pec (phil elec. code) (by jvm) - part-1

BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

Philippine Electrical Code(Part-1)

Jaime V. Mendoza, PEE, MTMJaime V. Mendoza, PEE, MTM MemberMember

Board of Electrical EngineeringBoard of Electrical Engineering

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Philippine Electrical Code

PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSIONIIEE – ERCSA

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Abstract

Electrical Grounding is the most neglected subject by electricians, electrical inspectors, maintenance construction engineers, design engineers and many other members of the electrical industry in making electrical installations in the field, maintenance of factories, building or substations. Electrical Grounding is no big secret!!! It obeys the laws of electricity, and when examined piece-by piece, all elements fit together very nicely to form an effective grounding system.

When grounding is improperly installed, the results can range from minor physical harm, costly damage to electrical facilities, or even to death to an individual. This unwanted harm and damages are caused by electric shock and electrical faults. Once recent problem connected with faulty grounding installations is the effect they have on microelectronic equipment such as computers, audio recording studio, etc.. Faulty electrical grounding results in what we called “dirty electricity”. The use of high-technology is not decreasing rather, it will continue to increase. Stable, clean electrical power is now requirement, anything less unsatisfactory.

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R. A. 7920

An Act For, A More Responsive and Comprehensive Regulation For the Practice, Licensing, and Registration of Electrical Engineers and Electricians.

Sec. 4 Powers and Duties of the Board The Board shall exercise executive

/administrative or quasi-legislative (rule-making) or quasi-judicial (investigative) powers in carrying out the provisions of this Act.

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Powers of the Board

Sec. 29. Revocation of Certificates of Registration and Suspension from the Practice of the Profession. The Board shall have the power, upon

proper notice and hearing, to revoke any certificate of registration of any registrant, to suspend him from the practice of the profession or to reprimand him for any specified in the preceding section, or for the use of perpetration of any fraud or deceit in obtaining a certificate of registration, or for gross negligence or incompetence or for unprofessional or dishonorable conduct, for violation of this Act, the rules and regulations and other policies of the Board and the Code of Professional Ethics.

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Licensing Definition – a permission granted by competent

authority to engage in a practice of profession or business or in an activity.

A PEE who designed, signed, and sealed an electrical plans – means he/she guaranteed the safety of the electrical plans for 15 years in accordance to Civil Code.

PEE, REE or RME who signed as in-charge of installations also guaranteed the safety of the electrical installations for 15 years.

You can only guaranteed the safety of your electrical designs/installations if you are well-versed in the Philippine Electrical Code.

“Licensing guarantees the safety

of your works!!!!”

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PURPOSE OF PEC

The primary objective of the code is to establish basic materials quality and electrical works standards for the safe use of electricity for light, heat, power, communications, signaling and for other purposes.

“Practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity”

THE PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODEKEY TO SAFETY AND FIRE PREVENTION

COMPLIANCE TO THE PEC WILL ENSURE SAFETY AND PREVENT ELECTRICAL FIRES

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Components that Create a Fire or Explosion

In the Installation Rules , one element of the Triangle of Fire is removed to make the installation safe.

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The National Electrical Code The first documented case of a Code as a requirement of

rules was published on 16th Nov. 1881 entitled “The Dangers of Electric Lighting”.

The first NEC was developed in 1897, eighteen after the invention of incandescent light bulb by Thomas A. Edison.

Since 1911, the NFPA of Quincy, Massachussets, has been responsible for the maintenance and publication of the NEC.

Regularly revised (every three years) to reflect the evolution of products, materials, and installation techniques.

21 Separate Committee, each consisting of 15-20 persons. Members of each committee meet several times, discuss proposed changes, accepting some and rejecting others, and rewrite (as required) the sections of the Code that were assigned to their committee.

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Consideration should be given for future expansion of electrical systems but this is not a Code requirement.

The PEC is a safety standard, NOT a design guide. Electrical designs must comply with the requirements of PEC to ensure safety.

THE PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE

Energy management, maintenance, and power quality issues aren’t within the scope of the PEC.

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CLASSIFICATION OF CODE RULES1. Wiring Design Rules

2. Installation Rules

3. Manufacturing Rules


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Wiring design rules used to determine sizes and rating of circuit conductors and devices.

