ANCIENT NEAR EASTERN STUDIES

SUPPLEMENT 42

ACROSS THE BORDER:LATE BRONZE-IRON AGE RELATIONS

BETWEEN SYRIA AND ANATOLIAProceedings of a Symposium held

at the Research Center of Anatolian Studies,Ko University, Istanbul

May 31June 1, 2010

Edited by

K. Aslhan YENER

PEETERSLEUVEN PARIS WALPOLE, MA.

2013

CONTENTS

Introduction: Imperial Demise and Forging Emergent Kingdoms . . . . . . 1K. A. YENER

SECTION A:EXCAVATIONS IN LEVANTINE TURKEY

AND LEVANTINE SYRIA

Chapter 1New Excavations at Alalakh: The 14th12th Centuries BC . . . . . . . . . 11

K. A. YENER

Chapter 2The Late Bronze Age Fortresses at Alalakh: Architecture and Identity in Mediterranean Exchange Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

M. AKAR

Chapter 3Tayinat in the Early Iron Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

T. P. HARRISON

Chapter 4Chatal Hyk in the Amuq: Material Culture and Architecture during the Passage from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age . . . . . . . . . . . 89

M. PUCCI

Chapter 5The Crisis of Qatna at the Beginning of the Late Bronze Age II and the Iron Age II Settlement Revival. A Regional Trajectory towards the Collapse of the Late Bronze Age Palace System in the Northern Levant . . . . . . . . . . . 113

D. MORANDI BONACOSSI

Chapter 6Shedding New Light on the Elusive Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages at Tell Acharneh (Syria) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

M. FORTIN and L. COOPER

vi CONTENTS

Chapter 7Sabuniye: A Late Bronze-Iron Age Port Settlement on the NortheasternMediterranean Coast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173

H. PAMIR

Chapter 8A Re-evaluation of the Late Bronze to Early Iron Age Transitional Period:Stratigraphic Sequence and Plain Ware of Tarsus-Gzlkule . . . . . . . . 195

S. YALIN

Chapter 9Exploring Sirkeli Hyk in the Late Bronze Age and its Interregional Con-nections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

E. KOZAL

Chapter 10The Transition from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age at Tell Afis, Syria (phases VII-III) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

F. VENTURI

SECTION B:EXCAVATIONS IN EASTERN TURKEY

AND EASTERN SYRIA

Chapter 11Across Assyrias Northern Frontier: Tell Fekheriye at the End of the LateBronze Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

P. V. BARTL and D. BONATZ

Chapter 12Between the Musku and the Aramaeans: The Early History of Guzana/Tell Halaf 293

M. NOVK

Chapter 13Some Implications of Revised C14 and Dendrochronological Dating for the Late Bronze Levels at Tille Hyk on the Euphrates . . . . . . . . . . . . 311

G. D. SUMMERS

Chapter 14The Late Bronze Age to Early Iron Age Transition: A Perspective from theUpper Tigris River . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329

T. MATNEY

CONTENTS vii

Chapter 15Neo-Hittite Melid: Continuity or Discontinuity? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

M. FRANGIPANE and M. LIVERANI

Chapter 16Pottery as an Indicator of Changing Interregional Relations in the Upper Euphrates Valley. The Case of the Late Bronze-Iron Age Assemblages fromArslantepe/Malatya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373

F. MANUELLI

Chapter 17New Excavations at the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age Site of Gre Amer onthe Garzan River, Batman Province . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393

G. PULHAN and S. R. BLAYLOCK

SECTION C:FUNERARY PRACTICES, TEXTS AND THE ARTS

Chapter 18Funerary Practices and Society at the Late Bronze-Iron Age Transition. A View from Tell Shiukh Fawqni and Tell an-Nasriyah (Syria) . . . . . . . 423

A. TENU

Chapter 19Working Ivory in Syria and Anatolia during the Late Bronze-Iron Age . . . 449

A. CAUBET

Chapter 20Arts and Cross-Cultural Communication in the Early 1st Millennium: The Syro-Anatolian Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465

S. MAZZONI

Chapter 21The Luwian Inscriptions from the Temple of the Storm-God of Aleppo . . 493

J. D. HAWKINS

Chapter 22Qadesh, Sea-Peoples, and Anatolian-Levantine Interactions . . . . . . . . . . 501

K. STROBEL

Chapter 23An Amulet with the Names of Ramesses II from the Roman Baths at Ankara 539

H. PEKER

CHAPTER 23

AN AMULET WITH THE NAMES OF RAMESSES IIFROM THE ROMAN BATHS AT ANKARA

Hasan PEKER

In Memory of Professor Ali Dinol

During the 2009 season of the archaeological excavations in the Roman Baths at Ankara, a plaque (measuring 24 18 6.3 mm) made of white faience was unearthed1 in the earliest layer together with Phrygian pottery. Two names of the pharaoh of the 19th dynasty, Ramesses II (12791213 BC) were inscribed on the object, which func-tioned as an amulet. The amulet was perforated through the perpendicular axis, and a groove for the string to hang it encircled the whole object (Fig. 3).

