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2015 PGTS – IWNEST LANGKAWI

INTERNATIONAL POSTGRADUATE CONFERENCE ON PHYSICS AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES 2015

INTERNATIONAL POSTGRADUATE CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY 2015

INTERNATIONAL POSTGRADUATE CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL AND MATERIAL ENGINEERING 2015

2ND NATIONAL POSTGRADUATE CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS 2015 Langkawi, Malaysia February 10-11, 2015

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Welcome to PGTS-IWNEST 2015 International Postgraduate Conference

National Postgraduate Conference

Dear Professor, Dr and distinguished delegates,

Welcome to the PGTS - IWNEST 2015 Langkawi, Malaysia. On behalf of International

Postgraduate Network (IPN.org) and IWNEST, I would like to thank all the Conference

Chair, Program Chairs and the Technical Committees. Their high competence and

professional advice enable us to prepare the high-quality program. For the participants, we

hope all of you have a great time at the conference and also in Langkawi, Malaysia.

We believe that by this excellent conference, you can get more opportunity for further

communication with researchers and practitioners.

For this IPCCME 2015, IPCIT 2015, IPCPMS 2015 & NPCB 2015 more than 50

submitted papers have been received and 30 papers have been accepted and published finally.

In order to hold more professional and significant international conferences, your suggestions

are warmly welcomed. And we are looking forward to meet you again next time.

Best Regards,

Thank you. Yours Sincerely,

Datin MZ Zainab

Director – Conference Management IPN.org

Chairman, PGTS – IWNEST 2015 Langkawi

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Message from IWNEST President

On behalf of the IWNEST publications team, it is my privilege to welcome you to the IPN -

IWNEST 2015 International Conference on Engineering Management. IWNEST is an

independent, non-political, non-governmental organization of distinguished scientists

dedicated to advancing science around the world. We aim to help scientists and researchers to

publish their findings in our scientific journals and to promote and help to organize

worldwide conferences. We believe that has no boundaries, regardless of the great distances

between countries and continents. Thus IWNEST welcomes contributions from researchers

from all concern irrespective to the race, colour, religion and nationality.

Best Regards

Prof. Dr. Abdel Rahman Mohammad Said Al Tawaha

Founder President

Honorary Advisor

PGTS – IWNEST 2015 Langkawi

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About International Postgraduate Network (IPN.org)

The International Postgraduate Network (IPN.org) is a non-profit international association

dedicated to the promotion of international education and university cooperation in the field

of Business, Art, Social Science, Management , Education, Science, Technology,

Engineering and any other related field.

Through the organization of different international events, it brings together institutions,

bodies and organizations from different countries of the world for discussion and cooperation

IPN.org Mission is to promote and enhance the dialogue in education among the institutions

devoted to field mentioned above through:

Promotion of best practice standards in the service of international education.

The facilitation of relevant forums, training and information exchange.

Creation and dissemination of knowledge; exert an influence in public policy.

Production of publications used as a database document for research works, projects

and innovation activities held on the international education field.

IPN.org believes that this is best achieved through international cooperation and promotes the

development of closer links among relevant institutions and individuals around the

world.IPN.org supports that such international cooperation can help countries learn from each

other and promotes the dissemination of scientific and engineering activities. IPN.org intends

to achieve the mentioned objectives and get an international visibility by the organization of

international conferences and by interacting with public and private organisms from all parts

of the world.

www.internationalpostgraduatenetwork.org

www.ipnconference.org

www.ipnmalaysia.org

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Announcement

All accepted papers will be published in:

Advances in Environmental Biology (AEB)(ISI/THOMAS REUTERS/SCOPUS)

(online issue ISSN 1995-0756)(abstract and indexing by ISI/Thomson Reuters, Ulrich

periodicals, Ebscohost, Cabi International and DOAJ) or

American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture (Scopus) (online issue ISSN

1995-0748) (Indexed by Elsevier: SCOPUS www.scopus.com, Google Scholar,

Ulrich Periodicals, EBSCO HOST, CSA, CAB Abstract, DOAJ)

Journal of Applied Science and Agriculture(ISI/THOMSON REUTERS) (online issue

ISSN 1816-9112)(abstract and indexing by ISI/Thomson Reuters, Ulrich periodicals,

Ebscohost, Cabi International and DOAJ) &

Research Journal of Social Sciences (online issue ISSN 1815-9125) (abstract and

indexing by Google Scholar, Ulrich, EBSCO HOST, DOAJ

One best presenter will be selected from each session and will be awarded the certificate

during the Dinner Banquet. Beside that one best paper ( the selected paper is chosen by the

IWNEST editorial board ) will received RM 150.00

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Keynote Speakers

Keynote Speaker 1:

DR. SALEM S. ABU AMR

Dr. Salem obtained his B.Sc. in Environment and Earth Sciences in 2001 and his M.Sc. in Water

Resources Management from Faculty of civil engineering, Islamic University, Gaza in 2005. For

12 years prior to continuing his education, he acquired practical experience working on various

environmental engineering aspects including water/wastewater treatment and management,

Drinking water and sanitary sewer distribution system monitoring, and development of advanced

water/wastewater treatment technologies. He received his Ph.D. in environmental engineering

from the University of Malaysian Sciences (USM), Malaysia, in 2013. Currently, he is following

postdoctoral research fellow in Environmental Engineering at School of Civil engineering, USM,

Malaysia (2014 – 2-15). To date, his professional work and research has encompassed

development and use of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for water/wastewater treatment

processes. Dr. Salem also worked as an academic staff and researcher in several research

centers, universities and institutes and gained a wide experience and he has a high potential in

both practical and academic research work on water and wastewater treatment. Hi has a good

experience to design different types of ozone reactors using for water and waste water

treatment applications. His current research interests include stabilized landfill leachate

treatment via (AOPs) and improve the biodegradability of undegradable components. He has

reported over 35 publications in several international conferences and ISI journals: 02 articles

in referred ISI & Scopus index journals , 5 international articles, 10 publications in international

conference proceedings in this field. Dr. Salem ranked 2n d

in the world in leachate

t reatment at the year 2013, and he has selected by Marquis Who's Who in

the world 2015 in the f ield of Environmental sciences and technology. He

also a referee for a few international journals and has an editorial responsibilities in IGI global

book titled Control and Treatment of Landfill Leachate for Sanitary Waste Disposal.

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Abstract

Title: Experience of USM in Solid waste landfill leachate treatment

Leachate pollution is one of the main problems in landfilling. The treatment technology that

can be used may differ based on the type of leachate produced. Even after treatment, the

effluent characteristics are always hard to comply with the discharge standard. Stabilized

leachate, indicated by a low biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5)/COD ratio (i.e., low

biodegradability) and seen in many landfills in Malaysia, is particularly difficult to treat

biologically. Therefore, additional physico-chemical processes are necessary for the pre-

treatment and post-treatment of leachate. In this regard, dedicated treatment facilities are

required before leachate can be discharged to the environment. Various site-specific

treatment techniques can be used to treat hazardous wastewater depending on leachate

characteristics, operation and capital costs, and regulations. Leachate treatment schemes

likely include biological, physical, and chemical processes; their combination and specific

modification are greatly influenced by the characteristics of leachate produced. Several

studies focusing on the usability of different physico-chemical applications for leachate

treatment are reviewed. Fenton, electro-Fenton, photo-Fenton, coagulation, electro-

coagulation, and ion exchange are well-known wastewater and leachate treatments. Fenton

oxidation is an effective oxidation wastewater treatment process. However, the complexity of

landfill leachate makes the use of Fenton oxidation alone unsatisfactory. Thus, combinations

of different oxidation processes, such as electro-Fenton and electro-photo-Fenton oxidation,

have been extensively investigated to increase oxidation efficiency. AOPs involves the

production of powerful oxidizing agents, mainly the hydroxyl radical (OH), from single

oxidants, such as ozone, or from a combination of strong oxidants (e.g., O3 and OH−,H2O2,

ultraviolet, ultrasound or electron beam, and catalysts such as transition metal ions or photo

catalysts). USM team has conducted many research works on the removal of ammoniacal

nitrogen, metals, colour, COD, suspended solid and turbidity from leachate. Based on these

studies, USM has come out with a proposed treatment system plants which have been

constructed i.e. PBLS.

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List of the Conference Committee

PGTS – IWNEST 2015 Langkawi, Honorary Advisor

Prof. Dr. Abdel Rahman Mohammad Said Al-Tawaha (Ph.D McGill University)

Founder President of Islamic World Network for Environmental Science and Technology

Editor in Chief, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Science

Editor in Chief, American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture

Editor in Chief, Advances in Environmental Biology

Al Talal Bin Hussein University, Jordan

PGTS – IWNEST 2015 Langkawi ,Chairman

Datin MZ Zainab

PGTS – IWNEST 2015 Langkawi, Academic Committee

Conference Chair

Prof. Dr. Abdel Rahman Mohammad Said Al-Tawaha (Ph.D McGill University)

Technical Committee

Ir. Amirul Abd Rashid, UiTM Shah Alam

Nor Azwin Shukri, Malaysian Nuclear Agency

Dr. Ekwipoo Kalkornsurapranee, Prince of Songkla University

Dr. Noorasikin Samat, International Islamic University Malaysia

Dr. Yong Leng Chuan, Taylors’ University Lakeside Campus

Dr. Nuraini Abdul Aziz, Universiti Putra Malaysia

Dr. Sivakumar A/L Dhar Malingam, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

Dr. Amir Azizi, Universiti Malaysia Pahang

Dr. Ali Asghar Jomah Adham, Universiti Malaysia Pahang

Dr. Zohreh Hossein Mirzaee Beni, Iran

Dr. Wafa'a Abdelrahman Abdulla Al Taisan, Saudi Arabia

Dr. Samah DJEDDI, Algeria

Dr. Nada Fadhil Tawfiq, Iraq

Dr. Noor Mohammad, Bangladesh

Dr. Cheevin Limsiri, Thailand

Dr. Prayong Keeratiurai, Thailand

Prof. Dr. Wenju Liang China.

Prof. Dr. Abd Al-kareem Al-Sallal,Jordan.

Dr. Abdullah Noman Mosleh Al-Dhaibani, Saudi Arabia

Dr. Mohamed Fathy Yassin. Kuwait

Dr. Azita Zand, Iran

Dr. Sharif Hossain, Saudi Arabia

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Dr. Babak Daneshvar Rouyendegh, Turkey

Dr. Sunil Kumar, India

Dr. Ezzeddine Ben Mohamed, Tunis

Dr. Mahboub Sheikhalizadeh Heris, Iran

Dr. Pramod Kumar

Dr. Sarwoko Mangkoedihardjo, Indonesia

Dr. Bob Redden, Australia

Dr. Shyam Yadav, Afghanistan

Dr. Nawfal Yousif Jamil, Iraq

Dr. Theiaa Najam Abdulla, Iraq

Dr. Ammar Seddiq Mahmood, Iraq

Dr. Hiyam Abdel Ibraheem AlTaii, Iraq

Dr. Faten Noori Mula Abed, Iraq

Dr. R.K. Maiti, India

PGTS – IWNEST 2015 Langkawi, Organising Committee

YKY

Nurul

Shaiful

Rafie

Norma

Wafiy

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Instruction for Oral Presentation

Devices Provided by the Conference Organizer:

Laptop (with MS-Office & Adobe Reader)

Projector & Screen

Laser Sticks

Materials Provided by the Presenters:

PowerPoint or PDF files

Duration of each Presentation (Tentatively):

Regular oral presentation: about12 minutes (including Q&A)

Keynote speech: about 40 minute (including Q&A)

Notice: Please keep your belongings (laptop and camera etc) with you!

