performance of pumps 2015
TRANSCRIPT
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARAFAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL
Program : Bachelor Of Engineering ( Hons ) Mechanical Kursus : Thermalfluids lab Kod Kursus : MEC 554 Pensyarah : ENCIK MOHD !H"I # MOHD "OD!I
Laboratory Report
Title
PERFORMANCE OF PMP!
No Names UiTM No. Signature
1. Usmar Aiman !in A"#ar $%1&'(%1''
$. A#ma) Na*ui+u))in !in Rasi) $%1&,%$-(,
&. A#ma) Almi"an !in #e Omar $%1&$-'/1'
'. Aimi 0in E"ani $%1&$1$-1$
-.A#ma) ani22 ilmu))in !in Mo#)Na3i
$%1&$4'/',
$essi mali : Pengesahan $%af :(Tarikh) (T. Tangan)
Penyerahan &a'oran : Pengesahan $%af :(Tarikh) (T. Tangan)
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
ContentsTable of Figures...............................................................................................................................3
1.0 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................4
1.1 Pump......................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Cenrifugal pump...................................................................................................................4
2.0 O!"#CTI$#..............................................................................................................................%
3.0 TOR#TIC'( !'C)*ROUND...........................................................................................+
4.0 PROC#DUR#............................................................................................................................,
4.1 'PP'R'TU-.........................................................................................................................,
.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
4.2 #/P#RI#NT'( PROC#DUR#........................................................................................
4.2.1 Preliminaries...................................................................................................................
4.2.2 'ual #perimen..........................................................................................................
%.0 D'T' 'N'(-I-...................................................................................................................10
%.1 D'T' T'!U('TION 'ND R#-U(T 'N'(-I-............................................................10
%.1.1 T#-T 1..........................................................................................................................10
%.1.2 T#-T 2..........................................................................................................................11
%.1.3 T#-T 3..........................................................................................................................12
%.2 -'P(# C'(CU('TION.................................................................................................13
+.0 DI-CU--ION..........................................................................................................................14
,.0 CONC(U-ION........................................................................................................................1%
.0 R#F#R#NC#-........................................................................................................................1+
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
Table of Figures
Figure 1 5 !asi elemen of enrifugal Pump.................................................................................4Figure 2 5 ross seion of Cenrifugal pump...................................................................................%
Figure 3 5 #perimenal arrangemen for pump performane 6araerisi...................................+
Figure 4 5 7aer8flo9 ben6 an: enrifugal pump.........................................................................,Figure % 5 T6e insrumenal panel....................................................................................................,
Figure + 5 ; $ < no6 9eir..............................................................................................................,
Figure , 5 *rap6 of #ffiien= >?@ A &ea: pump>m@A !raBe &orsepo9er>B7@ s $olume Flo9Rae>m3s@ for Tes 1........................................................................................................................
Figure 5 *rap6 of #ffiien= >?@ A &ea: pump>m@A !raBe &orsepo9er>B7@ s $olume Flo9
Rae>m3s@ for Tes 2......................................................................................................................10Figure 5 *rap6 of #ffiien= >?@ A &ea: pump>m@A !raBe &orsepo9er>B7@ s $olume Flo9
Rae>m3s@ for Tes 3......................................................................................................................11
Table 1 5 Daa for es 1....................................................................................................................
Table 2 5 Daa For es 2.................................................................................................................10
Table 3 5 Daa for es 3..................................................................................................................11
1.0 INTRODUCTION
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
1.1 Pump
' pump is a :eie use: o moe gasesA liEui:s or slurries. ' pump moes liEui:s or gases from lo9er
pressure o 6ig6er pressureA an: oeromes 6is :ifferene in pressure b= a::ing energ= o 6e s=sem >su6 as a
9aer s=sem@. ' gas pump is generall= alle: a ompressorA eep in er= lo9 pressure8rise appliaionsA su6 as
in 6eaingA enilaingA an: air8on:iioningA 96ere 6e operaie eEuipmen onsiss of fans or blo9ers.
1.2 Centrifugal pump
' enrifugal pump is a ro :=nami pump 6a uses a roaing impeller o inrease 6e
eloi= of a flui:. Cenrifugal pumps are ommonl= use: o moe liEui:s 6roug6 a piping
s=sem. T6e flui: eners 6e pump impeller along or near o 6e roaing ais an: is aelerae:b= 6e impellerA flo9ing ra:iall= ou9ar: ino a :iffuser or olue 6amberA from 96ere i eis
ino 6e :o9nsream piping s=sem. Cenrifugal pumps are use: for large :is6arge 6roug6
smaller 6ea:s.
