Peloponnesian War Peloponnesian War # 30# 30 431 – 404 BCE431 – 404 BCE

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WARM UP: What was WARM UP: What was the result of the Persian the result of the Persian War and how did it War and how did it affect Athens?affect Athens?

Peloponnesian Peloponnesian WarWar 431 – 404 BCE431 – 404 BCE

Sparta gets jealous of Sparta gets jealous of AthensAthens

Sparta and Athens fight Sparta and Athens fight overover

control of Greececontrol of Greece

Causes of the Peloponnesian War

Overconfident

Both sides believed they held advantages (Athens at sea, Sparta on land) over the other and would win, so they moved towards war.

Power Power strugglestruggleAthens treated Delian League city Athens treated Delian League city states as if they were their empire, states as if they were their empire, used League funds for projects in used League funds for projects in the city of Athens (statues, etc.) the city of Athens (statues, etc.)

Sparta feared Athens was Sparta feared Athens was getting too powerful.getting too powerful.

EconomicsEconomics

Athens stopped Athens stopped CorinthCorinth (Sparta’s ally) from (Sparta’s ally) from taking over another city-taking over another city-state. laid siege to a state. laid siege to a colony of colony of CorinthCorinth. .

Athens slapped Megara Athens slapped Megara with with tradetrade sanctions sanctions (they could (they could notnot trade trade with any allies of with any allies of AthensAthens – a death blow to their – a death blow to their economy.economy.

Corinth and Megara Corinth and Megara convincedconvinced Sparta to go Sparta to go to to warwar with Athens. with Athens.

Peloponnesian Peloponnesian WarWarResults (404

BCE)Though Sparta had won, no one could Though Sparta had won, no one could claim victoryclaim victory. . The war had resulted in the deaths of The war had resulted in the deaths of many of their citizens. many of their citizens. Orchards, vineyards, and fields had been Orchards, vineyards, and fields had been destroyed. destroyed. The treasuries of the city-states had been The treasuries of the city-states had been destroyed, and destroyed, and faith in democracy had been reduced. faith in democracy had been reduced. As a result of the Peloponnesian War, As a result of the Peloponnesian War, Greece became weaker, and poorer. Greece became weaker, and poorer.

338 BCE - 338 BCE - Led by Philip II the Macedonians Led by Philip II the Macedonians in conquered Greece in conquered Greece

Motives for warMotives for war

•How could the goal of How could the goal of strengthening democracy strengthening democracy have helped lead Athens have helped lead Athens into war?into war?– Civic pride may have Civic pride may have

convinced citizens of convinced citizens of Athenian invincibility. Athenian invincibility.

Motives for warMotives for war

•How could war be used to How could war be used to strengthen Athens’ trade strengthen Athens’ trade empire?empire?– The Athenian navy could The Athenian navy could

conquer other ports and conquer other ports and prevent Athens’ enemies from prevent Athens’ enemies from trading with other cities. trading with other cities.

Motives for warMotives for war

•How might war increase How might war increase Athens’ prestige?Athens’ prestige?–By making Athens the By making Athens the region’s dominant region’s dominant military, economic, and military, economic, and cultural power.cultural power.