peace corps classroom management idea book

8/2/2019 Peace Corps Classroom Management Idea Book

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Z k i n k n d x Z ~

Nci~~xddgGiìokgk`}

Emki Hddl

Eàdxgi}ed` Ndcckn}ed` i`m Kvnfiòk

Z{hceni}ed` @d. G::66


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ee Zkink Ndxz~

Eàdxgi}ed`Ndcckn}edì`mKvnfiòk

]f Z nz E`g}e` ncc}e` ` kvfò &Enk%#

{è} }f d dq Zoggeò ` ]eèò ~{zz}&dZi]~%# g qechc }f }}oe ` }f`coe qczhu Z nz Qc{`}# }fe 'w# ` }fe {`}z}} qczg`} oèr}e` ` w wf geof} ` }fg{{c. Enk w we}f Z nz }fèc ` }eèò zece}} e`}eu ` qcz e`g}e` cc e` } {zz}Qc{`} ` q }a. Enk c cc} ` ege`}}eèò o{e# {e{c# c` zc`# zb} z}# g`{c#

` }f Z nz'o`} g}ec qcz e` }f c.~g g}ec ze`} e< }f zqe { c'h e`g}e` }f z{}e` g`{c f e`z}e{c zog . G}ec }f} u{ {hge} } Enk hgz} }f Z nz co `}eh{}e` } qczg`}.

]fe z{hce}e` w z{ hu Z nz dZi]~. E} ee}eh{} }f{of }f Enk {è}. A {}f e`g}e` h{} Enkg}ec &zeec# h# qe# }.% ` e`g}e` qe# e}e`c ze }fe g`{c# zc `}} Enk ` }}f Enk }co `{gh }f} zz ` }f z{hce}e`.

Zkink Ndxz~

d dq Zoggeò ` ]eèò ~{zz}Eàdxgi}ed` Ndcckn}ed` i`m Kvnfiòk

9999 8:}f ~}}# @_# ~ev}f Ac_feò}`# mn 8:;81

]c2 8:8.158.81=: s Av2 8:8.158.81=9

iheo mwu megc nce}e` &mmn% @{gh2 >?9.9:8

^fixk ud{x kvzkxek`nk)

i u{ vze` } }f Enk x{ n`}. ~` u{g}ec } { w ` f }fg we}f }f qczg`}

w. U{ }fèc eèof} q }f he }fo`}e` Enk g}ec# ze`}# ` }eèò g}ec. ]fuc `{ }f} Enk e zqeeò }f g} {z'}'} e``q}eqzhcg'cqeò }fèy{ ` e`g}e` qechc } u{ ù{ ccw qczg`} w.


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Nci~~xg

Giiog}

Zin Nxz~Mknkghkx 8::6

E`adxgi}ed` Ndcckn}ed` i`m Kvnfi`ok

Z{hceni}ed` @d. G::66

Xkzxe`}km I{o{~} 8:9:


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Nci~~xddg Giìokgk`} s Em Hl

ee Zkink Ndxz~

]f Emi Hl ^xe~

]fe~ Emki Hddl~ e~ d`k da i ~kxek~ da hddlck}~ zxdm{nkm }d ~fixk ~zknen

in}eqe}ek~ ud{ giu hk e`}kxk~}km e` xkzceni}eò. Ud{ ixk k`nd{xiokm }d

~{hge} ud{x ~{nnk~~a{c in}eqe}ek~ }d }fe~ ~kxek~. D}fkx }e}ck~ e` }fk ~kxek~

ixk ce~}km hkcdw# i`m `kw d`k~ ixk hkeò zxdm{nkm nd`}e`d{~cu. Icc

da }fk~k emki~ ndgk axdg }fk wdxl da Qdc{`}kkx~. Gd~} da }fkg wkxk

~{hge}}km b{~} i~ }fku ixk zxe`}km}fkxk e~ d imme}edìc eàdxgi}ed`.

D}fkx~ wkxk zix}~ da cixokx xkzdx}~. ]d dh}ie` ndzek~ da }fk Emki Hddl~#

nd`}in} Eàdxgi}ed` Ndcckn}ed` i`m Kvnfiòk &ENK%.

]e}ck~ e` }fk Emki Hddl ^kxek~2

Hkud`m }fk Nci~~xddg2 Kgzdwkxeò Oexc~ &ENK @d. G::6:%

Nci~~xddg Giìokgk`} &ENK @d. G::66%

MZG2 E`}koxi}eò Me~i~}kx Zxkzixkm`k~~ i`m Ge}eoi}ed` e`

Ud{x _dxl &ENK @d. G::6=%

FEQ$IEM^2 E`}koxi}eò Zxkqk`}ed` i`m Nixk

E`}d Ud{x ^kn}dx &ENK @d. G::69%

E` }fk Nci~~xddg2 Kgzdwkxeò Oexc~ &ENK @d. G::6>%

Eàdxgi}ed` i`m Ndgg{ eni}ed` ]knf`dcdoek~ &EN]%2 E`}koxi}eò

Meoe}ic ]ddc~ E`}d Ud{x Zxdbkn}~ &ENK @d. G::6;%

ZINI2 [~eò Zix}enezi}dxu Iìcu~e~ adx

Ndgg{è}u In}ed` &ENK @d. G::61%

^gicc Zxdbkn} I~~e~}i`nk Zxdoxig2 {zzdx}eò ^{~}ieìhck

Ndgg{è}u Mkqkcdzgk`} &ENK @d. G::68%


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Zkink Ndxz~ eee

N d ` ] k ` ] ^

E}xm{n}e .......................................................................... 9

Nfiz}x 92 Giioeo Nci~~xg~ } Giveger ^}{m}

Cixeo2 I dqxqew .......................................................... >

_fi} Md Ud{ ]fe`l4.......................................................................... >

Lku Emki~ e` ]fe~ Nfiz}kx ................................................................ =

Zd~e}eqk Kvzkn}i}ed`~ da }{mk`} ^{nnk~~ ................................... =Nci~~xddg Giìokgk`} lecc~ ....................................................... 1

_fi} mdk~ i wkcc'giìokm nci~~xddg cddl celk4 ..................... ?

Fdw }d ~{zzdx} ~}{mk`} ckixèò................................................... ?

E`~}x{n}ed` ^lecc~ ............................................................................... 5

Kkn}eqk }kinfkx~ ................................................................................. 5

Ck~~d` zci`èò ..................................................................................98

Kvigzck~ i`m ]ddc~ ........................................................................9=îgzck Oxizfen Dxoièrkx~ ..........................................................9=

Nfiz}x 82 ]infeo e i Nx~~'N{c}{xic N}v} ................ 9?

_fi} Md Ud{ ]fe`l4........................................................................9?

Lku Emki~ e` ]fe~ Nfiz}kx ..............................................................96

Kvige`k Ud{x Dw` N{c}{xk ...........................................................95

_fi} e~ ud{x n{c}{xic e`}kcceok`nk4 ...............................................95N{c}{xic qic{k~ .....................................................................................8:

N{c}{xic dxg~ .....................................................................................8>

Kvige`k i @kw N{c}{xk .................................................................8=

^nfddc n{c}{xk i~ i` enkhkxo ..........................................................8=

êv in}eqe}ek~ }d oie` e`~eof} e`}d }fk fd~} ~nfddc n{c}{xk ....81

E`}xdm{neò Nfiòk .......................................................................>9

Nfiòk i`m n{c}{xic egzceni}ed`~ ................................................>>Zci`èò }d dqkxndgk xk~e~}i`nk .................................................>1

Kvigzck~ i`m ]ddc~ ........................................................................>5

îgzck Dqkxndgeò Xk~e~}i`nk }d Nfiòk Nfix} .................>5

îgzck Adxnk Aekcm Iìcu~e~ Nfix} ...............................................=:


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eq Zkink Ndxz~

Nfiz}x >2 ^}xi}oe~ ax Nci~~xg Giiog} ............. =9

_fi} Md Ud{ ]fe`l4 ........................................................................=9

Lku Emki~ e` ]fe~ Nfiz}kx ..............................................................=8Keof} ^}xi}koek~ adx Nci~~xddg Giìokgk`} ...........................=8

^}xi}kou 92 Nxki}k i` kkn}eqk ckixèò k`qexd`gk`} ..........=8

^}xi}kou 82 K~}ihce~f nci~~xddg zxdnkm{xk~ .............................=?

^}xi}kou >2 Nxki}k i gd}eqi}edìc k`qexd`gk`} .....................=5

^}xi}kou =2 Gilk kqkxu ge`{}k nd{`} .........................................;8

^}xi}kou ;2 Lkkz kqkxud`k kòiokm ...........................................;>

^}xi}kou 12 ]kinf ceak ~lecc~ i`m oddm ckixèò fihe}~ ...........;1^}xi}kou ?2 Hk nxki}eqk ......................................................................1:

^}xi}kou 62 [~k zxdbkn} mk~eo` i`m giìokgk`}

}knfèy{k~ ...........................................................................................19

Kvigzck~ i`m ]ddc~ ........................................................................18

îgzck Nci~~xddg Zxdnkm{xk~ Zci`èò O{emk ......................18

îgzck Nci~~xddg Giìokgk`} Zci`èò O{emk .................1>

îgzck Nci~~xddg Xkzdx} Nixm ....................................................11

Nfiz}x =2 Giioeo Me~x{z}eq Hfiqex ......................... 1?

_fi} Md Ud{ ]fe`l4 ........................................................................1?

Lku Emki~ e` ]fe~ Nfiz}kx ..............................................................16

]kinfeò Kvzkn}km Hkfiqedx~ .....................................................16

_fu Md ^}{mk`}~ Ge~hkfiqk4 ......................................................?9

^}{mk`} hkfiqedx da}k` xkkn}~ n{c}{xic `dxg~ ......................?8Egzckgk`}eò Me~nezce`k ..............................................................?;

Nd`~ky{k`nk~ i`m$dx Z{è~fgk`} ............................................?1

Me~nezce`k emki~ ..................................................................................?6

Nd`~emkxi}ed`~ adx mekxk`} }uzk~ da z{è~fgk`}~ ...............69

Ndxzdxic Z{è~fgk`} .....................................................................6=

_fi} ni` Qdc{`}kkx~ md }d xkm{nk ndxzdxic z{è~fgk`}

e`nemk`}~4 ............................................................................................6;Kvigzck~ i`m ]ddc~ ........................................................................59

îgzck Nd`~ky{k`nk~ _dxl~fkk} ..............................................59


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Zkink Ndxz~ q

Nfiz}x ;2 I~~~~g}# Oximeo# im Nfi}eo .................. 5>

_fi} Md Ud{ ]fe`l4........................................................................5>

Lku Emki~ e` ]fe~ Nfiz}kx ..............................................................5=Me~ndqkx Ud{x ^nfddc~ I~~k~~gk`} N{c}{xk ..............................5;

Adxgi}eqk I~~k~~gk`} ...................................................................51

I~~k~~gk`} }ddc~ i`m ~}xi}koek~...................................................5?

[~eò akkmhinl axdg dòdeò i~~k~~gk`}............................ 9:9

Oximeò ...........................................................................................9:8

^}{mk`}'axek`mcu oximeò zxin}enk~ ........................................... 9:=

]egk'~iqeò oximeò }ez~ .............................................................. 9:1Nfki}eò .........................................................................................9:1

Emki~ }d zxkqk`} nfki}eò ............................................................ 99:

Nd`~ky{k`nk~ adx nfki}eò ......................................................... 99>

Kvigzck~ i`m ]ddc~ ......................................................................99;

îgzck X{hxen~ ................................................................................. 99;

Nfiz}x 12 Nfnleo U{x Zxox~~ ................................... 995

Izzmen~ ........................................................................ 98>

N{c}{xk i`m }fk Emkic ]kinfkx$Nci~~xddg ...............................98>

Md } Fe} i`m Md } ^fd{} ...........................................................981

X~{xn~ .......................................................................... 985

Nd`}k`}~


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qe Zkink Ndxz~


9/140

Zkink Ndxz~ 9

E ` ] X d M N ] E d `

I~ i Zkink Ndxz~ Qdc{`}kkx }kinfkx# ud{ ixk e` i {èy{k ~e}{i}ed`.

@d} d`cu md ud{ fiqk }fk dzzdx}{è}u }d ckix` i`m dh~kxqk i `kw

n{c}{xk i`m e`}xdm{nk ud{x dw` n{c}{xk }d d}fkx~# ud{ wecc ic~d

nxki}k}dok}fkx we}f ud{x ~}{mk`}~i wfdck `kw nci~~xddg

n{c}{xk. ]fe~ e~ kvne}eò i`m e`~zexeò) _fk}fkx dx d} ud{ fiqk

zxkqed{~ }kinfeò kvzkxek`nk# }kinfeò e` i `kw n{c}{xk xky{exk~

}fd{of}a{c zci`èò i`m imb{~}gk`}. ]fe~ Emki Hddl wecc fkcz

ud{ izzxdinf ud{x `kw nci~~xddg e` i n{c}{xiccu ~k`~e}eqk i`mizzxdzxei}k gi``kx.