Fig"re # $ Basic ele%ent of centrif"gal P"%p
2.0 OB!CTI"!
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
To obain performane 6araerisis for a ariable spee: enrifugal pump operaing a 3
:ifferen impeller spee:s. Performane 6araerisis of pump5
8 Pressure >6ea:@ ump
8 Po9er reEuiremen8 Flo9 rae influene
8 Pump spee: influene
#.0 T$!OR!TIC%& B%C'(ROUND
The centrifug! "u#" h$ t%& #in c"&nent$: n i#"e!!er ttche' t&
r&tting $hft n' $tti&nr( c$ing &r h&u$ing enc!&$ing the i#"e!!er) The*$ic e!e#ent$ &f centrifug! "u#" re $h&%n *e!&%)
Fig"re & $ cross section of Centrif"gal p"%p
Energ( i$ ''e' t& the +ui' *( the r&tting *!'e$ n' *&th "re$$uren' *$&!ute ,e!&cit( re incre$e' $ the +ui' +&%$ fr the e(e t&"eri"her( &f int& the *!'e$) The -inetic energ( i$ c&n,erte' int& furtherincre$e in "re$$ure $ the +ui' +&%$ fr the i#"e!!er int& the c$ingenc!&$ing the i#"e!!er)
Due t& the gener! c"!e.it( &f +&% thr&ugh centrifug! "u#"/ thectu! "erf&r#nce &f the "u#" cnn&t *e "re'icte' &n c"!ete!(the&retic! *$i$) Actu! "u#" "erf&r#nce i$ 'eter#ine' e."eri#ent!!(thr&ugh te$t$ &n the "u#" n' the re$u!t$ re "re$ente' $ "u#""erf&r#nce$ cur,e$)
C&n$i'er the e."eri#ent! rrnge#ent f&r 'eter#ining the he' ri$egine' *( the +ui' +&%ing thr&ugh "u#"/ $ $h&%n in 0gure 1 *e!&%)
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
Fig"re ' $ Eperi%ental arrange%ent for p"%p perfor%ance characteristic
The "u#" he' ri$e cn *e c!cu!te' *( u$ing the energ( e2uti&n
h3 "36 "78 9 g ;
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
).0 PROC!DUR!
).1 %PP%R%TU*
Fig"re * $ +ater,flo- bench an. centrif"gal p"%p
Fig"re / $ 0he instr"%ental panelFig"re 1 $ 2 3 4 notch -eir
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
).2 !+P!RI,!NT%& PROC!DUR!
).2.1 Preliminaries
i -u:ens 6a: been a:eEuael= superise:.ii T6e :is6arge an: suion ales 9as urne: o full= open an: 6e moor spee:
onrol 9as se o Gero.
iii T6e elerial suppl= an: moor :rie 9ere s9i6e: on. T6e moor onrol Bnob
slo9l= a:use: o aroun: 6alf 9a= posiion. T6e s=sem 9as ensure: free from
leaBing. T6e moor spee: 9as re:ue: baB o Gero.
).2.2 %-tual !periment
i T6e suion ale 9as opene: an: 6e :is6arge ale 9as lose:. T6e maimum
pump spee:N1b= a:using spee: onrol o 100?.ii Dis6arge ale 9as full= opene: an: 6e 9aer 9as allo9e: o irulae. T6e olume
of flo9 9as in:iae: an: 6e suiable inremen in flo9 9as :ei:e:.
iii T6e :is6arge ale 9as lose:. T6e rea:ing 9as aBen 96en all measuremens 9ere
sea:=.
i T6e :is6arge ale 9as slig6l= opene:A o gie 6e firs inremen in olume flo9.
-ep i@ 9as repeae:. T6e final measuremens orrespon:ing o 6e ale being full=
opene:.
i T6e enire eperimen a pump spee: 9as repeae: orrespon: o spee: onrol
posiion of ,%? an: %0?.
