percobaan iii (asidimetri-alkalimetri).doc

7/27/2019 PERCOBAAN III (Asidimetri-Alkalimetri).doc

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PERCOBAAN III

ASIDIMETRI - ALKALIMETRI

I. TUJUAN PERCOBAAN

I.1. Membuat larutan stanar !Cl ar" !Cl #e$at an larutan stanar NaO! serta

#en%en&eran larutan an menera#$an larutan stanar alam anal"s"s $uant"tat"'

I.(. Mela$u$an #r)seur stanar"sas" larutan-larutan stanar s$uner sebelum anal"s"s

I.*. Menentu$an $aar Natr"um $arb)nat alam sam#el-sam#el asetat %las"al mau#un

sam#el &u$a #era%an%an

I.+. Menentu$an $aar asam asetat alam sam#el asam asetat %las"al mau#un sam#el &u$a

#era%an%an

I.,. Menentu$aaan $)m#)s"s" #r)u$ #an%an atau sam#el buatan an% men%anun%

&am#uran $arb)nat alam natr"um "r)$s"a

I./. Menentu$an #"l"an "n"$at)r alam anal"s"s &am#uran

TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

(.1 As""metr"- Al$al"metr"

T"tras" asam basa ser"n% "sebut as""metr"-al$al"metr". As""metr" an al$al"metr"seba"$na "art"$an se&ara umum sa0a a$n" t"tras" an% menan%$ut rea$s"-rea$s"

asam en%an basa. Se&ara ters"rat "art"$an " atas ba2a as""metr"-al$al"metr"

menan%$ut rea$s" en%an asam an atau en%an basa. D"antarana 3

1. asam $uat 4 basa $uat

(. asam lema 4 basa $uat

*. asam $uat 4 basa lema

+. asam $uat 4 %aram an asam lema

,. basa $uat 4 %aram an basa lema

alam t"tras" as"" al$al"metr" #erubaan ter#ent"n% an% menasar" #enentuan t"t"$

a$"r an &ara #er"tun%an "ala #erubaan #! t"trat

1. Asam en%an basa 5rea$s" #enetralan6 a%ar $uant"tat"' ma$a asam an atau basa

an% bersan%$utan arus $uat.

(. Asam en%an %aram 5re$s" #embentu$an asam lema6 a%ar $uant"tat"' asam

arus $uat an %aram "tu arus terbentu$ ar" asam lema se$al".


2/27

*. Basa en%an %aram a%ar $uant"tat"' basa arus $uat an %aram arus terbentu$

ar" basa lema se$al" 0a" berasar #embentu$an basa lema tersebut.

5!ar0a" 177*6

(.( Te)r" Asam Basa

(.(.1. Te)r" Ar&en"us

Dalam te)r"na tentan% #en%ura"an 5"s)s"as"6 ele$tr)l"t S8ante Ar&en"us

5199+6 men%a0u$an ba2a ele$tr)l"t an% "larut$an " alam a"r terura"

men0a" ")n-")n. Ele$tr)l"t an% $uat terura" sem#urna ele$tr)l"t an% lema

terura" ana seba%"an. Suatu 0en"s :at an% 0"$a terura" men%as"l$an ")n

"r)%en 5!;6 "sebut asam m"salna !Cl

!Cl 5a


3/27

Ser"n%$al" se#ert" alam #en%ura"an asam asetat alam a"r basa "n" b"sa 0a"

aala #elarut "tu sen"r"=

!OA& !;; OA&-

!(O ; !; !*O

;

!OA& ; !(O !*O;; OA&-

Asam 1 basa ( asam ( basa 1

5Uner2)) 17796

(.(.*. Te)r" Br)nste L)2r

D"sam#"n% $eberas"lanna an man'aatna te)r" Ar&en"us mem"l"$"

$eterbatasan. Sala satuna aala te)r" "n" t"a$ men%enal sena2a la"n seba%a"

basa $e&ual" men%as"la$an O!-. !al "n" men0a" #ena0"an ")n"sas" larutan

am)n"a en%an #elarut a"r sbb 3

N!+O!5a


4/27

(.+ Penentuan T"t"$ A$"r

B"asana ua 0en"s "n"$at)r " %una$an untu$ menentu$an t"t"$ a$"r. In"$at)r

tersebut aala "n"$at)r e$sternal mau#un "n"$at)r "nternal. B"asana "n"$at)r

e$sternal " %una$an alam u0" ber&a$. C)nt)na K(>e5CN6/ untu$ ?n. In"$at)r

e$sternal a#at "%ant"$an )le "n"$at)r re)$s "nternal. In"$at)r ar" 0en"s "n" arus

men%as"l$an #erubaan #)tens"al )$s"as" " se$"tar t"t"$ e$"8alen rea$s" re)$s.

