FAYU = WIDE OPEN DOOR SLANTED SLEEPING COMPARTMENT STRUCTURAL: FOUR CORNER POST PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: PYRAMIDAL ROOF RIDGE POST SUPPT. BY 2 QUEEN POSTS CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: STAIRS; SMOKEHOLES; DOOR9. GADDANG TREE HOUSE LOCATION: CORDILLERA HILLTOPS (FORESTED AREAS) PLAN: NO DISTINCT SHAPE. ANYTHING GOES. STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS: UPRIGHT TREE TRUNKS & BAMBOO DECORATIVE ELEMENTS: ONE OR TWO TRUNKS PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: COGON10. IBALOY LOCATION: BENGUET MOUNTAINS PLAN: BUILT DIRECTLY ON THE GROUND FOR THE POOR (LOWEST CLASS OF THEIR CASTE). DECORATIVE ELEMENTS / FURNISHINGS: NO FURNITURES BUILT-IN BEDS STRUCTURAL: FOUR TO SIX PINEWOOD POSTS PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: CEILINGLESS CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: STAIRS (MADE OF TAYTAY) WINDOWLESS

11. IBANAG LOCATION: ISABELA LOWLANDS PLAN: ELEVATED BATALAG PORCHES AT FRONT/REAR (KIT.) STRUCTURAL: STURDY WOODEN POSTS SPLIT BAMBOO WALL PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: COGON / NIPA

CONCLUSION: ROOFING: PYRAMIDAL. COGON. MAIN APPROACH: ENTRANCE/ENTRY; USAGE OF DETACHABLE LADDERS. USUALLY OF TWO DOORS: MAIN AND KITCHEN.

PRE-SPANISH ERABAHAY KUBO/ NIPA HOUSE/ NIPA HUT LOCATION: LOWLANDS ALL OVER THE PH PLAN: ONE-ROOM DWELLING WITH PORCH BULWAGAN-SILID-PALUTUAN-SILONG- DAPOGAN-BANGAHAN-BATALAN STRUCTURAL: FOUR MAIN POSTS ROCKS ADD STABILITY TO POSTS FLOOR SILLS GILILAN TWO FLOOR BEAMS YAWI FLOOR JOISTS SOLERAS PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: STEEP GABLED ROOF COGON; RICE STALKS; SUGAR CANE LEAVES NIPA SHINGLES = PAWID BAMBOO STRIPS = PALATPAT RIDGE POLE = PALUPO CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: DOORS = SALA;WINDOWS = SAWALIMANGYAN LOCATION: MINDORO (MOUNTAINSIDE/HILLSIDES) PLAN: RECTANGULAR IN PLAN ELEVATED AT 1.5 mts. STRUCTURAL: WALLS = TREE BARKS PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: GABLED ROOF (COGON THATCHING) ROOF EAVES EXTEND 1.0 mtr. BEYOND WALL CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: 4-STEP LADDER/ NOTCHED LOG NO WINDOWS

CATICUGAN LOCATION: DUMAGUETE LOWLANDS PLAN: SALA- SLEEPING RM KIT. 2 PORCHES STRUCTURAL: BAMBOO POSTS PREVENTION OF DECAY FLR BEAMS ATTACHED TO POST TOGETHER NIPA EXT. WALLS SAWALI (INTERIOR) PARTITION PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: HIPPED/ GABLED ROOF CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: STAIRS = 2 UPRIGHT BAMBOOS WITH HORIZONTAL SLATS DOOR = FENENSA AWNING TYPE WINDOWS

MAGAHAT LOCATION: STEEP HILLSIDES OF S. NEGROS PLAN: SQUARE/ RECTANGULAR STRUCTURAL: LOG POST PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: GABLED ROOF FRAMING SPLIT BAMBOO CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS 4-DIAMETER LOG STAIR