]fe~ hddl wi~ wxe}}k` e` xk~zd`~k }d akkmhinl axdg Qdc{`}kkx

}kinfkx~. ]fku xkzdx} }fi} giìoeò i nci~~xddg e` i `kw n{c}{xic

k`qexd`gk`} e~ i zxegixu nficckòk. Giù akkc }fi} }fk }egk ~zk`}

mkiceò we}f nci~~xddg giìokgk`} e~~{k~ mk}xin}~ axdg }fk

}egk ~zk`} in}{iccu }kinfeò nd`}k`}. ^k`~e}eqk i`m ndgzceni}km

y{k~}ed`~# ~{nf i~ fdw }d }kinf e` i ~nfddc }fi} nd`md`k~ ndxzdxic

z{è~fgk`}# ~{xainkm axky{k`}cu.

Qdc{`}kkx~ i`m ~}i gkghkx~ axdg ixd{`m }fk wdxcm wkxk

i~lkm }d ~{hge} emki~ i`m ~{ook~}ed`~. Fkxk ud{ wecc `m

zxin}enic ~}xi}koek~ adx mkiceò we}f }fk gd~} ndggd`cu xkzdx}km

nficckòk~. ^{ook~}ed`~ xiòk axdg fdw }d mkqkcdz {~ka{c

nci~~xddg xd{}e`k~ }d gdxk ndgzckv }dzen~# ~{nf i~ i~~k~~eò

~}{mk`}~ aiexcu i`m kkn}eqkcu.


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8 Zkink Ndxz~

E} wd{cm hk fkcza{c }d xkim }fe~ hddl hkadxk ud{ ~}ix} }kinfeò#

h{} e} wecc hk ky{iccu fkcza{c d`nk ud{ ixk }kinfeò. _fk` ud{

x{` e`}d ~e}{i}ed`~ }fi} ud{ mem `d} kvzkn}# }fe~ hddl wecc oeqk

ud{ ~dgk ~}xi}koek~ }d hkoe` }d {`mkx~}i`m }fkg. E} wecc fkcz ud{

}fe`l ihd{} }fk nci~~xddg# ud{x ~}{mk`}~# i`m ud{x ndcckio{k~

axdg `kw zkx~zkn}eqk~ ~d ud{ ni` imiz} }d i `kw }kinfeò

k`qexd`gk`}. ]fkxk ixk kvkxne~k~ }fi} i~l ud{ }d kvnfiòk

eàdxgi}ed` we}f ud{x fd~} ndcckio{k~. ]ilk }fk dzzdx}{è}u }d

ckix` i~ g{nf i~ ud{ ni` axdg ud{x }kinfeò ndcckio{k~# ud{x

~}{mk`}~# i`m Zkink Ndxz~ ~}i.

Aeìccu# md `d} adxok} }d i~~k~~ ud{x dw` ckixèò) E` Nfiz}kx 1#ud{ wecc `m i zxdoxk~~ nfknlce~} ~d ud{ ni` nfix} ud{x oxdw}f i~

i nci~~xddg giìokx i~ }fk ukix {àdcm~. Ihdqk icc# k`bdu ud{x

}kinfeò &i`m ckixèò% kvzkxek`nk i`m ndgk hinl }d }fe~ hddl

da}k`. _e}f kinf xkqekw# ud{ wecc `m i`d}fkx emki }fi} ud{ ni`

xkim ihd{} }dmiu i`m egzckgk`} }dgdxxdw.


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Zkink Ndxz~ >

N I Z ] k X 9

Giìoeò Nci~~xddg~ }d Givegerk ^}{mk`}Ckixèò2 I` Dqkxqekw

_fi} Md Ud{ ]fe`l4

Xkakn} hinl d` icc }fk nci~~k~ i`m nci~~xddg~ e` wfenf

ud{ wkxk i ~}{mk`}# }kinfkx# dx dh~kxqkxe`nc{meò

}fd~k e` ud{x fd~} nd{`}xu. _e}f }fk~k }fd{of}~ e` ge`m#ndgzck}k }fk kvkxne~k hkcdw.

Egioe`k ud{x emkic nci~~xddg. Ud{ ixk e` ud{x fd~} nd{`}xu

nci~~xddg. Cddl ixd{`m.

_fi} mdk~ ud{x xddg cddl celk4

_fi} e~ e` e}4

_fi} ixk }fk ~}{mk`}~ mdeò4

_fi} ixk ud{ mdeò4

Ncd~k ud{x kuk~ i`m }xu }d egioe`k }fk ~nk`k. _xe}k ihd{} ~dgk da

ud{x egiok~ e` }fk ~zink hkcdw.


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= Zkink Ndxz~

Ud{ giu fiqk i qe~ed` da ud{x zkxakn} nci~~xddg# h{} wfi}

md }kinfkx~ in}{iccu md }d gilk e} i xkice}u4 ]fe~ e~ i ndggd`

y{k~}ed`< ok`kxi}ed`~ da }kinfkx~ fiqk cddlkm adx wiu~ }d k`~{xk

i` emkic ckixèò k`qexd`gk`}. E` }fe~ nfiz}kx# ud{ wecc `m }egk'

}k~}km emki~ oi}fkxkm axdg km{ni}ed` xk~kixnf# fd~} nd{`}xu

}kinfkx~# i`m Qdc{`}kkx }kinfkx~. Lkkz e` ge`m }fi} `d} kqkxu emki

wecc wdxl e` icc ~e}{i}ed`~2 }kinfkx~ `kkm }d hk kvehck i`m fiqk i

qixek}u da }ddc~ }d ~{e} }fk nd`}kv} e` wfenf }fku `m }fkg~kcqk~.

Da}k`# i ~}xi}kou }fi} wdxl~ we}f d`k oxd{z da ~}{mk`}~ e` }fk

gdxèò wecc `d} wdxl we}f i ~egecix h{} mekxk`} oxd{z da

~}{mk`}~ e` }fk ia}kx`dd`)

Lku Emki~ e` ]fe~ Nfiz}kx

]fxkk }kinfkx nfixin}kxe~}en~ ixk k~~k`}eic }d ~{zzdx}

~}{mk`} ckixèò.9 Kkn}eqk }kinfkx~

fiqk zd~e}eqk kvzkn}i}ed`~ dx ~}{mk`} ~{nnk~~W e~ i oxki} xk~d{xnk.%

[~k qe~{ic~ &oxizfen dxoièrkx~# giz~# wdxm wkh~# mxiweò~#

zen}{xk~%. ^}{mk`}~ giu {`mkx~}i`m qe~{ic~ hk}}kx }fi`

wdxm~# k~zkneiccu wfk` }fk }kinfkx i`m ~}{mk`} fiqk

mekxk`} x~} ciò{iok~. ^kk ~igzck oxizfen dxoièrkx~ i}

}fk k`m da }fk nfiz}kx.

[~k ~eck`} ~eoìc~ }d oeqk mexkn}ed`~# ~{nf i~ i òkx d` }fk cez~

}d gki` md`} ~zkil# dx i fi`m hkfe`m ud{x kix }d gki` ce~}k`. Kòiok ~}{mk`}~ zfu~eniccu i`m gk`}iccu e` ck~~d`~

&gièz{ci}eqk~# xdck'zciu~# mxigi# zi`}dgegk# oigk~# dx

ix}wdxl%.

I~~k~~ ckixèò }d mk}kxge`k ea ckixèò dhbkn}eqk~ wkxk

infekqkm. Ea `d}# imb{~} e`~}x{n}ed` }d kìhck ~}{mk`}~ }d ckix`

}fk nd`nkz}~ i`m$dx ~lecc~.

]kinf }d mekxk`} ckixèò gdmice}ek~i{me}dxu# qe~{ic#

le`k~}fk}en< xeof} hxie`km# cka} hxie`km< g{c}ezck e`}kcceok`nk~. Mem }fe~ }kinfkx hxeò `kw zkx~zkn}eqk~ }d }fk }dzen dx zxk~k`}

gi}kxeic {~eò }knfèy{k~ ud{ fim `d} k`nd{`}kxkm hkadxk4

=. _kxk ud{ icwiu~ ihck }d {`mkx~}i`m wfi} }fk }kinfkx ~iem4

;. Mem }fk kvigzck~ }fe~ }kinfkx {~k ~kkg xkckqi`} }d ud{x ceak4

1. _kxk }fe~ }kinfkx~ kvzkn}i}ed`~ da ~}{mk`} hkfiqedx i`m$

dx inimkgen ~}i`mixm~ ~egecix }d ud{x zxkqed{~ nci~~xddgkvzkxek`nk~4

?. Ni` ud{ xkgkghkx i` e`~}i`nk wfk` ud{ fim }xd{hck }icleò

}d dx kvzcieèò ~dgk}feò }d }fk }kinfkx4 Ea ~d# wfu md ud{

}fe`l e} wi~ men{c}4

6. Ea oeqk` }fk dzzdx}{è}u# wd{cm ud{ nfdd~k }d fiqk }fe~

}kinfkx$}xie`kx ioie`4 _fu dx wfu d}4

Xkkn}eò d` ud{x kvzkxek`nk da hkeò }i{of} hu ~dgkd`k axdg i

mekxk`} n{c}{xk geof} zxdqemk e`~eof} e`}d fdw ud{x hkfiqedx geof}

hk zkxnkeqkm hu ud{x ~}{mk`}~. Fiqeò i adxkeo` }kinfkx ni` hk

k`xenfeò i`m ax{~}xi}eò. G{nf mkzk`m~ d` n{c}{xic {`mkx~}i`me o

i`m fdw }kinfeò e~ imiz}km }d inndggdmi}k n{c}{xic mekxk`nk~.


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96 Zkink Ndxz~

]fe~ nfiz}kx kvzcdxk~ }fk y{k~}ed` da wfu n{c}{xic iwixk`k~~ e~

egzdx}i`} wfk` zci`èò i`m nd`m{n}eò miu'}d'miu }kinfeò

i`m ckixèò in}eqe}ek~.


9. N{c}{xk gi}}kx~e} eà{k`nk~ miu'}d'miu

nci~~xddg in}eqe}ek~.

8. ]d {`mkx~}i`m d}fkx~# ud{ g{~} x~} {`mkx~}i`m ud{x~kc.

>. ]d {`mkx~}i`m }fk n{c}{xic k`qexd`gk`} d ud{x ~nfddc

i`m nci~~xddg xky{exk~ dòdeò kdx}.=. E`}xdm{nk kw emki~ dx nfiòk~ e` i n{c}{xiccu ~k`~e}eqk gi``kx.

_fi} ni` ud{ md }d k`~{xk ud{x ~}{mk`}~ fiqk i zd~e}eqk ckixèò

kvzkxek`nk we}f }fkex adxkeo` }kinfkx4 ^}ix} hu ~kkeò ud{x

n{c}{xic ~kca e` }fk ~nfddc ~k}}eò. ]fk` ckix` i~ g{nf i~ ud{ ni`

ihd{} }fk fd~} nd{`}xu~ qic{k~ i`m i~~{gz}ed`~ }fi} e`{k`nk

fdw ud{x ~nfddc e~ x{` i`m fdw }fk ~}{mk`}~ i`m }kinfkx~

hkfiqk. ]fe~ wecc hk i` dòdeò zxdnk~~ ud{x k`}exk Qdc{`}kkx

~kxqenk) Kqkxu }egk ~dgk}feò ni{~k~ ud{ }d ~iu# E mem`} kvzkn}

}fi}) dx _fi} mem fk dx ~fk gki` hu }fi}4 ud{ ixk }xueò }d

o{xk d{} i`d}fkx nxd~~'n{c}{xic kvzkxek`nk. Ea ud{ mk}kxge`k

}fi} e`}xdm{neò nfiòk wd{cm hk`k} ~}{mk`}~# }fe~ nfiz}kx

dkx~ ~dgk nd`~emkxi}ed`~ adx e`}xdm{neò `kw emki~ dx nfiòk.

sêgzck mkè}ed`~ da ndggd`cu {~km }kxg~ e` }fe~ hddl

N{c}{xk2 ]fk wiu wk md }feò~ ixd{`m fkxk.

Qic{k~2 Zxe`nezck~ i oxd{z hkcekqk~ ixk oddm dx xeof}.

@dxg~2 ]uzenic hkfiqedx~ da oxd{z gkghkx~.


27/140

Zkink Ndxz~ 95

kvige U{x dw N{c}{x

]fk k~~k`nk da nxd~~'n{c}{xic {`mkx~}i`meò e~ l`dweò fdwud{x dw` n{c}{xk e~ hd}f ~egecix }d i`m mekxk`} axdg }fk

cdnic dx }ixok} n{c}{xk. Adx }fe~ xki~d`# }fd~k wfd z{x~{k

nxd~~'n{c}{xic l`dwckmok g{~}# ~dd`kx dx ci}kx# }{x` }fkex

oirk d` }fkg~kcqk~.

N{c}{xk Gi}}kx~2 ]fk Zkink Ndxz~

Nxd~~'N{c}{xic _dxlhddl# Ziok >?

_fi} e~ ud{x n{c}{xic e`}kcceok`nk4N{c}{xic e`}kcceok`nk e~ }fk ~{g da }fk l`dwckmok# ~lecc~# i`m

i}}e}{mk~ }fi} kìhck i Qdc{`}kkx }kinfkx }d wdxl ~{nnk~~a{ccu

we}f ~}{mk`}~# akccdw }kinfkx~# imgeè~}xi}dx~# i`m zixk`}~ i} i

fd~} ~nfddc. Ud{ ixk `d} hdx` we}f n{c}{xic e`}kcceok`nk# `dx e~ e}

iny{exkm dqkxèof}.

