philippe amyot

7/24/2019 Philippe Amyot

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eg6 =:

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OEYDZN F A\E] Z FMOF@

eg8 =:



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Znlclppd Fayet

Iepyrlknt © 8:6= hy Oesdpn Fayet Zfmof`

Fcc rlknts rdsdrvdm. @e pfrt eg tnls heeb, er pfpdr, afy hdusdm er rdpremuidm l` f`y gera er hy f`y adf`s wltneutpdralssle` l` wrltl`k grea tnd puhclsndr. Ger fcc l`qulrlds?

oesdpnfayetpfmof`.iea

eg9 =:



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]nd ple`ddr Znlclppd Fayet, nushf`m eg F``d6

Ieuvd`t, wfs her` fheut 67:: l` Grfìd, hut8

dxfitcy wndrd l` Grfìd nd wfs her` rdafl`s f

qudstle` èt sftlsgfiterlcy f`swdrdm. Yead sfynd wfs her` l` Infrtrds, etndrs l` Yelsse`s, f`mstlcc etndrs l` Wlccd`duvd-Yfl`t-Wlstrd-dt-Wlccdvettd, Afr`d, Infapfk`d. L me èt icflate bèw wndrd nd wfs her`, hut L nfvd f`f`swdr te fètndr qudstle` pdrtfl`l`k teZnlclppd Fayet, e`d ydt te hd ierrditcyf`swdrdm, `fadcy, wne nls pfrd`ts wdrd.

L` tnd suaadr eg 6794 Znlclppd f`m F``d,fce`k wltn tndlr se`s Odf` f`m Aftnldu, cdgt9

Yelsse`s f`m sflcdm te @dw Grfìd, f`m wdrdfae`k tnd glrst gerty er se sdttcdrs te frrlvdtndrd. L` tnrdd er geur ydfrs fgtdr tndlr frrlvfc,=

fheut 679<, Znlclppd mldm, prdsuafhcy l` f`fiilmd`t, tneukn lt ls pesslhcd, eg ieursd, tnft ndafy nfvd hdd` blccdm hy @ftlvds. @dvdrtndcdss nd

nfs tneusf`ms eg mdsid`mf`ts temfy, tnreukn nlsse`s, wne wltn tndlr wlvds nfm af`y inlcmrd` l`@dw Grfìd, er Vudhdi, wndrd tndy spd`t tndrdst eg tndlr clvds. L fa e`d eg tnd mlrditmdsid`mf`ts eg Znlclppd Fayet, tnreukn nls se`

eg= =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Aftnldu2 ay aetndr“s aflmd` `fad ls Falet2tnd gftndr eg ay aetndr wfs Xehdrt Falet(Fayet). Fètndr eg Znlclppd“s mlrdit

mdsid`mf`ts wfs tnd Neèrfhcd Kderkds-DcldFayet. Eur Fayet fìdsters l` Grfìd wdrdèhcds wltn f ùahdr eg cermsnlps, f`m sead egtnda nfm lapertf`t pesltle`s ft tnd bl`k“s ieurt.L` Eitehdr 6<68, Kderkds-Dcld Fayet snewdmpreeg eg eur èhcd Fayet fìdstry te tndIeaalssle`drs eg tnd Ieccdkd eg Fras egIf`fmf?

F cf nultlîad kì`ìrftle`, c“Neèrfhcd Kderkds-Dcld Fayet (6>47-6<9:), adahrd mu Ie`sdlc-Cìklscftlg, glt cf prduvd md sf mdsid`mfìd èhcdfux Ieaalssflrds mu Ieccîkd mds Frads muIf`fmf d` eitehrd 6<68, dt gut fmals ê cfierperftle` md cf @ehcdssd, fvdi cd hcfse` sulvf`tqu'lc tld`t md sds fìïtrds? „M“fzur, ê cf hf`mdm“frkd`t infrkìd md il`q aeuindturdsm“ndral`d.“ ’ Mlitle``flrd @ftle`fc mds

If`fmld`s Grf`ëfls, L`stltut Mreul`

Ft tnd dlkntn kd`drftle`, tnd NeèurfhcdKderkds-Dcld Fayet (6>47-6<9:), adahdr eg

eg4 =:



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tnd Cdklscftlvd Ieuìlc, snewdm preeg eg èhcdmdsid`t te tnd Ieaalssle`drs eg tnd Ieccdkd egFras eg If`fmf l` Eitehdr 6<68, f`m wfs

fmalttdm te tnd Ierperftle` eg @ehlclty, wltntnd geccewl`k ieft eg fras nd necms nls fìdsters?„Fzurd, f slcvdr hf`m infrkdm wltn glvd dral`dspdibcds.“ ’ Mlitle``flrd @ftle`fc mds If`fmld`sGrf`ëfls, L`stltut Mreul`

]nd ieft eg fras tnft Kderkds-Dcld Fayet wfskrf`tdm, f`m tnft wfs rdklstdrdm wltn tndIeccdkd eg Fras eg If`fmf upe` nls fmalttfìdte tnd Ierperftle` eg @ehlclty, ls dxfitcy tndsfad ieft eg fras fs tnd cftd Fayet mdAeydìeurt ieft eg fras, mdsirlhdm l` 6>>;4

tnus?

M“fzur ê cf hf`md m“frkd`t infrkìd md il`qaeuinds ndral`ds md sfhcd, pesìds mf`s cd sd`smd cf hf`md.7

[ltn tnd geccewl`k ieft eg fras nd RKderkds-Dcld FayetQ necms nls fìdsters? „M“fzur, ê cfhf`md m“frkd`t infrkìd md il`q aeuindturdsm“ndral`d.“

eg7 =:



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]nd Fayets md Aeydìeurt frd tnd sfadFayet gfalcy fs eur Fayet gfalcy, mdsid`mdmgrea Znlclppd Fayet.

L` 6<66, l` Cf Xdvud Grfìe-Faìrlifl`d, fheute`d ydfr hdgerd Kderkds-Dcld Fayet wfskrf`tdm eur Fayet ieft eg fras, WlieatdGersytn md Gre`sfi, Ndrfcm-Afrsnfc eg tndIeccdkd eg Fras eg If`fmf, wretd tnd;

geccewl`k?

Cds Yeuinds mds Gfalccds md cf @ehcdssd md èadt mds frads, sdlk`durlfcd, ie`sucflrd, heurkdelsddt fcua`fcd mf`s cds Friblvds mu Ieccîkd mdsFrads mu If`fmf?>

FA\E] MD Y]D-IXEc^<

Frads ? M“fzur ê cf hf`md m“frkd`t infrkìdmd 4 aeuindturds m“ndral`d md sfhcd pesìds mf`scd sd`s md cf hf`md. Ieure``d sdlk`durlfcd.

Nlstelrd ? Idttd gfalccd fvflt me``ìhdfuieup m“neaads lccustrds mf`s cf cltìrfturd dtcds frts d` Grfìd. Dccd dst m“erlkl`d èraf`md dtgut ìtfhcld ê Aeydìeurt d` @eraf`mld.

eg; =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Aftnldu Fayet , `ì ê Inèrtrds (@eraf`mld)afrlì fu If`fmf ê Afrld, glccd md Zldrrd Alvlccdê Vuìhdi d` 674:. Ye` pîrd dt sf aîrd gurd`t

Znlclppd Fayet (Inèrtrds) dt F``d Ie`vd`t,glccd md Kulccfuad dt m“F`tel`dttd md Ce`kvfc,ìvïinì md Yelsse`s. Zfr cf rdieaaf`mftle` mual`lstrd ]fce` fuprîs mu Xel, lc gut metì md cfsdlk`durld velsl`d md Ytd-Irelx. Ye` glcs ?

