PHILIPPINE ELECTION LAWS

A. GENERAL PROVISIONS/GEN. PRINCIPLES1. ELECTION

Meaning and purpose2. Constitutional Provision

PreambleSuffrage (Art.V)Commission on Elections (Art. IX)

B. CANDIDATES1. Qualifications/Eligibility/Term/others

President and V-President(Sec. 2,3,4,7,8,9 Art. VII, 1987 Constitution)Tecson v. Comelec, GR no. 161824Velez v. Poe, GR no. 161634Fornier v. Poe, GR no. 161824, 3 March 2004

Senators (sec. 3 and 4, 1987 Constitution)House of Representative (sec. 6,7,8,9, 1987 Constitution)Local Officials

(sec. 39 of Local Government Code); sec. 43 LGC; Lonzanida v. Comelec, 370 Phil 625; Borja, Jr v. Comelec 356 Phil 467; Montebon v. Comelec GR no. 180444, April 8, 2008;

Effect of preventive suspension (Aldovino, Jr v. Comelec, GR no. 184836, December 23, 2009)

Brgy. Officials- Republic Act no. 6679Sec.9 of RA 6679 is unconstitutional. (Flores v. Comelec,

184 SCRA 484)Non-partisan nature (Occena v. Comelec, 127 SCRA 404)SK- sec. 424 LGC is amended by Republic Act no. 9164(age

requirement); Montesclaros v. Comelec, GR no. 152295, July 9, 2002Drug test (

Repatriation (Bengzon III v. House of Electoral Tribunal, GR no. 142840 7 May 2001; Coquilla v. Comelec GR no. 151914 31 July 2002

Residency (Ugdoracion v. Comelec, GR no. 179851 18 April 2008); Marcos v. Comelec 248 SCRA 300; Domino v. Comelec 310 SCRA 546; Perez v. Comelec, 317 SCRA 641; Fernandez v. HRET GR no. 187478, 21 December 2009; Coqulla v. Comelec GR no. 151914, July 31, 2002Faypon v Quirino, 96 Phil. 294Abella v. Comelec, 201 SCRA 253Romualdez v. RTC of Tacloban, 226 SCRA 406

Mandatory nature of requirementsSanchez v. Del Rosario 1 SCRA 1102Aquino v. Comelec 248 SCRA 400Frivaldo v. Comelec 257 SCRA 727Labo v. Comelec 176 SCRA 1

CitizenshipOrtega v. Comelec 211 SCRA 297Jacot v. Dal and Comelec GR no. 179848, November 29, 2008Velasco v. Comelec, GR no. 180051, December 24, 2008Japzon v. Comelec, GR no. 180088, January 19, 2009Cordova v. Comelec,GR no. 176947, February 19, 2009

 Doctrine of implied election             -  Co v. HRET, G.R. No. 92191-92, July 30, 1991

TermsSocrates v. Comelec, GR no. 154512, November 12,2002

2. Disqualifications (sec.40 of Local Government Code; Sec. 68 of OEC; Sec. 4 of RA 8295)Reyes v. Comelec, G.R. No. 120905.  March 7, 1996; Mercado v. Manzano, GR no. 135083, 26 May 1999;Marquez v. Comelec, 243 SCRA 358; Rodriquez v. Comelec, GR no. 120099 24 July 1996; Phil Press Institute v. Comelec; Telecommunication and Broadcast Attorneys of the Philippines v. Comelec, 289 SCRA 337De Guzman v. Comelec GR no. 180048 July 19, 2009Aznar v. Comelec, 185 SCRA 703Valles v. Comelec, GR no. 137000, August 9, 2000 superseded by RA no. 9225Lopez v. Comelec GR no. 182701, July 23, 2008Pundaodaya v. Comelec, GR. NO. 179313, September 17, 2009Ugdoracion v. Comelec, GR no. 179851, April18, 2008Papandayan v. Comelec, G.R. no. 151891, November 18, 2002Lingating v. Comelec GR no. 153475, November 13, 2002Sec. 68 and 78 of OEC distinguished (Fermin v. Comelec, GR no. 179695 and GR no. 182369, December 18, 2008Blanco v. Comelec, G.R no. 180164, June 17,2008

Fugitive (Rodriguez v. Comelec, 259 SCRA 296)

Procedural RulesSingco v. Comelec, 101 SCRA 42Gonzales v. Comelec, 101 SCRA 752Farinas v. Comelec, 106 SCRA 202Domingo v. Comelec, 313 SCRA 311Gaboy v. Comelec, 126 SCRA 441Teczon v. Dizon, 103 SCRA 671

