phalaenopsis harlequin breeding – past, present and … golden... · phalaenopsis harlequin...
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Phalaenopsis Harlequin Breeding – Past, Present and Future
Mr. Lin, Yung-YuBrother Orchid Nursery Co., Ltd.
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In 1983, I registered the cross of Phal. Misty Green and Phal. Liu Tuen- Shen as Phal. Golden Peoker. This clone ‘Brother’ is the best one among the seedlings.
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Phal. Misty Green ‘Brother’ Phal. Liu Tuen- Shen ‘Brother’
The parents of Phal. Golden Peoker ‘Brother’
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The pedigree of Phal. Golden Peoker
The species contributed to Phal. Golden Peoker:
Phal.giganteaPhal. fasciataPhal. lueddemannianaPhal. amboinensis
Phal. amabilisPhal. schillerianaPhal. sanderianaPhal. stuartiana
Phal. equestris
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About 300 plants of the clone ‘Brother’ was first propagated in vitro via PLB system. One mutated clone was bloomed by Ever-Spring Nursery, and was named ‘ES’, received JC/AOS.
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The clone ‘ES’ was further mericloned. Among the 1000 plants, 30% plants had ‘ES’ phenotype flowers, 40% plants had ‘Brother’ phenotype flowers, and 30% plants mutated and displayed asymmetrical spots and blotches with dark maroon color. The further mutated clone was named ‘BL’.
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The species of Sections Amboinenses and Zebrinae have the large to medium chromosomes and small chromosomes in their karyotypes.
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The species of Sections Phalaenopsis and Stauroglottis have small chromosomes in their karyotypes, whereas Doritis pulcherrima has the large chromosmes. Bar = 10 μ
m
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The karyomorphological study of ‘Brother’ (left) and ‘BL’ (right) indicated the chromosome count of both clones are about 2n = 78, containing large, medium and small chromosomes. It seems that no chromosome variation occurred in ‘BL’.
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Flower tepal histological observation of the clones- ‘Brother’, ‘ES’ and ‘BL’
The color occursonly in the mesophyll
epidermis to mesophyll
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In petunia, the transposon insertion may causethe flower color mutation. In this case, the same mechanism may also happen in Phal. Golden Peoker.
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The progenies of Phal. Golden Peoker ‘Brother’
Phal. Brother Peacock =Phal. Paifang’s Queen ‘B’ xPhal. Golden Peoker ‘B’
Phal. Brother Delight =Phal. Brother Peacock xPhal. Chiayi Spots
Phal. Super Stupid =Phal. Brother Peacock xPhal. Brother Fancy
Flower tepal histological observationof Phal. Super Stupid. It’s the same as the clone ‘Brother’
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Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker xPhal. Brother Sara Gold
Flower tepal histological observation of Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ progenies.
Phal. Golden Peoker xDoritis pulcherrima
Phal. Golden Peoker xPhal. Kuntrarti Rarashati
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In my breeding experience, there are some species contributed to the color aggregation of spots, such as
Phal. amboinensis (common type)Phal. equestris (Iloco type)Phal. violacea (bellina)Phal. venosa.
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The effect of Phal. amboinensis on color aggregation
Phal. Carnival x Phal. amboinensis Phal. Carnival Queen
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The effect of Phal. equestris on color aggregation
Phal. Brother Yew x Phal. Cassandra Phal. Brother Sandra
Phal. Super Stupid x Phal. equestris Phal. Brother Pico Mary
Phal. Brother Glamour x Phal. Carmela’s Pixie Phal. Brother Liata
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The effects of Phal. violacea and Phal. venosa on color aggragation
Phal. violacea(Phal. bellina) Phal. gigantea Phal. Mok Choi Yew
Phal. venosa Phal. Brother Stripes
x
x
=
=
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Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker = Phal. Golden Peoker x Phal. Kuntrarti Rarashati
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’
Phal. Kuntrarti Rarashati, this clone may be tetraploidy
Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker
x
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Different clones of Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker
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102 Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker x Phal. Taipei Gold ‘GS’
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Different clones of Phal. (Sunrise Red Peoker x Taipei Gold ‘GS’)
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The hybrids of Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ with species
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ xPhal. celebensis
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ xPhal. equestris
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ xPhal. gigantea
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Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ xPhal. mannii
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ xDoritis pulcherrima
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ xPhal. violacea
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The crosses of Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ with multiple flower types
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ x Phal. Brother Trekkie
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ x Phal. Kuntrarti Rarashati
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Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ x Phal. Timothy Christopher
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ x Dtps. Inferno
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The F1 of Phal. Golden Peoker ’ES’ – Phal. Ever-spring King
About 1/300 of the seedlings has the harlequin pattern.
Phal. Ever-spring King ‘King’
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘ES’
Phal. Chih Shang’s Stripes
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The F1 of Phal. Golden Peoker ’ES’ – Phal. Ever-spring Light
About 1/300 has the harlequin pattern.
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The F1 of Phal. Golden Peoker ’ES’ or‘ BL’ – Dtps. Ever-spring Prince
IF use ‘ES’ as the parent, about 1/300 has the harlequin pattern.IF use ‘BL’ , the ratio is about 1/3.
