pertemuan 21 software agents for e-commerce
DESCRIPTION
Pertemuan 21 Software Agents for E-Commerce. Matakuliah: M0284/Teknologi & Infrastruktur E-Business Tahun: 2005 Versi: . Learning Objectives. Describe what software agents are Differentiate between various classes of software agents - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Pertemuan 21 Software Agents for
E-Commerce
Matakuliah : M0284/Teknologi & Infrastruktur E-BusinessTahun : 2005Versi : <<versi/revisi>>
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Learning Objectives
• Describe what software agents are• Differentiate between various classes of
software agents• Understand the use of artificial intelligence and
statistical reasoning • Describe the range of agents available to assist
in the buying process• Identify various activities in e-commerce where
software agents can be used
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Overview
• What are software agents?• Logic of agent behavior• Types of agents• Information agents• E-Commerce agents• Mobile agents
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What are software agents?
• Software entities– Autonomy/agency - without detailed commands– Purposeful - goal-driven– Reactive - react to changes in environment. Exhibit
intelligence– Social and Mobility skill - travel around and interact
with other agents
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What are Software Agents?
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Logic of Agent Behavior
• Symbolic Reasoning if <condition> then <action>
• BeyondMail from Banyan
1) IF <event='mail_receipt'> AND < email_sender=’CEO’> THEN
<save_in_folder=’Urgent’>
2) IF <save_in_folder NOT Empty> THEN <notify>
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Logic of Agent Behavior
• Statistical Reasoning– Market Segmentation
• Clustering according to some characteristics such a buying behavior, demographic data
– Also called Collaborative filtering– Used by Amazon.com to predict books that
might prove to be your favorite
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Logic of Agent Behavior
• Multi-attribute utility theoryused to rank-order different choices such as items to buyUtility is related to various quality, price and delivery attributesUtility numbers are calculated for various choices
Various formulas used:U(x)= log( x+ b) U(x)= a + bx + cx2 U(x) = (1/k) (1- e –kx)
where U is the utility and x is the measure of the attribute. In the case of an automobile, x could be price, quality or fuel economy.
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Logic of Agent Behavior
• Constraint Satisfaction Approach• A way to prune a large set of choices
– Hard and Soft constraints– Options/ choices that violate hard constraints
are removed– Options left are evaluated in terms of how far
soft constraints violated
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Logic of Agent Behavior
• Auction Protocols– English auction price start low and
move up– Dutch auction price start high and
move low– Sealed-bid auction offers in sealed
envelopes
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Logic of Agent Behavior
Auction Engines used in e-business
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Types of Software Agents
• Information Agents
• E-Commerce Agents
• Mobile Agents
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Information Agents
• Information Search Agents search engines• Information filtering agents search few specific
web site and retrieve information relevant to a user
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Information Agents
Logic of filtering agents
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Information Agents
• Information Delivery Agents– Pull versus Push (scheduled pull). In push, the client-based
software periodically contacting the server for recent news
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Information Agents
• Information Notification Agents
message arrives by email
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Information Agents
• Information Reconnaissance Agents– Letizia at MIT brings to attention to users
pages of interest that are only a few links away from the current page
– The system builds up a interest profile of the user and searches neighboring pages of interest