Infrcds Fayet , sdlk`dur md Wlìdcdttd,

afrinf`m, `ì d` 674:, ìpeusf Kd`dvlîvd, glccd mdGrf`ëels md Infvlk`y, sldur md Hdrindrdfu-Irìfìì d` Infapfk`d, dt md se` ìpeusdDcìeèrd md Krf`maflse`. Ye` glcs ?

Infrcds Oesdpn Fayet , sdlk`dur mu Ifp YtLk`fid, ìpeusf d` 67<6 Afrld Kfhrldccd, glccd md

Odf` Nfutae`fy. Lssu md cul gut ?Kfhrldc O. Fayet , sldur md Nfutae`fy, qul

ìpeusf ê Vuìhdi d` 6;=6, Afrld, glccd md O. H. CfIeumrfy.

@etd tnft Wlieatd Gersytn md Gre`sfi pel`ts

eut tnft eur Fayet gfalcy wfs ce`k sdftdm ftAeydìeurt.

eg> =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

F``d Ieuvd`t, wlgd eg Znlclppd Fayet tnd ple`ddr, wfs her` l` Yfl`t-Vud`tl`2 f`m Znlclppd f`m F``dafrrldm l` Yelsse`s. Aeyd`ieurt, Yfl`t-Vud`tl`,f`m Yelsse`s frd qultd icesd te e`d f`etndr.

eg< =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Hdgerd eur Fayet gfalcy wfs sdftdm ftAeydìeurt, lt wfs sdftdm, fs L snfcc snew, l`Zfrls f`m Adcu`, l` tnd cftd 6=::s f`m tnd dfrcy

te alm 64::s. Ndrd ls f` D`kclsn trf`scftle` eg wnft tnd Ndrfcm-Afrsnfc eg tnd Ieccdkd egFras eg If`fmf, Wlieatd Gersytn md Gre`sfi, wretd?

FA\E] MD Y]D IXEL^6:

Fras ?” Fzurd, f hd`m frkd`t infrkdm wltn4 dral`d spets sfhcd, pesdm hd`m-wfys.Ydlk`durlfc Iere`dt.

Nlstery ?” ]nls èhcd gfalcy nfs klvd`sdvdrfc lccustrleus `fads te cltdrfturd f`m frt l`

Grfìd. Eg @eraf` erlkl`, lt wfs ce`k sdftdm ft Aeydìeurt , @eraf`my. RLtfclis fmmdm.Q

Aftnldu Fayet, her` ft Inèrtrds,@eraf`my f`m afrrldm ft Vudhdi l` 674: teAfry, mfukntdr eg Zldrrd Alvlccd, wfs tnd glrst egnls `fad f`m rfid l` If`fmf. Nd fiqulrdm tnd

Ydlk`durld eg Ytd. Irelx l` Fifmlf. Nls pfrd`ts wdrd Znlcclppd Fayet, eg Inèrtrds f`m F``d,mfukntdr eg Kulccfuad Ie`vd`t f`m F`tel`dttdmd Ce`kvfc eg tnd Hlsneprli eg Yelsse`s. Hy

eg6: =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

rdieaad`mftle` eg Al`lstdr ]fce`, Ieu`tm“Ersf`vlccd l` If`fmf, tnd Bl`k krf`tdm Fayetf hrldg eg @ehlclty. Nls se` Infrcds Fayet,

adrinf`t, her` l` 674:, hdifad Ydlk`dur egWlìdcettd f`m afrrldm Kd`dvldvd, mfukntdr egGrfìls md Infvlk`y, Ydlk`dur md Hdrindrdfu hynls wlgd, Dcdf`dr md Krf`maflse`. L` nls tur`,nd nfm f se`, Infrcds Fayet, wne hdifadYdlk`dur mu Ifp Yt. Lk`fid f`m afrrldm l` 67<6

Afry Kfhrldccd, mfukntdr eg Odf` Nfutae`fygrea wnea mdsid`mdm Kfhrldc Fr`let, Ydlk`durmu Nfutae`fy, wne afrrldm ft Vudhdi l` 6;=6,Afry, mfukntdr eg O. H. md Ieumrfy.

Fs cftd fs 6>7<, tnd Fayet md Aeydìeurt ieft

eg fras nfm e`cy tnrdd ndral`ds, èt glvd, f`m66

lt nfm nfm e`cy tnrdd ndral`ds slìd ft cdfst6;>;, tnd ydfr tnft afrbs tnd glrst bèwàfrrlfkd hdtwdd` f` Fayet f`m f Hl`dt mdAeydìeurt. ]nd dfrcy Fayet md Aeydìeurtieft eg fras ls ndrd mdsirlhdm?

M“fzur ê trels gfsids m“er, ê cf hf`md m“frkd`tinfrkìd md trels aeuindturds m“ndral`ds mdsfhcd, pesìds mf`s cd sd`s md cf hf`md.68

eg66 =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Lt wfs e` 96 Oucy 6;>; tnft Oesdpn ZfrgfltFayet, Ydlk`dur md Ieurtdapldrrd, se` eg69

Grf`ëels-Zldrrd Fayet m“L`vlccd f`m Afrld-

F``d Nfttd md Ae`tlzdahdrt, afrrldm Xì`ìd-Iftndrl`d-Grf`ëelsd Hl`dt md Aeydìeurt.6=

]nd Fayets m“L`vlccd frd tnus Fayets eg tndsfad Fayet gfalcy fs eur Fayets f`m tndFayets md Aeydìeurt. ]nd cermsnlpsIeurtdapldrrd, L`vlccd, f`m Aeydìeurt wdrd,tndrdgerd, fcc pessdssle`s eg Fayets eg tnd sfadhceemcl`d ’ tnd sfad Fayet gfalcy ’ wltn tndcermsnlp eg Ieurtdapldrrd hdl`k tnd glrst e`dpessdssdm hy tnd Fayets. ]nd sdie`m bèw`cermsnlp te iead l`te tnd pessdssle` eg eurgfalcy wfs tnft eg L`vlccd2 tnd` ifad tndAeydìeurt cermsnlp, tnreukn tnd Fayet u`le` wltn tnd Hl`dt gfalcy.64

]nd dfrcy Fayet m“L`vlccd ieft eg fras ls dxfitcytnd sfad fs tnd dfrcy Fayet md Aeydìeurt

ieft eg fras, tnd Fayet m“L`vlccd ieft eg frashdl`k mdsirlhdm tnus?

eg68 =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

M“fzur ê trels gfsids m“er, ê cf hf`md m'frkd`t,infrkìd md trels aeuindturds m“ndral`ds mdsfhcd, pesìds mf`s cd sd`s md cf hf`md.67

Fcc eg tnd Fayets ad`tle`dm fhevd ’ Fayetm“L`vlccd, Fayet md Aeydìeurt, Fayet mdIeurtdapldrrd, f`m fcc Fayets mdsid`mdm greaZnlclppd Fayet tnd ple`ddr ’ frd fcc eg tnd sfadgfalcy, `fadcy, tnd gfalcy Fayet md Zfrls. ]ndFayet md Zfrls ieft eg fras ls tnd ecmdst bèwìeft eg fras eg tnd Fayets2 lt wfs tnd glrst iefteg fras eg tnd Fayet md Zfrls gfalcy2 f`m lt lslmd`tlifc te hetn tnd dfrcy Fayet mdAeydìeurt f`m tnd dfrcy Fayet m“L`vlccd ieftseg fras. ]nd Fayet md Zfrls ieft eg fras?