During registration:

Original Receipt

Representative / Pass Card with lanyard

Printed Program

Lunch Coupon

Dinner Coupon

Participation Certificate (collected from Session Chair after the session)

Conference Bag

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PGTS – IWNEST 2015 International Postgraduate Conference Langkawi

Conference Program

January 13,

2015

Venue:

Lobby

1100-1300

Registration

and hotel check in

Island

Hopping 1400-1800

Tasik Dayang Bunting

Pulau Beras Basah

Eagle Feeding

** This Program more to Beach Activites like

snorkelling. Located in the middle of the sea with

crystal clear blue waters.

(Clothes : Suitable for beach activities)

Dinner 2000-2200 Dinner

January 14,

2015

Venue:

TBA

0830- 0840 Opening

Remarks

Dato’ Azuan Ahmad

IPN Network

0840-0920 Plenary

Speech 1

Dr. Salem S. Abu Amr

USM

0930-1000 Group Photo and Coffee Break

Venue:

TBA 1000-1230 Session 1

Venue:

TBA 1000-1230 Session 2

Venue:

Restaurant 1230-1330 Lunch

Venue:

TBA 1330-1600 Session 3

Venue:

TBA 1400-1600 Session 4

Venue :

TBA 160 -1630 Coffee Break

Venue:

restaurant 1630-1730 Best presenter /Best Paper Awards Ceremony

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Session 1

Time: 1030 – 1300

Venue: TBA

Session Chair: Dr. Salem S. Abu Amr

No Paper ID Presenter

1 001-ipccme Isolation and characterization of thermophilic bacteria producing L-asparaginase

from Malaysia hotspring and enzyme activity using different carbon and nitrogen

sources

Dzun Noraini Jimat*1, Intan Baizura Firda Mohamed 2, Azlin Suhaida Azmi 3, Zaki

Zainudin 4

International Islamic University Malaysia

2 002-ipccme The Potential of Quercetin in Psidium Guajava L. Leaves Extract as Urease

Bioinhibitor for Fertilizer Application.

Nur Kamila Ramli *1, Zahid Majeed 1, Anis Suhaila Shuib 1, Nurlidia Mansor 1,

Zakaria Man 1.

Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

3 004-ipccme Rice bran water extraction through autoclaving and sonication: Protein content

and amino acid profile

Nurul Izzah Abdul Rahim1, Noor Azian Morad* 2, Kamariah Long 3

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

4 032-ipccme Electrodeposition of CoNiFe alloy thin films in a sulfate solution

Ismail Hanafi *1, Abdul Razak Daud 1, Shahidan Radiman 1

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

5 038-ipccme Effects of Annealing Temperature on the Characteristics of Nanocrystalline Tin Di

oxide Thin Films

Imad H. Kadhim *1, 2 and H. Abu Hassan1

Universiti Sains Malaysia

6 010-ipccme BIT SELECTION USING DRILLING DATA BY ARTIFICIAL NEURAL

NETWORKS

MOHAMMADSADEGH MOMENI *1, MASOUD RASHIDI 2, PRETHIPKUMAR

A/L WATALINGAM 3

University Teknologi PETRONAS

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7 012-ipccme Optimized Model for Gas Distribution Network

Amin Yahyazadeh1 and Mohd Amin Abd Majid2

Universiti Teknologi Petronas

8 013-ipccme The Effect of Composition Different on the Gas Permeation properties of Tubular

membrane

Norazlianie Sazali, Zawati Harun

Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

9 014-ipccme Effect of Maltodextrin Concentrations at different drying temperatures on the

Physical and Drying Properties of the Spray-dried Pink Guava Powder

Mohammad Rezaul Islam Shishir, F.S.Taip*, N.A. Aziz, R.A. Talib, M. Saifullah

Universiti Putra Malaysia

10 016-ipccme Effect of Alkaline Treated Rice Husk on the Mechanical and Morphological

Properties

of Recycled HDPE/RH Composite

Mohd Hafizuddin Ab Ghani*1, Nishata Royan Rajendran Royan2, Sem Wee Kang3,

Abu Bakar Sulong2 and Sahrim Ahmad1

The National University of Malaysia

11 017-ipccme Effect of Operating Pressure on CO2 Absorption from Natural Gas in Packed

Absorption Column

Hairul Nazirah Abdul Halim1,2 and Azmi Mohd Shariff *1

Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

12 007-ipccme Post-treatment of polymer membrane through chemical and physical surface

modifications- A review

Siek-Lin Yeo1, Siek-Ting Yong*1, Abdul Wahab Mohammad2

Monash University Malaysia

13 008-ipccme The Effect of Carbon Fuel Properties and Pyrolysis Conditions on the

Electrochemical Performance of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell – A Review

Shu-Hong Lim1, Siek-Ting Yong*1, Chien-Wei Ooi1, Veena Doshi2, Wan Ramli Wan

Daud3

Monash University Malaysia

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Session 2

Time: 1030 - 1300

Venue: TBA

Session Chair: Dr. Mohammad Tazli Azizan

No Paper ID Presenter

1 005-ipccme Instability and corrosiveness of different biodiesel blends upon exposure to copper

M.A. Fazal*1, N. R. Suhaila2, A.S.M.A. Haseeb3

University of Malaya

2 019-ipccme Identification, characterization and extraction yield of Phenolics from Nephelium

Lappaceum leaves with phenol compounds (Gallic acid), as determined by FTIR and

UV/Vis spectroscopy for medical purpose.

Saima Khan*1, Asna M Zain 2, Thanapalan Murugesan 3

Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

3 020-ipccme Synthesis Of Chemically Modified Silica Gel With Amidoxime And Its Adsorption

Performance For The Removal Of Copper(II) And Lead(II) From Aqueous Phase

Eddy Mohd Farid M. Yusslee*1, M.R. Lutfor2, N.H. Dahon3, Sazmal E. Arshad4

Universiti Malaysia Sabah

4 021-ipccme The effect of Sawdust loading as natural short fiber on NBR/NRL-G compounds

Dahham Ommar .S*1a

, N.Z. Noriman1, 2b

, A. W. Mohd Kahar1c

, H. Ismail3c

, S.T. Sam4d

Universiti Malaysia Perlis

5 022-ipccme Comparison of Acid Hydrolysis and Combination System Method for Production of

Xylose from Meranti Wood Sawdust (MWS)

M.I Suharti 1, A.M. Mimi Sakinah *2

Universiti Malaysia Pahang

6 023-ipccme Effect of SDS Concentration on the Thermal Property and Performance of Low

Pressure Active Reverse Osmosis (LP-ARO) Membrane for Brackish and Seawater

Desalination

Nurul Syuhada Mohd Ali 1, Abdul Rahman Hassan *1, Rosli Mohd Yunus 2

Islamic Science University of Malaysia

7 024-ipccme Synthesis and Absorption Study of Polystyrene-graft-Poly(acrylic acid)/Hectorite

Superabsorbent Polymer Composite

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Nurul Fasiha Deraman *1, Nur Raihan Mohamed *2, Nadras Othman 3

Universiti Teknologi MARA

8 025-ipccme Fabrication of SAPO-34 and Silane-modified SAPO-34/Polyimide Mixed Matrix

Membranes for CO2/CH4 Separation

Lin Kiat Chua 1, Norwahyu Jusoh 2, Yin Fong Yeong *3

Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

9 026-ipccme New Method for Novolac Type Liquefied Coconut Coir Husk Lignin/ Phenol/

Formaldehyde Resin

Nur Amirah Abd Ghani*1,a, Nur Izzati Zakaria1, Dalina Samsudin1, Nor Mazlina Abdul

Wahab1, Noor Aishatun Majid1, Rusli Daik2 and Mohd Azlan Mohd Ishak1

Universiti Teknologi Mara

10 027-ipccme Effectiveness of Benzyl Triethylammonium Chloride for Corrosion Control on Carbon

Steel

Mohd Nazri Idris *1, 2, Abdul Razak Daud 1, Norinsan Kamil Othman 1

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

11 028-ipccme Resistance in Series Model for Ultrafiltration Xylose Reductase from Product mixtures

Noor Suzana Bakar1, A.M. Mimi Sakinah *1

Universiti Malaysia Pahang,

12 029-ipccme Isolation of Antioxidant Compound by TLC-based Approach from Limau Kasturi

(Citrus macrocarpa) Peels Extract

Rubiatul, Adawiyah. S.,*1 Nor Helya, I. K.,2 Dachyar, A.,3 Nurul Ain, H. A.4

Universiti Malaysia Perlis

13 035-ipccme EFFECT OF ADIPIC ACID COMPOSITION ON STRUCTURAL AND

CONDUCTIVITY SOLID BIOPOLYMER ELECTROLYTES BASED ON

CARBOXY METHYLCELLULOSE STUDIES

Mohd Lukhman Hakim Rozali , Nor .Hidayah Ahmad1, M.I.N. Isa1, 2*

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

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Session 3

Time: 1400 – 1600

Venue: TBA

Session Chair: Dr. Salem S. Abu Amr

No Paper ID Presenter

1 001-ipcit Recognizing the Important Requirements To Be Incorporated In the Green Building

Rating Tools

Muhamad Hafizi bin Mohd Thahrir *1, Ismail bin Abdul Rahman 2, Abdul Zaki bin Abd

Wahid 3

Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia,

2 002-ipcit Performance, Morphological and Molecular Studies of Active PVDF Ultrafiltration

(AUF) Membranes for Proteins Separation

Nur Izzah Md Fadilah 1, Abdul Rahman Hassan*1, Rosli Mohd Yunus 2

Islamic Science University of Malaysia

3 003-ipcit The characteristics of copper containing SBA-15 prepared by impregnation and pH

adjustment methods and their activities for N2O decomposition

Mohd Haizal Mohd Husin *1,2, Nugroho Dewayanto 2, Jinlin Li 3, Mohd Ridzuan

Nordin 2

Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

4 030-ipccme Microbial Corrosion of Carbon Steel by Tropical Environment Consortium Bacteria

containing SRB

Nur Akma Mahat 1, Norinsan Kamil Othman *1, Fathul Karim Sahrani 2, Mohd Nazri

Idris1,3

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

5 007-npcb FACING THE DILEMMAS ON VOTING BEHAVIOR AMONGST YOUTH IN

MALAYSIA ELECTION

Mohd Hafiz Mansor1, Abd Rahim Romle,PhD

2, Siti Nur illani Abd Hamid

3

Universiti Utara Malaysia

6 010-npcb SMEs Performance: Does Intellectual Capital Matter?