@an% terba"$ aala "n"$at)r 11-'enantr)l"n "n"$at)r "n" mem#una" #)tens"al

)$s"as" #aa ar%a antara #)tens"al larutan an% " t"tras" an #en"tranna se"n%%a

member"$an t"t"$ a$"r an% an% 0elas.

5K)#$ar 17776

(., T"t"$ a$"r t"tras" an t"t"$ a$"r e$"8alen t"tras"

a.T"t"$ a$"r t"tras"

T"t"$ #aa saat "n"$at)r beruba 2arna. Perubaan 2arna a$an ter0a" a#ab"la :at

an% "t"tras" sua men&a#a" P! an% sesua" atau tertentu.

b.T"t"$ a$"r e$"8alen t"tras"

T"t"$ #aa saat ter0a" rea$s" sem#urna atau t"t"$ #aa saat "tamba$an $uant"tas

asam atau basa an% e$"8alen.

5Da"nt"t 177+6

(./ In"$at)r Asam- Basa

Asam atau basa )r%an"$ an% mem#una" satu 2a$tu 0"$a $)nsentras" "r)%en leb"

t"n%%" ar" #aa suatu ar%a tertentu )le suatu 2arna la"n 0"$a $)nsentras" "tu leb"

rena. A$an "%una$an rumus umum !In untu$ "n"$at)r asam lema untu$

men%%ambar$an t"#e rea$s" an% terl"bat. Keset"mban%an untu$ #en%")nna

"nata$an seba%a" 3

!In !;; In-

5Keenan 1776


5/27

Tabel ran%e In"$at)r asam-basa

N) Nama P$" Jen"s Trae$ P! arna

Asam Basa

1

(

*

+

,

/

9

Asam #"$rat

Met"l $un"n%

Met"l 0"n%%a

Met"l mera

La$mus

Mera 'en)l

>en)l'tale"n

T"m)l'tale"n

(*

*(

*+

,

9

A

B

B

B

A

A

A

1 4 9

(7 4 +

*1 4 ++

+( 4 /*

+, 4 9*

/+ 4 9

9( 4 1

7* 4 1,

Ta$ ber2arna

Mera

Mera

Mera

Mera

Kun"n%

Ta$ ber2arna

Ta$ ber2arna

Kun"n%

Kun"n%

J"n%%a

Kun"n%

B"ru

Mera

mera

B"ru

5!ar0a" 177*6

(. Jen"s-Jen"s In"$at)r

a. Pen)l#tale"n 5PP6

Pen)l#tale"n aala "n"$at)r ar" %)l)n%an 'tale"n an% bana$ " %una$an

alam #ela$sanaan #emer"$saan $"m"a. Pen)l#tale"n aala sena2a ablur #ut"

an% mem#una" $eran%$a. In"$at)r "n" su$ar larut alam a"r ta#" a#at berea$s"

en%an a"r se"n%%a &"n&"na terbu$a an membentu$ asam an% ber2arna. Trae$

#! 9 4 7/. Stru$tur #en)l#tale"n aala 3

5Mul)n)(6

b.Met"l Oran%e

Aala "n"$at)r asam basa ar" %)l)n%an :at 2arna "a:) "n"$at)r "n"

meru#a$an asam berbasa satu netral se&ara $el"str"$an teta#" mem#una" mutan

#)s"t"' an ne%at"' $arena "tu 0"n%%a met"l aala :2"tter ")n. Trae$ #! *1 4 ++.

5Mul)n) (6

(.7 Kesalaan Karb)nat

O

O

HO

OH

#.en)l#.tale"n


6/27

NaO! a#at "t"tras" en%an !Cl atau sebal"$na men%%una$an 0"n%%a met"l

atau >en)l'tale"n en%an as"l an% am#"r ta$ berbea. !al "n" ana benar 0"$a

larutan NaO! atau basa $uat la"nna t"a$ ber"s" $arb)nat an% bersan%$utan sebab

b"la NaO! ber"s"Na(CO* lalu " t"tras" en%an !Cl ma$a t"t"$ a$"r en%an

>en)l'tale"n a$an leb" $e&"l ar" #aa en%an 0"n%%a met"l. Karena untu$ an%

#ertama Na(CO* ana men%amb"l satu satu ")n !;untu$ set"a# m)le$ul $arb)nat

sean% untu$ t"t"$ a$"r $eua "#erlu$an ua ")n !;. Sel"s" antara $eua t"t"$ a$"r

a$an sema$"n besar 0"$a $anun%an NaO! sema$"n besar #ula.

Basa-basa $uat bana$ "%una$an seba%a" larutan ba$u untu$ men"tras" asam

teta#" basa mua se$al" berea$s" en%an CO(ar" uara se"n%%a selalu terbentu$

an larutanna ber"s" $arb)nat "n" bera$"bat ba2a stanar"sas"na aala a$an

member"$an n"la" $)nsentras" basa an% beraa #aa "n"$at)r PP an% "#a$a" ar"

#aa mema$a" 0"n%%a met"l.