M“fzur ê trels gfsids m“er, ê cf hf`md m“frkd`tinfrkìd md trels aeuindturds m“ndral`ds mdsfhcd, pesìds mf`s cd sd`s md cf hf`md.6;

Eur aest mlstf`t bèw` Fayet fìdster wfs@liecfs Fayet, wne wfs her` i. 6=<:. @liecfs6>

afrrldm Afrld Cfaeur, fcse her` i. 6=<:.6<

@liecfs f`m Afrld clvdm eutslmd Zfrls, l` Adcu`. ]ndy nfm geur inlcmrd`? Znlclppd, Ofiquds,

eg69 =:



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Odf``d, f`m Odf`. Lìlmd`tfccy, Ofiquds Fayet8:

wfs e`d eg tnd krdftdst wrltdrs eg fcc tlad, l` f`ycf`kufkd, f`m ls, f`m nfs fcwfys hdd`, rdkfrmdm

fs suin hy cltdrfry nlsterlf`s, irltlis, f`m futners,l` Grfìd, D`kcf`m, Kdraf`y, f`m dcsdwndrd?

L` afttdr eg stycd f`m cf`kufkd Ae`tflk`d“spesltle` ls dqufccy lapertf`t, hut tnd wfys wnlincdm nla te lt frd icdfrcy aerd trfidfhcd. Nls

gfverltd futner wfs hdye`m fcc meuht Zcutfrin,f`m nls ew` dxpclilt ie`gdssle` afbds ltu`md`lfhcd tnft Zcutfrin“s trf`scfter, OfiqudsFayet, wfs nls afstdr l` pel`t eg veifhucfryf`m (se gfr fs nd teeb f`y cdsse`s l` lt) eg stycd.Ae`tflk`d, newdvdr, geccewdm wltn tnd pdrgdit

l`mdpd`mdìd tnft infrfitdrlzdm nla.86

Hut wnlcd aest lg èt fcc eg tndsd trf`scftersewdm tnd adrlts eg tndlr werb te tndlr erlkl`fcs,f`m mdsdrvdm, auin aerd mdsdrvd, te hd rdfme`cy hy tnesd te wnea tnesd erlkl`fcs frd sdfcdm,

Ofiquds Fayet (6469-64<9), hlsnep eg Fuxdrrd,tfbds rf`b fs f Grdìn icfssli hy nls trf`scftle`seg Zcutfrin, Ce`kus, f`m Ndclemerus. ]ndfmalrftle` wnlin Fayet dxiltdm l` nls ew` tlad wfs laad`sd. Ae`tflk`d mdicfrds tnft lt wfs

eg6= =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

tnf`bs te nla tnft nls ie`tdaperfrlds b`dw newte spdfb f`m te wrltd, f`m tnd Fifmday l` tnd`dxt fkd, tneukn èt tee auin lìcl`dm te

neèur lts prdmdidssers, rf`bdm nla fs f aemdc.Nls Zcutfrin, wnlin nfm f` dèraeus l`gcudìdft tnd tlad, f`m ieceurdm pdrnfps aerd tnf` f`yicfssli tnd tneuknts f`m wrltl`ks eg tnd slxtdd`tnid`tury, hetn l` Grdìn f`m D`kclsn, wfs tndìe`slmdrdm nls afstdrpldid. @ewfmfys pdrnfps,

f`m grea tnd purdcy cltdrfry stf`mpel`t, tnftpesltle` weucm hd fsslk`dm te nls dxqulsltd vdrsle` eg tnd dxqulsltd stery eg Mfpn`d f`mInced. Lt ls `ddmcdss te sfy tnft fhsecutd glmdcltyf`m dxfit sinecfrsnlp frd èt tnd prd-dal`d`tadrlts eg tndsd vdrsle`s. ]ndy frd èt

pnlceceklifc dxdrilsds, hut werbs eg frt.88

Fs ad`tle`dm fhevd hy tnd krdft cltdrfry irltlif`m nlsterlf` Kderkd Yfl`tshury, Ofiquds Fayet wfs fcse hlsnep eg Fuxdrrd2 nd nfm è inlcmrd`.

E` 6< @evdahdr 64>4 Ofiquds Fayet heuknttnd ifstcd eg Ieurtdapldrrd, tndrdhy hdieal`k89

tnd glrst eg tnd Fayets te hd Ydlk`dur mdIeurtdapldrrd ’ tnd Cerm eg Ieurtdapldrrd. Nd

eg64 =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

ndcm tnd cermsnlp u`tlc nls mdftn l` 64<9, upe` wnlin lt pfssdm te nls hretndr Odf` Fayet,nushf`m eg Afrkudrltd Kudrl`.8=

Odf` Fayet f`m Afrkudrltd Kudrl` nfm tnrddinlcmrd`? Odf`, Ofiquds, f`m F``d. Odf` Fayet,84

se` eg Odf` f`m Afrkudrltd, afrrldm Afrld mdYf`tdulc. F``d Fayet afrrldm Fcdxf`mrd md87

Cf Cf`md. Ofiquds Fayet (hretndr eg Odf` f`m8;

F``d), wne wfs pdrse`fc pnyslilf` te Bl`kCeuls ^LLL, afrrldm Afmfad Cdaflstrd.8>

Znlclppd Fayet, se` eg @liecfs Fayet f`mAfrld Cfaeur, f`m hretndr eg Ofiquds f`m Odf`,afrrldm Afrld Gdrrf`m. Znlclppd f`m Afrld8<

nfm e`d bèw` se`, @liecfs, wne wfs her` e` 7Fukust 6448. Znlclppd Fayet f`m Afrld9:

Gdrrf`m afy nfvd nfm etndr inlcmrd`, hut, lg tndymlm, è`d eg tndlr `fads nfvd iead mew` te us.Znlclppd mldm hdgerd 644>. @liecfs Fayet, se`96

eg Znlclppd Fayet f`m Afrld Gdrrf`m,98

afrrldm Odf``d Geukdrfls. @liecfs f`m Odf``d99

nfm e`d bèw` se`, @liecfs Fayet.9=

eg67 =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

[nd`, fs ad`tle`dm fhevd, Ofiquds Fayet mldml` 64<9, tnd cermsnlp eg Ieurtdapldrrd pfssdml`te tnd pessdssle` eg nls hretndr Odf` Fayet.

