performance of provitamin a cassava clones across eleven ...a member of cgiar consortium parkes...
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Parkes Elizabeth1, Kulakow Peter1, Oladimeji Alamu1, Maziya-Dixon Bussie1 , Aina Olufemi1, Ofei Richard1, Iluebbey Peter1, Agbona
Afolabi1, Bakare Moshood1 and Dixon Alfred 1
1 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Ibadan, Nigeria
Performance of proVitamin A cassava clones across eleven environments in two seasons in Nigeria
World congress on Root and Tuber crops Nanning, Guangxi, China, January 18-23, 2016
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Outline Ø Introduction and objectives Ø Materials and methods Ø Results and discussion Ø Conclusion Ø Acknowledgments
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Introduction Ø Cassava is a major staple food in Africa supporting
many lives
Ø Vitamin A deficiency is a major health challenge among children and pregnant women in Africa
Ø Cassava biofortification is one of the methods used to overcome vitamin A deficiency (hidden hunger)
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Geographical distribution of vitamin A deficiency
X ≥1.5 % or VAD ≥15 %
X =0.5 % to 1.49 % and VAD <15 %
X <1.5 % and VAD <15 %
X ≥1.5 % and VAD ≥15 %
Preschool children
* serum retinol concentrations < 0.70 µmol/L or abnormal conjunctival impression cytology, and xerophthalmia (X), all active stages combined
VAD ≥20 % or XN ≥1.5 % VAD <20 % or XN <1.5 %
VAD ≥20 % and XN ≥1.5 %
Pregnant women
West. J Nutr 2002;132:2857S-66S.
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Objectives Ø To develop genotypes with high carotenoids
concentration (targets : 5, 10, 15 µg/g fresh wt.)
Ø High dry matter that satisfy food preferences
Ø High stable fresh and dry root yields
Ø Disease and pest resistance (CMD, Green mites etc)
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Harvest Plus
Cassava Breeding
Cycle: The Pipeline of New Varieties
National Variety Testing and farmer trials
14
Partners
Seedling nursery (SN) 70,000
Multi-location Uniform yield trial (UYT)
210
Clonal evaluation (CE) 3,139
Preliminary yield trial (PYT) 1,926
Advanced yield trial (AYT) 407
New Seeds – 162,500 S1, FS 1,160,000 HS
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Years 5 & 6
Multiplication and Release 31st, 32nd wave
Years 7 & 8
Rapid
Multiplication
Regional Trials 16
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Materials and Methods Ø Fifteen proVitamin A cassava
clones were evaluated in 11 environments
Ø The field design was RCBD with four replicates
Ø Stability of the clones were assessed for yield and its related components using GGE Biplot application
ENV LOC YEAR
ENV1 Ibadan 2013 ENV2 Ibadan 2014 ENV3 Ikenne 2013 ENV4 Ikenne 2014 ENV5 Ilorin 2013 ENV6 Ilorin 2014 ENV7 Mokwa 2014 ENV8 Ubiaja 2013 ENV9 Ubiaja 2014
ENV10 Warri 2013 ENV11 Zaria 2013
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TC: Total carotenoid content by iCheck; FYLD: fresh yield (t/ha); DYLD: dry yield (t/ha); DM: dry matter content; CMDS: cassava mosaic disease severity
Results
Figure 1. GGE Biplot for TC iCheck
Table 1. Genotypes mean performance across key traits
Genotype TC FYLD DYLD DM CMDS
IBA011371 8.1 11.6 2.9 29.0 2.0 IBA070520 8.0 13.0 3.3 30.1 1.2 IBA070557 7.9 13.6 4.4 32.3 1.1 IBA070593 10.6 9.3 2.8 29.9 1.1 IBA070703 9.1 8.9 2.3 29.2 1.1 IBA070738 7.5 13.5 4.2 30.9 1.1 IBA070749 8.4 10.1 2.8 30.1 1.1 IBA071026 8.2 17.4 4.7 31.6 1.1 IBA082032 7.4 13.2 4.2 31.8 1.1 IBA082425 8.8 16.4 4.8 30.4 1.1 IBA082708 9.6 11.3 3.5 29.9 1.3 IBA083594 7.8 15.9 3.8 28.9 1.1 IBA083724 7.7 16.0 5.1 32.2 1.1 IBA083739 8.0 18.5 5.4 31.8 1.1 IBA083849 7.7 17.5 4.6 31.2 1.1
Mean 8.3 13.7 3.9 30.6 1.2 CV (%) 10.5 22.6 24.2 3.8 19.8
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Figure 2. Means vs Stability for TC iCheck
Results (cont’d)
Figure 3. GGE Biplot for CMDS
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Results (cont’d)
Figure 4. GGE Biplot for Fresh yield (t/ha) Figure 5. GGE Biplot for dry yield (t/ha)
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Results (cont’d) Ø IBA070593 (chk) had the highest TC of 10.6 µg/g while
IBA070703 with TC of 9.1 µg/g was the most stable across all environments followed by IBA070557
Ø IBA083739 was the highest and most stable for both fresh and dry yield across environments while IBA83724 was also highly stable for dry yield
Ø Most clones had high resistance to cassava mosaic disease as shown by biplot with first two principal components accounted for 97.1% of total variation
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Conclusion
Ø Four genotypes IBA070557, IBA070703, IBA083724 and IBA083739 were identified with high stable performance for preferred traits
Ø These four genotypes were selected for further testing in national performance trials (NCRP)
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Acknowledgements
Partners, CBU
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Thank you
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Thank you