J"$a larutan "n" " #a$a" untu$ men"tras" asam la"n an "n"$at)r la"n ar" #aa

2a$tu stanar"sas" ma$a a$an t"mbul $esalaan untu$ men%"nar$an al "n"

seba"$na #aa et"$et 0u%a " &antum$an 0u%a "n"$at)r an% " #a$a" alam

stanar"sas"na an t"tras" en%an basa tersebut 0u%a selalu men%%una$an "n"$at)r

ta" $esalaan " atas "sebut $esalaan $arb)nat.

5!ar0a" 179/6

(.1 Anal"sa Baan

(.11.1 !Cl

Sena2a "r)%en an $l)r"n bers"'at $)r)s"' t"t"$ lele 3-1+ an t"t"$ "" 3

-9,C a#at men%"r"tas" $ul"t rea$t"' an meru#a$an asam $uat.

5Da"nt" 177+6

(.11.( NaO!

Kr"stal ber2arna #ut" menera# a"r an CO( ar" uara larut alam a"r

al$))l t"t"$ ""3 17*7C an t"t"$ lele3*19C.

5Da"nt"t177+6

(.11.* Na(CO*

D"%una$an untu$ stanar #r"mer a%a$ "%r)$)#"s a#at "t"tras" en%an

"n"$at)r PP meru#a$an s)a #embers" larut alam a"r an berbentu$ bubu$

#ut".

5Uner2))1796

(.11.+ B)ra$s


7/27

Natr"um tetrab)rat e$a"rat NaBaO.1!(O 5BM*91+6 untu$ #e$er0aan

an% san%at tel"t" $r"stalna "$r"stal ulan% ua $al" ar" larutan a"r $emu"an

"$er"n%$an alam es"$at)r en%an en%an $elembaban relat"' atau "atas

larutan 0enu. Untu$ t"t"$ a$"r an% ba"$ a#at " #a$a" larutan asam b)rat "

tamba NaCl seba%a" #emban"n% 2arna en%an 8)lume $)nsentras" serta

0umla "n"$at)r se#ert" an% " #er)le alam stanar"sas".

5Mul)n)1776

(.11., In"$at)r Met"l Mera

5C!*6(NC/ !FNN C/!+COO! asam #ara-"met"lam"n)a:ben:ena $arb))$s"lat

larutan ( alam etan)l / "%una$an seba%a" "n"$at)r en%an selan% #!

++ 5Mera6 "n%%a / 5$un"n%6.

5Amm"ru"n177*6

(.11./ In"$at)r Pen)l'tale"n

Sena2a ablur #ut" su$ar larut alam a"r teta#" a#at ber"ntera$s" en%an a"r

larut alam al$))l t"t"$ lele 3(/1C trae$ #!39-79 #erubaan 2arna ar"

ta$ ber2arna men0a" mera.

5Mul)n)1776

(.11. Asam )$salat $r"stal

5COO!6(.(!(O 5BM 1(/6. San%at stab"l alam $eaaan atm)s'er b"asa arus

"t"tras" seba%a" asam berbasa ua en%an "n"$at)r >en)l'tale"n atau b"ru t"m)l

berasar rea$s" 3

(NaO! ; 5COO!6( 5COONa6( ; (!(O

5Amm"ru"n 179/6

(.11.9 Na!CO*

Paatan $r"stal #ut" larut alam a"r an se"$"t larut alam etan)l serbu$

$un"n% #emaam a#" "$enal seba%a" s)a $ue

5Da"nt"t 177+6

(.11.7 A


8/27

III METODE PERCOBAAN

*.1 Alat an Baan

*.1.1 Alat

1. Nera&a l"str"$ /. P"#et u$ur

(. Labu ta$ar (, ml . Helas arl)0"

*. Buret 9. Helas be$er

+. Erlenmeer 7. Helas u$ur

,. P"#et tetes

*.1.( Baan

1. Na(B+O /. In"$at)r met"l )ran%e

(. !Cl #e$at . In"$at)r PP

*. Kr"stal !(C(O+ 9. Sam#el s)a

+. A$uaes 7. C!*COO!

,. Na(CO*

*.( S$ema $er0a

*.(.1 Stanar"sas" !Cl en%an B)ra$s

Penambaan , ml a


9/27

Pen"tras"an en%an !Cl N

Pen&atatan 8)lume !Cl N

*.(.* Stanar"sas" NaO! en%an !(C(O+

Penambaan , ml a


10/27

Pen%)&)$an "n%%a )m)%en

Pen%amb"lan sam#a" (, ml

Penambaan ( tetes PP

Pen"tras"an en%an NaO!

