pediatric nursing caring for children and their families module 1
TRANSCRIPT
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PEDIATRIC NURSINGPEDIATRIC NURSINGCaring For Children Caring For Children and Their Familiesand Their Families
PEDIATRIC NURSINGPEDIATRIC NURSINGCaring For Children Caring For Children and Their Familiesand Their Families
MODULE 1MODULE 1
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What is Pediatric Nursing?
• Caring for children and families• Promoting health and wellness
through– Clinical practice– Education– Research– Advocacy
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Special Competencies• Medication dosage calculation• Pediatric-specific skills• Neonatal, infant and child resuscitation• Play therapy• Family-centered care• Developmentally appropriate care and
communication
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Peds Nursing Issues• Safety of culture and environment• Access to healthcare• Divorce, abuse, drug use-
exposure in home• Lack of prenatal care and
appropriate screenings• Violence and bullying in school
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• Injury and accidents• Nutrition and obesity rates; eating
disorders• Peer pressure, drug and alcohol use• Sexual activity and rates of STD and
teen pregnancy• Mental health• Child abuse and neglect
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Care Settings• Acute care- hospital setting• Critical care hospital unit• Specialty clinics for children with
special needs• Public health department• School • Home health and hospice care• Primary care facilities
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Definition or Family• Family is who they say they are• Biological • Legal• Emotional• Two or more persons• Nuclear, alternative, adoptive,
foster, and group
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Growth and Development
• Growth vs Development• Freud• Erickson• Paiget
• Kohlberg- moral (won’t focus on)
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Communication• Techniques• Verbal• Nonverbal• Purpose??
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• Infant• Toddlers• Preschoolers• School age• Adolescent
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Emotional Factors• Separation anxiety• Stranger anxiety• Tantrums• Depression• Self image• Insecurity
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Safety/Accident Prevention
• Environmental• Equipment• Medication• Anticipatory guidance• Risk factors
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Pain Management• Nonpharmacologic• Pharmacologic
– Non-opioid– Opioid
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Anatomic Differences• Respiratory
– Small, short, narrow airways– Obligatory nosebreathers
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• Skin– Larger body surface area– Increase fluid loss– Problems with temp regulation
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• Cardiac– Increased heart rate– Congenital anomalies– Decreased blood pressure– Increased oxygen demand– Increased metabolic demand
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• Renal– Kidneys less able to concentrate urine– Increased specific gravity– Small changes=big consequences– Differing lab values by age group– Small bladder capacity– Prevent UTI– 1-2mL/kg/hr
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• GI– Feces changes based on diet and age– Dietary inclusions– Allergies– Congenital disorders
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• Neuro– Primitive reflexes– Replaced slowly with gross and fine
motor movement
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• Hematology– Rapid heart rate and higher
hematocrit increase oxygen delivery– Lab results vary by age group
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• Immune– Need acquired immunity in infancy– Immunizations– Immature immune system
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• Musculoskeletal– Spurts and lulls– Mastery of motor skills is influenced
by environment and stimulation– Highly individualized
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• Endocrine– Inability to regulate blood glucose
levels for first few years