Salwa Muda 1, Mara Ridhuan Che Abdul Rahman

2

Universiti Teknologi MARA

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7 033-ipccme Empirical 17odelling study in predicting temperature profile within the convective

oven

Nur Syafikah Shahapuzi 1, Farah Saleena Taip* 2, Norashikin Ab Aziz 1 and Anvarjon

Ahmedov 1

Universiti Putra Malaysia

8 031-ipccme The Effect of Magnetic Field on Corrosion Inhibitor of Copper in 0.5M NaCl Solution

Ling Yuen Ang 1, Norinsan Kamil Othman

*1, Azman Jalar

1 and Ismayadi Ismail

2

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

9 036-ipccme Color and Volume Development of Cake Baking and Its Influence on Cake Qualities

Ramadhatul Akmal Mohamad *1, Farah Saleena Taip *1, Siti Mazlina Mustapa Kamal 1,

Siti Khairunniza Bejo 2

University Putra Malaysia

10 037-ipccme Microstructural Characterizations and Mechanical Properties in Friction Stir Welding

Technique of Dissimilar (Al-Cu) Sheets

Hassan I. Dawood1,2 , Kahtan S. Mohammed1, Azmi Rahmat1, M. B. Uday3

Universiti Malaysia Perlis

11 018-ipccme Development of cobalt-niobium bimetallic catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch reaction

Mohammad Tazli Azizan *1, Mir Muhammad Sohaib 1, Noorasmawati Mohd Zabidi 2

Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

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Session 4

Time: 1400 - 1600

Venue: TBA

Session Chair: Dr. Mohammad Abu Fazal

No Paper ID Presenter

1 001-ipcpms MIMO Channel Model On Spatial Correlation In Wireless Communication

Suzi Seroja Sarnin *1, Habibah Hashim 2, Siti Maisurah Sulong 3 , Nani Fazlina Naim4

Universiti Teknologi MARA

2 003-ipcpms Periodic Cellular Automata of Period-3

Nasir Ganikhodjaev , Nor Raihan Binti Mohamad Asimoni

International Islamic University Malaysia

3 004-ipcpms Conduction Mechanism of Solid Biopolymer Electrolytes System Based on

Carboxymethyl cellulose – Ammonium chloride

Nur Hidayah Ahmad1, Mohd. Ikmar Nizam Mohamad Isa*2

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

4 005-ipcpms Ionic Conductivity and Conduction Mechanism of Biodegradable Dual

Polysaccharides Blend Electrolytes

Khadijah Hilmun Kamarudin1, M.S.A Rani2 and M.I.N. Isa1,3,*

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

5 006-ipcpms Nanocrystals Titania/Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) Combined with Piper Betle Linn as a Dye

Source for Hybrid Solar Cells

Salmah Mohd Ghazali*1, Hasiah Salleh2, Mohd Sabri Mohd Ghazali3, Ahmad Nazri

Dagang1, Muhammad Aimy Mahfuzzan Mohd Zaini1, Zakiyah Ahmad3

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

6 007-ipcpms Structural and Conduction Studies of Solid Biopolymer Electrolytes System Based on

Carboxymethyl Cellulose

Noor Azniza M. Noor1, M.I.N. Isa *2

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

7 008-ipcpms Optical Studies of Nature Dyes Bixa Orellana (BO), Melastoma Malabathricum (MM),

Curcuma Longa (CL), Sauropus Androgynous (SA) and Pandanus Amarylitolius (PA)

using UV-Vis and FTIR Spectroscopy for Nature Dyes Solar Cell.

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Zakiyah Binti Ahmad**1, Mohd Sabri Bin Mohd Ghazali *2, Hasiah Binti Salleh***3,

Salmah Binti Mohd Ghazali **1, Muhamad Azman Bin Zulkifli**1

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,

8 009-ipcpms Concentrations of Pb, Ni and Cd in urine and tissue samples of southern Iraqi cancer

patients

Anees A. Al-Hamzawi*1, 2, M. S. Jaafar 1, Kabir N. A1, Nada F. Tawfiq 3

Universiti Sains Malaysia

9 010-ipcpms Ionic Conductivity and Structural Analysis of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Doped With

Ammonium Fluoride as Solid Biopolymer Electrolytes

M.A. Ramlli1, Khadijah Hilmun Kamarudin1 and M.I.N. Isa1,2,*

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

10 001-npcb Determinants of Malaysian Bond Ratings

M. Hafiz Ali *1, M. H. Yahya

2, N. A. Rahim

3

Universiti Putra Malaysia

11 004-npcb REALISTIC AGENDAS FOR FUTURE OF E-GOVERNMENT

IMPLEMENTATION IN MALAYSIA

Siti Nur Illani Abd Hamid1 Abd Rahim Romle, PhD

2, Mohd Hafiz Mansor

3

Universiti Utara Malaysia

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Conference Venue

Langkawi Seaview Hotel Lot40 Jalan Penarak, Kuah,

07000 Langkawi, Kedah

04-966 0600

Conference Secretariat Contact:

International Postgraduate Network (IPN.org)

37B Jalan Pelabur 23/B, Seksyen 23

40300 Shah Alam

Selangor Darul Ehsan

Malaysia

Phone No. : +6018-2189487 (call/sms/whatsapp)

Tel: +603-55486116/55455516

Fax no: +603-55480616

Programme website:

www.ipnconference.org

www.internationalpostgraduatenetwork.org

www.pgtsresources.com

Contact Person: Mr Shaiful

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Note

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Note

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List of Abstract

No Paper ID Presenter

1 001-ipccme Isolation and characterization of thermophilic bacteria producing L-asparaginase

from Malaysia hotspring and enzyme activity using different carbon and nitrogen

sources

Dzun Noraini Jimat*1, Intan Baizura Firda Mohamed

2, Azlin Suhaida Azmi

3, Zaki

Zainudin 4

1,2,3&4

International Islamic University Malaysia , Department of Biotechnology

Engineering , Faculty of Engineering, P.O. Box 10, 50728 , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Abstract- Background: L-asparaginase is being applied in medical field as well as food

industry. One of the common applications of the enzyme is being an effective antitumor

agent for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Microbial strains that are

producing L-asparaginase can be found in many habitats such soil, waste water and hot

springs. The continuous studies are essential to discover new microbial sources to obtain

high-yielding L-asparaginase producing strains that useful for therapeutic and industrial

applications.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to isolate thermophilic bacteria producing L-

asparaginase from Malaysia hotspring and to observe the L-asparaginase activity produced

by the isolated strains. The effect of using different carbon and nitrogen sources in M9

medium was studied to determine the best nutrient components which enhanced enzyme

activity.

Results: The potential strains producing good L-asparaginase activity were identified as

Klebsiella pneumoniae.SK1, Cronobacter sakazaaki.SK2, Acinetobacter baumanni.SK3,

Actinobacillus capsulatus.SK4, Klebsiella oxytoca.SK5, Cronobacter sakazaaki.SK6 and

Pseudomonas resinovorans.SK7 using Biolog GEN III Microplate Identification System.

Cronobacter sakazakii.SK2 shows the highest L-asparaginase activity (0.17±0.0055 U/ml)

among others. However, Acinetobacter baumanni.SK3 was selected for further studies

because of highly pathogenic Cronobacter sp. All of the isolated bacteria are gram negative

bacteria. Most of them are rod shaped bacteria except for Acinetobacter sp. which sphere in

shape. All of them are unable to produce indole compound. Most of them show negative in

oxidase activity (except Pseudomonas sp.) and positive in reducing nitrate (except

Pseudomonas sp.) and catalase activity (except Klebsiella sp.). L-asparaginase activity was

high in presence of sucrose (0.149±0.0049 U/ml). Production medium amended with

peptone favored maximum enzyme activity (0.0725 ±0.018 U/ml).

Conclusion: Sungai Klah Hotspring is one of the potential sources of useful microbial that

can be used as a source of bioactive compound like L-asparaginase. It is recommended to

enhance or optimize the enzyme production before such new thermophilic bacterial strains

could be considered attractive sources to be used in industrial L-asparaginase production.

2 002-ipccme The Potential of Quercetin in Psidium Guajava L. Leaves Extract as Urease

Bioinhibitor for Fertilizer Application.

Nur Kamila Ramli *1, Zahid Majeed

1, Anis Suhaila Shuib

1, Nurlidia Mansor

1, Zakaria

Man 1.

1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 31750 Tronoh,

Perak, Malaysia.

24

Abstract- This study was done to investigate the usage of natural products as one of the

materials in fertilizer application. Urease inhibitors that are commonly used in agriculture

are usually chemical based which affects the environment. Introducing natural products will

ensure biodegradability of the material. Psidium Guajava L. (guava) has been reported to

have properties such as antibacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and anti ulcer for medical

purposes. Guava leaves extract contains an active compound named quercetin that was

successfully reported to exhibit significant urease inhibitory activities. Spectrophotometric

method was used in this study with the theory of Beer’s Law in order to measure the

changes in ammonia concentration. Small reduction of ammonia (NH3) concentration with

different about 0.1 mol/L was calculated and the releasing was almost equal till the end of

incubation time. The guava leaves extract prepared showed the potential to reduce the

release of NH3 concentration during urea application.

3 003-ipccme Characterization of Sugar-rich extract of Oil Palm Frond as Substrate in fermentation

for Bio-butanol Production.

Abubakar Sadiq Aliyu1,3, Azhar Abdul aziz

1 , Adibah Yahya

2 and Zulkanain Abdul Lattiff

1

1Automotive Development Centre (ADC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM), 81310

Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia) 2Faculty of Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM),

81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia. 3Department. of Mechanical Engineering, Kaduna Polytechnic, P.M.B 2021, Kaduna,

Nigeria

Abstract- Malaysia is known as a world’s leading producers and exporters of palm oil,

accounting for about 89% of it,s export. Palm oil industries and plantation was reported to

produce 38,256dry ktons of oil palm lignocellulosic waste which comprised 44% of oil palm

frond (OPF). The use of these biomass particularly oil palm frond (OPF) for production of

environmentally friendly bio-butanol fuel has become an attractive approach. As

fermentation substrate, Oil Palm frond liquid extract has the potential for biobutanol

production due its high sugar content and readily available during pruning and harvesting in

the plantation. The objective of the present work is to study the relative measure of the

reducing sugar concentration and also provide insight into saccharification process of oil

palm frond extract as fermentable sugar substrate towards biofuel production. The total

reducing sugar concentration in OPF extract was determined using Dinitrosalicyclic acid

(DNS) Method. The result of 40.50g/l glucose yield obtained indicate that OPF petiole

viability as a promising new fermentation feedstock for biofuel production. Hence, the

potential of fermentable sugar content of OPF extract met all the criteria as effective

fermentation substrate being renewable, readily available and free from microbial inhibition,

product formation and impurities.