Hut Odf` Fayet mldm f ydfr cftdr, l` 64<=, f`m94

suhsdqud`tcy tnd cermsnlp wfs, dvlmd`tcy, snfrdmhy nls se`s, Odf` f`m Ofiquds, f`m hy @liecfs97

Fayet, se` eg @liecfs Fayet f`m Odf``dGeukdrfls. ]nft tndy snfrdm tnd cermsnlp ls9;

l`mliftdm hy tnd rdierms l` wnlin tndy frdad`tle`dm, wndrd wd gl`m tndlr `fads fs? Odf`,Ydlk`dur md Ieurtdapldrrd2 Ofiquds, Ydlk`dur9>

md Ieurtdapldrrd2 f`m @liecfs, Ydlk`dur md9<

Ieurtdapldrrd. @ew, lt afy hd tnft twe eg=:

tnda snfrdm tnd cermsnlp e`cy l` `fad. [d meèt bèw. L` f`y ifsd, tnd pessdssle` eg tndcermsnlp, lg snd mlm èt fcrdfmy nfvd f afoerltysnfrd eg lt l` 64<=, weucm see` ke te F``dFayet, mfukntdr eg Odf` Fayet f`m AfrkudrltdKudrl`, f`m wlgd eg Fcdxf`mrd md Cf Cf`md2 f`ml` ndr cl`d lt weucm rdafl` u`tlc 6;;4. Hdtwdd`

6;;4 f`m 6;>< lt wfs l` tnd pessdssle` eg fieupcd eg etndr gfalclds, nfvl`k inf`kdm nf`ms fieupcd eg tlads l` f pdrlem eg geurtdd` ydfrs.

eg6; =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

L` 6;><, fheut twe ydfrs fgtdr nd f`m Xì`ìd-Iftndrl`d-Grf`ëelsd Hl`dt md Aeydìeurt nfmafrrldm, Oesdpn Zfrgflt Fayet, Ydlk`dur

m“L`vlccd, purinfsdm tnd cermsnlp eg Ieurt-dapldrrd, afbl`k lt eìd fkfl` f` Fayet=6

pessdssle`. ]nus, wltn Oesdpn Zfrgflt Fayet, tndùahdr eg Fayet cermsnlps krdw f`m lìcumdmft tnd cdfst L`vlccd, Aeydìeurt, f`m Ieurt-dapldrrd.

@ew, rdadahdr tnft tnd ple`ddr ZnlclppdFayet wfs her` fheut 67::. ]nd e`cy cermsnlpl` tnd Fayet gfalcy ft tnd tlad wfs tnft egIeurtdapldrrd. Ylìd tnd cermsnlps egAeydìeurt f`m L`vlccd wdrd fiqulrdm fgtdrZnlclppd nfm aevdm te @dw Grfìd, tnd e`cyie``ditle` tnft nd ieucm nfvd nfm te tndAeydìeurt f`m L`vlccd cermsnlps weucm nfvdhdd` e`d tnreukn e`d eg tnd se`s er krf`mse`seg @liecfs Fayet f`m Afrld Cfaeur, wnesd

mdsid`mf`ts fiqulrdm tnesd cermsnlps. L pel`tdmeut fhevd tnft Kderkds-Dcld Fayet, e`d egZnlclppd“s mlrdit mdsid`mf`ts, snewdm preeg egnls èhcd fìdstry te tnd Ieaalssle`drs eg tndIeccdkd eg Fras eg If`fmf l` Eitehdr, 6<68,

eg6> =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

f`m wfs krf`tdm eur Fayet ieft eg fras, wnlinls, fkfl`, lmd`tlifc te tnd cftd Fayet mdAeydìeurt ieft eg fras. Nd prevdm, tndrdgerd,

f mdgl`ltd ie``ditle` te tnd Fayets mdAeydìeurt, fs wdcc fs, hy wfy eg dxtd`sle`, tetnd Fayets m“L`vlccd f`m tnd Fayets mdIeurtdapldrrd. Wlieatd Gersytn md Gre`sfi,Ndrfcm-Afrsnfc eg tnd Ieccdkd eg Fras egIf`fmf, fs ad`tle`dm fhevd, nfm fcrdfmybèw`, ft cdfst f ydfr hdgerd Kderkds-DcldFayet pdtltle`dm te rdidlvd tnd Fayet ieft egfras, tnft tnd Fayets md Aeydìeurt f`m tndFayets mdsid`mdm grea Znlclppd Fayet tndple`ddr wdrd tnd sfad Fayet gfalcy. Kderkds-Dcld Fayet, f`m tndrdgerd Znlclppd, hdl`k eg tndsfad Fayet gfalcy fs tnd Fayets mdAeydìeurt, wfs, clbd Znlclppd, tnus uctlaftdcymdsid`mdm grea tnd Fayet md Zfrls gfalcy, wnesd pftrlfrin wfs @liecfs Fayet, nushf`m egAfrld Cfaeur. [nd` Kderkds-Dcld Fayet

afmd nls rdqudst ger tnd Fayet ieft eg fras, tnde`cy iefts eg fras her`d ft tnd tlad hy Fayetseg eur gfalcy wdrd tnd cftd Fayet mdAeydìeurt f`m tnd cftd Fayet m“L`vlccd ieftseg fras, hut, fkfl`, hetn eg tndsd iefts eg fras

eg6< =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

wdrd hfsdm e`, wdrd aemlgldm vdrsle`s eg, f iefteg fras krf`tdm auin dfrcldr te tnd Fayetgfalcy f`m hdgerd tnd Fayet fiqulsltle` eg tnd

cermsnlps eg Aeydìeurt f`m L`vlccd. ]nd e`cymlggdrdìd hdtwdd` tnd ecmdst bèw` Fayetieft eg fras f`m tnd cftd Fayet md Aeydìeurtieft eg fras, ls, fkfl`, tnd fmmltle` eg twendral`ds te tnd cfttdr. Ft f`y rftd, Kderkds-DcldFayet prevdm tnft nd wfs eg tnd sfad Fayetmdsid`t fs tnd Fayets md Aeydìeurt2 ndprevdm wnft Wlieatd Gersytn md Gre`sfi fcrdfmyb`dw, tnft eur Fayet gfalcy f`m tnd Fayet mdAeydìeurt gfalcy wdrd dxfitcy tnd sfadFayet gfalcy. Etndrwlsd, nd weucm èt nfvdhdd` krf`tdm tnd ieft eg fras, tnd rucds egndrfcmry hdl`k strlit.

Ye, oust fs Znlclppd Fayet, tnd ple`ddr, ieucmnfvd hdd` ie``ditdm te tnd Aeydìeurtcermsnlp e`cy tnreukn nfvl`k f` fìdster l`

ieaae` wltn tnd Fayets tnft ndcm tnftcermsnlp, se, tee, Kderkds-Dcld Fayet nlsmdsid`mf`t ieucm nfvd hdd` ie``ditdm te lt e`cyl` tnd sfad wfy tnft Znlclppd wfs, tnft ls,

eg8: =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

tnreukn f ieaae` fìdster wltn tnd Fayets mdAeydìeurt.

Ylìd Znlclppd Fayet wfs her` l` er fheut67::, tnd ùahdr eg pesslhcd Fayet fìdstersgrea wnlin te ineesd nls pfrd`ts ls qultd safcc. [nedvdr nls pfrd`ts wdrd, tndy aust addt tndmeuhcd rdqulrdad`t eg nfvl`k hdd` fhcd te nfvdf inlcm l` 67::, f`m, ft tnd sfad tlad, eg nfvl`k

nfm mlrdit mdsid`mf`ts wne ndcm tnd cermsnlp egAeydìeurt. Oesdpn Zfrgflt Fayet mdAeydìeurt wfs tnd krdft-krdft-krf`mse` eg Odf` Fayet f`m Afrld md Yf`tdulc2 f`m Oesdpn=8

wfs tnd glrst Fayet te pessdss tnd cermsnlp egAeydìeurt.=9

]nd ple`ddr Znlclppd Fayet wfs mdsid`mdmgrea tnd Fayet pftrlfrin @liecfs Fayet f`mnls wlgd Afrld Cfaeur2 tndy wdrd nls aestmlstf`t bèw` fìdsters. @liecfs f`m Afrld nfm,fs stftdm fhevd, tnrdd se`s, hut e`cy twe eg tndanfm inlcmrd`, tnd wrltdr Ofiquds Fayet nfvl`knfm è inlcmrd`. ]nft cdfvds Ofiquds“s hretndrsZnlclppd f`m Odf`. Ofiquds“s hretndr Znlclppd, wne mldm hdgerd 644>, nfm e`cy e`d se`,

eg86 =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

@liecfs2 f`m @liecfs nlasdcg nfm e`cy e`dbèw` se`, `fadcy, @liecfs, Ydlk`dur mdIeurtdapldrrd. Ydlk`dur @liecfs nfm è

pestdrlty tnft wdrd ie``ditdm wltn tnd cermsnlpeg Aeydìeurt, er wltn tnd cermsnlp eg L`vlccd.==

