performance monitoring for efficiency
DESCRIPTION
"Performance Monitoring for Efficiency" presents an ongoing commissioning process to ensure buildings stay energy efficient over time. Tom Anderson's and Emily Cross' presentation at the 2012 Better Buildings by Design Conference uses the Burlington International Airport as a case study.TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Performance Monitoring for Efficiency
THOMAS ANDERSON, CCPEMILY CROSS, MASc, PEng, CEM
Burlington, Vermontcx‐associates.com
tom@cx‐associates.comtom@cx associates.comemily@cx‐associates.com
![Page 2: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Efficiency Vermont is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems (AIA/CES). Credit(s) earned on completion of this program will be reported to AIA/CES for AIA b C tifi t f C l ti f b th AIA b dAIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request.
This program is registered with AIA/CES for continuing professionalThis program is registered with AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using,material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
Questions related to specific materials methods and services will beQuestions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
2
![Page 3: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Learning Objectives
Understand why performance monitoring is necessary
Learn how to apply real time performance monitoring economically and
effectively
Know which basic performance metrics to include on every project Know which basic performance metrics to include on every project
Understand the best approaches to long term performance data archiving
3
![Page 4: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Course EvaluationsIn order to maintain high‐quality learning experiences, please access the
evaluation for this course by logging into CES Discovery and clicking on h C E l i li k h l f id f hthe Course Evaluation link on the left side of the page.
4
![Page 5: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Performance MonitoringPerformance Monitoring
• Part of the ongoing commissioning process forPart of the ongoing commissioning process for buildings and building systems
5
![Page 6: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is Commissioning?What is Commissioning?
• Comprehensive QA process for buildings andComprehensive QA process for buildings and building systems
Soup to Nuts– Design Review– Equipment and Instrumentation Validation– Functional Performance Testing– Continuous Commissioning
6
![Page 7: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What is Commissioning?What is Commissioning?
• Comprehensive QA process for buildings andComprehensive QA process for buildings and building systems
Soup to Nuts– Design Review– Equipment and Instrumentation Validation– Functional Performance Testing– Continuous Commissioning
7
![Page 8: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What is Commissioning?What is Commissioning?
• Comprehensive QA process for buildings andComprehensive QA process for buildings and building systems
Soup to Nuts– Design Review– Equipment and Instrumentation Validation– Functional Performance Testing– Continuous Commissioning
8
![Page 9: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What is Commissioning?What is Commissioning?
• Comprehensive QA process for buildings andComprehensive QA process for buildings and building systems
Soup to Nuts– Design Review– Equipment and Instrumentation Validation– Functional Performance Testing– Performance Monitoring
9
![Page 10: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Case Study: BIA CxCase Study: BIA CxBurlington International Airport
Chiller Plant Upgrade AHU/Boiler Upgrade
10
![Page 11: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Case Study: BIA CxCase Study: BIA Cx
Burlington International AirportBurlington International Airport
Chiller Plant Upgradepg
Frictionless (Magnetic Bearing) Centrifugal ChillerTwo Fan Induced Draft Cross flow Cooling TowerBTU Meters with Insertion Turbine Flow Meters
11
![Page 12: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Case Study: BIA CxCase Study: BIA Cx
Burlington International AirportBurlington International Airport
HVAC Upgrade
R ft /VAV (2)Rooftop/VAVs (2)Condensing Boilers (2)Existing DuctworkExisting Ductwork
12
![Page 13: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Design ReviewDesign ReviewChiller Plant
• The control diagram at this time lacks the capability for facility operators monitor how much power the pumps and the chiller
t th t d hillconsume…we suggest that pump and chiller KW values be imported into the DDC control system and displayed on the DDCsystem and displayed on the DDC graphics…display of chiller kW, tonnage, and a kW per Ton performance metrics.kW per Ton performance metrics.