4 004-ipccme Rice bran water extraction through autoclaving and sonication: Protein content and

amino acid profile

Nurul Izzah Abdul Rahim1, Noor Azian Morad*

2, Kamariah Long

3

1Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology,

54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malayisa. 2 Professor, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Centre of Lipids Engineering and Advanced

Research, Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology, 54100 Kuala Lumpur,

Malaysia. 3 Doctor, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Biotechnology

Research Centre, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Abstract- Rice bran is one of the co-products from rice milling process that has high protein

content among many other beneficial minerals and nutrients. Recently there are a few novel

water-based extraction methods introduced such as subcritical and hydrothermal extraction.

However simpler methods of water extract such as autoclaving and sonication can produce

comparable results. Therefore in this study, a method is introduced to extract protein from

25

raw rice bran by mixing full-fat unstabilized rice bran with water (5%, w/v) and autoclaved

at 140 °C for 15, 30, 45 and 60 min. Soluble protein content and amino acid profile of the

extracts were analyzed. 60 min autoclaving time produced extract with the best soluble

protein content of 8.41 g/100g ±0.022 and the best amino acid profile with highest content

of essential and conditional amino acids, 1.64 g/100g ±0.002 and 1.40 g/100g ±0.001,

respectively .Therefore this selected extract was further treated by sonicating the rice bran-

water mixture for 5 min before or/and after the autoclaving. Based on the soluble protein

content results, combination with sonication does not improve protein extraction.

5 005-ipccme Instability and corrosiveness of different biodiesel blends upon exposure to copper

M.A. Fazal*1, N. R. Suhaila

2, A.S.M.A. Haseeb

3

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya,50603 Kuala Lumpur,

Malaysia 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya,50603 Kuala Lumpur,

Malaysia 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya,50603 Kuala Lumpur,

Malaysia

Abstract- Biodiesel is a promising alternative fuel to petroleum diesel. It becomes more

popular since it can be produced from renewable sources and has very close fuel properties

to those of diesel. However, biodiesel is comparatively more corrosive than diesel. It is auto-

oxidative in nature and thereby becomes more corrosive for automotive materials. The

present study aims to investigate the instability and corrosiveness of different biodiesel

blends upon exposure to copper. The investigated fuels are B0 (diesel), B20 (20% biodiesel

in petroleum diesel), B50 and B100 (biodiesel). Immersion test in the presence (100ppm)

and absence of additives were carried out for 600 h and 1200 h at room temperature (25-

27°C). Used additives are TBA (tert-Butylamine) and BHA (Butylated Hydroxy Anisole). At

the end of the test, corrosion of copper was examined by weight loss measurement and

changes on the metal surface. Metal surfaces were characterized by scanning electron

microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) and X-ray diffraction

pattern (XRD). Fuel properties were investigated by density meter (DMA 35), and Rancimat

analysis. Results show that corrosion rate of copper in B50 and B100 increases with the

increase of immersion time. Corrosion rate of copper in B0 and B20 are very close and does

not significantly change with immersion time. BHA is found to be effective in reducing

oxidation of biodiesel, while TBA reduces the metal surface degradation.

6 007-ipccme Post-treatment of polymer membrane through chemical and physical surface

modifications- A review

Siek-Lin Yeo1, Siek-Ting Yong*

1, Abdul Wahab Mohammad

2

1 Multidisciplinary Platform of Advanced Engineering, Discipline of Chemical Engineering,

School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar

Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia 2 Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built

Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Malaysia

Abstract- Post-treatment of polymer membrane are studied as an effort in improving the

separation performance. Recently, chemical surface modifications of polymer membrane are

of great interest focuses in producing a membrane with surface property that is distinct from

the bulk of membrane. This distinct property of modified surface can potentially improve

the solubility selectivity of the membrane, while the diffusion selectivity of the membrane

bulk is maintained, forming a membrane with good physic-chemical property. However, the

surface modification methods introduced up to present still fail in producing a polymer

membrane that is ideal, without trading between selectivity and permeability. This trade-off

trend between selectivity and permeability after surface modification could be a result of

restricted accessibility between modified surface and membrane bulk. The surface

modification methods through chemical and physical processes previously studied and

26

reported are discussed in this review. The main objective of all these surface modification

techniques are to produce a membrane with high chemi-sorption and physic-sorption

properties. Surface modification with chemical processes are potentially one of the effective

way of post-treating the surface of membrane as it is able to form a surface with high

solubility selectivity while retaining the diffusion selectivity of the membrane bulk. Among

a few common chemical processes for surface modification such as grafting and cross-

linking; chain-end grafting, also named as chain-end enrichment could be an effective way

to produce a membrane with distinctly modified surface with highly permeable membrane

bulk.

7 008-ipccme The Effect of Carbon Fuel Properties and Pyrolysis Conditions on the Electrochemical

Performance of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell - A Review

Shu-Hong Lim1, Siek-Ting Yong*

1, Chien-Wei Ooi

1, Veena Doshi

2, Wan Ramli Wan Daud

3

1Multidisciplinary Platform of Advanced Engineering, Chemical Engineering Discipline,

School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar

Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. 2Discipline of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Taylor’s University Malaysia,

No.1 Jalan Taylors, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. 3Fuel Cell Institute, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor,

Malaysia.

.

Abstract- Direct carbon fuel cell offers an efficient alternative to conventional combustion

system for electricity generation. The most attractive feature is its remarkably high overall

system efficiency. However, the implementation of this technique is restricted by the limited

solid-solid contact between the carbon fuel and electrode. This reviews discusses a sets of

chemical and physical properties of the carbon fuel that contribute to the electrochemical

performance of the fuel cell. These properties include chemical composition, surface

functional groups, graphitic structure and textural properties. Meanwhile, biomass can be

employed as a sustainable carbon fuel source after undergoing pyrolysis, a thermal

pretreatment process. It is essential to control the pyrolysis operating conditions such as the

temperature, heating rate and residence time as these conditions would affect the chemical

and physical properties of the carbon fuel, ultimately contributing to the electrochemical

performance of the fuel cell.

8 009-ipccme The effect of temperature on optoelectronic properties of combinatorially deposited tin

antimony sulphide thin films for photovoltaics

Nisar Ali *1, Rashid Ahmed **

2, Amir Uddin Shaari

3

1 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai,

81310 Johor, Malaysia

Abstract- Thin film of tin antimony sulphide was synthesized combinatorially with thermal

evaporation techniques. The annealing of the film was done inside glass ampoule in the

presence of argon gas at 175°C. Ten points of different composition were selected for

characterization purpose. The XRD shows the SnSb2S4 phase for the annealed film. Many

points in the film have good absorbance and there is no transmittance below visible range.

The transmittance decreases with the increase of antimony contents. The film has good

photoconductivity and few points in the thin film are highly photoactive. The resistivity of

the film is calculated by four probe method.

9 010-ipccme BIT SELECTION USING DRILLING DATA BY ARTIFICIAL NEURAL

NETWORKS

MOHAMMADSADEGH MOMENI *1, MASOUD RASHIDI

2, PRETHIPKUMAR A/L

WATALINGAM 3

1 Petroleum Engineering Department, University Teknologi Petronas Bandar Seri Iskandar,

27

31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia

ms.momeni65@yahoo.com

2,3 Petroleum Engineering Department, University Teknologi Petronas Bandar Seri

Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia

Abstract- Drill bits are one of the most important parts in a drilling process. Hence, the bit

selection is a major practice in drilling process. Also, the effect of drilling bit at overall cost

is considerably high; bit selection is mentioned as an important task in planning and

designing of new wells. In order to perform this task, a back propagation ANN Model is

developed by training the model for several wells. This model is based on drilling bit

records from offset wells. In this project, two models will be developed by the usage of the

ANN. One is to find out the predicted IADC bit code and the other is to calculate Predicted

rate of penetration (ROP). Stage 1 was to find the IADC bit code by using the entire given

field data. This data includes bit size, rate of penetration, weight on bit, rate per minute,

depth, mud weight and drilling interval. The output is the Targeted IADC bit code. Stage 2 is

to find the Predicted ROP values. This time, the data is used as input in the ANN modeling

process which includes bit size, weight on bit, rate per minute, depth, mud weight and

drilling interval. The output is the rate of penetration. Thus, at the end there will be two

models that give the Predicted ROP values and Predicted IADC bit code values. The

minimum mean squared error (MSE) of 3.7 and 3.36 and coefficient of determination (R2)

of 0.94 and 0.95 was found for IADC bit codes and ROP respectively. The results indicated

that there is a good agreement between the field data and predicted values using the ANN

model.

10 011-ipccme Study of Calcination Temperature and Concentration of NaOH Effect on Cristallinity

of Silica from Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA)

Norhasyimi Rahmat *1, Mohd Alfie Sabali

1 Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam,

Sugarcane bagasse ash is a by-product produced from bagasse burning in sugarcane

industry. SCBA contain high concentration of silica as well as aluminium. Iron and alkaline

earth oxide. In this study, an approach of ash preparation, acid washing and acid leaching

have been proposed to extract silica from different concentration of sodium hydroxide.

NaOH at 3M and 4M were prepared for silica extraction. The microstructure of silica

particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared

Spectroscopy (FTIR). At 1000°C, the peaks for silica quartz appeared at multiple angle

compared to that of at 600°C. Moreover, significant intensity level difference was also

observed. However, at different concentration of sodium hydroxide used for silica extraction

had shown insignificant effect on the crystalinity level of silica quartz obtained.

11 012-ipccme Optimized Model for Gas Distribution Network

Amin Yahyazadeh1 and Mohd Amin Abd Majid

2

1 Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tronoh, Malaysia

1 Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tronoh, Malaysia

Abstract- Background: Gas is produced at locations remote from users. The gas needs to be

transported to the users, normally located in the towns and cities. The transporting of the gas

are usually done using pipe network. Since it is costly, an important issue is to optimize the

cost of transportation. This paper presents a method to optimize the natural gas network

based on linear programming. Iran's gas network was investigated in this study. There are

many gas sources in Iran which cover very large area. Objective: Zero-one programming

model was developed for this study to find the optimum gas network in Iran. The model

considers capacity of gas production sites, refining at gas distribution centers and amount of

demand by the consumers. Among the variables incorporated in the model are cost and

amount of gas to be transported to the consumers. Results: Results of the analysis indicated

that using the model the transportation cost could be reduced by approximately 15 per cent.

28

12 013-ipccme The Effect of Composition Different on the Gas Permeation properties of Tubular

membrane

N. Sazali, Zawati Harun 1Advance Materials and Manufacturing Centre (AMMC),

2Faculty of Mechanical and

Manufacturing Engineering, (Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.)

W.N.W. Salleh, A.F. Ismail, N.A.H.M. Nordin 3Advance Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC),

4Faculty of Petroleum and

Renewable Energy Engineering, (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.)

Abstract- Gas separation enhanced a main manufacturing request of membrane technology

just through the past 20 years, but the analysis of gas separation essentially started already.