Pen&atatan 8)lume

*. Menentu$an &am#uran NaO! ; Na(CO*

Penambaan ( tetes PP

Pen%en&eran en%an a


11/27

Penambaan a


12/27

( Stanar"sas" NaO! en%an !Cl N

- Pen%en&eran NaO! sam#a" , ml

- Penambaan ( tetes "n"&at)r met"l )ran%e

- Pen"tras"an en%an !Cl N

- Per"tun%an 8)lume

* Stanar"sas" NaO! en%an !(C(O*

- Natr"um )$salat "larut$an alam a


13/27

Menentu$an &am#uran Na(CO*; Na(CO*

- T"t"$ e$"8alen I en%an "n"&at)r PP an t"t"$

e$"8alen II en%an "n"&at)r M.O

- (, ml larutan &am#uran lalu "tamba$an

"n"&at)r PP

- Pen"tras"an en%an !Cl 1 N sam#a" 2arna

mera ar" PP am#"r "lan%

- Penambaan "n"&at)r MO ( tetes

- Pen"tras"an en%an !Cl 1 N

- Pen&atatan 8)lume

9 Menentu$an amm)n"a alam %aram amm)n"um

- Haram amm)n"um "ber" NaO! stanar

berleb"

- D""$an an ""s" NaO!

- D"t"tras" en%an !Cl stanar

- Pen&atatan 8)lume

. !IPOTESA

K)nsentras" suatu asam atau basa a#at "$etau" en%an met)e as""-al$al"metr".

Per&)baan as""-al$al"metr" "n" bertu0uan untu$ menentu$an $)nsentras" an% te#at ar"

larutan stanar menentu$an 0umla Na(CO*alam sam#el menentu$an 0umla &am#uran

NaO! an Na(CO* alam larutan an untu$ menentu$an "n"$at)r an% te#at. Paa

#er&)baan "n" met)e an% "%una$an aala met)e t"tras". Pr"ns"# an% "la$u$an

aala stanar"sas" larutan-larutan stanar s$uner en%an men%%una$an bebera#a

"n"$at)r. Penambaan PP member" 2arna mera mua en%an basa. T"t"$ e$"8alen an

t"t"$ a$"r "$etau" ar" #erubaan 2arnana. In"&at)r met"l )ran%e member"$an 2arna

mera $e$un"n%an 5)ran%e6 #aa saat t"tras".

PERHITUNGAN


14/27

1. Stanar"sas" !CL en%an B)ra$s

D"$etau" 3

B)ra$s 3 , mL

N B)ra$s 3 ( N

!CL I 3 11( mL

!Cl II 3 111 mL

rata-rata !Cl 3 111, mL

D"tana 3 N)rmal"tas !Cl ...

Ja2ab 3

B)ra$s NB)ra$a !Cl N!Cl

7 N

(. Stanar"sas" NaO! en%an !Cl N

D"$etau" 3

NaO! 3 ( mL

N !Cl 3 7 N

!Cl I 3 19, mL

!Cl II 3 1, mL

rata-rata !Cl 3 19 mL

D"tana 3 N)rmal"tas NaO! ...

Ja2ab 3

NaO! NNaO! !Cl N!Cl

91 N

*. Stanar"sas" NaO! en%an !(C(O+

mL

NxmLNHCl

,11

A(A,A=

mL

NxmLN NaOH

(A

A7A19=


15/27

D"$etau" 3

!(C(O+ 3 , mL

N !(C(O+ 3 9 N

NaO! I 3 **, mL

NaO! II 3 **+ mL

rata-rataNaO! 3 **+, mL

D"tana 3 N)rmal"tas NaO! ...

Ja2ab 3

!(C(O+ N !(C(O+ NaO! N NaO!

1( N

+. Menentu$an Na(CO* alam S)a

D"$etau" 3

BM Na(CO* 3 1/ % m)l-1

Na(CO* 3 (, mL

M Na(CO* 3 1* M

N !Cl 3 7 N

!Cl I 3 /9, mL

!Cl II 3 mL

rata-rata !Cl 3 /7(, mL

D"tana 3 Kemurn"an Na(CO*

Ja2ab 3

Na(CO* 1 1 m%re$

N

NxmLN NaOH

+,**

A9A,A=

mg

BMxV(

=

mg

mgxmL

(,.*/CA

(

1A/(,/7

=

=


16/27

Kemurn"an Na(CO*

,. Menentu$an Cam#uran NaO! ; Na(CO*

D"$etau" 3

BM NaO! 3 + % m)l-1

BM Na(CO* 3 1/ % m)l-1

rata-rata !Cl #aa "n"$at)r PP 3 (/* mL

rata-rata !Cl #aa "n"$at)r MO 3 19, mL

D"tana 3 NaO! an Na(CO*...

Ja2ab 3

NaO! 5a - b6 1 BM NaO!