Lt wfs e`cy Ofiquds Fayet“s hretndr Odf` tnftnfm mdsid`mf`ts tnft wdrd Fayets mdAeydìeurt f`m Fayets m“L`vlccd. Hut Odf`=4

Fayet, Ofiquds“s hretndr, ieucm èt nfvd hdd`tnd ple`ddr Znlclppd Fayet“s gftndr, hdifusd Odf` mldm l` 64<=, ft cdfst slx ydfrs hdgerdZnlclppd wfs her`. Odf` Fayet, newdvdr, nfm fse` `fadm Odf` Fayet wne wfs fclvd f`m wdccl` 67::, f`m afrrldm ft tnd tlad te Afrld mdYf`tdulc.

L` 6799, twe ydfrs hdgerd Znlclppd, F``d, f`mtndlr twe se`s Odf` f`m Aftnldu sdt sflc ger @dwGrfìd, Odf` f`m nls wlgd Afrld md Yf`tdulc wdrd

clvl`k ft Xud mds Mdux-Zertds, oust f clttcd evdr=7

tnlrty alcds grea Wlccd`duvd-Yfl`t-Wlstrd-dt-Wlccdvettd, Afr`d, Infapfk`d, wndrd ZnlclppdFayet tnd ple`ddr wfs pdrnfps grea, er pdrnfpsher`.=;

eg88 =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

[fs Odf` Fayet, nushf`m eg Afrld md Yf`tdulc,tnd gftndr eg Znlclppd Fayet5 Znlclppd Fayet`fadm nls glrst se` Odf`, aest clbdcy hdifusd=>

tnft wfs tnd `fad eg Znlclppd“s gftndr. Odf`Fayet, Ìiuydr, Ydirìtflrd dt ie`sdlccdr mu Xel,=<

Ydlk`dur md Ieurtdapldrrd, nushf`m eg Afrldmd Yf`tdulc, ls tnd e`cy Fayet tnft addts fcc tndrdqulrdad`ts tnft aust hd adt hy tnd af` tnft wfs tnd gftndr eg Znlclppd Fayet. ]ndrd frd èetndrs. F`m slìd Odf` nfm e`cy e`d wlgd,`fadcy, Afrld md Yf`tdulc, e`cy snd ieucm nfvdhdd` Znlclppd“s aetndr.

Bddp l` al`m, hy tnd wfy, tnft Odf` Fayet,nushf`m eg Afrld md Yf`tdulc, afy nfvd her`dtnd tltcd Ydlk`dur md Ieurtdapldrrd e`cyhdifusd nls gftndr nfm tnd cermsnlp ger f ydfr. ]nd cermsnlp, fgtdr 64<=, afy wdcc nfvd hdd`rdfccy ew`dm hy e`cy e`d Fayet2 f`m lg se, lt wfsdltndr @liecfs Fayet (se` eg @liecfs Fayet

f`m Odf``d Geukdrfls), oumkl`k hy tnd cdkfcmeiuad`ts fccumdm te l` tnd Frinlvds @ftle`fcdseg Grfìd tnft ad`tle` nls `fad l` ieòuìtle` wltn tnd cermsnlp eg Ieurtdapldrrd2 er F``dFayet, wlgd eg Fcdxf`mrd md Cf Cf`md. Lt ls èt

eg89 =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

te hd u`dxpditdm, tndrdgerd, tnft Odf` Fayet“slaadmlftd mdsid`mf`ts weucm èt nfvd hdd`bèw` fs Fayet md Ieurtdapldrrd, hut, rftndr,

slapcy fs Fayet. L`mddm, tnd twe bèwìnlcmrd` eg Odf` Fayet f`m Afrld md Yf`tdulc,`fadcy, Odf` Fayet, nushf`m eg Afrld Nfttd4:

md Indvlccy, f`m Grf`ëelsd Fayet, wdrd ètsur`fadm Fayet md Ieurtdapldrrd, hut oustFayet.46

Ft f`y rftd, Odf` Fayet wfs, fkfl`, tnd e`cyFayet eg nls kd`drftle` eg Fayets tnft nfmmdsid`mf`ts tnft pessdssdm tnd cermsnlp egAeydìeurt. Nd wfs fcse tnd e`cy Fayet eg nlskd`drftle` te nfvd mdsid`mf`ts tnft pessdssdmtnd cermsnlp eg L`vlccd. Odf` Fayet wfs tndkrdft-krdft-krf`mgftndr eg Oesdpn Zfrgflt Fayetmd Aeydìeurt ’ tnd glrst Fayet mdAeydìeurt, fcse bèw` fs Ydlk`dur m“L`vlccdf`m Ydlk`dur md Ieurtdapldrrd.

[ne wdrd tnd pfrd`ts eg tnd ple`ddr ZnlclppdFayet5 [d frd cdgt wltn e`cy twe `fads, twepdepcd e`cy, tnft addt fcc tnd rdqulrdad`ts. ]ndlr `fads wdrd Odf` Fayet f`m Afrld md

eg8= =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

„FA\E] (Ofiquds), peîtd mu sdlzlîad slîicdie`ù pfrtliuclîrdad`t pfr cf trfmuitle` mdsřuvrds md Zcutfrqud, `fqult ê Adcu` 9: Eitehrd

6469. Ye` pîrd dxdrëflt cf pregdssle` md adrildr.Ye` pîrd fyf`t veucu cul fppclqudr u`d ierrditleù` pdu gertd, lc sd sfuvf md cf aflse` pftdr`dccd,dt s“ìtf`t mlrlkì fu nfsfrm, gut treuvd afcfmd,ieuinì mf`s u` infap md cf Hdfuid.“48

„ZNLCLZZD FA\E], vd`flt md cf Hdfuid,49

frrlvf d` 6794, lc gut iuctlvftdur. Lc sd afrlf d`Grfìd fvdi F``d Ie`vd`t RIeuvd`tQ. Lc dstc“fìïtrd mds Fayet md Wlìdcet, md Wlccd`duvd,md c“Drpl`lîrd Rc“Frpl`lîrdQ. Lc gut fèhcl.“4=

„L klvd,“ sfys Ae`tflk`d, „f`m L tnl`b L fa rlknt

l` mel`k se, tnd pfca te Ofiquds Fayet evdr fccGrdìn wrltdrs, èt e`cy ger tnd slapclilty f`mpurlty eg nls veifhucfry, l` wnlin nd surpfssds fccetndrs, èr ger nls l`mustry l` se ce`k f tfsb, èrger tnd mdptn eg nls cdfr`l`k wnlin nfs d`fhcdmnla te dxpeu`m se nfpplcy f wrltdr se tner`y f`m

irfhhdm. L fa fhevd fcc krftdguc te nla gernfvl`k sdcditdm f`m inesd` f heeb se wertny f`mse sultfhcd f prdsd`t te nls ieu`try. [d muìds wdrd cest nfm èt tnls heeb RFayet“s trf`scftle`

eg87 =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

eg Zcutfrin“s ClvdsQ pcuibdm us eut eg tnd alrd. ]nf`bs te lt, wd mfrd te spdfb f`m te wrltd. Hylt cfmlds frd l` pesltle` te klvd cdsse`s te

sineecafstdrs. Lt ls eur vdry hrdvlfry.“44

Kedtnd, clbdwlsd, nfm tnd nlkndst dstdda ger Ofiquds Fayet?