Xkgkghkx }fk }fxkk i~zkn}~ da n{c}{xic e`}kcceok`nk we}f }fxkk

y{k~}ed`~2 _fi}4 _fu4 Fdw49

_fi}4 L`dwckmok ihd{} n{c}{xk~

_fu4 Iwixk`k~~ da ud{x~kca i`m d}fkx~

Fdw4 ^zknen ~lecc~

L`dwckmok

ihd{} N{c}{xk~&in}~ i`m

n{c}{xic }xie}~%

,Iwixk`k~~

&d ud{x~kc

i`m d}fkx~%,

^zknen

^lecc~

&hkfiqedx~%7 N{c}{xicE`}kcceok`nk

9 Zk}kx~d`# Hxddl~. N{c}{xic E`}kcceok`nk2 I O{emk }d _dxleò we}f Zkdzck xdg D}fkx

N{c}{xk~. Uixgd{}f# GK2 E`}kxn{c}{xic Zxk~~# E`n.# 8::=. Ziok 9>.

]kinfeò e` i Nxd~~'N{c}{xic Nd`}kv}


28/140


8: Zkink Ndxz~

Fdw md ud{ oie` n{c}{xic e`}kcceok`nk4

Aex~}2E`nxki~k ud{x iwixk`k~~ da ud{x dw` n{c}{xic qic{k~# hkceka~#

}xime}ed`~# i`m `dxg~ i`m fdw }fku ikn} ud{x hkfiqedx.

@kv}2Izzxknei}eqkcu dh~kxqk kqkxumiu ~nfddc ceak i`m i~l

`d`b{mogk`}ic y{k~}ed`~. Gilk }k`}i}eqk i~~{gz}ed`~ ihd{}

}fk n{c}{xk i`m nfknl ud{x i~~{gz}ed`~ }fxd{of imme}edìc

dh~kxqi}ed`~ i`m$dx me~n{~~ed`~ we}f e`meqem{ic~ aigeceix we}f }fk

n{c}{xk. Ckix` axdg ud{x ge~}ilk~. ^}{mu i`m zxin}enk }fk ciò{iok.

Aeìccu2Imiz} ~dgk hkfiqedx~ }fi} kìhck ud{ }d a{`n}ed` e` }fk

n{c}{xk# wfeck gie`}ieèò ud{x dw` qic{k~ i`m hkceka~.

Qdc{`}kkx~ wfd fiqk mkqkcdzkm n{c}{xic e`}kcceok`nk xkndoèrk

n{c}{xk~ fiqk kqdcqkm }d gkk} }fk `kkm~ da }fkex zkdzck. ]fkxk ixk

qicem# h{} zkxfiz~ `d} dhqed{~# xki~d`~ wfu i n{c}{xk e~ fdw e} e~.

Fiqeò i xkin}ed` }d dx y{k~}ed`~ ihd{} i`d}fkx n{c}{xk e~ ì}{xic#

h{} e} e~ egzdx}i`} }d xk~zkn} }fk fd~} nd{`}xu~ n{c}{xic hkceka~#

qic{k~# dx }xime}ed`~. E} e~ }fkex n{c}{xk i`m e} wdxl~ adx }fkg.

E` imme}ed` }d wdxleò we}f ud{x nd{`}kxzix} i`m ndcckio{k~# ud{

geof} wi`} }d `m ud{x dw` zkx~dìc n{c}{xic ndinf. Xk~zkn}{c i`m

~{nnk~~{c kvzi}xei}k~ wfd fiqk ceqkm e` }fk nd{`}xu dx giù ukix~ giu

hk gdxk i}}{`km }d }fk n{c}{xic mekxk`nk~ }fi` fd~} nd{`}xu i}edìc~.

]fku giu `m e} ki~ekx }d kvzcie` n{c}{xic mekxk`nk~ }fi` ud{x fd~}

ndcckio{k~. Hk ~{xk# }fd{of# }d nfknl }fk e`dxgi}ed` ud{ ok} xdg i`

kvzi}xei}k we}f fd~} nd{`}xu ndinfk~# b{~} }d hk ~{xk e} e~ inn{xi}k)

N{c}{xic qic{k~

Hkni{~k n{c}{xk~ ixk ndgzckv# wk {~k gdmkc~ }d fkcz {`mkx~}i`m

}fkg. ]fk qk n{c}{xk ~nick~ mk~nxehkm hu Hxddl~ Zk}kx~d` ic~d

ecc{~}xi}k~ }fk mekxk`nk~ hk}wkk` cdw'nd`}kv} i`m feof'nd`}kv}

n{c}{xk~.8 Lkkzeò }fk~k ok`kxiceri}ed`~ e` ge`m giu dkx

e`~eof} e`}d hkfiqedx zi}}kx`~ i`m xkci}ed`~fez~ ud{ dh~kxqk

e` ud{x ~nfddc i`m ndgg{è}u. I ~egzcekm gdmkc da cdwnd`}kv} &eàdxgic% i`m feof nd`}kv} &adxgic% e~ ~fdw` hkcdw i~ i

nd`}e`{{g. ]fk k`m~ da }fk nd`}e`{{g ixk mkè}ed`~. Zkdzck~

~}uck~ i`m qic{k~ giu aicc icc icdò }fk nd`}e`{{g.

8 Zk}kx~d`# Hxddl~. N{c}{xic E`}kcceok`nk2 I O{emk }d _dxleò we}f Zkdzck xdg D}fkx

N{c}{xk~. Uixgd{}f# GK2 E`}kxn{c}{xic Zxk~~# E`n.# 8::=. Ziok 19.


29/140

Zkink Ndxz~ 89

Cdw Nd`}kv} &Eàdxgic% Feof Nd`}kv} &Adxgic%

y{ice}u &cdwzdwkx e~}i`nk% TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT

Fekxixnfu

&feof zdwkxe~}i`nk%

mexkn}

ndgg{èni}ed`TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT

Eèxkn}

ndgg{èni}ed`

Eèqe{ic e~

egzdx}i`}TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT

Oxd{z e~

egzdx}i`}

]i~ adn{~ TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTXkci}ed`~fez

adn{~

Xe~ }ie o TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT Ni{}ed{~

Nd`}kv} xkakx~ }d }fk nexn{g~}i`nk~ e` wfenf i zix}en{cix kqk`} dx

in}ed` dnn{x~. E` xkakxk`nk }d n{c}{xk# nd`}kv} xkakx~ }d }fk da}k`

{`wxe}}k` x{ck~ dx `dxg~ }fi} fiqk kqdcqkm i`m hkndgk zix} da i

oxd{z~ kvzkn}km hkfiqedx e` qixed{~ ~e}{i}ed`~.

I feof'nd`}kv}# dx adxgic# n{c}{xk kqdcqk~ wfk` zkdzck ceqk

}dok}fkx adx giù ok`kxi}ed`~. Hkni{~k }fkxk e~ ~d g{nf ok`kxic

{`mkx~}i`meò i`m ~fixkm l`dwckmok# zkdzck md `d} `kkm }d

kvzcie` giù }feò~ }d kinf d}fkx< }fk nd`}kv} oeqk~ }fk nc{k~. Adx

kvigzck# }fk adxg da ndgg{èni}ed` giu qixu hu iok. I ud{ò

zkx~d` ~zkileò }d ~dgkd`k dcmkx

giu {~k ~zknen qkxh adxg~ &fd`dxen

}e}ck~% i`m$dx giu cddl$`d} cddl i}}fk zkx~d`# ~}i`m dx ~}iu ~ki}km#

hdw ~ceof}cu dx mkkzcu# k}n. Icc da

}fk~k }feò~ ixk md`k i{}dgi}eniccu#

we}fd{} g{nf nd`~ned{~ }fd{of}.

Kqkxu}feò gi}}kx~ e` feof'nd`}kv}

n{c}{xk~2 fdw ud{ mxk~~# fdw ud{

oxkk} kinf d}fkx# wfd ud{ nd`~emkx

ud{x aigecu# i`m ~d d`. Gkghkx~ da }fk n{c}{xk {`mkx~}i`mhkfiqedxic kvzkn}i}ed`~ axdg }fk nd`}kv}. D{}~emkx~ `m

hkfiqedx~ z{rrceò hkni{~k }fku ni``d} ~kk }fk nd`}kv}. Zkdzck e`

feof'nd`}kv} n{c}{xk~ ixk ni{}ed{~ da nfiòk hkni{~k }fku da}k`

fiqk cdò }xime}ed`~ da fdw }feò~ ixk md`k.

]uzenic

[.^. Ne}erk`

Gd~} da }fk xk~}

da }fk wdxcm



30/140


88 Zkink Ndxz~

Cdw'nd`}kv}# dx eàdxgic# n{c}{xk~ ixk xkci}eqkcu ud{ò ~dnek}ek~

i`m da}k` e`nc{mk gevkm k}fèn oxd{z~. Hkni{~k zkdzck md `d}

ndgk axdg ok`kxi}ed`~ da ceqeò }dok}fkx i`m l`dweò kqkxud`k#

}fku fiqk ck~~ ~fixkm nd`}kv} d` wfenf }d hi~k }fkex e`}kxin}ed`~.

]fku }k`m }d i~l gdxk mexkn} y{k~}ed`~ }d ckix` ihd{} kinf d}fkx#

i`m ok} }d l`dw zkdzck adx wfi} }fku md xi}fkx }fi` axdg wfdg

}fku ixk xkci}km. Mxk~~ ndmk~ giu hk xkcivkm i`m zkdzck giu

immxk~~ kinf d}fkx e` i ni~{ic gi``kx kqk` inxd~~ iok oxd{z~

}fk {~k da x~} ìgk~ e~ ndggd`.

Zkdzck adn{~ gdxk d` mdeò }feò~#

xi}fkx }fi` ~zk`meò }egk `{x}{xeò

xkci}ed`~fez~. Nfiòk e~ gdxk xkimecuinnkz}km i~ }fk `dxg# ok`kxiccu we}f

i hkceka }fi} }fk a{}{xk wecc hk hk}}kx.

Gd~} Zkink Ndxz~ Qdc{`}kkx~ ndgk

axdg }fk cdw'nd`}kv} [.^. n{c}{xk#

{`ck~~ }fkex aigecu hkcdò~ }d d`k

da }fk feof'nd`}kv} ~{hn{c}{xk~ e`

}fk [.^. E` gd~} da }fk xk~} da }fk wdxcm n{c}{xk~ ixk feofkx nd`}kv}.E} e~ egzdx}i`} }d xkgkghkx# fdwkqkx# }fi} }fe~ e~ i gdmkc. ]fkxk e~

meqkx~e}u we}fe` kqkxu n{c}{xk. Ic~d# kinf e`meqem{ic giu `m feg$

fkx~kca e` i mekxk`} zcink d` }fk nd`}e`{{g mkzk`meò d` }fk

~e}{i}ed` dx nd`}kv}# ~{nf i~ i} wdxl# i} fdgk we}f aigecu# k}n.

Hi~km d` }fk meioxig i`m mk~nxez}ed` ihd{} cdw' i`m feof'

nd`}kv} n{c}{xk~# wfi} ixk qk ~zknen mekxk`nk~ ud{ wd{cm

kvzkn} ea ud{x ~nfddc e~ e` i feof'nd`}kv} n{c}{xk i`m ud{ ndgk

axdg i cdw'nd`}kv} n{c}{xk4

9. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT


>. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT

=. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT

;. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT

]d ckix` gdxk ihd{} Igkxeni` n{c}{xic qic{k~ xkim Ziok~ >?;? i`m ndgzck}k

}fk kvkxne~k A{`migk`}ic~ da N{c}{xk2 Ndgzixeò Igkxeni` i`m Fd~} Nd{`}xu

Qekw~ d` Ziok~ 9?5968 e` N{c}{xk Gi}}kx~2 ]fk Zkink Ndxz~ Nxd~~'N{c}{xic

_dxlhddl\ENK @d. ]::6?W.


31/140

Zkink Ndxz~ 8>

N{c}{xic `dxg~

N{c}{xic `dxg~ ixk da}k` ~d ~}xdòcu eòxie`km e` i` e`meqem{ic~

miecu ceak }fi} }fk e`meqem{ic e~ {ìwixk da nkx}ie` hkfiqedx~. [`}ec}fk~k hkfiqedx~ ixk ~kk` e` }fk nd`}kv} da i mekxk`} n{c}{xk we}f

mekxk`} qic{k~# }fk e`meqem{ic giu fiqk men{c}u xkndoèreò i`m

nfiòeò dx imiz}eò }fkg.

]fe`l'Ziex'^fixk In}eqe}u

_fk` wk cddl i} i ~e}{i}ed`# wk e`}kxzxk} wfi}

e~ fizzkèò }fxd{of }fk c}kx da wfi} d{x

n{c}{xk }kcc~ {~ e~ fizzkèò. Xkim }fk adccdweò

mk~nxez}ed` da i nci~~xddg e` i mkqkcdzeò

nd{`}xu wxe}}k` hu i` Igkxeni` dh~kxqkx.

]kinfkx~ xky{k`} {~k d ndxzdxic z{è~fgk`} me~nd{xiok~

~}{mk`}~ xdg in}eqkcu zix}enezi}eò e` }fk nci~~xddg. ^}{mk`}~

ixk kvzkn}km }d ~e} xeoemcu e` }fkex ~ki}~ i`m ~zkil d`cu wfk`

~zdlk` }d. Nd`me}ed`km e` }fi} wiu# e} e~ `d} ~{xzxe~eò }fku md`}kkc xkk }d ~zkil d{} e` }fk nci~~xddg< }fkex ~fu`k~~# fdwkqkx#

~fd{cm `d} hk ge~}ilk` dx cinl d e`}kxk~}.