5(/.* 4 19,6 1 N +

9 mL 1 N +

*1( m% alam , mL &am#uran

Na(CO* (b 1 BM Na(CO*

( 19, 1 1/

*7(( m% alam , mL &am#uran

/. Menentu$an &am#uran Na(CO*; Na!CO*

E1AA*,AA

*( xCONamg

=

E9/1A+

E1AA*,AA

(,*/CA

=

= xmg

mg


17/27

D"$etau" 3

BM Na(CO* 3 1/ % m)l-1

BM Na!CO* 3 9+ % m)l-1

rata-rata !Cl #aa "n"$at)r PP 3 1+, mL

rata-rata !Cl #aa "n"$at)r MO 3 +1(, mL

D"tana 3 Na(CO*an Na!CO*...

Ja2ab 3

1+97* m% alam , mL &am#uran

Na!CO* 5b 4 a6 1 BM

5+1(,41+,6 1 9+

((9+9 m% alam , mL &am#uran

V. PEMBAHASAN

(1A(

*(

*(

CONaBMxxaCONa =

(

1A/1A6A,1+5( xx=


18/27

Per&)baan as""-al$al"metr" "n" bertu0uan untu$ Membuat larutan stanar !Cl ar"

!Cl #e$at an larutan stanar NaO! serta #en%en&eran larutan an menera#$an larutan

stanar alam anal"s"s $uant"tat"' mela$u$an #r)seur stanar"sas" larutan-larutan stanar

s$uner sebelum anal"s"s menentu$an $aar Natr"um $arb)nat alam sam#el-sam#el

asetat %las"al mau#un sam#el &u$a #era%an%an menentu$an $aar asam asetat alam

sam#el asam asetat %las"al mau#un sam#el &u$a #era%an%an menentu$aaan $)m#)s"s"

#r)u$ #an%an atau sam#el buatan an% men%anun% &am#uran $arb)nat alam natr"um

"r)$s"a menentu$an #"l"an "n"$at)r alam anal"s"s &am#uran. an% "la$u$an

aala stanar"sas" larutan-larutan stanar s$uner en%an men%%una$an bebera#a

"n"$at)r. Paa #er&)baan "n" met)e an% "%una$an aala met)e t"tras".

,.1 Stanar"sas" !Cl en%an B)ra$s

Dalam stanar"sas" "n" !Cl bert"na$ seba%a" t"tran an b)ra$s bert"na$

seba%a" t"trat. Stanar"sas" "n" "la$u$an untu$ men%u0" $ea$uratan $)nsentras" !Cl

an% "buat ar" #en%en&eran an men%etau" "n"$at)r a#a$a an% te#at untu$

stanar"sas" "n". B)ra$s "%una$an seba%a" t"trat $arena rea$s"na en%an !Cl a#at

men%as"l$an $ea$uratan an% leb" ba"$ "ban"n% en%an basa lema la"n antara

!Cl an b)ra$s ter0a" rea$s" sem#urna. !Cl 5 asam $uat 6 a$an berea$s" en%an

b)ra$s 5 basa lema 6 membentu$ %aram an% bers"'at asam.

Rea$s" 3

Na(B+O1!(O ; (!Cl (NaCl ; +!*BO*;,!(O

5 )%el 177 6

Dar" rea$s" antara asam $uat an basa lema "tu a$an leb" mua "amat" t"t"$ a$"r

t"tras"na.

Paa #er&)baan "n" b)ra$s meru#a$an larutan stanar #r"mer an !Cl

meru#a$an larutan stanar se$uner. !al "n" "sebab$an $erena 3

- B)ra$s aala suatu %aram an% bers"'at basa lema s"'atna

an% t"a$ mua ter)$s"as" b)ra$s &enerun% stab"l sela"n "tu 0u%a b)ra$s

"temu$an alam $eaaan murn" t"a$ $)r)s"'. B)b)t e$"8alen b)ra$s t"n%%"

a"tu 1(* %Ga


19/27

- !Cl an% "%una$an a"tu berasal ar" as"l #en%en&eran

se"n%%a "mun%$"n$an $)nsentras" !Cl an% "a#at t"a$ te#at.

In"$at)r an% #al"n% te#at "%una$an untu$ t"tras" "n" aala "n"$at)r MO

ran%e #! *-+, $arena ran%e #! %aram 5 bers"'at asam 6 an% "as"l$an mene$at"

ran%e #! ar" "n"$at)r MO se"n%%a "n"$at)r an% #al"n% te#at "%una$an #aa

rea$s" "n" aala MO.

Rea$s" 3

Na(B+O ; 1!(O ; (!Cl (NaCl ; +!*BO* ; ,!(O

Dar" #er&)baan "n" $)nsentras"!Cl an% "a#at$an aala 7 N $)nsentras" an%

""n%"n$an aala 1 N. Karena as"lna mene$at" $)nsentras" an% ""n%"n$an

ma$a #en%en&eran !Cl t"a$ men"m#an% 0au $arena $e$uran%tel"t"an #en%en&eran.