TAGBANUA LOCATION: CENTRAL PALAWAN (COASTAL AND NEAR-COASTAL PLAINS/ VALLEYS) PLAN: ELEVATED ON STILTS AT 8 ft. HIGH USUALLY MADE OF EIGHT LEVELS EACH LEVEL CORRESPONDS TO CERTAIN FUNCTIONS (I.E. ENTRANCE, COOKING, DINING ETC.) HIGHEST LEVEL = STO. FOR PILLOWS/ BLANKETS. STRUCTURAL: PARTITIONS ARE UNNECESSARY (BECAUSE OF FLOOR LEVELS) CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS:NO WINDOWSMINDANAO1. BADJAO LOCATION: MINDANAO & SULU REGION PLAN: LADDERS SERVE AS WASHING AREA MIRROR SYMBOLIZE NO. OF CHILDREN CONSIDERED AS HOUSE BOATS

2. MANDAYA LOCATION: DAVAO (EDGE OF CLIFFS) PLAN: TREE HOUSES FLOORING MADE OF BAMBOO STRIPS/ BEATEN BARKS. SECURED BY RATTAN. RESTS DIRECTLY ON THE LIMBS OF TREES BUILT ON TOP OF TREE STUMPS (4.50 6.00 mtrs. HIGH) DECORATIVE ELEMENTS BAMBOO SWING DRUMS (MADE OF STRETCHED DEER SKIN); GUITARS; BAMBOO FLUTE FIGHTING SPEAR STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS: TWO-THREE FOUNDATION POSTS (ROOF SUPPORT) FLATTENED BAMBOO STRIPS/ NIPA POLED COVERED WITH NIPA PALM (AT WALLS) PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: GABLE ROOF (BAMBOO FRAMING WITH LAYERS OF NIPA PALM AS COVERING) CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: SINGLE STAIR NOTCHED TREE/ BAMBOO POLES. SMALL WINDOWS.

3. SUBANUN LOCATION: ZAMBOANGA (MOUNTAINOUS INTERIOR) PLAN: RARELY EXXCEEDS 20.0 SQ. MTRS. BUILT ABOVE GROUND ONE-ROOM STRUCTURE WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS FOR DIFFERENT AREAS. STRUCTURAL: WOOD/ BAMBOO POSTS BAMBOO FRAMING COVERED WITH LAYERS OF NIPA PALMS AT WALLS PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: GABLE ROOF (NIPA PALM) CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: SINGLE LOG WITH NOTCHES; BAMBOO RAILING (STAIRS) ABSENCE OF WINDOWS

4. MANOBO LOCATION: AGUSAN, BUKIDNON, DAVAO, MISAMIS ORIENTAL, COTABATO (LOWLANDS) PLAN: FLOORING: WITHERED BARK OF MAHOGANY TREE/ SPLIT BAMBOO STRUCTURAL: FOUR OR MORE POSTS (20-50POST AND POLES IF HOUSE IS EXTENDED) WIDE BAMBOO FRAME AT WALLS PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: GABLED ROOF COVERED WITH SUN-DRIED COGON GRASS DECORATIVE ELEMENTS: LITTLE OR NO DECORATIONS AT ALL ANGLED PIECE OF WOOD ATTACHED TO TOP BEAM (PROTECTION AGAINST EVIL) CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: KITCHEN AREA = ONLY ENTRANCE LADDER (TREE TRUNK CUT WITH NOTCHES) 2 WINDOWS

5. MARANAO & TOROGAN LOCATION: LAKESHORES/ HILLS/ RIVERS TOROGAN = ANCESTRAL HOUSE FOR DATU & FAMILY PLAN: MARANAO = WALAY HOUSE (SINGLE ROOM STRUCTURE WITH NO PARTITION) TOROGAN-BARIMBINGAN WOOD TAPAAN KODAL (CARABAO CORRAL) GIBON/ PAGA ROOM FOR DATUS DAUGHTER TO HIDE IN. LAMIN TOWER FOR PRINCESS TO HIDE IN DURING OCCASIONS. PANGGAO DATUS CEREMONIAL BED. CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: BAMBOO STAIRS AT PORCH AND KITCHEN SPIT BAMBOO SLIDING DOORS/ WINDOWS WINDOWS AT FRONT & RIGHT SIDE OF HOUSE. PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: WALAY AND TOROGAN ROOF (STEEP PITCHED; IN SHAPE OF CARABA HORNS) THICK COGON GRASS AND BAMBOO FRAMING DECORATIVE ELEMENTS: CARVED CHESTS, MAMANDIYANG CURTAINS, RIYARA WOVEN MAT CARVINGS PIAKO = FERN-LIKE NAGA = DRAGON-LIKE OKIR DESIGN (CARVING AT GISUK WOODEN PANELS; WALLS) STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS WALAY HOUSE ELEVATED/ NINE TO TWELVE HUGE POSTS OF BAMBOO/ WOODEN MATERIALS

