Perennial Wheat Evaluation Cowra Agricultural Research & Advisory Station

Matthew Newell – Primary Industries – 22nd Sep Cowra

Two sites in contrasting environments 2009

Cowra Row Nursery Woodstock Plot Study

Cowra Nursery 2009

Grain Yield

0

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

225

250

275

300

We

dg

eta

il

292A

243b

Na

pa

roo

243a

292b

Su

mm

er

1

248b

234a

238A

245b

240b

255a

252a

244a

264a

264b

245a

248a

Zh

on

g 4

235b

Zh

on

g 5

262a

256B

232

A+

B

282A

234B

244B

276B

250B

Du

nd

as

249B

284B

257a

260a

250A

257b

240A

TA

F 4

6

258a

288a

275A

262b

Fa

mil

y 1

0

gra

ms/ M

ro

w

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

Harv

es

t In

dex

Grain Yield (lsd 37.44)

HI (lsd 0.05)

Mega Wheats Cowra 2009

Grain Yield

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

MW

3162

E

MW

2444

MW

3162

Wed

getai

l

MW

0863

MW

0117

Nap

aroo

MW

0177

MW

0157

MW

0865

MW

0419

MW

0400

MW

0846

Dundas

gra

ms

\ M

ro

w

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

Harv

es

t In

dex

Grain Yield (lsd 37.44)

HI (lsd 0.05)

Cowra Nursery

Regrowth/ GrainYield

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0D

un

das

Fam

ily 1

0

253

235a

280B

257b

244B

233B

OT

38

231A

236a

OK

72

242B

234B

281B

TA

F 4

6

231B

247A

246A

249B

247B

238B

288a

250A

236b

Su

mm

er

1

243b

234a

Reg

row

th S

co

re

0

50

100

150

200

250

gra

ms/M

ro

w

Yield

Average Regrowth

Cowra Nursery 2009

Regrowth 2010

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug

Re

gro

wth

sco

re

Dundas

Family 10

253

235a

280B

257b

244B

233B

OT 38

231A

236a

OK 72

242B

234B

281B

TAF 46

Entry

1st year

harvest

Dec 09

(grams)

2nd year

harvest

Apr 10

(grams)

No. Reps

harvested

year 2

No. Reps

still

surviving

OK 72 106.94 5.04 3 1

235a 33.61 4.27 2 2

247B 51.25 2.40 2 2

281B 22.75 1.74 3 2

280B 20.98 0.90 3 2

231A 21.31 0.88 1 1

246A 63.50 0.75 2 1

279A 34.28 0.70 1 1

236a 32.12 0.48 1 1

257b 2.57 0.41 3 3

251a 17.61 0.25 1 0

264a 174.19 0.18 1 1

258B 15.16 0.11 2 1

233a 27.80 0.10 1 0

242B 24.33 0.03 3 2

227A+B 33.81 0.02 2 0

276A 14.84 0.00 1 0

276B 7.13 0.00 2 0

280A 16.02 0.00 1 0

281A 27.47 0.00 1 0

288a 0.89 0.00 2 2

O-38 33.77 0.00 2 2

235a April-10

Elymus multiflorus April-10

Dundas April-10

268b (Tenacious Glumes)