13
![Page 14: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Design ReviewDesign ReviewChiller Plant
• The piping diagram calls for glass “stick” typeThe piping diagram calls for glass stick type piping thermometers. These stick type piping thermometers are very difficult to read in thethermometers are very difficult to read in the field. We suggest the use of round dial type piping thermometers. These are far easier topiping thermometers. These are far easier to read in the field and will benefit facility operating staff.operating staff.
14
![Page 15: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Design ReviewDesign ReviewHVAC Systems
• Cross connects Cold/Hot duct cross connection: The new VAV boxes are shown connected to either the existing hot or cold duct mains…To mitigate main duct pressure losses, could the separate hot and cold d i b d li i fl ?duct mains be cross connected to equalize air flow?
15
![Page 16: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Equipment Checkout: LeaksEquipment Checkout: Leaks• Air Leaks: loss of conditioned air
wasted fan energy– Existing ducts: seams joints corners not sealedExisting ducts: seams, joints, corners, not sealed
16
![Page 17: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Equipment Checkout: LeaksEquipment Checkout: Leaks• Air Leaks: loss of conditioned air
wasted fan energy– New equipment: damaged closure mechanisms and gaskets, as installed
17
![Page 18: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Equipment Checkout: LeaksEquipment Checkout: Leaks
18
![Page 19: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Equipment Checkout: Pressure DropEquipment Checkout: Pressure Drop • VAV box air inlet• 4 inch round duct runout installed• 6 inch round duct runout specified• 6 inch round duct runout specified• 4 to 5 times inlet static pressure drop
C0 = 19 C0 = 89
19
specified installed
![Page 20: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Equipment Checkout: Pressure DropEquipment Checkout: Pressure Drop
• Piping strainer inaccessible• Piping strainer inaccessible
Roof
Top of
Strainer
Top of duct
20
![Page 21: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Equipment Checkout: RetrofitEquipment Checkout: Retrofit• Known Issue
21
![Page 22: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Equipment Checkout: RetrofitEquipment Checkout: Retrofit• Opportunities for Communication
22
![Page 23: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Equipment Checkout: Per Drawings?Equipment Checkout: Per Drawings?
• Cogged vs Standard fan V‐belts• Cogged vs. Standard fan V‐belts
23
![Page 24: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Equipment Checkout: Per Drawings?Equipment Checkout: Per Drawings?
• Counterflow pipingp p g
24
![Page 25: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Equipment Checkout: Air QualityEquipment Checkout: Air Quality• Standing water not permitted per ASHRAE 62.1• CHW pipe insulation remained to be installed, no drain
25
![Page 26: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Instrumentation: Gauges and SensorsInstrumentation: Gauges and Sensors
26
![Page 27: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Instrumentation: Gauges and SensorsInstrumentation: Gauges and Sensors• Pete’s plugs for validation of piping sensors and gauges• Round vs Stick thermometers are easier to read• Round vs. Stick thermometers are easier to read
specified installed
• Calibrate/compare against NIST certified test instruments• Location of thermostats and control system sensors
Avoid interference from direct sun or equipment exhaust– Avoid interference from direct sun or equipment exhaust
27
![Page 28: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Instrumentation: DDC Program ValidationInstrumentation: DDC Program Validation
28
![Page 29: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Instrumentation: DDC Program ValidationInstrumentation: DDC Program Validation
• Sensor scaling errors• Sensor scaling errors– 0 to 5 V or 0 to 10 V?Chill t l d di l d f d t b– Chiller percent load displayed found to be one third of actual per BTU meters
Ph i l h k• Physical checks– Outside air dampers found in a position other than commanded by the DDC system
– Too much outside air being brought in (expensive)
29
![Page 30: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Functional Performance Testing: ChillerFunctional Performance Testing: Chiller
• Chilled water pump rate of flow change• Chilled water pump rate of flow change found to be too rapid
• Minimum chiller flow was not maintained
30
![Page 31: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Functional Performance Testing: HVACFunctional Performance Testing: HVAC
• Software programmed with an• Software programmed with an economizer mode lockout when the
td i t t d b loutdoor air temperature drops below 40F.