/.0 D%T% %N%&*I*
/.1 D%T% T%BU&%TION %ND R!*U&T %N%&*I*
/.1.1 T!*T 1
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
PUP -P##DA N H 143 rpm
H 1%0.+ ra:s
0able # $ 5ata for test #
INPUT OUTPUT #ffiien=
9aer
6eig6Amm
TorEueA T
>Nm@
-6af Po9er$olume Flo9
Rae
Inle PressureA
p1
Dis6arge
PressureA
p2
9aer6ea:A6
>m@>100?@
oupupo9erA
7a
B7
&p
>100?@
lmi
nm3s
62
oNm2 psi Nm2
0 0.+0.0
0.12 00.000
00.2 1+1.33
.%
%+0%.4+ %.,, 0.00 0.00
%0 10.1%
0.20 %00.000
0.1 0.+, %%1%.0 %.%2 4%.1% 2.+
+1 1.1
0.1
, 0.22 0
0.001
3 0 0.00 , 42+3.32 4.2 +4.3% 3.2
+% 1.20.1
0.24 00.001
%80.1 80.+, + 413+.%+ 4.32 +3.%2 3%.13
+ 1.30.20
0.2+ 10%0.001
80.2 81+1.33 % 344,3.0 3.,1 +3.,+ 32.%%
,3 1.40.2
10.2 12%
0.002
180.4 8322.++ 4 2,%,.04 3.21 +%.+3 31.11
,% 1.40.2
10.2 130
0.002
280.% 8403.33 3 20+4.2 2.+1 %%.44 2+.2
,, 1.40.2
10.2 140
0.002
380., 8++4.++ 2 13,.%2 2.11 4.1 22.4
T!*T 1
ECcienc(
He' "u#"
Br-e H&r$e"&%er
,&!u#e +&%rte/5#19$8
ECcienc(5D8 / He' "u#"5#8/ Br-e H&r$e"& %er5-A8
Fig"re 6 $ 7raph of Efficiency (8) 9 Hea. p"%p(%)9 Bra:e Horsepo-er(:+) ;s 3ol"%e Flo- Rate(% '
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
/.1.2 T!*T 2
PUP -P##DA N H 21, rpm
H 22.0 ra:s
0able & $ 5ata For test &
INPUT OUTPUT #ffiien
=
9aer
6eig6Amm
TorEueA T
>Nm@
-6af Po9er $olume Flo9
Rae
Inle PressureA
p1
Dis6arge
PressureA
p2
9aer
6ea:A6>m@>100?@
oupu
po9erA7a
B7 &p>100?@
lmin m
3
s 62o Nm
2
psi Nm
2
7)7)35 )14
) )7 G)
3
71G5)3 71) ) )
3)7)4G )4 5
)7 )
7G
73475)G 73)5
7)5 47)1
1 3)4)55 )1 735
)37 J)3
J77)1
17
7717)7 77)45
311)7 43)1
G 3))5 )G 745
)34 J)
JG4)
74
53)4 7)54
34)G 43)71
G7 3)
)
3 )G1 7
)
3 J7
JG)
5
7
3
G31)7
3 )41
34)
G 4)
G4 3)G)4 )G 75
)3 J7)3
J77)
G7
G4) G)31
315)43 1)G
G 3)) )G 7
)13 J7)4
J713)
17 G5575G)
G )337G)74 13)G
G 1)G )3 3
)11 J7)
J77)
17 471G)5
5)371)4 3G)3
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
T!*T 2
eCcienc(
He' "u#"
Br-e H&r$e"&%er
=&!u#e +&%rte5#19$8
ECcienc(5D8 / He' "u#"5#8/ Br-e H&r$e"&%er5-A8
Fig"re = $ 7raph of Efficiency (8) 9 Hea. p"%p(%)9 Bra:e Horsepo-er(:+) ;s 3ol"%e Flo- Rate(% 'Nm@
-6af Po9er $olume Flo9
Rae
Inle PressureA
p1
Dis6arge
PressureA
p2
9aer
6ea:A6>m@>100?@
oupu
po9erA7a
B7 &p
>100?@
lmi
n
m3s 62
o
Nm2 psi Nm2
7)G)5 )4
) )7 G)
1
34G377)1 35)3 ) )
5 1)57)G 7)45 71
)33 J)1
J343)
11
3353)G 31)4
4)15 4)3
G1 1)7)3 7)7 7
)3G J)
JGG35)
1
3G43)G 37)G
77) 5)G7
G 4)37)1 7)4 3
)11 J7)1
J734G)
53
7G75G)53 3)3G
1)1 57)7
11
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
3 4)47)1 7)G3 375
)1 J7)G
J757)
34
7544)34 7G)
5)3 4G)1
4 4)57)1 7)G 315
)1 J3
J771)
137
744G) 7)
41)7 4)4
4)7)43 7) 345
)47 J3)5
J3457)1
7G
73475)G 75)75
)GG 43)G
4)G7)4G 7) 3
)41 J3)G
J345G)
375
71437)4 71)14
5)75 1G)17
T!*T #
eCcienc(
He' "u#"
Br-e H&r$e"&%er
=&!u#e +&% rte5# 19$8
ECcienc(5D8 / He' "u#"5#8/ Br-e H& r$e"&%er5-A8
Fig"re > $ 7raph of Efficiency (8) 9 Hea. p"%p(%)9 Bra:e Horsepo-er(:+) ;s 3ol"%e Flo- Rate(% ' rp%
=2 N
60
?2 (1439)
60
? #/@1> ra.