,.( Stanar"sas" NaO! en%an !Cl

Stanar"sas" "n" "la$u$an untu$ men%u0" $ea$uratan $)nsentras" NaO! as"l

#en%en&eran. Dalam stanar"sas" "n" NaO! ber'un%s" seba%a" t"tran an !Cl bert"na$

seba%a" t"trat. NaO! meru#a$an basa $uat se"n%%a a#at berea$s" sem#urna ba"$

en%an asam $uat mau#un basa $uat. D" s"n" an% "#a$a" aala asam $uat.

Rea$s" an% ter0a" antara !Cl an NaO! men%as"l$an %ram an% leb"

&enerun% bers"'at asam. Ma$a "n"$at)r an% "%una$an aala "n"$at)r MO sebab

ran%e #! "n"$at)r "n" *-+, mene$at" ran%e #! %aram asam an% "as"l$an

se"n%%a t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" a#at terbentu$ an "amat".

Rea$s" 3

NaO! ; !Cl NaCl ; !(O

5 )%el 177 6

NaO! as"l #en%en&ran an% ""n%"n$an aala 1 N ternata setela

#en"tras"an "as"l$an $)nsentras" NaO! 7 N. Mene$at" 1 N ma$a #en%an&eran

NaO! t"a$ men"m#an% 0au $arena $e$uran%tel"t"an #en%en&eran.

,.* Stanar"sas" NaO! en%an !(C(O(

Sela"n "stanar"sas" en%an !Cl an% meru#a$an asam $uat NaO! 0u%a

"stanar"sas" en%an asam lema asam )$salat. !al "n" "la$u$an untu$ memast"$an

$ea$uratan $)nsentras" NaO! an% nant"na a$an "%una$an seba%a" larutan stanar

an untu$ menun0u$$an a#a$a larutan NaO! "n" a#at berea$s" sem#urna ba"$

en%an asam lema mau#un $uat.


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Rea$s" an% ter0a" antara NaO! en%an asam )$salat men%as"l$an %aram

an% bers"'at basa. Ma$a "n"$at)r an% "%una$an aala "n"$at)r ## sebab ran%e

#! "n"$at)r "n" 9,-1 mene$at" ran%e #! %aram basa an% "as"l$an ma$a

en%an "n"$at)r "n" a#at menun0u$$an t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" an% terbentu$ an

"tun0u$an en%an #erubaan 2arna.

Rea$s" 3

(NaO! ; !(C(O( Na(C(O+; (!(O

Dar" #er&)baan "n" "a#at$an $)nsentras" NaO! 1( N sama en%an

$)nsentras" NaO as"l stanar"sas" en%an !Cl. Ma$a al "n" membu$t"$an $alau

NaO! a#at berea$s" sem#urna en%an asam lema mau#un $uat. Dan NaO! a#at

"%una$an seba%a" larutan stanar untu$ t"tras" asam basa.

,.+ Menentu$an Na(CO*alam s)a

Dalam #er&)baan "n" ")n $arb)nat "t"tras" en%an asam $uat a"tu !Cl.

Rea$s" 3

CO*(- ; !*O

; !CO*-; !(O

!CO*-; !*O ; !(CO*; !(O

5Uner2)) 1776

In"$at)r an% "%una$an #aa #er&)baan "n" aala met"l )ran%e $arena #r)u$ an%

terbentu$ aala asam lema se"n%%a $eset"mban%an ter&a#a" #aa #! .

Ter0a"na t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" "tana" en%an ter0a"na #erubaan 2arna ar" &)$lat

$e$un"n%an $e mera mua. Dar" #er"tun%an "#er)le $emurn"an Na(CO* sebesar

1+9/.

,., Menentu$an &am#uran NaO! ; Na(CO*

Dalam #er&)baan "n" an% ber#eran seba%a" larutan stanar aala !Cl %una

meneta#$an &am#uran NaO! ; Na(CO*. Cam#uran NaO! ; Na(CO*mem"l"$" ua

t"t"$ e$"8alen se"n%%a a%ar a#at men%etau" t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" "%una$an ua

"n"$at)r. A%ar a#at men%etau" t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" an% #ertama en%an

menamba$an "n"$at)r #en)l#tale"n an t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" an% $eua en%an

menamba$an "n"$at)r met"l )ran%e.

Paa t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" #ertama NaO! "netral$an se&ara sem#urna sean%$an

Na(CO* te#at berea$s" men%as"l$an !CO*4

Rea$s"na 3


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NaO! ; !Cl NaCl ; !(O

CO*(-; !; !CO*

-

5Uner2)) 1776

In"$at)r #en)l#tale"n "%una$an alam #enentuan t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" an% #ertama

$arena larutan bersuasana basa.

Paa t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" an% $eua !CO*4berea$s" en%an !;ar" !Cl membentu$

!(CO* se"n%%a larutan bersuasana leb" asam "mana "n"$at)r met"l )ran%e

be$er0a se&ara )#t"mal #aa trae$ #! *( 4 ++ atau #!