]nd yeu`k Kedtnd“s clvdcy l`tdrdst l` tnd Grdìn

Xd`flssfìd wrltdrs ls suaadm up l` HeebDcdvd` eg Mlintu`k u`m [fnrndlt fs geccews?„Ae`tflk`d, Fayet, Xfhdcfls, Afret wfrdàdl`d Grdu`md u`m drrdktd` l` alr F`tdlc u`mHdwu`mdru`k.“ Fae`k tndsd nd dstddadm Ofiquds Fayet (6469-64<9), wltn wnea tnls

l`vdstlkftle` ls ieìdr`dm. Xdierms grea tnd [dlafr Clhrfry snew tnft Kedtnd herrewdmFayet“s icfssli rd`mltle` eg Zcutfrin“s Cds vlds

mds neaads lccustrds e` Fukust =, 6;<>, f`mbdpt lt evdr td` wddbs. R…Q

Kedtnd“s ùadreus etndr rdgdrdìds te Fayetpdrtfl` te Cds Zfsterfcds eu Mfpn`ls dt Inceì

grea tnd Krddb eg Ce`kus, f werb ger wnlin ndrdpdftdmcy dxprdssdm fmalrftle`. R…Q

eg8; =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Dfrcy f`m cftd, lt wfs Fayet“s vdrsle` RegMfpn`ls f`m InceìQ wnlin fppdfcdm aeststre`kcy te Kedtnd. R…Q

]ndsd dvfcuftle`s, stdaal`k grea Afrin,6>96, frd iclafitli l` Kedtnd“s rdpdftdm prflsd egtnd frtlstry eg Ce`kus f`m tnd ie`suaaftd sblcceg Fayet, nls trf`scfter. R…Q

Nd alknt ieìdlvfhcy nfvd irdftdm Gfust“s„Frifmlf`“ dxpdrldìd f`m tnd Inerus“s tur`l`k

l`te `yapns oust fs l`laltfhcy nfm nd `dvdrbèw` tnd cevdrs“ tfcd eg Mfpn`ls f`m Inceì l`f`y cf`kufkd. Hut, klvd` nls dxprdssdm fmalr-ftle` ger tnft stery f`m tnd ierrdspe`mdìdspel`tdm eut fhevd, lt sddas prehfhcd tnft Kedtndmrdw upe` petd`t „rdal`lsidìds“ eg wnft nd

af`lgdstcy ie`slmdrdm tnd fiad eg pertrfyfcs egpfsterfc clgd. Ft tnd vdry cdfst, nd mlspcfys f`fggl`lty wltn Ce`kus, wnesd afstdrpldid, l`Kedtnd“s epl`le`, fttfl`dm lts nlkndst pdrgditle` wnd` rdifst l` tnd Xd`flssfìd Grdìn egFayet.

47

eg8> =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Ofiquds Fayet

eg8< =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Hlhclekrfpny f`m @etds

Fcse spdccdm Falet6

Egtd` spdccdm Ie`vd`t8

C“fhhd Iyprld` ]f`kufy, Mlitle``flrd Kì`ìfceklqud mds9

Gfalccds If`fmld``ds (Zrdaldr Wecuad, Zrevlìd mdVudhdi, Dusîhd Yd`ìifc, Laprladur-Ìmltdur, 6>;6), p. 7

Aìaelrds dt Ieaptds Xd`mus md cf Yeilìtì Xeyfcd mu=

If`fmf. ]relsîad Yìrld, ]ead L^ (Ofs. Nepd f`m glcs,Ettfwf2 Cf Ild Iepp-Icfrb RClaltìdQ, ]ere`te Hdr`frmVufrltin, Ce`mrds, F`kcdtdrrd, 6<67), p. 89

]ndrd frd twe bèw` vfrlf`t spdccl`ks eg Aeydìeurt,4

`fadcy, Aeldìeurt f`m Afkdìeurt.

In. m“Nezldr, Ìtft Zrìsd`t md cf @ehcdssd Grf`ëflsd,7

Ie`td`f`t cd Mlitle``flrd @ehcdssd, Ie`tdaperfl`d dtC“Fraerlfc Kì`ìrfc md Grfìd (D` Wd`td f Zfrls, F cfClhrflrld mds Hlhclepnlcds. Il`qulîad Ìmltle`, 6>>;), p. 94

Dm. M. Ynl``lib, F. F. H., [a. Irddin Yr., Ars. Od``ld;

I. Aerte` f`m G. Zfuc F`mdrse`, Mdpfrtad`t eg Iclppl`ks

f`m Zfrfkrfpns, Xdklstdr eg Bd`tuiby Ytftd NlsterlifcYeildty, Wec. 6=, @e. =8 (Ydptdahdr, 6<67, pp. >;-6:;,Bd`tuiby Nlsterlifc Yeildty), p. >>

eg9: =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Wlieatd Gersytn md Gre`sfi, Cf @ftle` Grfìe->

@eraf`md fu If`fmf, Cf @ehcdssd md @ea dt mds Frads (CfXdvud Grfìe-Faìrlifl`d, Vuftrlîad F``ìd, ]ead WLLL,

@evdahdr 6<66, pp. 6<<-869, Ae`trìfc, 6<66), p. 6<< Wlieatd Gersytn md Gre`sfi, Cf @ftle` Grfìe-<

@eraf`md fu If`fmf, Cf @ehcdssd md @ea dt mds Frads (CfXdvud Grfìe-Faìrlifl`d, Vuftrlîad F``ìd, ]ead WLLL,@evdahdr 6<66, pp. 6<<-869, Ae`trìfc, 6<66), p. 8:>

Wlsieu`t Gersytn md Gre`sfi, Ndrfcmli Ie`slmdrftle`s,6:

(Fadrlif`f RFadrlif` Nlsterlifc Afkfzl`dQ, pp. 6>=-8:;,]nd @ftle`fc Fadrlif` Yeildty, 6<66), p. 8:=

Zfr C“Fhhì Zfuc md Ifk`y, Nlstelrd md C“Frre`mlssdad`t66

md Zìre``d dt md Zcusldurs Ceifcltìs Ilrie`velsl`ds. Ydie`mWecuad. (Zìrre`d, ]ypekrfpnld dt Cltnekrfpnld md O.