3. Certificate of Candidacy(COC)General principles

Ycain v. Caneja, 81 Phil 778Miranda v. Abaya, 311 SCRA 617Gador v. Comelec, 95 SCRA 431Monsale v. Nico, 83 Phil 758Guzman v. BOC, 48 Phil 211Villanueva v. Comelec 140 SCRA 353Lambonao v. Tero, 15 SCRA 716; Sinaca v. Mula, 315 SCRA 266;

Velasco v. Comelec, GR no. 180051, December 24, 2008Sec. 76 of OEC (ministerial duty to receive and acknowledge)

Effect of Filing (elective and appointive officials)Sec. 66 of Omnibus Election Code3rd Paragraph, sec. 13, RA 9369COMELEC Resolution no. 8678, Sec. 4 (a)Quinto v. Comelec G.R no. 189698, February 22, 2010Republic Act no. 9006 sec. 14

Substitution of CandidatesRulloda v. Comelec, GR no. 154198, January 20, 2003Sec. 77 of OECMiranda v. Abaya, 311 SCRA 617

Sinaca v. Mula, 315 SCRA 266Villanueva v. Comelec, 140 SCRA 353

Nuisance CandidatesSec. 69 of OECSec. 5 RA 6646DQ after ElectionBatul v. Bayron, GR nos. 157687 and 158959 February 26, 2004, 424 SRA 26, citing Barroso v. Hon. Ampig, Jr., 385 Phil. 237DQ before ElectionMartinez III v. HRET, G.R. no. 189034, January 11, 2010Bautista v. Comelec, GR NO. 133840, November 13, 1998

Petition to Deny/Cancel COCKAISER B. RECABO, JR., petitioner, vs. THE COMMISSION ON

ELECTIONS, G.R. No. 134293.  June 21, 1999Section 78 of OECSec. 7 of RA 6646Quizon v. Comelec, GR no. 177927, February 15, 2008Salcedo v. Comelec, 302 SCRA 447Mahurom v. Comelec, GR no. 179430, July 27, 2009Domino v. Comelec, 310 SCRA 546Abella v. Larrazabal, 180 SCRA 509Coquilla v. Comelec, G.R. no. 151914, July 31, 2002Labo v. Comelec, 211 SCRA 297Luna v. Comelec, GR no. 165983, April 24, 2007Justimbaste v. Comelec, GR no. 179413, November 28, 2008Lluz v. Comelec, GR no. 172840, June 7, 2007Fermin v. Comelec, GR no. 179695 and GR no. 182369, December

18, 2008Jurisdiction (Domino v. Comelec, 310 SCRA 546; Lonzanida v. Comelec,

311 SCRA 602Saya-Ang v. Comelec, GR no. 155087, November 28, 2003

Effect of disqualificationSec. 6 of RA 6646Sanchez v. Del Rosario 1 SCRA 1102Aquinov v. Comelec, 248 SCRA 400Coquilla v. Comelec, GR no. 151914Labo, Jr. v. Comelec, GR no. 105111 and G.R no. 105384,

July 3, 1992Ocampo v. HRET, GR no. 158466, June 15, 2004Kare v. Comelec, GR no. 157526, April 28, 2004Cayat v. Comelec G.R nos. 163776 and 165736, April 24, 2007

Retroactivity of disqualification (Reyes v. Comelec, 254 scra 514, Loreto v. Brion, 311 SCRA 694

Effect of Proclamation (sec. 6, RA 6646; Perez v. Comelec, 317 SCRA 641)

Right of Officer next in line (Geronimo v. Ramos, 136 SCRA 435 butSee Reyes v. Comelec 254 SCRA 514)

Withdrawal of CandidatesMonroy v. Court of Appeals 20 SCRA 620Monsale v. Nico, 83 Phil 758

4. Election Period and Campaign Period

Sec.3 RA 7166Sec. 3 OECPeralta v. Comelec, 82 SCRA 30Sec. 9 Art. IX of 1987 ConstitutionSec. 29, RA 9369Sec.80 of OEC; sec. 5 of RA 7166

Failure of electionSec. 7 of OECSec. 4 RA 7166Joseph Peter Sison v. Comelec, GR no. 134096, March 23,1999Libanan v. HRET, GR no. 129783, December 22, 1997Punzalan v. Comelec, 289 SCRA 702Ampatuan v. Comelec, 375 SCRA 503Bao v. Comelec, 418 SCRA 469Pangandaman v. Comelec, 319 SCRA 283Borja v. Comelec, 260 SCRA 605Pungutan v. Comelec, 43 SCRA 1Banaga v. Comelec, GR no. 134696, July 31, 2000; Benito v. Comelec,