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F1 Phal. Ever-spring Fairy = Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ x
Phal. Taisuco Kochdian
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F1 Phal. Haur Jin Diamond = Phal. Golden Peoker x Phal. Ching-Her Buddha
Phal. Ching-Her Buddha
Phal. Haur Jin Diamond
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’
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F1 Phal. I-Hsin Canary = Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’x Phal. I-Hsin Gold Coin
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F1 Phal. Nobby’s Shaowy = Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ x Phal. Nobby’s Fox
F1 Phal. Sogo Pearl = Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ xPhal. Sogo Manager
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F1 Dtps. I-Hsin Black Jack = Phal. Golden Peoker x Dtps. Leopard Prince
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’
Dtps. Leopard Prince Dtps. I-Hsin Black Jack
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F1 Dtps. Chain Xen Diamond = Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’ x Dtps. Judy Valentine
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The F2 generation of Phal. Golden Peoker ‘ES’
Phal. Yu-Pin Pearl = Phal. Ever-spring King xPhal. Musashino
Dtps. Ching Hua Spring = Dtps. Minho Princess x Phal. Ever-spring Light
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F2 Dtps. Happy UFO = Dtps. King Shaing’s Rose x Phal. Ever-spring King
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F2 Dtps. Brother Love Rosa = Phal. Ever-spring King x Dtps. Sinica Knight
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F2 Dtps. Yu-Pin Red Angel = Phal. Ever-spring King x Dtps. Taisuco Pixie
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The F2 generation of Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’
Phal. Haur Jin Princess = Phal. Haur Jin Diamond x Phal. Dou-dii Golden Princess
Phal. Haur Jin Diamond
Phal. Dou-dii Golden Princess
Phal. Haur Jin Princess
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F2 Phal. Shin-Yi Diamond = Phal. Haur Jin Diamond x Phal. Ching-Her Buddha
Phal. Ching-Her Buddha
Phal. Haur Jin Diamond
Phal. Shin-Yi Diamond
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F2 Phal. Diamond Beauty = Phal. Haur Jin Diamond x Phal. Chingruey’s Beauty
Phal. Haur Jin Diamond
Phal. Chingruey’s Beauty
Phal. Diamond Beauty
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F2 Phal. Tai-I Yellow Bird = Phal. Haur Jin Diamond x Phal. Salu Peoker ‘#2’
Phal. Salu Peoker ‘#2’
Phal. Haur Jin Diamond
Phal. Tai-I Yellow Bird
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F2 Dtps. Yu-Pin Natsume = Dtps. Autumn Sun x Phal. Haur Jin Diamond
Dtps. Autumn Sun
Phal. Golden Peoker ‘BL’
Dtps. Yu-Pin Natsume
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F 2 Phal. Haur Jin Diamond x Phal. Black Rose
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F2 Phal. (I-Hsin Canary x Sunrise Delight)
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The F3 generation of Phal. Golden Peoker ‘ES’
Dtps. Chain Xen Pearl = Dtps. Ching Hua Spring X Dtps. Nobby’s Pink Lady
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102 Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker x Phal. Taipei Gold
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104 Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker x Phal. Sogo Lisa
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252 Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker x Phal. Brother Stage
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Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker x Phal. violacea
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Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker x Phal. Salu Peoker ‘#1’
Phal. Salu Peoker ‘#1
Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker
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Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker x Phal. Brother Sara Gold
Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker
Phal. Brother Sara Gold
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F3 Dtps. Ching Hua Magic = Dtps. Ching Hua Spring X Dtps. Hsingying City
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F3 Phal. Diamond Beauty x Phal. Sogo Yukidian
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F3 Phal. I-Hsin Sun Flower x Phal. Tai-I Yellow Bird
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F3 Dtps. Yu-Pin Burbundy = Dtps. Yu-Pin Red Angel x Dtps. Little Gem Stripe
This hybrid has received the AQ/AOS in 2007
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F4 Dtps.Yu-Pin Lady = Dtps. Chain Xen Pearl x Dtps.Yu-Pin Lover
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F4 Dtps. Chain Xen Mammon = Dtps. Chain Xen Pearl x Dtps. Mount Beauty
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F4 Dtps. Ching Hua Magic x Phal. Taisuco Kochdian
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F4 Dtps. Chain Xen Pearl x ‘Large Pink Flower’
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F4 Dtps. Chain Xen Pearl x Phal. Sogo Yukidian
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F4 Dtps. Chain Xen Pearl x Phal. Haur Jin Princess
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F4 Dtps. Chain Xen Pearl x Phal. Elice de Valec
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F4 Phal. (Sunrise Red Peoker x Sogo Lisa) x Phal. Sogo Pride
Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker
Phal. Sogo Pride
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F5 Dtps. Yu-Pin Lady’s Progenies
Dtps. Yu-Pin Lady x Phal. Sogo Yukidian
Dtps. Yu-Pin Lady x Phal. Sogo Yukidian
Dtps. Yu-Pin Lady x Phal. Brother Success
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The flower size of F4 progenies has increased above 10 cm, and the flower type and arrangement are almost the same as the standard white flowers.
Recently, There are some mutations of pink standard type. IF these pink mutation clones cross with the Phal. Yu-Pin Lady (F4), what will happen ?
X = ??
Phal. Yu-Pin Lady This mutated clone is called ‘Red Cat’
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x multiple flower type = ??
x ‘Red Cat’ = ??
Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker x Phal. Taipei Gold
Phal. Sunrise Red Peoker x Phal. Sogo Lisa
In the future, more and more materials will contribute to the harlequin type breeding…….
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Thank you for your attention