Rea$s" 3

!CO*-; !; !(CO*

Dar" sam#le #er"tun%an sam#el men%anun% *1( m% NaO! an *7(( m% Na (CO*

alam , ml larutan &am#uran.

,./ Menentu$an &am#uran Na(CO*; Na!CO*

Dalam #er&)baan "n" an% ber#aran seba%a" larutan stanar aala !Cl %una

menentu$an &am#uran Na(CO* ; Na!CO*. Cam#uran Na(CO* ; Na!CO* mem"l"$"

ua t"t"$ e$"8alen se"n%%a untu$ men%etau" t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" "%una$an ua

"n"$at)r berbea. A%ar a#at men%etau" t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" an% #ertama en%an

menamba$an "n"$at)r #en)l#tale"n an t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" an% $eua en%an

menamba$an "n"$at)r met"l )ran%e.

Paa t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" an% #ertama Na(CO*berea$s" an men%as"l$an !CO*4an%

bers"'at se"$"t basa.

Rea$s" 3

CO*(-; !; !CO*

4

5Uner2)) 1776

Paa t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" an% $eua "%una$an "n"&at)r metal )ran%e "mana #aa

t"tras" "n" b"$arb)nat an% berasal ar" as"l $arb)nat an an% aa alam larutan

te#at berea$s" en%an !Cl men%as"l$an !(CO* an% bers"'at asam.

Rea$s" 3

!CO*-

; !;

!(CO*5 !CO*-

berasal ar" as"l rea$s" CO*(-

; !;

6

!CO*-; !; !(CO* 5 !CO*

- ar" alam larutan 6


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5Uner2)) 1776

Dar" as"l #er"tun%an "alam , ml larutan &am#uran Na(CO*; Na!CO* sam#el

men%anun% Na(CO* 1+97* m% an Na!CO* ((9+9 m%.

VI. KESIMPULAN

,.1 N)rmal"tas !Cl as"l stanar"sas" en%an b)ra$s 59 N6 aala 7 N

,.( N)rmal"tas NaO! as"l stanar"sas" en%an !Cl Naala 91 N


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,.* N)rmal"tas NaO! as"l stanar"sas" en%an !(C(O+aala 1(

,.+ Kanun%an Na(CO*alam s)a aala 1+9/

,., Dalam , mL &am#uran NaO! an Na(CO*tera#at *1( m% NaO! an *7(( m%

Na(CO*

,./ Dalam , mL &am#uran Na(CO* an Na!CO* tera#at 1+97* m% Na(CO* an

((9+9 m% Na!CO*

VII DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Ammirudin.

Daintith, Jhn. !""#.Kamus Lengkap Kimia. Er$an%%a & Ja'arta


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Har(adi, ). !""*. Ilmu Kimia Analitik Dasar. PT Gram+dia Puta'a Utama &

Ja'arta

K++nan, -har$+. !"".Ilmu Kimia Untuk Universitas. Er$an%%a & Ja'arta

K)#$ar 177 K)nse# Dasar K"m"a Anal"t"$ UI Press Ja$arta.

Mu$/n 177/ $amus $"m"a untu$ sa"ns PT Henes"n) 3 Banun%Petru&&" 1797 Elementar &em"str Prent"&e-!all In& Ne2 @)r$Pr"n%%)"%) A. H. 17*Ensiklopedia Umum @aasan Para Bu$u >ran$l"n Ja$arta.

Ri0ai, Harri1u$. !""2.Asas Pemeriksaan Kimia. UI Pr+ & Ja'arta

S0+h$a. !"".Buku Teks Analisis Anorganik Kualitatif Makro dan Semimikro. PT

Ka$man M+dia Puta'a & Ja'arta

Und+r3d. !"".Analisis Kimia Kuantitatif. Er$an%%a & Ja'arta


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LAMPIRAN

A. Ja3a4an 5+rtan/aan

1. )lume !NO*5BJ 1+ %GmL= $aar ,6 an% arus "amb"l untu$ membuat ,l"ter !NO*1 NM BJ 3 Mr

, 1+ $%GL3 5/* 1-*$%Gm)l6 1//

N !NO* N1 1 1//

1 . N1 (. N(1 1// N , L 1 N 1 (7 L

(. Larutan stanar !(SO+ t"a$ a#at "buat en%an men"mban% te#at asam #e$atna$arena alam #r)ses #en"mban%an !(SO+ tersebut memerlu$an bana$ taa# an%men%%una$an bana$ alat se"n%%a alam #ela$sanaanna "mun%$"n$an aana

8)lume !(SO+an% ter&e&er an nant"na a$an men%uba $)nsentras"na. Berbeaen%an &ara #en%en&eran larutan !(SO+t"n%%al "tamba$an #elaru sa0a se"n%%aa#at "tentu$an $)nsentras"na "sam#"n% "tu #ula ua# an% "as"l$an ar" !(SO+

#e$ata$an men%%an%u b"la "la$u$an #en%en&eran ua# !(SO+ a$an se%era lena#.