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
Wshaft=T
?1150.69
150. + ra:s
TaBing 9aer 6eig6 H %0 mm
7e go 6e alue of olume flo9 raeA Q H %0 (min from 6e 90 $## NOTC&
C'(I!R'TION
CUR$#
Q H%0 (min H 8.33104
m3/s
7aer 6ea:A h
p
hp=p
2p
1
g
(55158.056980.665)
(10009.81)
5.5227m
Oupu po9erA P
f
Pf=g Qhp
(1000 ) (9.81 ) (8.33104)(5.5227)
45.13Watt
#ffiien= A
=
pf
Wshaft 100
(45.13)150.69
100
29.9
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
.0DI*CU**IO
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
.0 CONC&U*ION
's a onlusionA 9e an sa= 6e resul for Tes 35 Pump -pee: H 24% rpm a 100? an: Tes 25
Pump -pee: H 21, rpm a ,%? are beer 6an Tes 15 Pump -pee: H 143 rpm a %0?. Ismean 6a 6e bes performane of 6e pumps is 96en i operaes a spee: be9een 143 rpm
unil 21, rpm an: 6e effiien= be9een %0? an: ,%?. From 6e eperimenA 9e an onlu:e
6a 6e bes performane of 6is enrifugal pump o operae is a spee: N 1H 24% rpm an: flo9
raeA be9een 6e range of 0 o 3 >mJs@ 108J.
!= :oing 6is eperimen alsoA all 6e 6araerisis of 6is pump 96i6 is effiien=A
breaB 6orsepo9er an: 6e 6ea: an be :efine: b= using a :ifferen spee: of pumpA an: 6us 6e
obeie of 6is eperimen is a6iee: alrea:=. T6erefore i an be aepable in or:er o :efine
an= enrifugal pump 6araerisis.
I also an be sai: 6a 6e main obeies of 6is eperimen 6ae been a6iee:
suessfull=. 7e an also :eermine all 6e parameers reEuire:. &o9eerA i is o be noe: 6aA
some of 6e alue of rea:ings obaine: ma= be inaurae :ue o erain errors 6a ourre:
:uring 6e eperimen su6 as paralla error an: 6uman error. e i sill lea:s an: pro:ue: 6e
epee: resuls aor:ingl= an: as reEuire:.
's a onlusionA 96a I ge 6ere is 6a I Bno9 96a a enrifugal pump is an: 6o9 i
funions. I also ge Bno9le:ge on 6e performane 6araerisis 96i6 are er= useful for me
as a fuure me6anial engineer in or:er for me o sele an appropriae pump for seeral
1%
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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
operaionsA 96i6 :epen:s largel= on 6e braBe 6orsepo9erA 6e effiien=A an: also 6e pump
6ea: aries 9i6 6e apai= or 6e flo9rae. 'll 6ese nee: o be onsi:ere: in seleing an i:eal
pump.
3.0 R!F!R!NC!*
1. Frank M. WhiteA Flui: e6anisA %6#:iionA *ra9 &illA Ne9 orBA U-'A 2003.
2. Bruce R. Munson, Donald F. Young, Theodore H. OkiishiA Fun:emenals of Flui:
e6anisA %6#:iionA "o6n 7ile= K -onsA 'siaA200+.
3. John F. Douglas, Janus M. !asiorek, John ". #$a%%ieldA Flui: e6anisA 46#:iionA
Pearson Prenie &allA -olan:A 2001.
1+