Vud`tl`, 6>7<), p. 7;9Cd Ieatd Esifr md Hdssfs md cf Aìkld, Cìkd`mflrd md cf68

@ehcdssd md Grfìd (Clhrflrld Id`trfcd, Zfrls, 6>74), p. >6

Geradrcy egtd` spdccdm Ieurtfapldrrd. @etd tnft lt wfs69

èt u`tlc 6;>< tnft Oesdpn Zfrgflt Fayet hdifad Ydlk`durmd Ieurtdapldrrd.

eg96 =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Cdrey Aerdc, Xdindrinds Kì`ìfceklquds Yur cds Gfalccds6=

@ehcds md Zcusldurs, Wlccfkds mds D`vlre`s? Md @dscd, @eye`,Nfa dt Xeyd, dt Xdindrinds Nlsterlquds Yur Cds @ïads

Ceifcltìs2 Aeydìeurt. (Cf Zlifrmld, Xdvud Clttìrflrd dtYild`tlglqud, Zuhclìd f Fald`s. ]ead Ylxlîad. Fald`s, fuHurdfu md cf Xdvud, Indz Cdèdc-Ndreufrt, Laprladur-Clhrflrd, 6>7:), p. 99

]nd cermsnlp eg Ae`tdrlk`y wfs fètndr pessdssle` eg64

Fayets eg eur Fayet gfalcy. ]ndrd wdrd etndr cermsnlps

pessdssdm hy tnda fs wdcc, èt ad`tle`dm l` tnls pfpdr. Grf`ëels-Fcdxf`mrd Fuhdrt md Cf Inds`fyd Mds Hels,67

Mlitle``flrd md cf @ehcdssd. ]ead L, Ydie`md Ìmltle`(Zfrls, 6;;:), p. 8=:

A. md Yfl`t-Fccfls, @ehlclflrd T`lvdrsdc md Grfìd eu6;

Xdiudlc Kì`ìrfc mds Kd`ìfceklds Nlsterlquds. ]ead]relslîad. (Clhrflrld Hfindcl`-Mdgcerd``d, Zfrls, 6>;9), p.9;

A. Dukî`d Krìsy, Yeilìtì mds F`tlquflrds md Grfìd,6>

6>78, Alsidccf`df Kd`dfceklif dt Ndrfcmlif. Dmltdm hy Oesdpn Ofibse` Newfrm. Wecuad LL (Ce`me`? Altindcc f`m

Nuknds, 6><>), p. 87 Ndr aflmd` `fad ls seadtlads spdccdm Mfaeur.6<

eg98 =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

A. Dukî`d Krìsy, Yeilìtì mds F`tlquflrds md Grfìd,8:


Nuknds, 6><>), p. 87 Kderkd Yfl`tshury, Grdìn Cltdrfturd f`m Lts Afstdrs86

(Fcgrdm F. Bèpg, @dw \erb, 6<=7), p. 98

Kderkd Yfl`tshury, Grdìn Cltdrfturd f`m Lts Afstdrs88

(Fcgrdm F. Bèpg, @dw \erb, 6<=7), p. 86=

Aìaelrds md cf Yeilìtì Frinìeceklqud dt Nlsterlqud md89

C“Erdf`fls (Grfìd), ]ead Wl`kt-Nultlîad (Wecuad 8>).A. Afrre`, Clhrflrd-Ìmltdur (Ercìf`s, 6<:8), p. ;6

C“fhhd Cdhdug, Wld md ORfiqudsQ Fayet, ]lrìd mds8=

Aìaelrds (Adcu`, F.I. Alindcl`, Laprladur md cfZrìgditurd, 6>=>), p. >>

A. Dukî`d Krìsy, Yeilìtì mds F`tlquflrds md Grfìd,84

6>78, Alsidccf`df Kd`dfceklif dt Ndrfcmlif. Dmltdm hy Oesdpn Ofibse` Newfrm. Wecuad LL (Ce`me`? Altindcc f`mNuknds, 6><>), p. 87

Lhlm , p. 87. Ndr aflmd` `fad ls fcse spdccdm Yf`tduc.87

AA. G. Afuprì dt Oucds Mel`dc, Frinlvlstds, Celrdt8;L`vd`tflrd-Yeaaflrd mds Frinlvds Mìpfrtad`tfcds,

F`tìrldurds. ]ead Zrdaldr. (Laprladrld Fmal`lstrftlvd mdZfuc Mupe`t, Zfrls, 6>;>), p. 98:

eg99 =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

A. Dukî`d Krìsy, Yeilìtì mds F`tlquflrds md Grf`id,8>


Nuknds, 6><>), p. 87 Cdrey Kfhrldc, Xdindrinds sur cf aflse` pftrlae`lfcd md8<

Ofiquds Fayet (Adcu` ? N. Alindcl`, 6>4;), p. 8

A. Dukî`d Krìsy, Yeilìtì mds F`tlquflrds md Grf`id,9:

6>78, Alsidccf`df Kd`dfceklif dt Ndrfcmlif. Dmltdm hy

Oesdpn Ofibse` Newfrm. Wecuad LL (Ce`me`? Altindcc f`mNuknds, 6><>), p. 87

Lhlm , p. 8796

Cdrey Kfhrldc, Xdindrinds sur cf aflse` pftrlae`lfcd md98

Ofiquds Fayet (Adcu` ? N. Alindcl`, 6>4;), p. 8

Fcse spdccdm, er alsspdccdm, „Geukdrdtz“99

eg9= =:



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Frinlvds @ftle`fcds, Grfìd, (nttps?//9=

trf`scftd.keekcdusdrie`td`t.iea/trf`scftdUi5mdptn16&nc1d`&prdv1sdfrin&rurc1trf`scftd.keekcd.iea

&sc1gr&u1nttps?//www.slv.frinlvds-`ftle`fcds.iucturd.keuv.gr/slv/rdindrindie`suctftle`/ie`suctftle`/lr/ie`suctftle`LX.fitle`%9GlrLm%9MGXF@ULXU:=8>78%87umLm%9Mi6p;8aw9v`y9--66>bwi6<7a`cx&usk1FCbOrnla>T-TyDc4w>nagpoLW-zq@4@;iw) Glinldr mlt 'kì`ìrfc'

^WLLd-^WLLLd slîicds, pfr cd pdrse``dc mu Alùtldr,6<4=-6<<< ( glinldr pfpldr d`tlîrdad`t mìaftìrlfclsì 2 velrie`tdxtd mf`s cd Zcf` m“erld`tftle` kì`ìrfc - @etflrds mdZfrls, kulmds tnìaftlquds mu Alùtldr).






eg94 =:

https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=en&prev=search&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=fr&u=https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/consultationIR.action%3FirId%3DFRAN_IR_042862%26udId%3Dc1p72mw3vny3--118kwc196mnlx&usg=ALkJrhim8U-UyEl5w8hmfpjIV-zqN5N7cw











ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Frinlvds @ftle`fcds, Grfìd, (nttps?//9;

trf`scftd.keekcdusdrie`td`t.iea/trf`scftdUi5mdptn16&nc1d`&prdv1sdfrin&rurc1trf`scftd.keekcd.iea&sc

1gr&u1nttps?//www.slv.frinlvds-`ftle`fcds.iucturd.keuv.gr/slv/rdindrindie`suctftle`/ie`suctftle`/lr/ie`suctftle`LX.fitle`%9GlrLm%9MGXF@ULXU:=8>78%87umLm%9Mi6p;8aw9v`y9--66>bwi6<7a`cx&usk1FCbOrnla>T-TyDc4w>nagpoLW-zq@4@;iw) Glinldr mlt 'kì`ìrfc' ^WLLd-

^WLLLd slîicds, pfr cd pdrse``dc mu Alùtldr, 6<4=-6<<< ( glinldrpfpldr d`tlîrdad`t mìaftìrlfclsì 2 velr ie`tdxtd mf`s cd Zcf`m“erld`tftle` kì`ìrfc - @etflrds md Zfrls, kulmds tnìaftlqudsmu Alùtldr).