]fe`lihd{} wfi} ud{ b{~} xkim. _fi} nd`nc{~ed`~

&b{mogk`}~% wkxk gimk ihd{} ckixèò nd`me}ed`~ e` }fe~

nci~~xddg4 Fdw mem n{c}{xic qic{k~ i`m hkceka~ e`{k`nk }fk

wxe}kx~ nd`nc{~ed`~4

Ziexwe}f i fd~} nd{`}xu }kinfkx wfd fi~ ic~d xkim i`m}fd{of} ihd{} }fk nci~~xddg mk~nxez}ed` hu }fk Igkxeni`

dh~kxqkx.

^fixk ud{x }fd{of}~ we}f kinf d}fkx i`m me~n{~~ fdw n{c}{xic

qic{k~ i`m hkceka~ ikn} fdw }kinfkx~ giìok }fkex nci~~xddg~.

In}eqe}u imiz}km axdg i Zkink Ndxz~$]dòi zxk'~kxqenk }xieèò kvkxne~k.

Nci~~xddg mk~nxez}ed` e~ axdg N{c}{xk Gi}}kx~2 ]fk Zkink Ndxz~ Nxd~~'N{c}{xic

_dxlhddl# Ziok 6.



32/140


8= Zkink Ndxz~

kvige i `w N{c}{x

^nfddc~ ixk i genxdnd~g da ndgg{è}u n{c}{xk. ]fku xkkn} }fk

ndgg{è}u~ n{c}{xic qic{k~ i`m }ilk i` in}eqk xdck e` zi~~eò hd}fqe~ehck i`m femmk` n{c}{xic kckgk`}~ }d }fk `kv} ok`kxi}ed`. Nxd~~'

n{c}{xic kvzkx}~ {~k }fk iìcdou da i` enkhkxo }d fkcz kvzcie` }fk

qe~ehck i`m femmk` ndgzd`k`}~ i} zciu e` i n{c}{xk. ]fk enkhkxo

e~ {~km hkni{~k n{c}{xk# celk i` enkhkxo# e~ `kixcu 5: zkxnk`}

{`mkxwi}kx dx e`qe~ehck. ]fk e`qe~ehck dx femmk` zix}~ }d n{c}{xk ixk

hkceka~# qic{k~# i`m i~~{gz}ed`~}fk xki~d`~ zkdzck hkfiqk }fk

wiu }fku md. ]fk qe~ehck i~zkn}~ da n{c}{xk ixk }feò~ ud{ geof}

zfd}doxizf dx dh~kxqk.Ck}~ kvige`k ~dgk da }fk n{c}{xic kckgk`}~ }fi} ixk e`# dx

e`{k`nk# }fk adxgic km{ni}edìc ~k}}eò.

^nfddc n{c}{xk i~ i` enkhkxo

_fi} ~nfddc ~}ilkfdcmkx~ wi`} ~}{mk`}~ }d hkndgk i~ im{c}~ &}fk

mk~exkm d{}ndgk d km{ni}ed`%Fdw }fk e`meqem{ic a}~ e`}d ~dnek}uHkcek~ihd{} f{gi` ì}{xkHkcek~ ihd{} }fk xdck d xkceoed` e` km{ni}ed`Hkcek~ ihd{}}fk qic{k d }fk e`meqem{icEgzdx}i`nk d wdxl dx ~}{muGd}eqi}ed`~ dx inimkgen

infekqkgk`}]dckxi`nk dx nfiòkEgzdx}i`nk d ~iqeò ink# e.k.# gie`}ieèò izzkixi`nk~i`m meoè}u Ndgg{èni}ed`~ ~}uck~ &mexkn} dx e`mexkn}%I}}e}{mk~ ihd{} }fk xdck~ d gk` i m

wdgkÌ}}e}{mk }dwixm i{}fdxe}u^k`~k d wfi} e~ iex e` i~~eoèò oximk~ i`m me~nezce`kI}}e}{mk ihd{} dw`kx~fez &e`meqem{ic dw`kx~fez dx oxd{z dw`kx~fez%I}}e}{mk }dwixm mdeòud{x dw` wdxl dx ok}}eò fkcz xdg d}fkx~I}}e}{mk }dwixm dkxeò gd`ku }d ~nfddc dneic~ }d

oie` k`}xi`nk }d }fk ~nfddc dx }d i~~{xk i iqdxihck oximkD}fkx~4

Femmk`n{c}{xk$qic{k~#

hkceka~# i`mi}}e}{mk~

Hkfiqedx~ d~}{mk`}~# }kinfkx~#

imgeè~}xi}dx~Mxk~~Gi}kxeic~ d` }fk wicc~A{xè}{xk

ixxiòkgk`}~]uzk~ d hddl~ i`m gi}kxeic~Me~nezce`k gk}fdm~Nci~~xddg in}eqe}ek~

^}{mk`}$}kinfkx xkci}ed`~fez

]ez da }fk enkhkxo$dh~kxqihck n{c}{xk


33/140

Zkink Ndxz~ 8;

^dgk kvigzck~ da fdw }fk femmk` n{c}{xk giu ikn} hkfiqedx~ e`

fd~} ~nfddc~.

]kinfkx~ i`m axek`m~ md wfi} }fku ni` }d fkcz i ~}xdò gi}f~}{mk`} oie` imge~~ed` }d feofkx km{ni}ed`# kqk` }fd{of fk

dx ~fk ni``d} ok} i feof k`d{of ~ndxk e` i ciò{iok nci~~.

Nfecm'xkixeò i`m xkceoed{~ qic{k~ ixk xkkn}km e` ~nfddc

me~nezce`k zxin}enk~.

Oximk~ giu hk e`{k`nkm hu }fk ~}i}{~ da }fk ~}{mk`}~ aigecu

dx i oea} }d i }kinfkx dx ~nfddc dneic.

^}{mk`}~ ~}i`m wfk` i }kinfkx k`}kx~ }fk nci~~xddg. Oddm ~}{mk`}~ ~e} e` axd`} i`m him ~}{mk`}~ ~e} e` }fk hinl da

}fk nci~~xddg.

I` km{ni}ed` ckimkx xdg }fk Ni{ni~{~# m{xeò i ~zkknf d`

{èqkx~e}u inimkgen ~}i`mixm~# `d}km }fi} zkdzck fim icwiu~

innkz}km hxehkxu dx {èqkx~e}u k`}xi`nk. ]fku }fd{of} e} wi~ b{~}

zix} d }fkex n{c}{xk# i`m }fku fim `kqkx kqk` nd`~emkxkm }fi} d}fkx

nd{`}xek~ fim gkxe}'hi~km ~u~}kg~ xgcu e` zcink.

I` km{ni}edìc ckimkx xdg }fk ^d{}f Zinen ~iem# D{x ~}{mk`}~

`kkm i oddm km{ni}ed` ~d }fku ni` od dqkx~ki~ }d @kw Rkici`m#

I{~}xicei# dx }fk [è}km ^}i}k~ i`m ~k`m gd`ku fdgk }d }fkex

igecek~. E` ]dòi }fkxk e~ i ~}xdò n{c}{xic m{}u dx ud{ò zkdzck

}d gie`}ie` }fk ì`neic wkcc'hkeò d }fkex igecek~.

Hu dh~kxqeò qe~ehck n{c}{xk &}fk }ez da }fk enkhkxo%# i`m

{`mkx~}i`meò cdw' i`m feof'nd`}kv} n{c}{xk ok`kxiceri}ed`~# ud{

ni` gilk ~dgk xki~dìhck o{k~~k~ nd`nkxèò }fk femmk` qic{k~

da }fk fd~} ~nfddc~ n{c}{xk.



34/140


81 Zkink Ndxz~

êv in}eqe}ek~ }d oie` e`~eof} e`}d }fk fd~} ~nfddc n{c}{xk

I fd~} }kinfkx ~fimdweò in}eqe}u]fe~in}eqe}uiccdw~ud{}ddh~kxqk}fk}ezd}fkenkhkxo.

Ae`m i }kinfkx i} }fk fd~} ~nfddc wfd wecc ck} ud{ inndgziù

feg dx fkx adx ~kqkxic fd{x~ i miu.

_i}nf i`m ce~}k` }d wfi} e~ odeò d` ixd{`m ud{ i`m xkndxm

wfi} ud{ dh~kxqk. @d}k }fk mekxk`nk~ hk}wkk` wfi} ud{ ~kk

fkxk i`m wfi} ud{ wd{cm kvzkn} }d ~kk ea ud{ wkxk adccdweò i

}kinfkx e` i [.^. ~nfddc.

Lkkz }fe~ nfknlce~} i`m }fk zde`}~ e` ge`m m{xeò }fk x~}

~nfddc ~kgk~}kx. E} wecc }ilk }egk i`m l`dwckmok da }fk fd~}

ciò{iok }d {`mkx~}i`m ~dgk da }fk~k }feò~. Ud{ giu wi`}

}d xkqe~e} }fk nfknlce~} dqkx }fk nd{x~k da }fk ukix. I~ ud{x

ciò{iok ~lecc~ egzxdqk i`m ud{x n{c}{xic l`dwckmok mkkzk`~#

ud{ wecc `d}enk gdxk ~{h}ck `{i`nk~ da }fk n{c}{xk.

Imiz}km axdg N{c}{xk Gi}}kx~2 ]fk Zkink Ndxz~ Nxd~~'N{c}{xic _dxlhddl

Ziok~ 9>9'9>>.

@d`qkxhic Ndgg{èni}ed`

Fdw md zkdzck mxk~~4

Fdw md }fku oxkk} kinf d}fkx4

Md zkdzck gie`}ie` kuk nd`}in} wfk`

}fku }icl4

Fdw ix izix} md zkdzck ~}i`m4

Zdwkx Me~}i`nk Hkfiqedx~ Fdw md }kinfkx~ }xki} ~nfddc imgeè~}xi}dx~4

Fdw md ~nfddc imgeè~}xi}dx~ }xki} }kinfkx~4

Fdw md }kinfkx~ }xki} ~}{mk`}~4

Fdw md ~}{mk`}~ }xki} }kinfkx~4

Md ud{ ~kk kqemk`nk d imgeè~}xi}dx~

mkckoi}eò i{}fdxe}u4

Md ud{ ~kk kqemk`nk d }kinfkx~

}ileò eè}ei}eqk4

_e}f wfdg md zkdzck ki} c{`nf dx fiqk }ki4Md }fku ki} d`cu we}f }fkex zkkx~# dx e~ }fkxk

geveò d }fk xi`l~4 Mdk~ kqkxud`k ~fixk ddm4

Ndgg{èni}ed` ^}uck~

Fdw md zkdzck gilk ~{ook~}ed`~#

zxdzd~k emki~4

Fdw ixk me~ioxkkgk`}~ kvzxk~~km4

Ixk zkdzck ok`kxiccu mexkn} dx e`mexkn} e`

}fkex nd`qkx~i}ed`4

Mdk~ }fe~ izzkix }d hk i feof' dx cdw'nd`}kv} wdxlzcink4

D}fkx _dxlzcink @dxg~

_fk` zkdzck e`}kxin}# md }fku ok} }d }fk

}i~l xeof} iwiu dx }icl gdxk ok`kxiccu ax~}4

Ixk wdgk` }xki}km mekxk`}cu }fi` gk`4 E

~d# e` wfi} wiu4

_fi} mdk~ }fk zxkqieceò i}}e}{mk ~kkg }d

hk ihd{} x{ck~ i`m zxdnkm{xk~ i`m }fk `kkm

}d dccdw }fkg4 Md }kinfkx~ ndgk }d wdxl d` }egk i`m md

gkk}eò~ ~}ix} d` }egk4

_fi} gibdx mekxk`nk~ md ud{ ~kk hk}wkk` }fk fd~} ~nfddc i`m ~nfddc~ ud{ ixk igeceix we}f e` }fk [.^.4


35/140

Zkink Ndxz~ 8?

I qic{k~ i`m `dxg~ ncixeani}ed` kvkxne~k

[~k }fe~ in}eqe}u }d emk`}eau ~egecixe}ek~ i`m mekxk`nk~ e` ud{x

km{ni}ed` qic{k~ i`m `dxg~ i`m }fd~k da ud{x fd~} ~nfddc.

E`~}x{n}ed`~2 ]fe~ e~ i dxnkm nfdenk kvkxne~k wfkxk ud{ g{~} nfdd~k ke}fkx i`~wkx i dx i`~wkx h.

^dgk}egk~ e} wecc hk fixm }d mknemk. ]fk z{xzd~k e~ }d zxkzixk dx i me~n{~~ed` d }fk~k }dzen~. ]fkxk e~

`d} `knk~~ixecu d`k xeof} i`~wkx.

9. ]xie`kk~$Qdc{`}kkx~ i`~wkx }fk y{k~}ed`~ }d ncixeu }fkex dw` km{ni}ed` qic{k~.

8. E`qe}k i~ gi u fd~} nd{`}xu km{ni}ed` ~}ilkfdcmkx~ &geè~}xu d km{ni}ed` dneic~# ~nfddc

imgeè~}xi}dx~# }kinfkx~# zixk`}~# ndgg{è}u gkghkx~# i`m$dx ~}{mk`}~% i~ zd~~ehck }d i`~wkx }fk

~igk y{k~}ed`~.

