People Power and Post War Politics

Part AGlobal Citizen

By

S. Angelo

Head Teacher History

East Hills Girls Technology High School

Australia’s Global Participation

• World War II• United Nations

– UN General Assembly– UNESCO– UNICEF

• World Health Organisation• International Labour Organisation• Independent Actions – East Timor,

Solomon Islands

United Nations

• Established post WWII• Peacekeeping Role• Member Nations• Role of Australia

UN Establishment post WWII

• Failure of the League of Nations– No military forces– Unable to enforce sanctions– 3 most powerful nations were not involved

• Russia, Germany, America

– Article 11 – failure to act in international conflict (Italy 1919; Teschen 1919; Vilna 1920; Russo-Poland 1920-21; Ruhr 1923; Italy - Albania 1923; WWII 1939 – 45)

Source Study 1:UN Tour

• http://www.un.org/Pubs/CyberSchoolBus/untour

Member Nations

ArgentinaAustralia BelarusBelgiumBoliviaBrazilCanadaChileChinaColombiaCosta RicaCubaDenmarkDominican

Republic

http://www.un.org/members/list.shtml

Original Members 1945

EcuadorEgyptEl SalvidorEthiopiaFranceGreeceGuatemalaHaitiHondurasIndiaIraq

LebanonLiberiaLuxemburgMexicoNetherlandsNew ZealandNicaraguaNorwayPanamaParguayPeruPhilippines

PolandRussian

FederationSaudi ArabiaSouth AfricaSyrian Arab

RepublicTurkeyUkraineUKUSAUraguayVenezuala

Role of Australia• Dr H.V. Evatt

– High Court Judge– Attorney General– Minister for External Affairs– Leader of ALP– Helped draw up UN charter– Signed UN Charter 26/6/1945– President of the UN General Assembly 1948 – 49– Chairperson of Atomic Energy Commission – Helped draft UN Universal Declaration of Human

Rights 1948

• Raised Australia’s global status

Australia & International Actions

• Korean War (1950 – 53)• Malayan Campaign (1948 – 1960)• Vietnam War (1962 – 1972)• Sinai Emergency Force (1976 – 1979)• Gulf War (1990 – 1991)• Afghanistan War (2001)• Iraq War (2003)

Australia & International Actions• Kashmir (1950 – 1985)• Israel (1956 – present)• Sinai (1982 – 1986)• Cambodia (1989 – 1993)• Somalia (1992 – 1995)• Rwanda (1994 – 1995)• Bougainville (1997 – present)• East Timor (1999 – present)

Peacekeeping RoleUnited Nations Good Offices Commission (UNGOC) in the Dutch East Indies& United Nations Commission for Indonesia (UNCI).UN Military Observer Group in

India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) 1949-Present

UN India-Pakistan Observation Mission (UNIPOM) 1965-1966

UN Commission on Korea (UNCOK): 1948-1950UN Command -  Korea (UNC- K):

1950 - 1956

UN Command Military Armistice Commission (UNCMAC) 1953 - PresentUN Truce Supervision Organisation (UNTSO):

1948 - PresentUnited Nations Disengagement Force

(UNDOF), 1974 – PresentUnited Nations Operation in the Congo

(ONUC): 1960-1964UN Temporary Executive Authority (UNTEA):

1962-1963(United Nations Security Force (UNSF) in West New Guinea (West Irian))

United Nations Yemen Observer Mission (UNYOM)

UN Emergency Force Two (UNEF II): 1973-1979

Commonwealth Monitoring Force, Rhodesia (CMFR: 1979-1980)

Australian Army Contingent – The Commonwealth Military Training Team - UGANDA (1982-1984)

Multinational Force and Observers (MFO) 1982-presentUN Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group

(UNIIMOG): 1988-1990UN Transition Assistance Group

(UNTAG): 1989-1990First Maritime Interception Force

(MIF 1): 1990-1991Multinational Forces in Iraq-Kuwait

(MNF (I-K)): 1991Second Maritime Interception Force

(MIF II): 1991 - PresentUN Special Commission (UNSCOM)Operation Provide Comfort (Iraq

Peacekeeping RoleUN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)UN Advanced Mission in Cambodia (UNAMIC)/UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC)Cambodia Mine Action Centre (CMAC)UN Protection Force in Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Macedonia (UNPROFOR)OPERATION OSIER – NATO Interim Force ( IFOR) & NATO Stabilisation Force (SFOR)  in BOSNIANATO FORCE IN KOSOVO (KFOR)First UN Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM I) 1992-1993Unified Task Force in Somalia (UNITAF): 1992-1993Second UN Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II) 1993-1996UN Mine Clearance Training Team (UNMCTT)The United Nations Assistance Mission to Rwanda (UNAMIR II)United Nations Operation in Mozambique (ONUMOZ)

United Status Forces in Haiti United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala

(MINUGUA)OPERATION LAGOON – South Pacific Peacekeeping Force

(SPPKF)Truce Monitoring Group and Peace Monitoring Group –

Bougainville OPERATION BEL-ISI (I&II)Multinational Military Deployment OPERATION POLLARD –

KUWAITDisaster Relief and Humanitarian Operations - Pacific RegionOperation PLES DRAIUN Advance Mission in East Timor (UNAMET) 1999International Force in East Timor (INTERFET)United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor

(UNTAET)International Peace Monitoring Team – Solomon IslandsThe United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE)The United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL)Australian Contingent – The War on Terrorism (Afghanistan)

Australia and UNESCO

• http://www.dfat.gov.au/intorgs/unesco/#apd

Constitution of UNESCO signed on 16 November 1945ratified by twenty countries Australia Brazil Canada China

Czechoslovakia Denmark Dominican Republic Egypt France Greece India Lebanon Mexico New Zealand Norway Saudi Arabia South Africa Turkey United Kingdom UnitedEducation Natural Sciences Social and Human Sciences Culture Communication & Information

Australia and the International Labour Organisation

• http://www.ilo.org/global/lang--en/index.htm• http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/ifpdial/

info/termination/countries/australia.htm

Source Study 2>Source 7.1 p 344 (Experience of a

Nation)> Analysis of Sources 7.3 – 7.7 pp 286 -

289(Australia in the 20th Century) 1 - 3Sources 9.1.1 & 9.1.2 p.230

(Retroactive 2)

Australia & the UN 2009Source: The New Australian Foreign

Policy http://international-politics.suite101.com/article.sfm/

the_new_australian_foreign_policy

Source : Rudd targets UN Council seat

http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/rudd-targets-un-council-seat/2008/03/30/1206850709759.html

Source: Is there room for Rudd at the table? (The Australian 26/3/09)

Source: Australia joins UN racism conference boycott

ACTIVITIES• Ch 7: Experience of a Nation p.348 1 –

6• Ch 9: History Zone 2 p.267 1 – 4• Ch 7: Australia in the 20th Century

p.285 2 - 7