Kuliah 7

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Mahasiswa mampu menjelaskan cara penggunaan obat dengan alat khusus

1. Penggunaaan insulin 2. Penggunaan berbagai macam inhaler.

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http://www.asthma.org.uk/News/being-shown-the-right-way-to-use-an-inhaler-by-their-pharmacist-can-

help-people-manage-their-asthma

Medication Usage

Difficulties associated with inhalers

Complicated regimens

Fears about, or actual side effects

Cost

Distance to pharmacies

Non-Medication Factors

Misunderstanding/lack of information

Fears about side-effects

Inappropriate expectations

Underestimation of severity

Attitudes toward ill health

Cultural factors

Poor communication Global Initiative for Asthma

Estimate Comparative Daily Dosages for

Inhaled Glucocorticosteroids by Age Drug Low Daily Dose (g) Medium Daily Dose (g) High Daily Dose (g)

> 5 y Age < 5 y > 5 y Age < 5 y > 5 y Age < 5 y Beclomethasone 200-500 100-200 >500-1000 >200-400

>1000 >400

Budesonide

200-600 100-200

600-1000 >200-400 >1000 >400

Budesonide-Neb

Inhalation Suspension

250-500 500-1000 >1000

Ciclesonide 80 160 80-160 >160-320 >160-320 >320-1280 >320

Flunisolide 500-1000 500-750 >1000-2000 >750-1250 >2000 >1250

Fluticasone 100-250 100-200 >250-500 >200-500 >500 >500

Mometasone furoate 200-400 100-200 > 400-800 >200-400 >800-1200 >400

Triamcinolone acetonide 400-1000 400-800 >1000-2000 >800-1200 >2000 >1200

Global Initiative for Asthma

NEBULIZER INHALER

Metered-dose aaerosol.

Dry-powder inhaler,

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This is an electrical device that sends medicine directly into mouth by tube or, in children, by clear mask.

It require no hand-breath coordination. Simply put in the prescribed amount of medicine, take the tube in your mouth (or place the mask over the child's nose and mouth) and breathe normally until the medicine is gone.

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(http://www.aafa.org/display.cfm?id=8&sub=17&cont=167)

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www.summitmedicalgroup.com

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rationalpreparedness.blogspot.com

asthmaready.org

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www.pediatricsupplier.com

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www.mountainside-medical.com

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www.cfece.org

conemaugh.kramesonline.com

Convenient and easy to use. Dispense medicine directly to the place where it is

needed, greatly reducing side effects as compared with medicines taken as pills or tablets.

Deliver medicine to the troubled site quickly, without need for absorption, digestion and circulation.

Deliver both long-lasting anti-inflammatory benefits or short-acting, quick-relief bronchodilation when needed.

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As with adults, children with asthma may need more than one inhaler.

In order to run, swim and play with others, a child with asthma may need one inhaler for constant anti-inflammatory treatment and another, containing different medicine, for bronchodilation when a child is involved in physical activity.

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This sends a measured dose of medicine into the mouth using a small amount of pressurized gas.

Sometimes a "spacer" is placed between the drug reservoir and mouth to control the amount inhale.

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Aerosols fell out of favor a few years ago when the common propellant chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), a gas that depletes the atmosphere's ozone layer, was banned throughout the world.

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Fluticasone

Flixotide (flutikason propionate50 g , 125 g /dosis) Inhalasi aerosol

Dewasa dan anak > 16 tahun: 100-250 g, 2 kali sehariAnak 4-16 tahun; 50-100 g, 2 kali sehari.

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Untreated asthma, in contrast, does cause reduction in final height.

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There is newer evidence that anti-inflammatory medicines taken by dry-power inhaler may cause tooth erosion in children by changing the mouth's chemical environment.

They also reduce the production of saliva, affecting the mouth's natural way of maintaining its chemical balance.

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To offset these side effects, some dentists recommend rinsing with a fluoride mouthwash and chewing sugarless gum to stimulate salivation after inhaling medicine.

They recommend against brushing, because the action of brushing large-particle powder against young teeth may weaken already damaged enamel.

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Tetes Mata Tetes Telinga Enema Tetes Hidung Vaginal Douche Vaginal Tab Suppositoria

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