A. F. Cdrey, A. Krìsy, Aìaelrds md cf Yeilìtì Lapìrlfcd9>

mds F`tlqulrds md Grfìd. ]ead Ylxîad, (Muaeucl`, F.Nìrecm, Zfrls, 6>78), p. >:

A. Dukî`d Krìsy, Yeilìtì mds F`tlquflrds md Grfìd,9<


eg97 =:











ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Frinlvds @ftle`fcds, Grfìd, (nttps?//=:

trf`scftd.keekcdusdrie`td`t.iea/trf`scftdUi5mdptn16&nc1d`&prdv1sdfrin&rurc1trf`scftd.keekcd.iea

&sc1gr&u1nttps?//www.slv.frinlvds-`ftle`fcds.iucturd.keuv.gr/slv/rdindrindie`suctftle`/ie`suctftle`/lr/ie`suctftle`LX.fitle`%9GlrLm%9MGXF@ULXU:=8>78%87umLm%9Mi6p;8aw9v`y9--66>bwi6<7a`cx&usk1FCbOrnla>T-TyDc4w>nagpoLW-zq@4@;iw) Glinldr mlt 'kì`ìrfc'

^WLLd-^WLLLd slîicds, pfr cd pdrse``dc mu Alùtldr,6<4=-6<<< ( glinldr pfpldr d`tlîrdad`t mìaftìrlfclsì 2 velrie`tdxtd mf`s cd Zcf` m“erld`tftle` kì`ìrfc - @etflrds mdZfrls, kulmds tnìaftlquds mu Alùtldr).

F``fcds md cf Yeilìtì Nlsterlqud dt Frinìeceklqud mu=6

Kftl`fls. ]ead ^^LW (Ge`tfl`dhcdfu, Afurlid Heurkds,

Laprladur Hrdvdtì, 6<:7), p. 948Cdrey Aerdc, Xdindrinds Kì`ìfceklquds Yur cds Gfalccds=8

@ehcds md Zcusldurs, Wlccfkds mds D`vlre`s? Md @dscd, @eye`,Nfa dt Xeyd, dt Xdindrinds Nlsterlquds Yur Cds @ïadsCeifcltìs2 Aeydìeurt. (Cf Zlifrmld, Xdvud Clttìrflrd dtYild`tlglqud, Zuhclìd f Fald`s. ]ead Ylxlîad. Fald`s, fu

Hurdfu md cf Xdvud, Indz Cdèdc-Ndreufrt, Laprladur-Clhrflrd, 6>7:), p. 992 A. Dukî`d Krìsy, Yeilìtì mdsF`tlquflrds md Grfìd, 6>78, Alsidccf`df Kd`dfceklif dtNdrfcmlif. Dmltdm hy Oesdpn Ofibse` Newfrm. Wecuad LL(Ce`me`? Altindcc f`m Nuknds, 6><>), p. 87

eg9; =:












ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

A. Dukî`d Krìsy, Yeilìtì mds F`tlquflrds md Grfìd,=9


Nuknds, 6><>), p. 87 A. Dukî`d Krìsy, Yeilìtì mds F`tlquflrds md Grfìd,==


Lhlm , p. 87=4

Frinlvds @ftle`fcds, Grfìd, (nttp?//=7

www.frinlvdspertfcdurepd.`dt/dfm-mlspcfy/-/dfm/pc/fliemd/GX-GXF@/typd/gf/lm/GXF@ULXU:=6=:=/mhlm/I=7;4:>68) Meiuad`ts mu Alùtldr id`trfc ieìdr`f`tcds pdl`trds, siucptdurs dt krfvdurs fu ^WLLd slîicd

(67::-674:), pfr Afrld-F`tel`dttd Gcdury dt Afrtl`dIe`stf`s, tead LL Rìtumds ^L ê ^^, 8==4 fitdsQ, Zfrls,Frinlvds `ftle`fcds, 8:6:, ètlid `º8:6> (l`struad`t mdrdindrind laprlaì mìaftìrlfclsì, idrtfl`ds ètlids se`tpcus mìtflccìds mf`s cf vdrsle` l`tìkrfcd fiidsslhcd d` clk`dpfr cf ruhrlqud 'Futrds l`struad`ts md rdindrind', velrie`tdxtd mf`s cd Zcf` m“erld`tftle` kì`ìrfc - @etflrds md

Zfrls, kulmds tnìaftlquds mu Alùtldr).

Md`ls Hdfurdkfrm, Kd`dfceky eg Grdìn l` @ertn Fadrlif =;

(grfìekd`d.iea).

eg9> =:

http://www.archivesportaleurope.net/ead-display/-/ead/pl/aicode/FR-FRAN/type/fa/id/FRAN_IR_041404/dbid/C46750812




http://francogene.com/



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Neèrlus Zrevest, "Falet (Fayet), ODF@," Mlitle`fry=>

eg If`fmlf` Hlekrfpny, Wecuad 6 (Cfvfc T`lvdrslty /T`lvdrslty eg ]ere`te, 6<77), nttp?//www.hlekrfpnl.if/

gr/hle/faletUodfÙ6G.ntac. Ydirdtfry eg f`m fmvlser te tnd Bl`k. Frinlvds=<

@ftle`fcds, Grfìd, (nttps?//www.slv.frinlvds-`ftle`fcds.iucturd.keuv.gr/slv/rdindrindie`suctftle`/ie`suctftle`/lr/ie`suctftle`LX.fitle`5lrLm1GXF@ULXU:=664=&umLm1i6p7sl`h`p`g-6c7:ypk7;g

z`t) ? Glinldr mlt 'kì`ìrfc' ^WLLd-^WLLLd slîicds, pfr cdpdrse``dc mu Alùtldr, 6<4=-6<<< ( glinldr pfpldrd`tlîrdad`t mìaftìrlfclsì 2 velr ie`tdxtd mf`s cd Zcf`m“erld`tftle` kì`ìrfc - @etflrds md Zfrls, kulmdstnìaftlquds mu Alùtldr).

I. m“D.-F., Mlitle``flrd mds Gfalccds Grf`ëflsds Fìld``ds4:

eu @etfhcds. ]ead Zrdaldr. (Ìvrdux, Laprladrld mdInfrcds Nìrrlsdy, 6<:9), p. 6>9. L` Alsidccf`df Kd`dfceklifdt Ndrfcmlif, ndr sur`fad ls spdccdm (er alsspdccdm) Cettdl`stdfm eg Nfttd.




Nlstelrd mds D`vlre`s md Zfrls. ]ead Vuftrlîad. (Indz48

Znlclppd, Zfrls, 6>97), p. =6<

eg9< =:

https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/consultationIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_041154&udId=c1p6sinbnpnf-1l60ypg67fznt





http://www.biographi.ca/fr/bio/amiot_jean_1F.html

http://www.biographi.ca/fr/bio/amiot_jean_1F.html



ZNLCLZZD F A\E]

Aìaelrds dt Ieaptds Xd`mus md cf Yeilìtì Xeyfcd mu49

If`fmf. ]relsîad Yìrld, ]ead L^ (Ofs. Nepd f`m glcs,Ettfwf2 Cf Ild Iepp-Icfrb RClaltìdQ, ]ere`te Hdr`frm

Vufrltin, Ce`mrds, F`kcdtdrrd, 6<67), p. 89 Fzfrld Ieulccfrm-Mdprìs, Cds Zrdaldrs Iece`s mu If`fmf 4=

(Yerdc, Vud, 6<8:), p. 66

Kderkd Yfl`tshury, F Ynert Nlstery eg Grd`in Cltdrfturd.44

Ae`tflk`d trf`scftdm hy Kderkd Yfl`tshury. (Exgerm,

6>>8), p. 898 Ifrc Nfaadr, Or., ]nd Yeutn Id`trfc Huccdtl` 47

Wec. =:, @e. =, Ytumlds hy Adahdrs eg tnd YIACF([l`tdr, 6<>:) (]nd Oen`s Nepbl`s T`lvdrslty Zrdss), pp.6=;-6=<

philippe amyot

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