Example:1. Branch circuit conductors supplying a single motor

shall have an ampacity not less than 125% of the full-load current. Section 4.30.2.2

2. The disconnecting means for motor circuits shall have an ampere rating of at least 115% of the full-load current rating of the motor. Section 4.30.10.10(a)


CLASSIFICATION OF CODE RULES

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Installation rules

Example:1. A disconnecting means shall be located within

sight from the motor controller. Section 4.30.102

2. In class II Division I Locations, motors, generators, and other rotating electric machinery shall be dust ignition proof or totally enclosed pipe ventilated and shall be approved for class II locations. Sections 5.02.8



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Manufacturing rules

Example:

Section 4.30.1.7

A motor shall be marked with the following information:

1) Manufacturer’s Name

2) Rated Volts and Full-load Amperes

3) Rated Frequency and Number of Phases, if

an alternating current motor, etc.

4) Rated full-load speed



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Various Categories of the Code Rules which apply in a Motor and the Circuits

The Philippine Electrical Code

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Accessible, Readily

Accessible, Readily

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Accessible, Readily

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Overcurrent

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Service Conductors

Service Conductors – The conductors from the service point to the service disconnecting means.

Service Drop – The overhead service conductors from the last pole or other aerial support to and including the splices, if any, connecting to the service-entrance conductors at the building or other structure.

Connection point

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Service Lateral

Underground systems showing service laterals

run from a pole and from a transformer.

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Service Point

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Boundary: PEC 1 and PEC 2

The PEC 1 does NOT applyto service drop or service lateral conductors underthe exclusive control of the electric utility.

Service Point

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Wiring Methods

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Wiring Methods

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Wiring Methods

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Unused Raceway and Cable Openings

Unused cable or raceway openings must be closed with a fitting that provides equivalent protection.

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Unused Openings

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Integrity of Electrical Equipment

Internal parts of electrical equipment must be covered to avoid damage from paint or other substances.

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Deteriorating Agents

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Short-Circuit Current Rating

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Conductor Termination

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Conductor Splicing

Conductors must be spliced by a listing splicing deviceand they are NOT required to be twisted together prior tothe installation of a twist-on wire connector.

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Conductor Sizing

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Receptacles

General Receptacle Placement -210.52(A)

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Maximum Distance to a Receptacle210.52(A)(1)

Receptacles

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Wall Spaces 600 mm (2 ft) in Width-210.52(A)(2)(1)

Receptacles

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Space Measured Around Corners

Receptacles

210.52(A)(1) & 210.52(A)(2)(1)

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Fixed Panels210.52(A)(2)(2) & 210.52(A)(1)

Receptacles

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Receptacle placement in a kitchen

Receptacles

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Electric Shock

Human in parallel with equipmentgrounding conductor during groundfault

Human completing the path for current the earth

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Electric Shock

Electric Shock Severity

1. Path of Current through Body

2. Length of Time Current Flows

3. Amount of Current through Body

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Effects of AC Electric Shock

Level (in milliamperes) of current through the body

ELCB!!!

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Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter

GFCI – A device intended for the protection of personnel that functions to deenergize a circuit or portion thereof within an established period of time when a current to ground exceeds the values established for a device.

The GCFI does not protect someone against receiving a electrical shock, but it does limit the time hazards exists. Hazard exist only during period of time fault is there.

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240 - V

240 V – Line Source

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A GFCI is designed to protect persons against electric shock.It operates on the principles of monitoring the unbalanced currentBetween the ungrounded and the grounded neutral conductor.

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GCFI CAN ELIMINATE THIS!


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GFCI Protection for Personnel1. Dwelling Bathroom Receptacle

and /or 250 V

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GFCI Protection for Personnel2. Dwelling Garage Receptacle

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GFCI Protection for Personnel2. Dwelling Garage Receptacle

All 15 and 20 A, 125/250 V receptacles in accessory

buildings and similar work areas must be GFCI protected.

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GFCI Protection for Personnel3. Dwelling Outdoor Receptacle

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GFCI Protection for Personnel4. Dwelling Basement Receptacle

pec (phil elec. code) (by jvm) - part-1

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