Cowra Nursery 2009

Threshability Index

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

266C 275A 266b 259a 270b 280B 286b 228A 291B CS-LE

TI

Monthly Averages

Cowra/ Woodstock 2009

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Jan-

09

Feb-

09

Mar-

09

Apr-

09

May-

09

Jun-

09

Jul-

09

Aug-

09

Sep-

09

Oct-

09

Nov-

09

Dec-

09

Jan-

10

Feb-

10

Rain

fall m

m

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Tem

p 0

C

Cowra RF

Woodstock RF

Cowra Max Temp

Woodstock Max Temp

Altitude

Woodstock 515 m

Cowra 381 m

Woodstock 09

Plot Yield

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500W

ed

geta

ilN

ap

aro

oM

W0863

MW

3162

243b

MW

3162 E

MW

2444

MW

0419

MW

0177

MW

0157

245b

MW

0400

MW

0117

244a

243a

245a

MW

0846

MW

0865

235b

240b

234a

252a

292b

Zh

on

g 2

Su

mm

er

1267a

235a

248b

248a

255a

Zh

on

g 1

Zh

on

g 5

267b

242a

254b

272a

251b

239a

264a

268b

237

268a

264b

266c

233a

271b

B84-9

94

Zh

on

g 4

236b

OK

72

269b

254a

259a

251a

286a

253a

270a

261b

255b

274a

286b

Ot

38

266b

236a

Mo

un

tain

rye

kg

/ha

0

50

100

150

200

250

Plot Yield kg/ha lsd 881

DAS lsd 4.78

Woodstock 09

Anthesis Dry Matter

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000M

W0157

MW

2444

MW

3162 E

MW

0419

MW

0846

MW

0400

MW

0117

239a

MW

3162

MW

0863

244a

237

235b

245a

OK

72

Zh

on

g 1

MW

0865

Wed

geta

il254a

268a

266b

240b

286a

MW

0177

255a

254b

269b

248b

Zh

on

g 4

Zh

on

g 2

Mo

un

tain

rye

259a

261b

252a

Nap

aro

o234a

243b

242a

264a

292b

248a

274a

Su

mm

er

1Z

ho

ng

5286b

233a

268b

B84-9

94

253a

235a

245b

Ot

38

243a

271b

266c

272a

267a

255b

264b

251b

236a

267b

251a

236b

270a

kg

/ha

Anthesis DM lsd 3289

Woodstock 09 Regrowth Scores

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Jan-10 Feb-10 Mar-10 Apr-10

Sc

ore

Family 10

235a

Dundas

OK 72

236a

251b

OT 38

236b

Summary

•Other measurements taken

Awns

Plant Height

Grain Colour

Tillering

•Material appears to biennial as evident in the rapid decline in

regrowth scores between year2 and year3

•Woodstock site may give us some indication on the role of

environment in expressing perenniality. 11 varieties showed some sign

of regrowth at Woodstock but not Cowra

•2010 Row nursery site at Cowra containing:

14 selections from Intermediate Wheatgrass new from quarantine

39 perennial accessions held at the Cereal Collections Unit

Most promising lines from 2009 nursery

•Woodstock Plot study: more promising lines plus others that were not

there last year

OT 38 Jan-09

236a Jan-09

OT 38 May-10

236a May-10

Masters Study Developing perennial grains from Australian perennial grasses

Number of Triticeae grasses endemic to Australia

– Elymus scaber var. scaber. (Common Wheatgrass): Wide distribution in NSW from coastal to inland environments. Very common in all southern states of Australia.

– Elymus multiflorus (Phillip Island Wheatgrass): Distribution limited to coastal areas.

– Elytrigia repens (English Couch): Introduced but common in most parts of NSW. Has been used in wheatgrass improvement programs in the past.

– Australopyrum pectinatum: Generally found on black soil plains at higher altitudes of the northern and southern tablelands.

– Australopyrum retrofractem: Found in alpine regions in southern Australia.

– Australopyrum velutinum: Grows in high altitude forests and grasslands.

Location and annual rainfall information

for Elymus sp. Accessions

Canowindra

Annual RF 598mm

Elevation 435 M

Panuara

Annual RF 987mm

Elevation 781M

Ganmain

Annual RF 461mm

Elevation 194 M

Holbrook

Annual RF 694mm

Elevation 380 M

Wagga Wagga

Annual RF 519 mm

Elevation 219 M

Physiology Trial Layout

Summer survival strategy

Basic measures on phenology, growth, fertility and seed yield

Rep 1 Rep 2 Rep 3Buffer (Fescue clover mix?)

Wag Gan Hol Can Pan Wag Pan Gan Can Hol Wag Pan Gan Hol Can

Gan Can Pan Hol Wag Can Hol Wag Pan Gan Can Wag Hol Gan Pan

Hol Pan Can Wag Gan Hol Pan Gan Can Wag Pan Gan Can Wag Hol

Complete Summer Watering Wagga

Summer Storm Ganmain

Summer Drought Holbrook

Canowindra

Panurara

Elymus Scaber

(2n=6x=42 SSYYWW)

Triticum carthlicum

(2n=4x=28 AABB)

Triticum aestivum

(2n=6x=42 AABBDD)

Pentaploid

(2n=5x=35 ABSYW)

Hexaploid

(2n=6x=42 ABDSYW)