For specific gas separation, carbon membrane offer an improvement in permeability and

selectivity, due to the excellent separation may be achieved even between gases with almost

similar molecular size. Carbon membranes produced from the carbonization of polymeric

materials have been reported as an effective process for gas separation due to its ability to

separate a gas mixture at any desired temperatures, up to temperature where carbon

membrane begins to deteriorate. In this study, tubular supported carbon membrane was

prepared using Matrimid 5218 as polymeric precursor. The polymer solution was coated on

the surface of ceramic tubes by using dip-coating method. In order to produce a high

performance of carbon membrane, the composition different during the carbon membrane

fabrication was studied. The polymer tubular membrane was then carbonized under Argon

atmosphere at different composition of 5wt%, 10wt%, 13wt%, 15wt%, and 18wt%. Pure gas

permeation tests were performed using CO2 and N2 at room temperature with pressure 8

bars. Based on the results, the highest CO2/ N2 selectivity of 79.69 was obtained for carbon

membrane prepared with 15wt% polymer composition. In fact, a carbon membrane with

composition of 15%wt of Matrimid has higher density compared with others. It shows that

the polymer chains formed has increased the packing density of the membranes.

13 014-ipccme Effect of Maltodextrin Concentrations at different drying temperatures on the Physical

and Drying Properties of the Spray-dried Pink Guava Powder

M.R.I. Shishir, F.S.Taip*, N.A. Aziz, R.A. Talib, M. Saifullah

Universiti Putra Malaysia, Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of

Engineering, Seri Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract- Pink guava is easily perishable fruit with attractive pink color and a unique flavor.

Thus, the production of pink guava powder through spray drying is seen as a better

alternative to increase its shelf life and preserve its quality. Thus, this research investigated

the effect of different parameters on the physical and drying properties of the spray-dried

pink guava powder. The pink guava juice was spray-dried with the inlet air temperature of

150ºC to 170ºC and the carrier agent of 10% to 20% of maltodextrin was added. Although,

there was no significant interaction (MDC×T) on the physical and drying properties, all

properties were individually affected at p<0.01 by the drying temperature and MD

concentration. The most remarkable result was found in 15% of the MDC at 150ºC where

lower particle size led to the highest bulk density 492kg/m³) that was mostly desired, and the

drying rate of about at 307gm/hr increased the powder yield by 15%. In the case of color

attributes, the higher color ratio a*/b* and lower color change that indicates better color

retention than the others were found in 10% and 15% MDC at 150ºC. However, the powder

produced with 15% of MDC at 150ºC was found to be more satisfactory because of the

moderate moisture content within the target range of below 5%, the highest bulk density,

maximum production of 60% and significant color attributes.

14 015-ipccme Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Pb-Free SAC 105 and SAC 305 Solder Alloys:

A Comparative Study

M. Fayeka *1, M. A. Fazal

2, A. S. M. A. Haseeb

3

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya,50603 Kuala Lumpur,

29

Malaysia 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya,50603 Kuala Lumpur,

Malaysia 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya,50603 Kuala Lumpur,

Malaysia

Abstract- The corrosion behavior of lead free tin based solder alloys such as Sn97.0Ag3.0,

Sn98.5Ag1.0Cu0.5 and Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5 was investigated in 3.5% NaCl solution by

potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Scanning

electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray

diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the samples. The results showed that the

addition of copper with Sn-3Ag solder alloy exhibited better corrosion resistance while

lowering of Ag content decreased the resistance. The presence of tin oxyhydroxychlorides

was detected at the surface of solder alloy after polarization tests. The better corrosion

resistance of Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5 solder alloy could be ascribed to the formation of compact

and adherent corrosion product on the metal surface.

15 016-ipccme Effect of Alkaline Treated Rice Husk on the Mechanical and Morphological Properties

of Recycled HDPE/RH Composite

Mohd Hafizuddin Ab Ghani*1

, Nishata Royan Rajendran Royan2, Sem Wee Kang

3, Abu

Bakar Sulong2 and Sahrim Ahmad

1

1

Faculty of Science and Technology, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi,

Selangor, Malaysia 2

Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, The National University of Malaysia,

43600 Bangi Selangor, Malaysia 3 Faculty of Applied Science, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Abstract- Background: WPCs are composite materials that pose hybrid properties from

polymers and plant fibers. Currently, there are an increasing number of research studies and

developments in WPC technology involving rice husk (RH) as fillers. The poor

compatibility between hydrophilic RH and hydrophobic recycled high density polyethylene

(rHDPE) leads to reduced mechanical properties of the composite. Objective: In this study,

surface treatment on RH was investigated via alkaline treatment using sodium hydroxide

(NaOH) in order to see the effect of alkaline treatment on the mechanical and morphological

properties of rHDPE/RH composite. The composites were prepared with five different

loading contents of

RH fibers (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt %) using the twin screw extrusion method. Maleic

anhydride grafted polyethylene (MAPE) was added as a coupling agent. Results: Results for

SEM micrographs showed that treated-RH and treated RHrHDPE composites pose a

rougher surface due to the alkaline treatment and revealed good interfacial bonding between

the fiber and polymer matrix. In tensile and flexural test, 40% of treated RH loading

composite has the highest reading. However, the impact strength of the composites

decreased as the RH loading increased. This may due to the fibers interaction appeared to

block the matrix flow and result in reduced polymer’s chain motility. Conclusion: The

surface modification via alkaline treatment of RH did modify the surface properties. As a

result, improving the compatibility between hydrophilic RH and hydrophobic rHDPE thus

giving good mechanical and morphological properties of composite.

16 017-ipccme Effect of Operating Pressure on CO2 Absorption from Natural Gas in Packed

Absorption Column

Hairul Nazirah Abdul Halim1,2

and Azmi Mohd Shariff *1

1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri

Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia. 2 School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian

Jejawi 3, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.

30

Abstract- Background: Carbon dioxide (CO2) removal from natural gas is one of the main

steps in natural gas purification which usually been conducted at high pressure conditions.

However, most CO2 absorption studies that use amine based solvents were conducted at

atmospheric pressure. Objective: This study reports the effect of operating pressure on CO2

removal from natural gas using monoethanolamine (MEA) solvent in a packed absorption

column. The effects operating pressure (0.1, 3.0 and 5.0 MPa) and comparison of liquid

flow rate (2.89 and 3.61 m3/m2.h) which conducted at 0.1 and 5.0 MPa were evaluated in

terms of CO2 removal (%). Results: The operating pressure had improved the performance

of CO2 absorption in a packed absorption column to approximately 60% CO2 removal

when the operating pressure was increased from 0.1 to 5.0 MPa. The effect of liquid flow

rate studied at different operating pressures also proved that at higher operating pressures,

the absorption of CO2 was superior compared to at lower pressure. Conclusion: The

operating pressure had a significant impact on CO2 absorption in natural gas using MEA

solvent in a packed absorption column.

17 018-ipccme Development of cobalt-niobium bimetallic catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch reaction

Mohammad Tazli Azizan *1, Mir Muhammad Sohaib

1, Noorasmawati Mohd Zabidi

2

1 Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 31750

Perak, Malaysia 2 Fundamental & Applied Science Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri

Iskandar 31750 Perak, Malaysia

Abstract- The synthesis, characterization and performance evaluation in Fischer-Tropsch

reaction of silica supported cobalt and niobium bimetallic catalysts prepared through the

reverse microemulsion method are discussed here. The physiochemical properties of the

catalyst were analysed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and N2 physical

adsorption.. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was carried out in a fixed-bed microreactor at 493 K,

1 atm, H2:CO molar ratio of 2:1 and space velocity, SV = 20 mL/min. TEM analysis

indicated that addition of niobium changes the structure of cobalt particles from spherical to

hexagonal in structure. CO conversion for all the catalysts were between 10 -11% only. The

lowest CH4 selectivity and highest C5+ selectivity were 6.58% and 8.79% respectively as

shown by 95Co5Nb/SiO2. All sample catalyst produce high olefin content with the highest

being 88.74% (90Co10Nb/SiO2). In general all the synthesized catalysts were found to be

more suitable to make olefin rather than paraffin, which needs to be further hydrogenated for

alkane production. The low production of C5+ however is also subjected to low reaction

pressure and Nb is suitable to be the catalyst promoter instead as a bimetallic couple to Co.

18 019-ipccme Identification, characterization and extraction yield of Phenolics from Nephelium

Lappaceum leaves with phenol compounds (Gallic acid), as determined by FTIR and

UV/Vis spectroscopy for medical purpose.

Saima Khan*1, Asna M Zain

2, Thanapalan Murugesan

3

1,2,3

Department of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Box.31750.Seri-

Iskander. Perak, Malaysia.

Abstract- Background: Currently bioactive principles of plants and their nano-products

have been extensively studied for medicinal use. Current study discusses the phenolic

compound extracted from N.Lappaceum leaves four solvents in methanol, ethanol,

isopropanol and acetone. Method: UV/Vis spectrophotometer and FTIR spectroscopy

technique is used to identify the extracted phenolic compound from N.Lappaceum leaves.

The finger print region was recorded (500-4000 cm-1) for each extract and functional

groups were matched with GA standard. Objective: To investigate the extracted phenolic

compound from N.Lappaceum leaves and compare with pure GA by UV/Vis

spectrophotometer and characterization by FTIR spectroscopy and TGA method. Results:

The highest yield of GA was recorded in ethanol at 270 nm rich in polar molecules than

other solvents. The moisture content (%) in N.Lappaceum leaves 51.24 was recorded. The

phenolic compound (GA) was determined by FTIR from E1. 865.94, 1234.74, 1386.12,

31

1541.25, 1714.22, 2669.36, 3043.51, 3281.96, and 3495.9778cm-1 followed in M1, IP1 and

AC1. TGA showed 96.6% weight loss of NL leaves at 700OC which indicates the complete

combustion. Conclusion: FTIR is a useful method to investigate the phenolic compound

from N.Lappaceum leaves and composition of different solvent extract. GA (GA) has

therapeutic application in hypertension and inflammatory diseases. Because of its

pharmacological application isolation of active compound GA is essential for the treatment

of Type 2 diabetes.

19 020-ipccme Synthesis Of Chemically Modified Silica Gel With Amidoxime And Its Adsorption

Performance For The Removal Of Copper(II) And Lead(II) From Aqueous Phase

Eddy M.F.M. Yusslee*1, M.R. Lutfor

2, N.H. Dahon

3, Sazmal E. Arshad

4

1,3

Preparatory Centre for Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota

Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. 2 Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300

Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. 4 Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota

Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.

Abstract- Chemically modified silica gel with amidoxime groups was synthesized by

silanization with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) followed by addition of

acrylonitrile (AN) monomer to produce acrylonitrile modified silica (AN-SiO2). The

product undergoes amidoximation reaction after been treated with alkaline hydroxylamine

hydrochloride solution to produce amidoxime modified silica (Ami-SiO2). The final product

was used as an adsorbent for copper(II) and lead(II) metal ions removal. All the structures of

adsorbent and intermediate were characterized by FT-IR, SEM and elemental analysis to

justify the presence of organic groups during and after modification. The optimum

conditions for the removal of both metals at an initial concentration of 50 mg/L were at pH6

and 2 hours of contact time. The removal of Cu2+ and Pb2+ by Ami-SiO2 was substantially

higher compared to its unmodified form. The sorption capacities of metal ions by Ami-SiO2

were pH-dependent, and the selectivity of the adsorbent towards Cu2+ was higher compared

to Pb2+. The rate of exchange was rapid, which was t1/2 < 10 min for both of Cu2+ and

Pb2+.