>. Qdc{`}kkx i`m fd~} nd{`}xu ~}ilkfdcmkx i`~wkx~ geof} qixu. E`~eof}~ e`}d }fk n{c}{xic qic{k~ hkfe`m

i`~wkx~ giu hk oie`km hu me~n{~~eò wfu kinf e`meqem{ic nfd~k zix}en{cix i`~wkx~.

I`~wkx kinf d }fk dccdweò# nexnceò d`cu d`k nfdenk2

9. ^}{mk`}~ ~fd{cm i. hk ~zd`}i`kd{~ i`m

}icl d{} wfk` }fku

fiqk ~dgk}feò }d ~iu.

h. xie~k }fkex fi`m~

i`m zix}enezi}k e` i`

dxmkxcu wiu.

8. Fdgkwdxl ~fd{cm hk oeqk` i. ~zixeòcu i`m d`cu

wfk` kkmkm.

h. kqkxu èof}.

>. ]fk nci~~xddg ~fd{cm hk i. ~}{mk`}'nk }kxkm. h. }kinfkx'nk }kxkm.

=. ]kinfkx~ ~fd{cm hk i. xek`mcu i`m

~zd`}i`kd{~.

h. xk~kxqkm i`m dxgic.

;. ]kinfkx~ ~fd{cm i. nxki}k }fkex dw`

n{xxen{c{g hi~km d`

~}{mk`} `kkm~.

h. dccdw i ~k}

n{xxen{c{g.

1. E` oxd{z wdxl i. }fk zxdnk~~ e~

egzdx}i`}.

h. }fk zxdm{n} e~

egzdx}i`}.

?. Nci~~ i~~eo`gk`}~ ixk gd~}

{~k{c wfk` }fku ixk

i. md`k e` i oxd{z. h. md`k e`meqem{iccu.

6. ]fk nci~~xddg ~fd{cm hk i. dzk` we}f ~}{mk`}~

xkk }d gdqk ixd{`m.

h. ncd~km i`m dxmkxcu.

5. ^}{mk`}~ ixk gd~}cu gd}eqi}km hu i. e`}kxìc xkwixm~. h. kv}kxìc xkwixm~.

9:. Gick i`m kgick ~}{mk`}~ i. ~fd{cm hk fkcm }d }fk

~igk ~}i`mixm~.

h. ~fd{cm hk fkcm }d

mekxk`} ~}i`mixm~.

99. Kqic{i}ed` ~fd{cm hk i. e`dxgic. h. dxgic.

98. E} e~ gdxk egzdx}i`} }d i. n fiòk qic{k~. h. n fiòk hkfiqedx.



36/140


86 Zkink Ndxz~

9>. ]fk n{xxen{c{g ~fd{cm hk

mexkn}km }dwixm

i. cdnic ndgg{ e}u kkm~. h. ì}edìc kvige i}ed`~.

9=. Oximk~ ixk i. i mk}kxxk`} }d

mkqkcdzeò ~kc'

gd}eqi}ed`.

h. i` kkn}eqk

gknfiè~g dx

gd}eqi}eò ~}{mk`}~.

9;. E} e~ egzdx}i`} }d ndqkx i. nkx}ie` nd }k } e` mkz}f. h. icc zxk'~k} n{xxen{c{g.

91. ^}i`mixm~ dx me~nezce`k ~fd{cm

hk mk}kxge`km hu

i. }fk e`meqem{ic }kinfkx. h. ~nfddc zdcenu i`m

}xime}ed`.

9?. Nci~~ }egk ~fd{cm i. e`nc{mk `d`}dzen'

xkci}km me~n{~~ed`~.

h. hk ~zk`} d` }i~l.

96. ^}{mk`}~ ~fd{cm hk }xinlkm hu i. ihece}u. h. iok.95. E` ~nfddc# e} e~ gd~} egzdx}i`} }d i. ckix` fdw }d ckix`. h. ckix` in}~.

8:. ]kinfkx~ i. ~fd{cm fiqk icc }fk

i`~wkx~.

h. ixk iccdwkm }d ~iu# E

md`} l`dw.

89. ]kinfkx~ i`m ~}{mk`}~ ~fd{cm i. ~{zzxk~~ }fkex

kgd}ed`~.

h. hk xkk }d ~fdw }fkex

kgd}ed`~.

88. ^}{mk`}~ ~fd{cm kvzkn} i. }kinfkx~ }d ~fdw }fkg

}fk wiu.

h. }d hk }i{of} fdw }d

a`m }fkex dw` wiu.

Imiz}km axdg Zkink Ndxz~$Gi{xe}ièi

I n{c}{xic e`}kxqekw in}eqe}u

K`nd{xiok ~}{mk`}~ dx }kinfkx~ }d }fe`l ihd{} ~nfddc

n{c}{xk i`m ~fixk }fkex }fd{of}~ we}f }fk Qdc{`}kkx }kinfkx

we}f }fe~ in}eqe}u.

^}{mk`} In}eqe}u2 N{c}{xic E`}kxqekw~

_fk` }kinfeò we}fe` i `kw n{c}{xic nd`}kv}# xkinfeò ~}{mk`}~ ni` hk men{c} i} ax~}

hkni{~k ud{ cinl i` {`mkx~}i`meò d ud{x ~}{mk`}~ n{c}{xk i`m fdw }d xkci}k }d }fkg. ]fe~

in}eqe}u fkcz~ hxemok }fi} oiz.

@d}k2 Hkni{~k e} e~ d}k` ki~ekx }d ~iu wfi} d}fkx~ }fe`l# e` }fe~ in}eqe}u ~}{mk`}~ ixk i~lkm

ihd{} }fkex xek`m~ dzeèd`~ xi}fkx }fi` }fkex dw`. ]fe~ wd{cm ic~d hk i qic{ihck in}eqe}u }dnd`m{n} we}f ud{x }kinfeò ndcckio{k~ hu nfiòeò ud{x xek`m~ }d ud{x kccdw }kinfkx~.

I~ gk`}ed`km kixcekx e` }fe~ nfiz}kx# n{c}{xic `dxg~ ixk d}k` ~d ~}xdòcu eòxie`km e` i`

e`meqem{ic~ miecu cek }fi} }fk e`meqem{ic giu hk {ìwixk d nkx}ie` hkfiqedx~. E} e~ {~{iccu

men{c} dx zkdzck }d mk~nxehk }fkex dw` n{c}{xk. Hu i~leò e`mexkn} y{k~}ed`~# ud{ iccdw


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Zkink Ndxz~ 85

zkdzck }d mk~nxehk e` hxdim }kxg~ fdw }fku }fe`l }fkex n{c}{xk e~ zkxnkeqkm hu gdxk }fi` b{~}

d`k zkx~d`. ]fk~k e`mexkn} y{k~}ed`~ ni` hk i~lkm d ~}{mk`}~ e`meqem{iccu# e` ziex~# dx e` ~gicc

oxd{z~. I}kx ~}{mk`}~ fiqk wxe}}k` }fkex i`~wkx~# }fku zxk~k`} }fkg# i`m i nci~~ me~n{~~ed`

e~ fkcm. ]fe~ in}eqe}u oeqk~ ~}{mk`}~ i` dzzdx}{è}u }d xkkn} d` }fkex ~nfddc~ n{c}{xk i`m }fk

}kinfkx i` dzzdx}{è}u }d ckix` wfi} ~}{mk`}~ ixk }fe`leò.

_fi} wd{cm ud{x xek`m~ }kcc i `kw ~}{mk`} ihd{} }fe~ ~nfddc4

_fi} e~ }fk d`k }feò ud{x xek`m~ wd{cm gd~} celk }d nfiòk ihd{} }fe~ ~nfddc4

_fd e~ i fkxd i} }fe~ ~nfddc4 _fu4

_fi} e~ ud{x xek`m~ iqdxe}k }feò ihd{} }fe~ ~nfddc4

_fi} md ud{x xek`m~ }fe`l i `kw }kinfkx ~fd{cm l`dw ihd{} }fe~ ~nfddc4

Ndgzixk zixk`}~ i~zexi}ed`~ dx }fkex nfecmxk` }d ckixìhd{} n{c}{xic qic{k~

]fe~ kvkxne~k xky{exk~ i akw fd~} nd{`}xu ì}edìc~ wfd fiqk

nfecmxk` &}fku ni` hk ud{x }xie`kx~# }kinfeò ndcckio{k~# dx

ndgg{è}u gkghkx~% i`m i akw Igkxeni`~. Ud{ wecc `kkm i

hcinlhdixm dx nfix} zizkx.

9. I~l ~gicc oxd{z~ }d gilk i ce~} d }fk nfixin}kxe~}en~$qic{k~$hkfiqedx~ }fku fdzk

}fkex nfecmxk` wecc mkqkcdz. E}kg~ geof} e`nc{mk ~{nnk~~{c# oddm ~}{mk`}~# zixk`}~#

e`mkzk`mk`}# cduic }d igecu# k}n.

8. Fiqk oxd{z~ ~fixk ce~}~# kvzcieèò dx ncixeueò wfi} }fk e}kg~ gki`. Adx kvigzck#

wfi} mdk~ ~{nnk~~{c gki`4 E} geof} gki` dwèò i ixg dx gixxueò i`m fiqeò

i igecu dx ok}}eò i wkcc'ziueò bdh. D`nk kqkxud`k {`mkx~}i`m~ hd}f ce~}~# ud{

zxdhihcu wecc ~kk ~dgk mekxk`nk~. Zkxfiz~ }fkxk ixk ~dgk e}kg~ d` d`k nfix} }fi} ixk

`d} xkkn}km d` }fk d}fkx.

>. Adx kinf e}kg d` kinf nfix}# me~n{~~ wfi} }fk zixk`}~ wd{cm md }d xie~k }fkex

nfecmxk` }d fiqk }fd~k nfixin}kxe~}en~. Adx kvigzck# e }fk nfecmxk` ixk kvzkn}km }d hk

e`mkzk`mk`} i~ im{c}~# }fku giu hk oeqk` dzzdx}{è}ek~ }d gilk ~dgk d }fkex dw`

mkne~ed`~ &celk ok}}eò i` iccdwi`nk i`m hkeò ihck }d ~zk`m e} }fk wiu }fku wi`} dx

nfdd~eò wfi} }fku wi`} }d ki} e` i xk~}i{xi`}%. E nfecmxk` ixk kvzkn}km }d oxdw {z }d

hk ncd~kcu nd``kn}km }d }fk igecu# }fku giu ~zk`m gd~} d }fkex xkk }egk we}f igecu

gkghkx~ i`m xknkeqk gd`ku }fku `kkm dx in}eqe}ek~ xdg }fkex zixk`}~.

=. Ok`kxiccu wfi} wecc kgkxok e~ }fi} }fk nfecmxk` ixk xie~km }d nixxu }fk qic{k~ d }fk

n{c}{xk< mekxk`} qic{k~ wecc ckim }d mekxk`} nfecm'xie~eò in}eqe}ek~. Ckixèò gdxk

ihd{} ud{x fd~} n{c}{xk~ qic{k~ e` }fe~ wiu giu fkcz ud{ {`mkx~}i`m wfu ~nfddc~ ixk

x{` }fk wiu }fku ixk i`m wfu ~}{mk`}~ ixk kvzkn}km }d hkfiqk }fk wiu }fku md.



38/140


>: Zkink Ndxz~

[~k zix}enezi}dxu iìcu~e~ dx ndgg{è}u in}ed` &ZINI%in}eqe}ek~ }d kvzcdxk }fk fd~} ~nfddc~ n{c}{xk

Zix}enezi}dxu iìcu~e~ adx ndgg{è}u in}ed` &ZINI% }ddc~ ixk{~ka{c e` me~ndqkxeò gdxk ihd{} ud{x ~}{mk`}~# ud{x akccdw

}kinfkx~# i`m ud{x ndgg{è}u. Fkxk ixk ~dgk kvigzck~ da

fdw }fk mekxk`} }ddc~ ni` hk {~km }d }kinf ~lecc~ wfeck }fku

zxdqemk ud{ we}f egzdx}i`} eàdxgi}ed` ihd{} ud{x ~}{mk`}~

i`m }fk ndgg{è}u.