• Outside Air Control: configured for damper position rather than flow.damper position rather than flow.
31
![Page 32: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Functional Performance Testing: ControlsFunctional Performance Testing: ControlsChiller MER exhaust fan stays on after alarm clears
MER temperature > 80FMER temperature > 80FRefrigerant leak detection
32
![Page 33: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Up Next: Performance MonitoringUp Next: Performance Monitoring
Thomas Anderson@ itom@cx‐associates.com802.861.2715 x11
33
![Page 34: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Why Performance Monitoring?Why Performance Monitoring?
• How many miles per gallon is my building getting?
34
![Page 35: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Building Energy TrackingBuilding Energy Tracking
• How does my building compare to peer• How does my building compare to peer building?
• Am I using what is expected?• Has anything changed?Has anything changed?• Am I improving over time?
35
![Page 36: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
System Energy TrackingSystem Energy Tracking
• Are systems behaving as they should?• How efficient are my systems?• Today’s performance vs 3 years ago?Today s performance vs. 3 years ago?
36
![Page 37: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
System Energy TrackingSystem Energy Tracking
• Building energy efficiency depreciates 2% to 3% a year
37
![Page 38: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
System Energy TrackingSystem Energy Tracking
Expectations for building operators:• Manage systems efficiently• But we do not provide efficiency ut we do not provide efficiencyfeedback in our designs
38
![Page 39: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Energy ManagementEnergy Management
You cannot manage…
What you cannot measure…What you cannot measure
39
![Page 40: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
What To MeasureWhat To Measure
•Building Service•Building Service‐ Electrical‐ Fuel
•Central Plants‐ HeatingCooling‐ Cooling
‐ Refrigeration
40
![Page 41: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Other Sub GroupsOther Sub Groups
•Key Lighting Circuits•Key Lighting Circuits‐ Exterior Lighting‐ Key Lighting Zones
•Computer Roomsp•Central Air Handlers•Central Pumps
41
![Page 42: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Devices
BTU MetersBTU Meters• Liquids:
‐ Heating Hot Water‐ Chilled WaterChilled Water‐ Domestic Hot Water
42
![Page 43: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Turbine Meters
•Closed Loop Fluids• Fairly Clean Water
43
![Page 44: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Turbine Meters
44
![Page 45: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Ultrasonic Meters
•Clamp‐on•Clamp‐on•Non‐Invasive•Good for Retrofits•Clean or Unclean Liquids•Clean or Unclean Liquids
45
![Page 46: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Ultrasonic
46
![Page 47: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Electromagnetic Meter
• Critical water flow applications• Critical water flow applications• Open loop• “Dirty Water”
‐ Gray WaterGray Water‐ Sea Water
d‐ Process Liquids
47
![Page 48: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Electromagnetic Meter
48
![Page 49: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Power Monitoring
• Key Electrical Sub‐circuits• Key Electrical Sub‐circuits‐ Exterior Lighting / Interior Lighting
• Key large equipment‐ ChillersChillers‐ Large Compressors, etc…
P i El t i l S i P ibl• Primary Electrical Service – Possibly
49
![Page 50: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Power Monitoring
•Measure True kW•Also:
‐ VoltageVoltage‐ Power Factor
50
![Page 51: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Power Monitoring
51
![Page 52: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
VFD Power Loss
52
![Page 53: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
VFD Power Loss IO
53
![Page 54: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
VFD Power Loss – Network Interface
54
![Page 55: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Performance Metrics