20 021-ipccme The effect of Sawdust loading as natural short fiber on NBR/NRL-G compounds

Dahham O.S*1a

, N.Z. Noriman1, 2b

, A. W. Mohd Kahar1c

, H. Ismail3c

, S.T. Sam4d

1Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), School of

Materials Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kompleks Pengajian Jejawi

2, 02600 Arau, Malaysia. 2Faculty of Engineering Technology (FETech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP),

Engineering Centre and Innovasion, 1st Floor, Admistration Building Pauh Putra Main

Campus, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. 3 School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong

Tebal, 14300 Penang, Malaysia 4School of bioprocess engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kompleks

Pengajian Jejawi1, 02600 Arau, Malaysia

Abstract- In this study, sawdust (SD) has used as a short natural fiber to reinforce

acrylonitrile butadiene rubber / recycled natural latex glove (NBR/NRL-G) compound.

Sawdust fiber (SD) has been grinded and screened to form (300µm-700µm) size. Different

loading of (SD) (5,10,15 and 20 phr) has been used and prepared by two-roll mill machine at

room temperature. Several tests were used to study characteristics and properties of this

compound. The testing such as cure characteristics, morphology, tensile and physical

properties are determined. The scorch time (ts2), cure times (t90), minimum torque (ML)

and the maximum torque (MH) of NBR/NRL-G/SD increased with increasing of the

sawdust content in the compound. This was contributed to the increase the time for

crosslinking initiation and increases the adhesion bonding between matrix and filler. The

32

5phr loading of (SD) which filled the NBR/NRL-G compound was the higher tensile

properties than other (SD) loading.

21 022-ipccme Comparison of Acid Hydrolysis and Combination System Method for Production of

Xylose from Meranti Wood Sawdust (MWS)

M.I Suharti 1, A.M. Mimi Sakinah

*2

1 Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan Pahang

Darul Makmur

2 Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan Pahang D

arul Makmur

Abstract- Background: Meranti wood sawdust (MWS) is a liglocellulosic materials that

contains of three main components of polymer which are cellulose, hemicellulose and

lignin. It is consist of > 29% of xylan that made up from pentose sugar xylose. Objective: To

compare the production of xylose from Meranti wood sawdust (MWS) by using chemical

method and combination system method (physical and biological process). Results:

Chemical process shows much faster reaction time in order higher xylose production than

combination system method, but the production of byproduct (furfural) is main

disadvantages in chemical process. The maximum yield obtained were 14.13 g/l and 13.60

g/g using 40 minutes acid hydrolysis and 1455 minutes reaction period in combination

system method respectively. Conclusion: The results obtained from the present study clearly

indicate that the potential utilization of MWS by using both method for the production of

xylose which can serve as functional food ingredients such as xylitol.

22 023-ipccme Effect of SDS Concentration on the Thermal Property and Performance of Low

Pressure Active Reverse Osmosis (LP-ARO) Membrane for Brackish and Seawater

Desalination

Nurul Syuhada Mohd Ali 1, Abdul Rahman Hassan *

1, Rosli Mohd Yunus

2

1 Industrial Membrane Technology Lab (IMTL), Department of Industrial Chemical

Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Islamic Science University of Malaysia

(USIM), 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources

Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang,

Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.

Abstract- This study reported the preparation of newly low pressure active reverse osmosis

(LP-ARO) membrane by phase inversion technique. The effect of different concentration of

Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS) surfactant on thermal property and performance of LP-

ARO membrane were determined. Using brackish and seawater as samples, the membrane

performance was evaluated in terms of PWP, flux and salt rejection. Experimental data

revealed that 2.0 wt. % of SDS was found to be the optimum concentration for the

production of LP-ARO membrane with good thermal property and high performance of

brackish and seawater desalination.

23 024-ipccme Synthesis and Absorption Study of Polystyrene-graft-Poly(acrylic acid)/Hectorite

Superabsorbent Polymer Composite

Nurul Fasiha Deraman *1

, Nur Raihan Mohamed *2

, Nadras Othman 3

1 Division of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA

Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.

2 Division of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA

Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.

3 Division of Polymer Engineering, School of Materials & Mineral resources Engineering,

USM Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang,

Malaysia

33

Abstract- A novel of Superabsorbent Polymer Composite (SAPC) was synthesized through

emulsion polymerization technique based on partially neutralized acrylic acid (AA) grafted

onto waste polystyrene foam using N,N’-Methylenebisacrylamide (NMBA) and Ammonium

Persulphate (APS) , as crosslinker and initiator respectively. The purpose of this study is to

prepare a superabsorbent polymer hydrogel composite using hectorite clay as the

reinforcement and also to study the effect of incorporation of hectorite clay on water uptake

capacity .Swelling studies were carried out in distilled water and saline water. Besides,

SAPC was characterized using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) .The FTIR results

confirmed that the grafting polymerization took place among the polystyrene, acrylic acid

and hectorite clay. Then, the introduction of hectorite particles in the superabsorbent

polymer increased the water absorbency.Superabsorbent composite containing 6 wt %

hectorite has the highest water absorbency (65.34 g/g in distilled water and 21.3 g/g in 1.0

wt % NaCl solution).

24 025-ipccme Fabrication of SAPO-34 and Silane-modified SAPO-34/Polyimide Mixed Matrix

Membranes for CO2/CH4 Separation

Lin Kiat Chua 1, Norwahyu Jusoh

2, Yin Fong Yeong *

3

Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri

Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia.

Abstract- Background: Natural gas has emerged as one of the important constituents of the

world’s supply of energy. Increasing demand of natural gas pushes the industry to

vigorously separate impurities including CO2 in order to produce high quality of natural gas.

Recently, membrane separation has become a promising technology in CO2 removal.

Objective: In the present research, a series of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were

fabricated. Different compositions of SAPO-34 and SAPO-34 modified with (3-

aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (APTES) were incorporated into 6FDA-durene polyimide. The

synthesized SAPO-34 and silane-modified SAPO-34 were characterized by using Fourier

Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the resultant MMMs were characterized by

using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). The

CO2/CH4 separation performances of the membranes were also tested. Results: The

morphology of the silane-modified SAPO-34/6FDA-durene MMMs showed the

improvement on the compatibility between the polymeric and inorganic phases. EDX results

showed that the inorganic SAPO-34 particles were evenly distributed in the polymer matrix

and no sign of agglomeration. However, all MMMs showed lower separation performance

compared to pure 6FDA-durene membrane. Conclusion: The reduction of separation

performance could be due to the rigidification of polymer matrix.

25 026-ipccme New Method for Novolac Type Liquefied Coconut Coir Husk Lignin/ Phenol/

Formaldehyde Resin

Nur Amirah Abd Ghani*1,a

, Nur Izzati Zakaria1, Dalina Samsudin

1, Nor Mazlina Abdul

Wahab1, Noor Aishatun Majid

1, Rusli Daik

2 and Mohd Azlan Mohd Ishak

1

1

Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), 02600 Arau, Perlis,

Malaysia 2School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology,

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM),

43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract- Novolac type resin was prepared by two stage liquefaction process of coconut

coir husk (CCH) in phenol using sulphuric acid as catalyst. The result showed the yield

percentage of lignin in CCH through extraction process is 44 %. The effect of different

concentration of CCH (3, 5, and 7 %) on the amount of free phenol and phenol conversion

were studied. Phenolated CCH i.e product of first stage was analyzed with High

Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to identify the amount of free phenol and

phenol conversion. The calculated free phenol in conventional novolac resin shows the

34

lowest percentage i.e 0.39 %, while Phenolated CCH at 3, 5 and 7 % shows 5.49, 4.78 and

4.71 % of free phenol, respectively. However, for phenol conversion, conventional novolac

resin shows the highest percentage i.e 99.61 % as compared to 94.51, 95.22 and 95.28 % in

3, 5 and 7 % CCH, respectively. The HPLC results indicate the amount of free phenol and

phenol conversion was optimum at 7% phenol to CCH. Fourier Transform Infrared

Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis has been done on the Resinified Phenolated CCH, a product

of second stage to identify the functional group present in the structure. FTIR spectrum

shows that at different concentration of CCH, there are similar main peaks to that of the

conventional novolac resin. Hence, it can be suggested that 7 % of CCH is the most suitable

concentration because lignin of CCH could partially substitute phenol in novolac resin

synthesis.

26 027-ipccme Effectiveness of Benzyl Triethylammonium Chloride for Corrosion Control on Carbon

Steel

Mohd Nazri Idris *1, 2

, Abdul Razak Daud 1, Norinsan Kamil Othman

1

1 School of Applied Physic, Faculty of Science and technology, Universiti Kebangsaan

Malaysia, 43500 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia 2 School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia,

Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang

Abstract- Corrosion prevention by organic inhibitor was providing worldwide interest in

order to manage and minimize the corrosion menace. This is due to the ability of this

organic inhibitor to adsorb onto the metal surface and forms a thin film to give protection

and a barrier for metal surface from corrosive species. Among this type of inhibitor, organic

compounds containing element such as sulfur, oxygen, phosphorus and nitrogen are the most

effective. The aim of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of benzyl triethylammonium

chloride (BTC) as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in sulfuric acid medium. This study

was carried out by weight loss method and surface morphology. The result revealed that the

inhibition efficiency of this inhibitor increases up to 60% with the increment of its

concentration but vice versa with temperature. This result was also proven by scanning

electron microscope. The prevention mode of this inhibitor is found to follow Freundlich

adsorption isotherm and the adsorption process obeying physisorption mechanism. Based on

these analyses, it is concluded that BTC is potentially being used to prevent carbon steel in

sulfuric acid medium.

27 028-ipccme Resistance in Series Model for Ultrafiltration Xylose Reductase from Product mixtures

B. Noor Suzana 1, A.M. Mimi Sakinah *1

1 Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,

Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Kuantan Pahang, Malaysia

Abstract- This study investigates the fouling mechanism in ultrafiltration membrane during

separation of xylose reductase from product mixtures. The Resistance – In – Series Model

was used in order to identify the responsible hydraulic resistance. The resistance against the

flux was assumed to be comprised as membrane hydraulic, adsorption, pore pugging and

fouling resistance. The profile of total resistance and corresponding flux decline were

calculated and compared with the experimental data. The result showed that adsorption

resistance (Rad) was the main contributed the rate of flux decline. Moreover the significant

organic fouling that contribute during xylose reductase separation revealed that the fouling

potential was Rad > Rpp > RF. The measure flux recovery of filtration xylose reductase was

93%.

28 029-ipccme Isolation of Antioxidant Compound by TLC-based Approach from Limau Kasturi

(Citrus macrocarpa) Peels Extract

Rubiatul, A. S.,*1

Nor Helya, I. K.,2 Dachyar, A.,

3 Nurul Ain, H. A.

4

35

1,3School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Jejawi 3

Engineering Complex, 02800 Arau, Perlis 2,4

Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Technology Faculty,

Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02100 Padang Besar, Perlis

Abstract- This work reports a study on isolation of phenolic compound extraction from the

peel of limau kasturi by screening using different solvent extracts for antioxidant activity.

