phasing out pfass – hazardous chemicals from a · pdf file31.01.2017 ·...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Phasing out PFASs –Hazardous chemicals from a
furniture retailer’s perspective
Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D.Product Requirements & ComplianceIKEA of Sweden, Älmhult, Sweden
PFAS WorkshopDepartment of Toxic Substances Control
Sacramento, CA31st of January, 2017
![Page 2: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Älmhult
![Page 3: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
389 IKEA stores worldwide (FY16)
![Page 5: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
14 % 14 %
8 %7 %
5 %
Germany USA France UK Italy
Top selling countriesRetail sales per country as a percentage of total IKEA sales
![Page 7: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
25 %
19 %
8 %5 % 5 %
China Poland Italy Sweden Lithuania
Top purchasing countries
![Page 8: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Chemistry teamTherese Lilliebladh, Team manager
![Page 11: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Product development - IKEA Range & Design strategy
Democratic design
LÖVBACKENSide table
![Page 13: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Concerns when establishing chemical requirements
• Customer health & safety
• Workingenvironment
• Outdoorenvironment
![Page 14: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Requirements are based on
• Legislation, regulations & standards
• Scientific facts
• Customerexpectations
![Page 15: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Basically all articles sold all over the world shall comply with the strictesthealth, safety and environmental requirements on any of the sales markets
![Page 16: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
More and more complex regulations
![Page 17: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
IKEA chemical strategycornerstones
• To minimize or totally refrain from using chemicals that can be harmful to people or environment
• We try to phase out potentially harmful chemicals already before they are regulated
![Page 18: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Chemical strategy objectivesl strategy objectives1: Increased information on chemical content of ourproducts
2: All materials used in IKEA products are assessed for chemical safety
3: Phase out substances and materials that could cause harm
4: Our suppliers share ourvalues on chemical safety and complkiance
5: Build trust within IKEA, by increasing the awarenessamong co-workers, consumersand other key stakeholdersabout our work on chemicals
![Page 19: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Some considerationswhen phasing outhazardous chemicals
1. Is the chemical reallyneeded? Is the particularproperty really needed?
2. If yes, can wedevelop/change the material (with no need for hazardous chemicals)?
3. May an alternative substance be used? Are the alternatives available reallymore safe? What data is available?
![Page 20: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
A phase-out example –Flame retardants in upholstery furniture NA
• Ban on brominated FRsince 2000
• Ban on all flame-retardants in upholsteryfurniture NA (2015)
• Launch of new interliner for upholstery furniture –No need for chemical FRs
![Page 21: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Some major phase-outs and achievementsover the years
* exception for electrical articles
1993 – Formaldehyde banned in wood coatings
1996 – PVC phase-out*
1996 – Azodyes releasing carcenogenic arylamines banned in textiles/leather
2000 – All brominated flame retardants banned*
2005 – Cr-VI in chrome plating banned
2006 – Bisphenol A in plasic for children’s products (0-7 yrs) banned
2007 – Lead in metal fittings banned
2008 – Cr-VI in chromating/anodizing banned
2010 – Lead in mirror backings
2012 – Bisphenol A in food contact products banned
2015 – Mercury in light sources banned (replaced by LED)
2015 – Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) banned in textiles
![Page 22: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Furniture and furnishingfor the many people
![Page 23: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
PFASsPoly- and perfluoroalkyl substances
IKEA specifiation IOS-MAT-0010:“organic compounds that contain one or more perfluoroalkylmoieties, –CnF2n+1 where n≥3”
![Page 24: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
PFASs in textil materials
Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in materials treated for oil, water and/or stain repellency.
PFASs are not allowed to be used.Contamination limit values for some specific substances:• Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS): 1 μg/m2
• Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA): 1 μg/m2
All requirements also apply to any salt or derivative of the respective compounds.
• 2009: Ban on PFOS, PFOA, PFOSA and theirderivatives. Approval required for all otheruse of PFASs.
• 2014: Most of the useof other PFASs on textile ended.
• 2015: Total ban on production of textileswith PFASs.
![Page 25: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
PFAS phase-out
Carpets and rugs -never anyuse of PFASs!
![Page 26: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
PFAS phase-out
Upholsteryproducts –very limiteduse of PFASswhich ceased>10 yearsago
![Page 27: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
PFAS phase-out
Shower curtains –water-repellencyis enough
![Page 28: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
PFAS phase-out
Umbrellas & rain ponchos –water-repellency is enough
![Page 29: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Conclusion
“...no alternatives matching the PFAS-based repellents on all technical parameters are available. The alternatives provide durable water repellency, but no repellency against oil, oil-based dirt and alcohol.”
![Page 30: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
PFAS-free repellents(but not for ”oil-repellency”)
• Paraffin wax
• Fat-modified resins
• Silicone repellents(polysiloxanes)
• Dendrimer-basedrepellents
• Polyurethane repellent
![Page 31: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
PFAS phase-out
Metre fabric– taken outof the range
![Page 32: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
How to secureyour supply chain?
![Page 33: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Supply chain control
• Identify IKEA chemical compliance requirements (material by material), and:– Identify documentation requirements including test
plans
• Communicate requirements along the supply chain
• Evaluate sub-suppliers and materials
• Secure process control in production
![Page 34: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Risk sources of banned substances
• Direct use of the banned substance somewhere back up the supply chain
• Insufficient process control
• Contamination, e.g. from – Process equipment– Recycling
![Page 35: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Testing to securecompliance
• Product development
• Verifying tests
• Audits
• Spot checks
• Testing after claims
![Page 36: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
It’s about the ...
![Page 37: Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a · PDF file31.01.2017 · Phasing out PFASs – Hazardous chemicals from a furniture retailer’s perspective Ralph Nussbaum, Ph.D](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030411/5a9dc2177f8b9abd0a8cbf01/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)