Building Annual Energy:Building Annual Energy:• kBTU/Square Foot/Year
• EUI: Energy Use Index• “Miles per Gallon” for Buildings
• For Electrical and Fuels• Also: kWH/Square Foot/Year• Also: kWH/Square Foot/Year
55
![Page 56: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Unit Conversion
• Electrical:• Electrical:‐ kWH/YR x 3.41 kBTU/kWH
• Fossil Fuel:‐ Fuel Units/YR x BTU Per Unit/ 1,000Fuel Units/YR x TU Per Unit/ ,000
• Units Delivered to Building (not source Energ )Energy)
56
![Page 57: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Information Presentation
57
![Page 58: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
58
![Page 59: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Cooling Plant
59
![Page 60: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Cooling Plant
60
![Page 61: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Typical Pump
59
![Page 62: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Cx of Performance Monitoring
Commissioning:Commissioning:• BTU Meters: Water• Upstream/Downstream straight piping• T&B Accuracy Verification• T&B Accuracy Verification
‐ vs. Balance Valve‐ vs. Pump Curve‐ vs. Equipment Pressure Dropq p p
62
![Page 63: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
BTU Meters: Water
• Temperature• Temperature‐ +/‐ 0.1°F Accuracy Goal‐ Insertion Temperature Probe‐ ≈ with +/‐ 0.1°F Accuracy ‐ ≈ RTD Type: Not ThermisterMust Have Insertion Test Ports!‐ Must Have Insertion Test Ports!
63
![Page 64: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Power Meters
•Goal: +/‐ 0 1 kW (True kW)•Goal: +/‐ 0.1 kW (True kW)•3 Phase: Sum of 3 legs•Precision field meter required
‐ +/‐ $2 000 meter cost+/ $2,000 meter cost
• Stable operation required
64
![Page 65: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
VFD Based Power
• +/‐ 0.1 kW Accuracy Goal• Compare VFD Display with building BMS• Check for 0 0 KW when off• Check for 0.0 KW when off
65
![Page 66: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Data Acquisition
•Capture Related Data•Capture Related Data•Outside Air Temperature (All)•Cooling Plants
‐ OA EnthalpyOA Enthalpy‐ CHWS Temperature
d‐ Condenser Water Temperature‐ To Chiller
66
![Page 67: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Correlate Related Data
• Heating: BTUH vs Average Hourly OA TempHeating: BTUH vs. Average Hourly OA Temp• Fans: kW/kCFM/HR vs. Average Hourly OA TempTemp
• Cooling Plant‐ kW/Ton vs. Average Hourly Enthalpy‐ kW/Ton vs. Average Hourly Condenser Temp
67
![Page 68: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Data Management
Central PlantsCentral Plants• Data Frequency: Every Minute• Then 15 Minute Average• Then Hourly Average• Then Daily Average, etc...
68
![Page 69: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Data Management
• Too Much Data to Store• Too Much Data to Store•Develop Average Data
‐ For Permanent Storage
•Dump detailed data after +/‐ 90Dump detailed data after +/ 90 days or so
69
![Page 70: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Further Resources
“The Building Performance TrackingThe Building Performance Tracking Handbook,” California Commissioning C ll b tiCollaborative – cacx.org
ASHRAE Guideline 22‐2008 –“Instrumentation for Monitoring CentralInstrumentation for Monitoring Central Chilled‐Water Plant Efficiency”
70
![Page 71: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Further Resources
CBECS – Commercial Building EnergyCBECS – Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey
Benchmarking Building Energy PerformanceBenchmarking Building Energy Performance Oak Ridge National Laboratory –
eber ed ornleber.ed.ornl
69
![Page 72: Performance Monitoring for Efficiency](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042714/554a39f2b4c905863d8b48af/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Questions?
Thomas Anderson Emily CrossThomas Andersontom@cx‐associates.com
802 861 2715 11
Emily Crossemily@cx‐associates.com
802 861 2715 14802.861.2715 x11 802.861.2715 x14Visit our blog at: http://buildingenergy.cx‐associates.com/
110 Main Street110 Main StreetStudio 1BBurlington, VT 05401
72
802.861.2715