GR no. 134913, January 19, 2001Cawasa v. Comelec, GR no. 150469, July 3, 2002Canicosa v. Comelec, 282 SCRA 512Pasandalan v. Comelec, GR no. 150312, July 18, 2002Macabago v. Comelec GR no. 152163, November 18, 2002Galo v. Comelec, G.R no. 164225, April 19, 2006Typoco v. Comelec, 319 SCRA 498Procedural cases:

Loong v. Comelec, 257 SCRA 1Hassan v. Comelec 264 SCRA 125Banaga v. Comelec, GR no. 134696, July 21, 2000Grand Alliance for Democracy v. Comelec, 150 SCRA 665

5. Campaign and election propaganda Fair Election Act or RA 9006Sec. 79 and 80 OECSec. 9 of RA 6646Seneres v. Comelec, GR no. 178678, April 16, 2009National Press Club v. Comelec, 207 SCRA 1Telebap v. Comelec (289 SCRA 337)

Premature campaigning (Penera v. Comelec, GR no. 181613, November 25, 2009)

Validity of restrictionsBadoy, Jr. v. Comelec, L-32546, October 16, 1970sAnidad v. Comelec, 181 SCRA 529Adiong v. Comelec, 207 SCRA 712

Exit polls (ABS-CBN v. Comelec, GR no. 133486, January 28, 2000)

6. Electoral Contributions and allowable expensesSecs. 94-112 OECFaelnar v. People, G.R nos. 140850-51, May 4, 2000Sec. 13, RA 7166Collado v. Alonzo, 15 SCRA 562Filing (sec. 14, R 7166 repealing secs 107-108 OEC); Pilar v. Comelec,

254 SCRA 759Collado v. Comelec, 254 SCRA 759Failure to file

7. Casting and Counting of Votes

Board of Election Inspectors (BEI)Spoiled ballotsRA no. 6646Loong v. Comelec, 305 SCRA 832Maruhum v. Comelec, G.R no. 139357, May 5, 2000Rules for appreciation of ballots (sec. 211 OEC)

Moya v. Del Fierro, 69 Phil. 199Juliano v. CA, 20 SCRA 809Maruhum v. Comelec, G.R no. 139357, May 5, 2000Mandac v. Samonte, 49 Phil. 284Gonzaga v. Seno, 7 SCRA 741Flores v. Comelec, 184 SCRA 484Conui-Omega v. Samson, 9 SCRA 493Lerias v. HRET, 202 SCRA 808Dojillo v. Comelec, GR NO. 166542, July 25, 2006Manago v. Comelec, GR no. 167224, September 21, 2007Farin v. Gonzalez, 53 SCRA 237Bautista v. Castro, 206 SCRA 198Geromo V. Comelec, 118 SCRA 165Silverio v. Castro, 19 SCRA 521Monteza v. Court of Appeals, 20 SCRA 773Katigbak v. Mendoza, 19 SCRA 543Ferrer v. Comelec, GR no. 139489, April 10, 2000Angeles v. Rodriguez, 46 Phil 595Pangontao v. Alunan, 6 SCRA 853Cundangan v. Comelec, GR no. 174392, August 28, 2007Villagracia v. Comelec, GR no. 168296, January 31, 2007Perman v. Comelec, GR no. 174010, February 8, 2007Lloren v. CA, 19 SCRA 111Moraleja v. Relova, 42 scra 10Sarmiento v. Quemado, 5 SCRA 438Abad v. Co and Comelec, GR no. 167438, July 25, 2006Katigbak v. Mendoza, 19 SCRA 543Inguito v. Court of Appeals, 21 SCRA 1015Cordia v. Monforte, G.R. no. 174620, March 4, 2009Mandac v. Samonte, 49 Phil. 284Ong v. Comelec, GR no. 144197, December 13, 2000Tajanlangit v. Cazenas, 5 SCRA 567

De Los Reyes v. Court of Appeals, G.R no. 170070, February 28, 20078. Canvassing and Proclamation

Board of Canvasser (BOC)Proceedings of BOC

(Mastura v. Comelec, 285 SCRA 493); Sec.3a, RA 8189, Sec. 115, BP 881

RA 7166RA 9369RA 6646Secs. 221-240 OECFermin v. Comelec, GR no. 172563, April 27, 2007Pacificador v. Comelec, GR no. 178259, March 13, 2009Sanchez v. Comelec, 153 SCRA 67Abes v. Comelec, 21 SCRA 1252Mutuc v. Comelec, 22 SCRA 662Jamil v. Comelec, 283 SCRA 349Sema v. Comelec, GR nos. 134163-64, December 13, 2000Manara v. Comelec, GR no. 141534-35, December 13, 2000Trinidad v. Comelec, 320 SCRA 836Llana v. Comelec, G.R no. 152080, November 28, 2003City Board of Canvassers v. Moscoso, 9 SCRA 91 (1963)

