personality basics and freud
TRANSCRIPT
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B A S I C S A N D F R E U D
PERSONALITY
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PERSONALITY DEFINITION
• The unique attitudes, behaviors, and
emotions that characterize a person
• This is NOT temperament...which is biological and
forms the base to build personality
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TYPE A AND B
• Which are you?
• Type A – time pressured, easily angered, competitive, ambitious, works hard/plays hard
• Type B – relaxed, easy going, not easily bothered, not pressured by time
• *Not all people fit into one or the other. This demonstrates that personality theories are very rarely concrete...black/white. Personality is difficult to pin down
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TEXTBOOK ACTIVITIES
• Video -pg 476
• Students do survey page 477 AND finish reading
that page
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FREUD BASICS
• Freud believed our mind was divided
into 3 levels of consciousness
• 1. preconscious • Things we can think of if we wanted but aren’t thought
of at this moment (memories, knowledge)
• 2. conscious • What we are currently processing
• 3. unconscious • Believed this was hidden at all times...it surfaces in
symbols in dreams or in our behavior without us
realizing it
• Freud thought this was most important part of our
personality
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FREUD AND PERSONALITY
• Believed this was also divided into 3 parts and
scattered amongst levels of consciousness.
• Draw the image on the following slide
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Psychology, Fourth Edition, AP Edition Saundra K. Ciccarelli • J. Noland White
© 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 12.1 Freud’s Conception of the Personality
This iceberg represents the three levels of the mind. The part of the iceberg visible above the surface is the conscious
mind. Just below the surface is the preconscious mind, everything that is not yet part of the conscious mind. Hidden
deep below the surface is the unconscious mind, feelings, memories, thoughts, and urges that cannot be easily brought
into consciousness. While two of the three parts of the personality (ego and superego) exist at all three levels of
awareness, the id is completely in the unconscious mind.
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PART 1: THE ID
• Id is the primitive, pleasure-seeking part of our
personality that contains all our instinctual drives
• It is completely in the unconscious
• Found in the infant
• *Think of it like an infant – pleasure-seeking,
demanding, irrational, impulsive, instinctual
• Pleasure principle – Need for satisfaction/immediate
gratification
• “if it feels good, do it”
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PART 2: EGO
• The Ego is like the executive director
• It is the part of our personality that deals with the reality that
we can’t always get what we want all the time.
• Mostly in the conscious part and rational and logical
• Reality Principle – only satisfies demands of id in
ways that will not lead to negative consequences
• Sometimes it denies the Id’s desires
• “if it feels good, do it, but only if you can get away with it.
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PART 3: SUPER-EGO
• The Super-Ego is the moral watchdog
• It is the conscience part of our personality
• Where would the id, ego, and super ego fit in this
picture?
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*ID ISN’T ALWAYS BAD
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THE ID, EGO, AND SUPEREGO TOGETHER
• The Id makes demands, the Super-ego puts restrictions on those demands, and the ego has to come up with a plan to satisfy both.
• This creates a constant state of conflict...when anxiety from conflict gets out of hand....disorders arise.
• Defense mechanisms are ways of our personality dealing with the conflict between the id, ego, and super-ego.
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Primitive, pleasure-
seeking, instincts
Moral watchdog
Reality, executive
director
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CRASH COURSE – 2:53-6:45
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CRASH COURSE
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FREUD’S PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
• Personality develops as we go through different
sexual stages as a child...yes...a child.
• Each stage has a different erogenous or pleasure
zone that can be the source of conflicts.
• If conflicts aren’t resolved, you can get stuck or “fixated” on
a certain stage
• Would cause you to carry that fixation as “baggage” later
in life
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STAGE 1 - ORAL
• 0-18months
• Erogenous zone = mouth
• Source of conflict: Weaning child from breast too
late or early can cause issues
• Over-pleasure from mouth or not enough
• Fixation:
• overeating, drinking too much, dependent
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STAGE 2 - ANAL
• 18months – 3years
• Erogenous zone = anus
• Source of conflict – potty training • Children learning that they have to control when/where they
release waste
• This learning control is what stimulates the development of the ego
• Fixation – too harsh of training can result in: • Anal-retentive –people who are stingy/excessively neat
• Anal-expulsive – people who find being messy as a means of control
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STAGE 3 - PHALLIC
• 3 years – 6 years
• Erogenous zone: genitals
• According to Freud – we become aware of our sexual organs for pleasure and develop powerful attraction to opposite-sex parent and a desire to elminate our same-sex parent (who we see as a rival)
• Boys: Oedipus complex and castration anxiety • Nervous dad will castrate him, want dad gone, boy eventually realizes this
is impossible so starts adopting dad’s characteristics
• Girls: Electra complex and penis envy • Attracted to dad, same as boys....adopts characteristics of mom
• envious of dad having a penis, feel inferior to men
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FREUD! THE MUSICAL
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STAGE 4 - LATENCY
• 6 years – Puberty
• Erogenous zone – none....sexual feelings are
repressed/hidden
• Children grow intellectually, physically and socially
• Opposite sex is “yucky”...has cooties
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STAGE 5 - GENITAL
• Puberty – on......
• Erogenous zone: genitals
• Sexual drives are reawakened into conscious
awareness
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CRASH COURSE 6:45-7:51