On the side which we designated as side A (Fig. 1 and Fig. 4), the birth name (nomen, Son of Ra) of Ramesses II was placed twice in the double cartouche. The double cartouche was decorated by double ostrich plumes with a sun disc in between. The nomen of the pharaoh is written with Egyptian hieroglyphs as mr(y) Imn R-ms-sw, which means Born of Ra (Ramesses), Beloved of Amun.

On side B (Fig. 2 and Fig. 5) the throne name (praenomen) is repeated twice as wsr-mt-R stp n R, which means The Justice of Ra is Powerful, Chosen of Ra. The double cartouche and the decoration is identical with side A.

On the Ankara example, the birth name of the Ramesses II is written twice side by side on one side, and the throne name is also repeated on the other side. On the other hand, similar objects found elsewhere, bear the birth and the throne name side by side on one face2 (Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8). Futhermore, on the examples in Petrie3 (Fig. 9 and Fig. 10) and Ashmolean Museums4 there is no sun disc between the ostrich plumes and their rear rectangular sides contain an inscription mentioning daughter of the ruler of Kheta and her name Maaherneferura in a cartouche (Fig. 10).

1 I would like to thank to the Dr. Melih Arslan, Director of the Ankara Museum of Anatolian Civilisations who published the first report of my readings in Arslan et al. 2011.

2 Petrie 1917, XL 45 and Petrie 1917, XLII 117 (the same inscription on the gemma); Petrie 1889, 1580; Hall 1913, 2096.

3 Petrie Museum, UC61395; Petrie Museum, UC61296 (Petrie Museum Online Catalogue: http://petriecat.museums.ucl.ac.uk/, accessed 13 April 2012).

4 Ashmolean Museum, Ashm. AN 1925.638.

540 H. PEKER

The names of Ramesses II, who is one of the most powerful pharaohs of the 19th dynasty, and the magical symbols around them should be considered as a strengthening effect of the protective power of the amulet. This find in central Anatolia centuries after the death of Ramesses II is proof of the strength of the lasting tradition of his fame. The amulets of this shape, cartouches with double ostrich plumes bearing royal names, are found in non-royal burials of the 26th Dynasty and later5, and with this find and similar examples,6 we may date the production of them to the 25th Dynasty and later, in the beginning of the Late Egyptian Period. In addi-tion to that, the find of this amulet in an archaeological context, although bearing the names of Ramesses II, could also support the dating of the other similar objects.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

ANDREWS, C.,1994 Amulets of Ancient Egypt. London: British Museum Press.

ARSLAN, M., AKALIN, M., TALAAKAR, A.2011 Roma Hamam 2009 Yl Kaz almalar, 19. Mze almalar ve Kurtarma

Kazlar Sempozyumu: 341-362.BUDGE, E. A. W.,

1925 The Mummy: A Handbook of Egyptian Funerary Archaeology, 2nd ed. Cam-bridge: Cambridge University Press

HALL, H. R. H.1913 Catalogue of Egyptian Scarabs etc. in the British Museum. Volume 1: Royal Scarabs.

London: British Museum.PETRIE, W. M. F.,

1889 Historical Scarabs: A Series of Drawings from the Principal Collections Arranged Chronologically. London: D. Nutt Publisher.

1917 Scarabs and Cylinders with Names. London: British School of Archaeology in Egypt.

5 Andrews 1994, pp. 77 and 80. 6 Budge 1925, p. 451: BM EA 55564.

AN AMULET WITH THE NAMES OF RAMESSES II 541

Fig. 1 Photograph of the side A.

Fig. 2 Photograph of the side B.

Fig. 3 Left, right, top and bottom edges.

Fig. 4 Drawing of the side A. Fig. 5 Drawing of the side B.

542 H. PEKER

Fig. 6 Petrie 1917,XL, 45.

Fig. 7 Petrie 1917, XLII, 117.

Fig. 8 British Museum (Hall 1913: 2096).

Fig. 9 Petrie Museum, UC61395.

Fig. 10 Petrie Museum, UC61296.

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