The availability of phenolic compounds in limau kasturi peels as a source of antioxidant is

important for the protection of DNA from cancer-causing damage. In this research, the crude

extract of limau kasturi was separated using analytical thin-layer chromatography (TLC).

The solvents applied TLC developing systems were also tested. The extracted compounds

were tested for their potential antioxidant activity using TLC-bioautography method. The

mobile phase used in this experiment was a combination of polar and non-polar solvents

such as ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, chloroform, methanol, acetone, hexane and water at

different ratios. While for the selection of the best solvent crude extract, methanol, ethanol,

acetone, hexane and water extract were tested. The active compound was identified by

comparing its colour and Rf (retention factor) value with rutin standard. The results

concluded that ethyl acetate, methanol and hexane were the best mobile phase system in this

assay with ratio of 5:1:2. In fact, for the best solvent extract, methanol was showed high Rf

value, antioxidant activity, and TPC with value of 0.669, 82.18 %, and 69.41 mg GAE/g

DW, respectively. Thus, methanol was chosen as the favorable solvent for the antioxidant

compound extraction.

29 030-ipccme Microbial Corrosion of Carbon Steel by Tropical Environment Consortium Bacteria

containing SRB

Nur Akma Mahat 1, Norinsan Kamil Othman

*1, Fathul Karim Sahrani

2, Mohd Nazri Idris

1,3

1 School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan

Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 2

School of Environment and Natural Resources Science, Faculty of Science and Technology,

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 3School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia,

Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia

Abstract- There are various cases involving microbiology influenced corrosion (MIC) that

responsible for corrosion problems, especially in oil and gas industry. Sulphate reducing

bacteria (SRB) that implicated in MIC mechanisms, was contributing as a main problem for

localized corrosion. The aim of this paper is to study the effects of consortium bacteria

containing SRB (C-SRB) from tropical environment on microbial corrosion of carbon steel.

The analyses were carried out by using weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization

methods. Surface morphology on carbon steel surface and biofilm formation from this C-

SRB activities were characterized by variable pressure scanning electron microscopy

(VPSEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Results from both weight loss

and potentiodynamic polarization methods confirmed that the corrosion rate of carbon steel,

which is inoculated with CSRB is higher than free C-SRB in same VMNI medium used. C-

SRB had seen to effect the carbon steel surface due to its metabolism activities at a

particular period of time and this activities was confirmed by morphology analysis

(VPSEM) and EDX. Based on this study it is concluded that C-SRB actively involved as

microbial corrosion on carbon steel surface due to its nature metabolism activities.

30 031-ipccme The Effect of Magnetic Field on Corrosion Inhibitor of Copper in 0.5M NaCl Solution

Ling Yuen Ang 1, Norinsan Kamil Othman

*1, Azman Jalar

1 and Ismayadi Ismail

2

1

School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan

Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. 2

Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology

(ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

36

Abstract- The effect of magnetic field on corrosion of metals had been studied by many

studies, but so far not many researches had been done on the effect on corrosion inhibitor. In

this paper, we studied the effect of magnetic field on the inhibition efficiency of imidazole

when it’s added to copper in 0.5M NaCl. Based on weight loss test and electrochemical

analysis, we found that imidazole inhibition efficiency had decreased when a 13mT

magnetic field was applied perpendicular to the working surface of copper samples. It is

suggested that magnetic field may have disturbed the adsorption of imidazole via

magnetohydradynamic effect.

31 032-ipccme Electrodeposition of CoNiFe alloy thin films in a sulfate solution

Ismail Hanafi *1, Abdul Razak Daud

1, Shahidan Radiman

1

1 School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan

Malaysia, 43500 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia

Abstract- The aim of this study was to synthesize the ternary CoNiFe alloy thin films by

electrodeposition technique at different potentials in a sulfate solution. The CoNiFe alloy

thin films were electrodeposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. Voltammetric studies

indicated potential region for deposition of cobalt, nickel and iron lied in range of -1.10 V to

-1.30 V. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis indicated that Ni content of the films

significantly increased, whereas the Co and Fe content decreased as the electrodeposition

potentials were made more negative values. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study

showed the electrodeposition occurred uniformly. Hysteresis curves of the ternary alloy film

obtained from vibrating sample magnetometer results proved to be ferromagnetic.

32 033-ipccme Empirical modeling study in predicting temperature profile within the convective oven

Nur Syafikah Shahapuzi 1, Farah Saleena Taip*

2, Norashikin Ab Aziz

1 and Anvarjon

Ahmedov 1

1Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra

Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Abstract- Baking process is an important unit operation in the food industry. A good

understanding on the dynamic behavior during baking process is important to ensure proper

control. This study aims to develop the empirical model of the cake baking process using

laboratory scale convection oven. Set point temperature was chosen as the manipulated

variable and actual oven temperature was the controlled variable. No disturbance was

considered in this process. Empirical model is developed by applying step change in the set

point temperature. The model is represented using second order plus time delay (SOPTD).

By increasing the operating temperature, there is a significantly decreases of process gain of

the system and the damping coefficient, and a significantly increases of natural damping

coefficient and time delay. The developed model fits well with the validated data, R2 > 0.9.

33 034-ipccme THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE TREATED CHARCOAL DEVELOP FROM

OPEFB FOR PHENOLIC COMPOUND REMOVAL

R. Hitam*1,2

, H. Hassan2, A. Zakaria

1,3 and A. Y. M. Shakaff

1,3

1 Centre of Excellence of Advance Sensor Technology (CEASTech), Pusat Pengajian Jejawi

2, Taman Muhibbah, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. 2 School of Bioprocess Engineering, Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, Universiti Malaysia Perlis

(UniMAP), 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. 3 School of Mechatronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kampus Alam

UniMAP, Pauh Putra , 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.

Abstract- Background: Treated charcoals derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch

(OPEFB) were investigated to find the suitability of its application for removal of phenolic

37

compound in aqueous solution through adsorption process. For the production of treated

charcoals, the type of treatment used is chemical activation by using two dehydrating agents

which are potassium hydroxide (KOH) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4). A control (untreated

OPEFB) was used to compare the adsorption capacity of the treated charcoals produced

from the process. Objective: The characteristics of the treated charcoals were determined by

using SEM, FTIR and BET. Results: The analysis of SEM show H3PO4 treated charcoal

have very clear pores before the adsorption and the pores is occupied by phenolic compound

molecules after the adsorption. The FTIR analysis indicated the presence of C-H bond and

N-H bond in all adsorbents while BET analysis found the H3PO4 treated charcoal have the

largest surface area compared to the other charcoals. Conclusion: The H3PO4 treated

charcoal is the best charcoal in removing the phenolic compound.

34 035-ipccme EFFECT OF ADIPIC ACID COMPOSITION ON STRUCTURAL AND

CONDUCTIVITY SOLID BIOPOLYMER ELECTROLYTES BASED ON

CARBOXY METHYLCELLULOSE STUDIES

M.L.H Rozali1 , N.H Ahmad

1, M.I.N. Isa

1, 2*

1Advanced Materials Research Group, School of Fundamental Science,

*Center of Corporate Communication and Image Development,Universiti Malaysia Terengg

anu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Abstract- Solid biopolymer electrolytes (SBEs) based on carboxy methylcellulose (CMC)

has been prepared by doping different concentration of Adipic acid (AA) via solution casting

technique. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy was used to study the interaction

between the host and ionic dopant. New peaks were observed at at 1714 and 1261 cm-1at

AA-5. It also can observe that 5 peaks intensity have become decrease. XRD analysis was

shown the CMC-AA was the amorphous solution.The highest ionic conductivity achieved at

room temperature is 6.12 x 10-7 S cm-1 for CMC incorporated with 5 wt. % AA. In

addition, the temperature dependence of the SBEs exhibit Arrhenius behavior. That the

activation energy of relaxation is lower than the activation energy of conduction implies that

the charge carrier has to overcome the higher energy barrier during conducting.

35 036-ipccme Color and Volume Development of Cake Baking and Its Influence on Cake Qualities

Ramadhatul Akmal Mohamad *1, Farah Saleena Taip *

1, Siti Mazlina Mustapa Kamal

1, Siti

Khairunniza Bejo 2

1

Department of Food and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra

Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,

University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract- Baking is the last but most important step in cake making procedure because it

involves moisture content, texture, browning and volume changes that are strongly coupled.

The final bakery product properties are not only affected by the ingredients but also by

processing conditions. Volume and browning changesing were observed at three different

temperatures, namely 160°C, 170°C, and 180°C, for different baking times. namely 35, 40,

45, and 55 minutes, by using convection oven and its relationship with texture and water

evaporation during baking process. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect

and the relationship of different baking parameters to the cake qualities during baking

process. The results show that the total colour difference, ΔE, and volume expansion rapidly

changeds due to the rise in temperature of cake and has a positive relationship with

cakes’the firmness and the moisture loss. The data also demonstrated that the browning and

volume expansion were more significant to the baking temperature (P < 0.001) than baking

times.

36 037-ipccme Microstructural Characterizations and Mechanical Properties in Friction Stir Welding

Technique of Dissimilar (Al-Cu) Sheets

38

H. I. Dawood1,2

, Kahtan S. Mohammed1, Azmi Rahmat

1, M. B. Uday

3

1Universiti Malaysia Perlis, School of Materials Engineering, Taman Muhibah-Jejawi-Arau

02600 Perlis, Malaysia 2Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of AL-Qadisiya,

88 Qadisiya, Iraq 3UTM - Centre for Low Carbon Transport in cooperation with Imperial College London, Tr

ansportation Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malay

sia

Abstract- In this study, dissimilar sheets of commercially available pure aluminium and

copper, were butt joined by friction stir welding (FSW) with a thickness of 3mm to explore

the effect of tool rotational speeds on microstructures and mechanical properties

experimentally. Three rotational speeds of 1000, 1750 and 2000 rpm were applied. The

transverse speed and the axial force were kept constant at 30 mm/min and 7.5 KN,

respectively. The cylindrical shoulder and conical pin tool was used to produce the joints.

Macrostructures, microstructures, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Vickers microhardness and

tensile strength were investigated at these different rotational speeds. The joint welded at

1750 rpm was compared with their counterparts and observed significantly better. The

formation of relatively hard brittle intermetallic compounds (Al2Cu and Al4Cu9) were

observed with the joint fabricated at rotational speed of 2000 rpm. The results of

microhardness (HV) at the nugget zone (NZ) were superior to those of thermomechanically

affected zone (TMAZ), heat affected zones (HAZ) and the base metal (BM). At the

rotational speed of 1750 rpm, the tensile strength was higher than other joints. The

examination of fractural surface showed that when the dissimilar joints were affected with

increasing rotational speeds or heat input; the fracture mode had a tendency to change from

ductile to brittle mode.