*. Buret an #"#et arus "b"las terleb" aulu en%an larutan an% a$an "%una$an$arena b"asana alam #en&u&"anna larutan an% "%una$an seba%a" #en&u&"m"salna a$uaes a$an men"n%%al$an tetes-tetes a$uaes #aa #"#et an burettersebut se"n%%a b"la ""s" suatu larutan tertentu a$an men%uba larutan tersebut.Erlenmeer 0u%a #eru "&u&" en%an larutan an% a$an "%una$an "$arena$an alasantersebut "atas.

+. Paa saat "$etau" m !NO* 7 "en&er$an en%an a


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,. Pr"ns"# t"tras" bal"$ 5ba&$ t"tras")n6 Analat "rea$s"$an en%an #erea$s" an% 0umlana berleb" $emu"an $eleb"an

larutan ba$u tersebut ut"tras". Dalam al "n" 0umla berleb" an% "tamba$an "tuarus "$etau" en%an te#at. Karena $eleb"anna "tentu$an )le t"tras" "tu ma$a

0umla an% "ab"s$an )le analat "tu "ala sel"s"na. Den%an em"$"an 0umla

analat a#at ""tun%.C)nt) 3 menentu$an am)n"a alam %aram am)n"um(, mL %aram amm)n"um "ber" a mL NaO! ar" 77 N. Setela """$an""n%"n$an "ber" "n"&at)r MO an "t"tras" en%an !Cl 11 N sebana$ n mL5BM N!* 1 %Gm)l6. Ma$a alam (, mL larutan %aram amm)n"um men%anun%

N!* 5a 771 4 n 116 m%re$ 5a 771 4 n 116 1 m%

/. Kesalaan "n"$at)r alam t"tras" aala b"la ran%e #! #aa "n"$at)r t"a$ te#at samaen%an t"t"$ e$u"8alen t"tras".

. In"$at)r &am#uran meru#a$an &am#uran antara ua bua "n"$at)r atau &am#uransebua "n"$at)r en%an suatu :at 2arna b"asa 5bu$an "n"$at)r #! 0a" t"a$

beruba 22rna se$al"#un #! beruba6. Teta#" #aa #! tertentu 2arnana "lan%alam art" men0a" "lan% alam art" men0a" "tam an% alam #ra$te$na $el"atanseba%a" $elabu. arna "n" tam#a$ 0elas berbea #aa #! se"$"t " atas mau#un "

ba2ana se"n%%a san%at mem#ermua menentu$an a#a$a larutan suamen&a#a" #! tersebut. B"la #! "tu berte#atan en%an #! t"t"$ e$u"8alen suatu t"tras"ma$a t"t"$ a$"r a#at "tentu$an en%an mua an $etel"t"an an% besar.

9. #! berart" t"tras" asm $uat an basa $uat 5atau sebal"$na6 #! berart" t"tras" asam lema an basa $uat

#! berart" t"tras" asm $uat an basa lema

7. In"$atar asam basa beruba 2arna a#ab"la #! l"n%$un%an beruba $arena 3 a. In"$at)r asam basa "ala asm )r%an"$ lema atau basa )r%an"$ lema 0a"

alam larutan men%alam" $eset"mbana%an #en%")nnanb. M)le$ul "n"$at)r-"n"$at)r tersebut mem#una" 2arna an% berbea en%an ")n-

")nna&. Leta$ trae$ #! #aa #! t"n%%" atau rena atau "ten%a ter%antun% ar" besar

$e&"lna Ka atau Kb "n"$at)r tersebut.

. Ter0a"na trae$ meru#a$an a$"bat $eset"mbana%an an $arena $emam#uan matauntu$ membea$an &am#uran 2arna-2arna terbatas.

1. Karb)nat arus ""lan%$an $arena a#ab"la larutan ba$u basa $uat tela berea$s"en%an CO(ar" uara ma$a $en)rmalanna leb" rena ar" searusna 0"$a untu$stanar"sas" asam $uat ma$a as"lna t"a$ a$an te#at $arena $)nsentras" stanar

#r"merna 5al$al"6 sua t"a$ te#at.

11. Pen%%unaan "n"$at)r se&ara berleb"an a#at menebab$an $esalaan alam#enentuan t"t"$ a$"r t"tras" $arena a#ab"la 8)lume "n"$at)r berleb"an #erubaan2arnana a#at ter0a" #aa #! an% $uran% te#at.


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1(. Haram ar" suatu asam lema an% meru#a$an basa Br)nste a#at "t"tras" se&aralaa$ en%an men%%una$an asam $uat. Sean%$an untu$ %aram ar" basa lema a#at"t"tras" en%an ba"$ men%%una$an basa $uat

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