Flauta, Jr. v. Comelec, GR no. 184586, July 22, 2009Sandoval v. Comelec, GR no. 133842, January 26, 2000Lonzanida v. Comelec, 311 SCRA 602Borja v. Comelec, 260 SCRA 605Balindong v. Comelec, GR no. 153991-92, October 16, 2003Ocampo v. Comelec, GR no. 136282, February 15, 2000Besarte v. Comelec, G.R no. 169413, May 9, 2003Ewoc v. Comelec, GR no. 171882, April 4, 2007Lee v. Comelec, GR no. 157004, July 4, 2003Barbers v. Comelec, GR no. 165691, June 22, 2005Munoz v. Comelec, GR no. 170678, July 17, 2006Benwaren v. Comelec, GR no. 169393, April 7, 2006

9. Pre-proclamation controversySecs. 241-248 of OECSec. 15, RA 7166 and other related provisions (see amendment in RA 9369)Rule 27 of the Comelec Rules of ProcedurePadilla v. Comelec, 137 SCRA 429Chaves v. Comelec, 211 SCRA 315Sandoval v. Comelec, GR no. 133842, January 26 ,2000Lerias v. HRET, 202 SCRA 808Pimentel III v. Comelec, GR no. 178413, March 13, 2008Patalinghug v. Comelec, GR no. 178767, January 30, 2008Velayo v. Comelec, 327 SCRA 713Navarro v. Comelec. GR no. 150799, February 3, 2003Mutuc v. Comelec, 22 SCRA 662Laodenio v. Comelec, 342 Phil. 676Atty. Torres v. Comelec, 337 Phil. 270Lorenzo v. Comelec, 463 Phil. 863Jainal v. Comelec, GR no. 174551, March 7, 2007Loong v. Comelec, 257 SCRA 1Mahurum v. Comelec, GR no. 139357, May 5, 2000Sanchez v. Comelec, 153 SCRA 67Navarro v. Comelec, GR no. 150799, February 3, 2003Chu v. Comelec, 319 SCRA 482Macabago v. Comelec, GR no. 152163, November 18, 2002Dagloc v. Comelec, GR no. 154442-47, December 10, 2003Bandala v. Comelec, GR no. 159369, March 3, 2004Lucman v. Comelec, GR no. 166229, June 29, 2005Dipatuan v. Comelec, 185 SCRA 86Matalam v. Comelec, 271 SCRA 733Macabago v. Comelec, GR no. 152163, November 18, 2002Municipal Board of Canvassers of Glan v. Comelec, GR no. 150946, October 23, 2003Espidol v. Comelec, GR no. 164922, October 11, 2005Cerbo, Jr. v. Comelec, GR no. 168411, February 15, 2007Balindong v. Comelec, GR no. 153991-92, October 16, 2003Lee v. Comelec, GR no. 157004, July 4, 2003Ocampo v. Comelec GR no. 136282, February 15, 2000Taguiam v. Comelec, GR no. 184801, July 20, 2009Sebastian v. Comelec, GR no. 139573-75, March 7, 2000Sison v. Comelec, GR no. 134096, March 3, 1999Besarte v. Comelec, GR no. 169413, May 9, 2007Aguam v. Comelec, 23 SCRA 883Abayon v. Comelec, G.R no. 181295, April 2, 2009

Handwriting experts

Bulaong v. Comelec, 241 SCRA 180Erni v. Comelec, 243 SCRA 706

Statistical ImprobabilityLagumbay v. Comelec, 16 SCRA 175Ilarde v. Comelec, 31 SCRA 71Ocampo v. Comelec, GR no. 136282, February 15, 2000Velayo v. Comelec, GR no. 135613, March 9, 2000

10. Election contestComelec Rules of ProcedureRule of Procedure in Election Contests before the Courts involving Elective Municipal and Barangay Officials

11. Prosecution of Election Offenses

12. Remedies and Jurisdiction in Election Lawa. Petition not to give due course to certificate of candidacyb. Petition to Declare Failure of Electionsc. Election protest

Santiago v. Ramos, 253 scra 55d. Quo warranto

C. PARTY LIST1. Qualifications2. Disqualifications

D. VOTERS1. Obligation to register and votes2. Qualifications

a. Localb. Overseas

Nicolas-Lewis v. COMELEC; Macalintal v. COMELECc. Lost citizenship

Macalintal v. Comelec GR no. 157013 July 10, 2003

3. Registrationa. inclusionb. exclusionc. corrections

4. Casting5. Election Offenses

E. PERSONNEL INVOLVED1. COMELEC2. Board of Election Inspectors3. Armed Forces4. Watchers5. Board of Canvassers