ZINI ]ddc ^}{mk`}~ ckix` Qdc{`}kkx }kinfkx~ ckix`

I~~eo` ~}{mk`}~ }d nxki}kmiecu in}eqe}u ~nfkm{ck~

^ky{k`neò i`mwxe}eò ~lecc~

]fk }egk ~}{mk`}~ fiqkiqiecihck dx ~}{mueò#

fdgkwdxl# i}kx ~nfddc

in}eqe}ek~ ~{nf i~ nc{h~#

i`m }{}dxeò ~k~~ed`~

Fiqk ~gicc oxd{z~

d gick i`m kgick

~}{mk`}~ ~kzixi}kcu mxiw

ndgg{è}u giz~

Oxd{z i`m

gizgileò ~lecc~

Mekxk`} zkxnkz}ed`~ dhdu~ i`m oexc~

Hdu~ i`m oexc~ e`}kxk~}~

i`m nd`nkx`~< }fkex

zkxnkz}ed`~ d }fk

ndgg{è}u

]kinf ~}{mk`}~ zxedxe}u

xi`leò }knfèy{k~

i`m {~k }fkg }d ~kckn}

nci~~xddg x{ck~ i`m$dx

nd`~ky{k`nk~

Xi`leò ~lecc~

Fdw }d zix}enezi}k e`

oxd{z mkne~ed` gileò

Nxe}enic }fe`leò ~lecc~

Xk~zd`~ehece}u

^}{mk`}~ kvzkn}i}ed`~

dx nci~~xddg hkfiqedx#

i`m ~}{mk`}~ ~k`~k d iex

nd`~ky{k`nk~

Fiqk ~gicc oxd{z~ d gicki`m kgick ~}{mk`}~ gilk

i`m zxk~k`} ~ki~dìc

nick`mix~

Oxd{z# dxoièri}edìc#i`m zxk~k`}i}ed` ~lecc~

^ki~dìc mekxk`nk~e` }kxg~ d in}eqe}ek~#

fkic}f# i`m d{} d ~nfddc

dhceoi}ed`~< dzzdx}{`k

zkxedm~ }d ~nfkm{ck

mekxk`} ck~~d` in}eqe}ek~

m{xeò }fk ~nfddc ukix

Ic~d# nd`~emkx e`qe}eò ud{x nd{`}kxzix} dx }kig }kinfkx }dmd i miecu in}eqe}u ~nfkm{ck }d emk`}eau zd~~ehck }egk~ adx nd'

zci`èò i`m }d oie` i hk}}kx {`mkx~}i`meò da }fkex `d`'~nfddc

xk~zd`~ehece}ek~. Nd`~emkx wiu~ }fk d}fkx }ddc~ geof} hk {~ka{c i}

}fk ~nfddc# ~{nf i~ }fk ~ki~dìc nick`mix.

Adx gdxk emki~# ~kk ZINI2 [~eò Zix}enezi}dxu Iìcu~e~ dx Ndgg{è}u In}ed` Emki

Hddl. _i~feò}d`# MN2 Zkink Ndxz~# 8::;. \ENK @d. G::61W


39/140

Zkink Ndxz~ >9

I}}k`m wdxl~fdz~ dx in{c}u gkk}eò~ e` }fk fd~} nd{`}xu

Cddl adx dzzdx}{è}ek~ }d fkix kvzkxek`nkm fd~} nd{`}xu

}kinfkx~ me~n{~~ }kinfeò e~~{k~# }knfèy{k~# i`m nci~~xddggiìokgk`}. I~l ud{x zxdoxig giìokx ea }fkxk ixk cdnic dx

xkoedìc gkk}eò~ dx wdxl~fdz~ }fi} ud{ ni` i}}k`m.

E}xm{neo Nfio

Hu `dw# ud{ fiqk mkqkcdzkm ~dgk n{c}{xic iwixk`k~~ i`m fiqk

imb{~}km ~dgk hkfiqedx~ }d inndggdmi}k ceqeò we}f zkdzck

axdg i mekxk`} n{c}{xk. Ud{ xkicerk nfiòk~ ixk knk~~ixu wfk`

wdxleò e` i `kw n{c}{xk.

Ixk }fkxk nfiòk~ ud{ wi`} }d gilk e` ud{x

hkfiqedx i~ i zxdak~~edìc }kinfkx# ud{x

}kinfeò gk}fdm~# i`m$dx fdw ud{ zxdgd}k

km{ni}edìc nfiòk4 Hkcdw ixk i akw emki~ }d

fkcz ud{ } e` we}f }fk fd~} ~nfddc~ n{c}{xk.

[~k n{c}{xiccu izzxdzxei}k hkfiqedx~ }d k~}ihce~f

zxdak~~edìc nxkmehece}u.

Ckix` }fk ciò{iok. Da nd{x~k# ckixèò }fk ciò{iok

ainece}i}k~ ndgg{èni}ed`. E} ic~d ~fdw~ xk~zkn} adx }fk n{c}{xk

i`m i mk~exk }d {`mkx~}i`m }fk fd~} ~nfddc~ n{c}{xk.

Mxk~~ i`m oxddg ud{x~kca adx ud{x xdck i~ i zxdak~~edìc

}kinfkx2 {~k fd~} nd{`}xu }kinfkx~ i~ gdmkc~.

Hkfiqk izzxdzxei}kcu wfk` gkk}eò ndcckio{k~ adx }fk

x~} }egk. &Ae`m d{}2 Md ud{ e`}xdm{nk ud{x~kca dx e~ e} gdxk

izzxdzxei}k adx ~dgkd`k kc~k }d e`}xdm{nk ud{4 Md ud{ ~filk

fi`m~4 _fi} ~fd{cm ud{ ~iu~fd{cm ud{ }icl ihd{} ud{x

aigecu x~} dx ud{x km{ni}ed` i`m kvzkxek`nk4%

Dh~kxqk }fk ndxxkn} zxd}dndc adx gkk}eò we}f }fk ~nfddc

imgeè~}xi}dx. &Ae`m d{}2 Md ud{ ~nfkm{ck }fk izzde`}gk`}

dx mdk~ }fk imgeè~}xi}dx4 Fdw ~fd{cm }fk imgeè~}xi}dx hk

immxk~~km4 Md ud{ }icl ihd{} ok`kxice}ek~ dx ok} xeof} mdw` }d

h{~e`k~~4 _fi} y{k~}ed`~ ixk izzxdzxei}k }d i~l4 Fdw md ud{

l`dw wfk` e} e~ }egk }d ckiqk4%

Oeqk xk~zkn} }d

ok} xk~zkn}.

Zkink Ndxz~$Gdrighey{k



40/140


>8 Zkink Ndxz~

Hkfiqk izzxdzxei}kcu wfk` x~} gkk}eò ud{x ~}{mk`}~. &E~ e}

hk}}kx }d md e} icd`k dx fiqk }fk ~nfddc fkim dx i }kig }kinfkx

e`}xdm{nk ud{4 Fdw ~fd{cm ud{ i~l ~}{mk`}~ }d immxk~~ ud{4

_fi} ~fd{cm ud{ }kcc ~}{mk`}~ ihd{} ud{x hinloxd{`m i`m

kvzkn}i}ed`~4%

Ckix` fdw ud{ ixk kvzkn}km }d e`}kxin} we}f zixk`}~. &_fk`

i`m wfkxk ~fd{cm ud{ gkk} }fkg4 Md ud{ qe~e} }fkex fdgk~4

M{xeò xko{cixcu ~nfkm{ckm gkk}eò~4 D`cu wfk` }fkxk e~

i zxdhckg we}f }fkex ~d` dx mi{of}kx4 Fdw md ud{ immxk~~

zixk`}~ i`m fdw ~fd{cm }fku immxk~~ ud{4%

Ckix` wfi} ndgg{è}u e`qdcqkgk`} e~ kvzkn}km da i }kinfkx.&E` wfi} }uzk~ da ndgg{è}u in}eqe}ek~ md }kinfkx~ zix}enezi}k4

Ixk }fkxk kvzkn}i}ed`~ ihd{} }fkex mxk~~ i`m$dx hkfiqedx~

kqk` wfk` `d} i} ~nfddc4%

_ecc ~dgk da }fk~k xky{exk ud{ }d nfiòk wfi} ud{ geof} md i}

fdgk e` }fk [.^.4

Qdc{`}kkx'Nd{`}kxzix} In}eqe}u

]fe~ in}eqe}u nd{cm ic~d hk {~km we}f ~}{mk`}~ dx

ndgg{è}u gkghkx~.

Ndgzck}k }fk mxiweò d` }fk `kv} ziok. Nd`~emkx

}fi} }fk im{c} e` }fk mxiweò e~ ud{ i~ i }kinfkx.

Imm }d }fk mxiweò mk}iec~ d mxk~~# ~}i}kgk`}~# i`m }fd{of}~ }fi}

wd{cm xkakn} i xk~zkn}km }kinfkx i} i ~nfddc e` }fk [.^. Zxdqemk }fk~}{mk`} o{xk we}f e`meni}ed`~ }fi} }fk ~}{mk`} xk~zkn}~ UD[.

E`qe}k ud{x nd{`}kxzix} }d ndgzck}k i ~egecix mxiweò.

^fixk ud{x mxiweò~ i`m xkakn}ed`~. Kvzcdxk }dok}fkx wfi} e~

kvzkn}km d }kinfkx~ i`m ~}{mk`}~.

Imiz}km axdg A{chxeof} ]kinfkx Kvnfiòk Dxek`}i}ed`>

> Hcdfg# B{mkk i`m î`mxi Adwckx. A{chxeof} ]kinfkx Kvnfiòk Zxdoxig

Dxek`}i}ed`. _i~feò}d`# MN. I{o{~}# 8:::.


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Zkink Ndxz~ >>

Fdwmd}kinfkx~i`m~}{mk`}~~fdwxk~zkn}4

^kk }fk izzk`mev adx i }xieèò ~k~~ed` ~egecix }d }fe~ in}eqe}u axdg _dxleò we}f

^{zkxqe~dx~ i`m Nd{`}kxzix}~# _i~feò}d`# MN2 Zkink Ndxz~# 8::8. Ziok~ ?:'?9.

\ENK @d. ]:989W

Nfiòk i`m n{c}{xic egzceni}ed`~

Hkadxk ud{ mknemk }d eè}ei}k nfiòk# nd`~emkx ud{x dz}ed`~.

I. Ud{ e`y{exk ihd{} hkfiqedx~ ud{ md`} {`mkx~}i`m# mk}kxge`k

}fk hkceka~ i`m qic{k~ hkfe`m }fkg# i`m ckix` }d innkz} }fkex

n{c}{xic x{ck~.

H. Ud{ wkeof }fk hk`k}~ da mdeò ~dgk}feò }fkex wiu kqk`

}fd{of ud{ ixk ~ceof}cu {`ndgadx}ihck we}f e} hkni{~k e} xkiccu

e~`} icc }fi} egzdx}i`}.N. Ud{ }ilk }egk }d iìcurk }fk }feò~ ud{ ixk }fe`leò ihd{}

nfiòeò# zenl d{} d`k dx }wd ud{ hkcekqk ixk nxe}enic# i`m

wdxl nixka{ccu }d gilk nfiòk~ e` }fd~k }feò~.

_fi}fk$~fk

~iu~

Gu dw`

hkfiqedx#

mxk~~#

}fd{of}~#

~zkknf

I ~}{mk`}~

hkfiqedx# mxk~~#

}fd{of}~#

~zkknf e`

xkci}ed` }d gk

_fi}

fk$~fk e~

}fe`leò



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>= Zkink Ndxz~

]fe`l9'8'> wfk` nd`~emkxeò nfiòk e` }fk nci~~xddg2

9. Fdw wd{cm i nfiòk egzxdqk ~}{mk`} ckixèò4 Fdw wecc

ud{ l`dw4

8. Ixk ud{ }fk d`k }fi} `kkm~ }d nfiòk4 Cddl we}fe` ud{x~kca

hkadxk ud{ cddl i} d}fkx~. E} e~ da}k` hk~} adx adxkeo` }kinfkx~ }d

nfiòk }fk wiu }fku in} dx }fkex i}}e}{mk }d } e` we}f }fk fd~}

~nfddc~ n{c}{xk.

>. Md ud{ fiqk i ~}xdò akkceò }fi} ea d}fkx~ nfiòk }fkxk wd{cm

hk i` dqkxicc egzxdqkgk`} e` ~}{mk`} ckixèò4 Ea ud{ md# }fk`

`m wiu~ }d e`qdcqk ~}{mk`}~# imgeè~}xi}dx~# i`m zixk`}~ axdg}fk qkxu hkoe`èò da }fk nfiòk zxdnk~~.

Xkim }fk ~}dxek~ da }fxkk adxkeo` }kinfkx~ hkcdw. _d{cm }fk ~}dxek~

hk mekxk`} ea }fku fim }fd{of} 9'8'>4 _fu dx wfu `d}4

]fk x~} gd`}f dx }wd e` nci~~ E wi~ icwiu~ ~iueò# Cddl i} gk

wfk` E }icl }d ud{# i`m }fk lem~ ~egzcu wd{cm`} md e}. ]fku wd{cm

icwiu~ cddl i} }fkex fi`m~# dx }fk hcinlhdixm# dx iùwfkxk kvnkz}

cddleò gk e` }fk aink. I`m ìccu d`k da }fk d}fkx }kinfkx~ }dcmgk e} wi~ i n{c}{xic }feò.

]dù Fecckxgi` axdg ^le`wiclkx~ e` N{c}{xk Gi}}kx~2

]fk Zkink Ndxz~ Nxd~~'N{c}{xic _dxlhddl# Ziok 9:5.

D`k }kinfkx akc} }fi} }icleò e` nci~~ wi~ }fk `{ghkx d`k zxdhckg

e` mkiceò we}f nci~~xddg giìokgk`}. Hkadxk ud{ hkndgk }dd

ax{~}xi}km i`m me~fkix}k`km# lkkz e` ge`m }fi} e` H{coixei# e} e~ `d}

{`{~{ic adx i }kinfkx }d nd`}e`{k we}f i ck~~d` wfeck fe~ dx fkx~}{mk`}~ nfi} e` }fk gki`}egk. ]fk ~}{mk`}~ ixk ic~d inn{~}dgkm

}d }fe~# ~d fiqeò i ~eck`} nci~~xddg e~ `d} qkxu xkice~}en.