TOROGAN HOUSE RAPUWILIH = CENTER POST; LUKUD = FOUR CORNER POSTS FLOOR BEAMS SUPT BY 25 THICK POSTS; END BEAMS = PANOLONG

6. SAMAL LOCATION: JOLO (COASTAL WATERS) PLAN: ONE/MORE SMALL ROOMS KITCHEN ARE BUILT PARTIALLY ABOVE GROUND AND WATER ON WOODEN POSTS. STRUCTURAL: STILTS = BAMBOO POLES WALLS = WOODEN BOARDS/ SAWALI PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: ROOF THATCHING = FLATTENED BAMBOO GABLED ROOF WITH PROJECTING LOWER LEAN-TO ROOFS CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: CATWALKS INSTEAD OF STAIRS SLIDING SASHES AT DOORS & WINDOWS

7. TAUSUG LOCATION: COASTAL WATERS OF TAPUL, SIASI, BASILAN, TAWI-TAWI, ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, COTABATO BAY-SMUG = NATIVE NAME FOR TRADITIONAL TAUSUG HOUSE PLAN: ELEVATED ABOVE GROUND ENTRY PORCH/ SALOS SLEEPING QUARTERS KITCHEN STRUCTURAL: 9 POSTS AT BILIK (SLEEPING AREA) POSTS = HEAVY TIMBER/ BAMBOO WALLS = SPLIT BAMBOO/ WOOVEN COCONUT PALM CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: 0.45 mtr. OPENING FOR VENTILATION SMALL, RECTANGULAR NARROW SLITS AS PEEPHOLES PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS HIP ROOF SUPPORTED BY 8 POSTS RISING DIRECTLY FROM GROUND ROOF BEAMS CONNECT EACH POST TO ONE ANOTHER KINGPOST SUPPORTING ROOF RIDGE BAMBOO STRIPS = SUPPORTING PURLINS

8. TBOLI LOCATION: LAKE SEBU, COTABATO (HILLTOPS AND MOUNTAINTOPS AREA) PLAN: BUILT ON 6 FT HIGH STILTS VARIOUS LEVELS STRUCTURAL: BAMBOO = HOUSE POSTS SAWALI/ WOVEN BAMBOO STRIPS = WALLS PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS: ROOF DESIGN= ROOF ON STILTS COGON/ DRIED GRASS; ROOF SLOPE OF 30 EXTENDING DOWNWARDS APEX AT 17 FT HIGH CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS: SINGLE BAMBOO POLE = STAIR DOOR AT *ALMOST* 2FT ABOVE FLOOR DECORATIVE ELEMENTS APPLIQUES AND TASSLES, IGAM MATS, BASKETS, PILLOWS WINNOWING TRAYS, BAMBOO WATER CONTAINERS, ANTIQUE CHINESE PLATES, JAW BONES OF WILD BOARS AND HUNTING/FISHING TOOLS

9. YAKAN LOCATION: MOUNTAINOUS INTERIOR OF BASILAN PLAN: ELEVATED AT 2-3 MTRS FROM GROUND SINGLE-ROOM STRUCTURE; RECTANGULAR IN PLAN STRUCTURAL: POSTS = STURDY WOOD; FLOOR BEAMS DIRECTLY ATTACHED TO FLOOR. WALLS = SAWALO/ HORIZONTAL WOODEN BOARDS ATTACHED BY RATTAN LASHINGS. CIRCULATORY ELEMENTS LADDER AT PORCH AND KITCHEN DOORS AT EAST (PROSPERITY) SMALL WINDOWS (BAD SPIRITS CANNOT ENTER SMALL OPENINGS) PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS STEEP RIDGED ROOF; COGON THATCH ROOF EAVES OVERHANG WALL AT 0.50MTS