37 038-ipccme Effects of Annealing Temperature on the Characteristics of Nanocrystalline Tin Dioxid

e Thin Films

Imad H. Kadhim *1, 2

and H. Abu Hassan1

1 Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Physics, Nano-Optoelectronics Research and Techno

logy Laboratory, 11800, Penang, Malaysia. 2Ministry of Education, Iraq-Baghdad

Abstract- Annealing temperature is one of the key parameters, which affect on the

characteristics of nanocrystalline SnO2 thin films. Nanocrystalline tin dioxide thin films

have been successfully prepared using sol-gel spin coating method. The prepared SnO2 thin

films were characterized via X-rays diffraction, field-emission scanning electron

microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The crystallization of SnO2 thin films obtained after

annealing at 400 oC is a nanocrystalline tetragonal rutile structure. Annealing at 400 to

600 °C, the crystallite size will be increased from 8.30 to 33.20 nm and enhanced

crystallinity. Moreover, it was also found both of the intensities and a blue shift of A1g

phonon mode peak were increased at high annealing temperatures. These results indicated

that the thin films annealed at 500 °C are a good candidate for fabrication of high quality

nanocrystalline SnO2 thin films in order to avoid agglomerations, which could be useful for

various applications especially in gas sensing.

No Paper ID Presenter

1 001-ipcit Recognizing the Important Requirements To Be Incorporated In the Green Building

Rating Tools

Muhamad Hafizi bin Mohd Thahrir *1, Ismail bin Abdul Rahman

2, Abdul Zaki bin Abd

Wahid 3

1,2,3

Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia,

Batu Pahat, 86400, Parit Raja, Johor, Malaysia

40

atoms were substituted into the framework of the SBA-15. Series of N2O decomposition

experiments were carried out using the catalysts. Cu/SBA-15 samples prepared by pH

adjustment method showed higher catalytic activity than Cu-SBA-15 samples prepared by

impregnation method.

4

43

1Advanced Materials Research Group, School of Fundamental Science, Universiti Malaysia

Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Tereng

44

Abstract- Background: The assay of biological samples is the preferred method for

monitoring the internal exposure of toxicological contaminants in human body. Objective:

The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of Pb, Ni and Cd in

biological samples of Southern Iraqi cancer patients. Urine and soft tissue samples were

taken from two groups of male and female participants: the cancer patients group and

healthy group. The biological samples of the cancer patients group and healthy group were

collected from three key Southern Iraqi governorates, namely: Basrah, Muthanna and Dhi-

Qar. These governorates were centres of intensive military activities during the Gulf wars.

Results: The levels of toxic elements (Pb, Ni and Cd) in urine samples of the cancer patients

group are 0.435, 0.217 and 0.115 mg/l, respectively. Concentrations of (Pb, Ni and Cd) in

kidney tissues of the cancer patients group are 2.21, 1.28 and 13.25 mg/l, respectively.

Whilst the levels of the corresponding elements in breast tissue samples of the cancer

patients group are 1.65, 1.03 and 0.68 mg/l, respectively. Conclusion: The results show that

the levels of toxic elements in biological samples of the cancer patients group are

significantly higher than those of the healthy group. These findings indicate an association

between the contaminants of toxic elements in Southern Iraqi regions and the cancerous

illnesses of these patients.

10 010-ipcpms Ionic Conductivity and Structural Analysis of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Doped With

Ammonium Fluoride as Solid Biopolymer Electrolytes

M.A. Ramlli1, K.H. Kamarudin

1 and M.I.N. Isa

1,2,*

1 Advanced Materials Research Group, School of Fundamental Science, Universiti Malaysia

Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia. 2

Research Management Centre, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu,

Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstract- In the present work, a series of solid biopolymer electrolytes (SBEs) from

carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) doped with ammonium fluoride (NH4F) (0 - 13 wt. %) was

successfully prepared by solution cast technique. SBE sample containing 9 wt.% NH4F was

found to exhibit the highest ionic conductivity of 2.68 x 10-7 Scm-1 at ambient temperature.

XRD analysis revealed that the SBE samples containing NH4F salt to be semi-crystalline in

nature. FTIR spectra showed that the interaction between CMC and NH4F has occurred in

the polymer-salt system and the CMC-NH4F SBE system was a proton conductor.

No Paper ID Presenter

1 001-npcb Determinants of Malaysian Bond Ratings

M. Hafiz Ali *1, M. H. Yahya

2, N. A. Rahim

3

1 Putra Business School, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

2 Fakulti Ekonomi dan Pengurusan, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang,

Selangor, Malaysia.

3 Fakulti Ekonomi dan Pengurusan, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang,

Selangor, Malaysia.

Abstract- This paper seeks to investigate the determinants of Malaysian bond ratings. Bond

has become Malaysia’s leading source of fund. The failures of credit rating agencies are no

stranger to world’s financial market. They are blamed for the slow responses during Asian

financial crisis and bankruptcy cases of large corporations. Moreover, the presence of

information asymmetry problem in the market has complicate credit rating agencies and

external stakeholders to correctly assess the true value of the firm and its probability of

default. Hence, this paper provides a new and adequate model that takes into account

various risk factors to further understands the factors that affect firms’ creditworthiness. This

model could reduce investors’ over-reliance on credit ratings, information asymmetry

problems and become a substitute of the current credit ratings model. This paper specific

objective is to investigate which risk factors are the best determinants of bond ratings. The

45

final sample includes a total of 175 fixed-rated bond issuances from 37 corporate listed

firms between the years 2005 to 2013. Multinomial logistic regression is used in

investigating the relationships. The study finds that there is a significant relationship

between risk factors and bond ratings, where firm’s risk factor alone is enough to explain

higher rated bonds, while the other two risk factors are only significant in determining bonds

with lower ratings. Moreover, robustness check finds that the model has 91.67%

classification accuracy, with a total of only 10 wrongly classified observations out of 120

total observations.

2 002-npcb A Proposed Framework for Integrating Religious Based Nonprofit Organizations into

the Mainstream Economy: A Case Study of Zakat Institutions in Malaysia

Nur Zehan Khairi1,1Nor Azizah Mohammad Amin 2, Abd Halim Mohd Noor 3, Norida Abu

Bakar 4

1 MSc Candidate, Universiti Teknologi MARA

2 Faculty of Business Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA

3Accounting Research Institute & Zakat Research Institute of Malaysia, Universiti Teknologi

MARA 4 Faculty of Business of Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA

Abstract- Zakat is a potent tool in economic growth whereby zakat acts as a poverty

eradication instrument, income redistributive device and a stabilization mechanism. Zakat is

also recognized as a pioneer instrument of the world welfare system in human history. Zakat

institutions play an important role as a supplement to the government's effort in eradicating

poverty. Despite its significant role in the economy, zakat institutions in Malaysia have not

yet reached their full potential. Zakat institutions have undergone several developments to

improve their performance among others is through corporatization of collection and

distribution units. This contributes to the integration of zakat into the mainstream economy.

This study introduces three phases of zakat institutions integration namely, minor

integration, partial integration and full integration. These phases are identified from several

significant indicators that occurred in zakat institutions. The indicators identify the past,

current and possible future evolution of zakat institutions integration into the mainstream

economy. This study proposes a framework for integrating zakat institutions that represent

religious based Nonprofit Organizations into the mainstream economy.

3 004-npcb REALISTIC AGENDAS FOR FUTURE OF E-GOVERNMENT

IMPLEMENTATION IN MALAYSIA

Siti Nur Illani Abd Hamid1 Abd Rahim Romle, PhD

2, Mohd Hafiz Mansor

3

1 Siti Nur Illani Abd Hamid, School of Government, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010

Sintok Kedah, Malaysia. 2 Abd Rahim Romle, PhD., School of Government, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 Sintok

Kedah, Malaysia. 3Mohd Hafiz Mansor, School of Government, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 Sintok

Kedah, Malaysia.

Abstract- In line with the development of functional diversity in providing services to the

community, the government has applied the use of ICT in the public sector to improve the

capacity and quality of public sector services. The phenomenon of e-government is not only

able to change the way public sector service delivery, but also a similar change pattern in

electronic government and the community. Through the services provided, the community

can take full advantage of using e-government. Along with the development of electronic

government, various attempts have been made to encourage people to use this application.

46

Unfortunately, the number of Malaysians consumer use electronic government applications

is still not achieving the optimum level of usage. Although efficient service innovation is

seen, but the efficiency depends on its acceptance among people. Use of this innovation on a

large scale is very important so that the electronic government policy objectives will be

achieved. For that reason, this research seeks to determine the effectiveness of the

application of e-government at the local level in the Municipal Council Seberang Perai

(MPSP), Penang, Malaysia. The study involved users of services to be provided

electronically in MPSP. This research has been made by using mixed methods, quantitative

and qualitative in studying the effectiveness of e-government implementation. From this

study, the researchers aim that e-government system being used optimally by society and

civil servants, but improvement is needed to rectify the effectiveness of this system in local

government administration which is the Municipal Council Seberang Perai (MPSP).

4 007-npcb FACING THE DILEMMAS ON VOTING BEHAVIOR AMONGST YOUTH IN

MALAYSIA ELECTION

Mohd Hafiz Mansor1, Abd Rahim Romle,PhD

2, Siti Nur illani Abd Hamid

3

1Mohd Hafiz Mansor, School of Government, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 Sintok

Kedah, Malaysia.

2 Abd. Rahim Romle, PhD., School of Government, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 Sintok

Kedah, Malaysia. 3Siti Nur Illani Abd Hamid, School of Government, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010

Sintok Kedah, Malaysia.

Abstract- Youth involvement is the main key to support the needs of human resources in the

development of the national economy. Youth generations also have a high potential to

contribute positively to themselves, their families and the community. Furthermore, youth

involvement is not only important in generating economic growth alone, but their services

also are needed in an increasingly complex political field. Through participation in the

political arena, the youth will be exposed to management and leadership skills. Moreover,

the involvement of youth in politics is a major issue in Malaysia as a developed country

because of the issue of youth participation in the political arena is also getting special

attention and debated in advanced countries. It was caused by youths aged between 15 and

24 years less clear about their interests and participation in the political system. In brief,

such a scenario would have a significant impact on political developments if youth is not

involved in the political party and elections. Thus, this study attempts to identify the extent

to which the youth voting behavior in Malaysia election.

5 010-npcb SMEs Performance: Does Intellectual Capital Matter?

Salwa Muda 1, Mara Ridhuan Che Abdul Rahman

2

1Faculty of Accountancy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan, 72000 Kuala Pilah,

Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. 2Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi,

Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract- The transition from the traditional form of a production-based economy to a

knowledge-based economy due to the changes in the global business environment leads to

the recognition of intangible resources in value creation. As major components of

intellectual capital, human capital, structural capital and relational capital are believed to

critically contribute to the competitive advantage and superior performance of firms in

different sectors and sizes. In SMEs, intellectual capital resources must be efficiently

strategized and managed in order to enhance the performance, simultaneously serve their

role as a major driver of nation economic growth and wealth creation. The uniqueness of the

characteristics of SMEs lead to the differences in intellectual capital management as oppose

to their larger counterparts. Thus, this conceptual paper will highlight the importance of

intellectual capital management on the performances of Malaysian SMEs. This conceptual

paper is hoped to provide SMEs’ managers with the insights of intellectual capital

management, which might enhance firm performance in this challenging modern business

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environment.