Zkink Ndxz~$H{coixei

_fk` E k`}kxkm }fk nci~~xddg# icc }fk ~}{mk`}~ i{}dgi}eniccu ~}ddm

{z {`}ec E oiqk }fkg i ~eoìc }d ~e}. E wi~ {`ndgadx}ihck we}f }fe~

mkakxk`}eic hkfiqedx i`m }dcm gu ~}{mk`}~ }fku `kkm `d} ~}i`m

wfk` E k`}kxkm }fk xddg. ]wd wkkl~ ci}kx# }fk fkimgi~}kx i~lkm

}d ~zkil we}f gk. Fk eàdxgkm gk }fk d}fkx }kinfkx~ fim fkixm

gu ~}{mk`}~ wkxk `d} ~}i`meò wfk` E k`}kxkm }fk xddg i`m }fku

wkxk {z~k}. ]fku xkoixmkm }fe~ hkfiqedx i~ i ~eo` da me~xk~zkn}#

wfenf }fku akixkm geof} ~zxkim }d }fkex nci~~xddg~. ]fku wdxxekm


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Zkink Ndxz~ >;

}fi} E mkcehkxi}kcu geof} hk }xueò }d hc{x }fk me~}e`n}ed` hk}wkk`

}kinfkx i`m ~}{mk`}. Ea ~}{mk`}~ z{} }fkg~kcqk~ d` }fk ~igk ckqkc

i~ }kinfkx~# nfid~ wd{cm xk~{c}. E} mem`} dnn{x }d gk }fi} }fe~ ~gicc

nfiòk e` gu nci~~xddg wd{cm ni{~k zxdhckg~.

Imiz}km axdg [z~}i`meò ^}{mk`}~ e` N{c}{xk Gi}}kx~2

]fk Zkink Ndxz~ Nxd~~'N{c}{xic _dxlhddl# Ziok 98=.

I Qdc{`}kkx }kinfkx e` }fk Nrknf Xkz{hcen fim men{c}u

ndgg{èni}eò we}f fkx ~{zkxqe~dx. ]fk adccdweò nfiòk

hk`k}km hd}f }fk ~{zkxqe~dx i`m Qdc{`}kkx2 Kinf Axemiu }fk

Qdc{`}kkx wxd}k i ~fdx} Kòce~f `d}k }d fkx ~{zkxqe~dx# kvzcieèò

wfi} ~fk fim md`k m{xeò }fk wkkl i`m i~leò iù y{k~}ed`~~fk fim. _fk` }fk Qdc{`}kkx i`m ~{zkxqe~dx gk} d` Gd`miu

}fk ~{zkxqe~dx fim }xi`~ci}km }fk `d}k e`}d Nrknf }d oeqk }d }fk

Qdc{`}kkx i`m wi~ zxkzixkm }d me~n{~~ }fk Qdc{`}kkx~ y{k~}ed`~.

D`k ixki wfkxk Qdc{`}kkx }kinfkx~ wecc `kkm }d gdmeu }fkex

nci~~xddg hkfiqedx e~ wfk` &i`m e% }fku ~zkil Kòce~f. ^dgk

gdmeni}ed`~ }fi} fkcz k`~{xk {`mkx~}i`meò2

^zkil ~cdwcu i`m nckixcu# h{} `d} cd{mcu.

Lkkz e} ~egzck< {~k ~fdx} ~k`}k`nk~.

Iqdem emedgi}en kvzxk~~ed`~# ~{nf i~ Ig E e` }fk hicczixl4

[~k dzk`'k`mkm y{k~}ed`~. Ncd~k'k`mkm y{k~}ed`~ zxdgz}

~}{mk`}~ }d xk~zd`m i~ }fku }fe`l ud{ wi`}.

_xe}k lku zde`}~ d` }fk hdixm< ~}{mk`}~ d}k` {`mkx~}i`mhk}}kx wfk` }fku ~kk }fk wdxm~.

[~k kvigzck~ }d wfenf }fk ~}{mk`}~ ni` xkci}k.

[~k nckix# n{c}{xiccu izzxdzxei}k ok~}{xk~.

Oeqk i`m ~kkl kkmhinl }d nfknl {`mkx~}i`meò.

Ad~}kxeò nfiòk xky{exk~ oddm ndgg{èni}ed` ~lecc~. Zxdnkkmxk~zkn}a{ccu i`m ~cdwcu.

_feck Igkxeni`~ {~{iccu qekw nfiòk i~ i zd~e}eqk i`m e`kqe}ihck

adxnk i`m ixk xkci}eqkcu y{enl }d gilk nfiòk~# zkdzck e` feof'

nd`}kv} n{c}{xk~ da}k` qic{k }xime}ed`~ i`m giu xixkcu nd`}kgzci}k



44/140


>1 Zkink Ndxz~

nfiòk. Xe~l'}ileò d{}~emk }fk n{c}{xic `dxg~ geof} hk {`fkixm da.

]fe~ feof'nd`}kv} n{c}{xic }k`mk`nu ~{ook~}~ e} e~ hk~} }d od ~cdwcu#

md `d} x{~f }fxd{of }fk nfiòk zxdnk~~# i`m hk ~{xk }d e`qdcqk

d}fkx }kinfkx~# ~nfddc imgeè~}xi}dx~# zixk`}~# i`m zkxfiz~ ~}{mk`}~.

I Qdc{`}kkx imqe~dx }d i` km{ni}edìc `dòdqkx`gk`}ic

dxoièri}ed` e` nk`}xic K{xdzk hknigk kvi~zkxi}km we}f }fk cdò

me~n{~~ed`~ d wfi} ~kkgkm }d fkx }d hk xi}fkx }xeqeic gi}}kx~. I

ud{ò ~}i gkghkx xk~zd`mkm }d }fk Qdc{`}kkx~ x{~}xi}ed` hu

zde`}eò d{} i lku mekxk`nk2 Ud{ Igkxeni`~ mknemk y{enlcu i`m

e e} mdk~`} wdxl ud{ }xu ~dgk}feò kc~k. _k l`dw wk ni`} idxm}d gilk ge~}ilk~.

Ea ud{ mknemk }d hk i nfiòk iok`}# x~} `m i ndgge}}km cdnic

zix}`kx i`m ~}ix} we}f zd~e}eqk imqenk< gdqk d` }d gdxk ni{}edìxu

wdxm~ ci}kx. L`dw }fi} ~{~}ieìhck nfiòk wecc d`cu dnn{x ea cdnic

zkdzck imdz} }fk nfiòk i~ }fkex dw` i`m e`~}e}{}edìcerk e} &gilk

e} zix} da ~nfddc `dxg~%.

Kvzcie` }fk xi}edìck adx nfiòkndgg{èni}k axky{k`}cu

i`m nckixcu.

Zxdqemk i nckix qe~ed`.

^kkl dzzdx}{è}ek~ }d e`qdcqk zkdzck.

Gilk ~{xk zkdzck fiqk }fk l`dw'fdw.

]xinl hkfiqedx i`m gki~{xk xk~{c}~.

Hkwixk da h{xki{nxinu. Kvzkn} xk~e~}i`nk.

Ok} xk~e~}i`nk d{} e` }fk dzk`. &^kk }fk {~ka{c }ddc~

Dqkxndgeò Xk~e~}i`nk }d Nfiòk i`m Adxnk Aekcm Iìcu~e~

d` }fk `kv} ziok~.%

Zci`èò }d dqkxndgk xk~e~}i`nk

_fk` Qdc{`}kkx }kinfkx~ i`m nd{`}kxzix}~ dx }kig }kinfkx~ ixknd`~emkxeò nfiòk~ e` e`~}x{n}ed` dx nci~~xddg giìokgk`}

}knfèy{k~# }fk }ihck d` }fk adccdweò ziok e~ i {~ka{c gdmkc }d

emk`}eau zxdzd~km nfiòk~# xki~d`~ adx xk~e~}i`nk# i`m ~}xi}koek~

adx dqkxndgeò xk~e~}i`nk.


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Zkink Ndxz~ >?

Dqkxndgeò Xk~e~}i`nk }d Nfiòk

Zkink Ndxz~$^d{}f Ixeni

Ixki~ d Xk~e~}i`nk Xki~d`~ dx Xk~e~}i`nk ^}xi}koek~ dx Dqkxndge o Xk~e~}i`nk

[~eò nddzkxi}eqk

ckixèò ~}xi}koek~

Akix d cd~eò nd`}xdc

d nci~~

@d zxkqed{~ kvzkxek`nk

i~ i ckix`kx

@d} ~{xk fdw }d dxoièrk

ckix`kx oxd{z~

@d} ~{xk fdw }d oeqk

e`meqem{ic oximk~ dx

oxd{z in}eqe}ek~

Kvzcie` fdw {~eò nddzkxi}eqk oxd{z~ ni`

fkcz }fk }kinfkx giìok }fk nci~~

Dh~kxqk d}fkx~ wfd ni` gdmkc

nddzkxi}eqk ckixèò in}eqe}ek~

^}ix} we}f ziex wdxl in}eqe}ek~

[~k }wd oximk~2 i oxd{z oximk &icc

gkghkx~ xknkeqk emk`}enic oximk~% i`m iè`meqem{ic oximk &hi~km d` i` i~~k~~gk`}

d i ~}{mk`}~ ckixèò%

]fkxk e~ i hci`l }kgzci}k da }fe~ nfix} i} }fk k`m da }fe~ nfiz}kx.

Adxnk Aekcm Iìcu~e~ e~ i {~ka{c }ddc e` zxkzixeò adx i`m wdxleò we}f

xk~e~}i`nk }d nfiòk. Md }fk adxnk kcm iìcu~e~ we}f i xkzxk~k`}i}eqk

oxd{z da zkdzck wfd wd{cm hk e`qdcqkm e` }fk nfiòk.

9. Zxdzd~k i nfiòk.

8. Hxie`~}dxg mxeqeò adxnk~# i~ wkcc i~ xk~}xieèò adxnk~ e`

e}~ egzckgk`}i}ed`.

>. Kqic{i}k hd}f adxnk~ e` }kxg~ da ~}xkò}f. &]fe~ e~ i oxd{z

~{hbkn}eqk b{mogk`}.%

=. Mkqkcdz ~}xi}koek~ }d xkgdqk dx mknxki~k xk~}xieèò adxnk~#

~}ix}eò we}f }fk ki~ecu nfiòkm d`k~.

;. Mkqkcdz ~}xi}koek~ }d ~}xkò}fk` mxeqeò adxnk~# ~}xeqeò adx

we`$we` ~dc{}ed`~.

1. ]xi`~ci}k }fk~k ~}xi}koek~ e`}d in}ed` zci`~2 _fu4 _fi}4 _fk`4

_fkxk4 Fdw4

?. Mkqkcdz i zci` }d kqic{i}k }fk kkn}eqk`k~~ da ud{x in}ed`

zci`# d`nk egzckgk`}km.



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>6 Zkink Ndxz~

Adxnk Aekcm Iìcu~e~ Kvigzck

Zxdzd~km nfiòk2 E`ndxzdxi}k ~}{mk`}'nk`}kxkm ckixèò e`}d nci~~xddg e`~}x{n}ed`

Aiqdxeò &mxeqeò% dxnk~ Xk~}xieèò &dzzd~eò% dxnk~

^}{mk`}~ ckix` }d }ilk xk~zd`~ehece}u

dx }fkex dw` ckixèò i`m }f{~ oie`

}fk ~lecc~ }d hkndgk cekcdò ckix`kx~.

E} e~ }fk }kinfkx~ bdh }d

gilk ~}{mk`}~ ckix`.

]fxd{of kvzkxek`}eic i`m me~ndqkxu

ckixèò ~}{mk`}~ iny{exk

zxdhckg'~dcqeò ~lecc~ i~ }fku ckix`.

Kvzkxek`}eic i`m me~ndqkxu ck~~d`~ }ilk ~}{mk`}~

cdòkx< }fku wecc `d} hk ihck }d ndqkx icc }fk

xky{exkm gi}kxeic m{xeò }fk ~nfddc ukix.

^}{mk`}~ ixk in}eqkcu e`qdcqkm

e` ckixèò< nd`~ky{k`}cu#

gdxk ckixèò }ilk~ zcink.

D`cu }fk hxeof} ~}{mk`}~ wecc ckix`. cdwkx

~}{mk`}~ wecc `d} hk ihck }d ao{xk d{} wfi} }fku

ixk ~{zzd~km }d ckix` i`m hkndgk x{~}xi}km.

^}{mk`}'nk`}kxkm ckixèò iccdw~ ~}{mk`}~

gdxk kvehece}u e` imiz}eò }fkex ckixèò

gk}fdm~ }d a} }fkex e`meqem{ic ckixèò ~}uck~

Zciueò oigk~ i`m oxd{z in}eqe}ek~

~kkg celk zciu< ~}{mk`}~ wecc `d} }ilk

~nfddcwdxl ~kxed{~cu.

_fk` ~}{mk`}~ k`bdu }fk ckixèò

zxdnk~~ }fku ixk ck~~ celkcu }d ge~hkfiqk.

]kinfkx~ wecc cd~k ink e }fku ixk

`d} }fk z{xqkudx~ d l`dwckmok.

^}{mk`}~ iny{exk zci`èò i`m

mkne~ed`'gileò ~lecc~ i~ }fku

zix}enezi}k e` ~}{mk`}'nk`}kxkm ckixèò.

]fk ì}edìc ~uccih{~ zxk~nxehk~ wfi}

~}{mk`}~ g{~} ckix`. ^}{mk`}~ geof} `d}

nfdd~k }d ckix` wfi} e~ ce~}km e` }fk ~uccih{~.

^}{mk`}~ }k`m }d fkcz kinf

d}fkx i`m ckix` }d wdxl }dok}fkx.

D{x ~nfddc mdk~ `d} fiqk }fk gi}kxeic~ kkmkm

}d egzckgk`} ~}{mk`}'nk`}kxkm in}eqe}ek~.

^}{mk`}'nk`}kxkm ckixèò z{}~ }fk

dn{~ d` }fk ~}{mk`} i`m ckixèò.

]kinfkx~ fiqk `d} hkk` }i{of} fdw }d

}kinf i`m {~k ~}{mk`}'nk`}kxkm gk}fdm~.

^}{mk`}'nk`}kxkm ckixèò hk}}kx inndggdmi}k~

~}{mk`}~ wfd ixk i} mekxk`} ckqkc~ d {`mkx~}i`meò.

I~~eoèò oximk~ e~ gdxk men{c} wfk`

icc ~}{mk`}~ ixk d} mdeò }fk ~igk }feò.

]fkxk e~ i hci`l }kgzci}k da }fe~ nfix} i} }fk k`m da }fe~ nfiz}kx.

Nfiòke~zd~~ehck

Ic}fd{of nfiòk e~ ~dgk}egk ~cdw i`m men{c}# e} e~ zd~~ehck. ^dgk

Qdc{`}kkx~ ad{`m }fi} we}f }fk ~{zzdx} da }fkex fd~} nd{`}xek~

geè~}xu da km{ni}ed`# nfiòk wi~ wkcndgkm i`m k`nd{xiokm.

E` }fk Mdgeèni` Xkz{hcen i`m e` Lexehi}e# geè~}xek~ da km{ni}ed`

ixk in}eqkcu ~{zzdx}eò `kw i`m e``dqi}eqk }kinfeò }knfèy{k~

e` }fkex ~nfddc~. Qdc{`}kkx~ e` }fk Mdgeèni` Xkz{hcen wdxl we}f

}kinfkx~ }d egzckgk`} Y{i`}{g Ckixèò }knfèy{k~}fk {~k


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Zkink Ndxz~ >5

da `k{xdndoè}eqk ~}xi}koek~ }d givegerk gkgdxu xk}k`}ed` hu

niz}{xeò ~}{mk`}~ e`}kxk~} i`m i}}k`}ed`# ~fixeò i ndggd`

kvzkxek`nk# i`m ce`leò `kw ckixèò we}f zxedx l`dwckmok.

Qdc{`}kkx~ e` Lexehi}e gdmkc ckix`kx nk`}kxkm in}eqe}ek~. I ~}{mk`}

&dx ckix`kx%'nk`}kxkm izzxdinf kgzdwkx~ ~}{mk`}~ &ckix`kx~%

}d }ilk xk~zd`~ehece}u adx }fkex dw` ckixèò. ]kinfkx~ ainece}i}k

ckixèò hu mkqkcdzeò in}eqe}ek~ i`m gi}kxeic~ xkckqi`} }d }fk

~}{mk`}~ kkm~ i`m e`}kxk~}~. ]fe~ le`m da ~{zzdx} e~ k~zkneiccu

egzdx}i`} e` n{c}{xk~ wfkxk i{}fdxe}u e~ feofcu xkoixmkm.

kvigzc~ im ]c~

îgzck Dqkxndgeò Xk~e~}i`nk }d Nfiòk Nfix}

[~k }fe~ }kgzci}k }d xkqkic ixki~ da xk~e~}i`nk i`m mk}kxge`k

~}xi}koek~ adx dqkxndgeò }fk xk~e~}i`nk.

Dqkxndgeò Xk~e~}i`nk }d Nfiòk

Ixki~ d Xk~e~}i`nk Xki~d`~ dx Xk~e~}i`nk ^}xi}koek~ dx Dqkxndgeò Xk~e~}i`nk



48/140


49/140

Zkink Ndxz~ =9

N I Z ] k X >

^}xi}koek~ adx Nci~~xddg Giìokgk`}

_fi} Md Ud{ ]fe`l4

[~eò ud{x zxedx l`dwckmok ihd{} nci~~xddg

giìokgk`} i`m wfi} ud{ fiqk dh~kxqkm ~d ix e`

ud{x fd~} nd{`}xu# ndgzck}k }fk in}eqe}u hkcdw.

_fi} ~}xi}koek~ nxki}k i nci~~xddg }fi} zxdgd}k~ ~}{mk`}

ckixèò4 Ce~} }fkg.


TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT





>. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT



=. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT



Me~n{~~ }fk ~}xi}koek~ ud{ ce~}km we}f ud{x nd{`}kxzix}

dx d}fkx fd~} nd{`}xu ndcckio{k~. Ixk }fkxk ic}kxì}eqk

~}xi}koek~ }fi} ud{x nd{`}kxzix} }fe`l~ geof} wdxl

hk}}kx4 ]dok}fkx# ~kckn} }wd dx }fxkk ~}xi}koek~ ud{

wi`} }d dn{~ d` m{xeò }fk }kxg.


50/140


=8 Zkink Ndxz~


Ud{x zxdin}eqk# izzxknei}eqk nci~~xddg giìokgk`}wecc ikn} ud{x ~}{mk`}~ zkxdxgi`nk. Egzckgk`}eò

}fk xeof} ~}xi}koek~ wecc gilk }fk mekxk`nk hk}wkk` i

ckix`kx'xek`mcu nci~~xddg i`m i me~dxoièrkm nci~~xddg.

^k} }fk }d`k }fk x~} wkkl d ~nfddc

K~}ihce~f xd{}e`k~ i`m x{ck~

Dxoièrk i ckix`kx'xek`mcu nci~~xddg

Gilk kqkxu ge`{}k nd{`}

Kòiok ~}{mk`}~ we}f zxdin}eqk ~}xi}koek~

]kinf cek ~lecc~ d oddm ckixèò fihe}~ i`m ~kc'xkcei`nk

Givegerk {~k d ~nixnk xk~d{xnk~

[~k zxdbkn} mk~eo` i`m giìokgk`} zxdnk~~k~

]fk nci~~xddg giìokgk`} emki~ e` }fe~ nfiz}kx ixk oxd{zkm e`}d

keof}ni}kodxek~. Me~nezce`k ~}xi}koek~ ixk ndqkxkm ci}kx e` Nfiz}kx =

i`m oximeò ~}xi}koek~ e` Nfiz}kx ;. Nd`~emkx fdw ud{ geof} imiz}

}fk emki~ }d ud{x nci~~xddg i~ ud{ xkim.

keof} ^}xi}oe~ ax Nci~~xg Giiog}

^}xi}kou 92 Nxki}k i` kkn}eqk ckixèò k`qexd`gk`}

Hk`bige` Axi`lce` ~iem2 I` d{`nk da zxkqk`}ed` e~ wdx}f i zd{`m

da n{xk. ]fe~ e~ zix}en{cixcu }x{k da i }kinfkx~ in}ed`~ m{xeò }fk

x~} wkkl da ~nfddc. ]fk kdx} i`m }egk ud{ z{} e`}d zci`èò

adx }fk ukix i`m }fe`leò }fxd{of zd}k`}eic ze}aicc~ wecc fkcz e`

}fk cdò x{`. Ea ud{ ixk d`k ~}kz ifkim da ud{x ~}{mk`}~ i`m

}fkex miu'}d'miu `kkm~# ud{ wecc giìok }fk {`kvzkn}km gdxk

~gdd}fcu wfk` e} ndgk~ icdò. ^}{mk`}~ wecc xkndoèrk i`m adccdw}fk nci~~xddg xd{}e`k kixcekx i`m gdxk ki~ecu ea ud{ ixk zxkzixkm.

^}{mk`}~ wecc ic~d ~kk }fi} ud{ ixk e` nfixok da ud{x nci~~xddg# ud{

fiqk feof kvzkn}i}ed`~ da }fkg i`m ud{ kvzkn} }fkg }d ~{nnkkm.


51/140

Zkink Ndxz~ =>

_fi}}dmd}fkx~}wkkld~nfddc

Zxkzixi}ed`

Ixxiòk }fk xddg }d ainece}i}k ud{x zxdvege}u }d ~}{mk`}~ i`mud{x gdhece}u.

Hk zxkzixkm) Ud{ md `d} uk} l`dw ud{x ~}{mk`}~ ihece}ek~ i`m

hkfiqedx~ ~d fiqk ic}kxì}eqk i`m hinl{z in}eqe}ek~ xkimu.

Ea ud{ ixk }kig }kinfeò# zci` we}f ud{x }kig }kinfkx i`m

ioxkk d` e`meqem{ic xk~zd`~ehece}ek~ }d gilk wdxleò }dok}fkx

e` }fk ~igk nci~~xddg gdxk knek`}.

Ncegi}k ~k}}eò

Oxkk} ~}{mk`}~ i} }fk nci~~xddg mddx i`m }kcc }fkg wfi} }d

md wfk` }fku k`}kx }fk nci~~xddg. Adx kvigzck# d` miu d`k#

e`}xdm{nk ud{x~kca# i~l }fkex ìgk~# i`m i~~eo` }fkex ~ki}~.

D` miu }wd# oxkk} ~}{mk`}~ hu ìgk wfk`kqkx zd~~ehck i`m

e`meni}k }fku ixk }d md }fk d`k'ge`{}k i~~eo`gk`} ud{ fiqk

wxe}}k` d` }fk hdixm i~ ~dd` i~ }fku ok} }d }fkex ~ki}~.

Ckix` kqkxu ~}{mk`}~ ìgk i`m ~dgk}feò ihd{} kinf ~}{mk`}i~ y{enlcu i~ ud{ ni`. [~k ìgk}io~# ok}}eò'iny{ie`}km

in}eqe}ek~# i`m$dx ~ki}eò nfix}~.

]kcc ~}{mk`}~ ihd{} ud{x~kca.

]kinf ~{hbkn} nd }k } axdg miu d`k.

Lkkz ck~~d`~ adn{~km i`m mdihck

adx }fk ckò}f da }fk nci~~. Nckixcu

ndgg{èni}k ckixèò dhbkn}eqk&~%# oeqk ~egzck e`~}x{n}ed`~# i`m

~}x{n}{xk ck~~d`~ }d inndggdmi}k ~}{mk`}~ l`dwckmok i`m ~lecc~. K`m nci~~ we}f i xd{}e`k }fi} ~{ggixerk~ }fk miu~

inndgzce~fgk`}~# xkge`m~ ~}{mk`}~ wfi} }fku `kkm }d md }d

zxkzixk adx }fk `kv} miu# k`~{xk~ gi}kxeic~ ixk z{} iwiu# i`m

ckiqk~ }fk xddg ncki`.

Nxki}k ndgg{è}u

Mkqkcdz i ~k} da wxe}}k` hkfiqedx kvzkn}i}ed`~ &x{ck~

i`m zxdnkm{xk~% we}f }fk nci~~ }fi} ud{ ni` ceqk we}f i`mnd`~e~}k`}cu kàdxnk.

K~}ihce~f nddzkxi}eqk ckixèò oxd{z~# oeqk }ez~ adx wdxleò i~

i oxd{z# i`m zxin}enk oxd{z wdxl hu inndgzce~feò `kkmkm

}i~l~ &k.o.# dxoièreò ckixèò nk`}kx~# mkndxi}eò }fk xddg#

~{ook~}eò nci~~ x{ck~ i`m nd`~ky{k`nk~# k}n.%.

E} e~ ki~ekx }d cdd~k` }fi`

e} e~ }d }eof}k`.

Zkink Ndxz~$Giciwe



52/140


== Zkink Ndxz~

Gilk zixk`}~ ud{x iccek~ wfk` ud{ gkk} }fkg. Mk~nxehk ud{x

zd~e}eqk ~}{mk`} kvzkn}i}ed`~# hxeku kvzcie` nci~~xddg x{ck~#

i`m e`meni}k ud{x wecceò`k~~ }d gkk} we}f zixk`}~.

N{c}{xic d}k2 I~ ud{ zci` adx }fk aex~} wkkl da ~nfddc# nd`~emkxn{c}{xic i`m ~nfddc `dxg~. Oi}fkx eàdxgi}ed` axdg }kinfeòndcckio{k~ ihd{} cdnic nci~~xddg x{ck~ i`m zxdnkm{xk~. ]xu}d e`ndxzdxi}k giù da }fk~k aigeceix zxin}enk~ e`}d ud{x

nci~~xddg giìokgk`} zci` }d givegerk ~}{mk`}~ ndgadx}ckqkc we}f i adxkeo` }kinfkx.

K~}ihce~feò nci~~xddg x{ck~

]kinfkx~ ixk {c}egi}kcu xk~zd`~ehck adx nci~~xddg x{ck~.@kw

}kinfkx~ dx }kinfkx~ e` i `kw n{c}{xk ~fd{cm nd`~{c} kvzkxek`nkm

}kinfkx~ i`m adccdw }fkex kvigzck~ e` k~}ihce~feò nci~~xddg x{ck~.

Ud{x x{ck~ ~fd{cm `d} nd`}ximen} ~nfddc x{ck~. ]xu }d cege} ud{x x{ck~}d qk dx ~ev.

X{ck~

emk`}eau ~zknen kvzkn}i}ed`~ adx ok`kxic hkfiqedx~. Kkn}eqk nci~~xddg giìokgk`} xky{exk~ kqkxud`k }d

xk~zkn} }fk x{ck~.



54/140


=1 Zkink Ndxz~

îgzck Nci~~xddg X{ck~

Zxegixuckqkcnci~~xddgx{ck~

9. Xie~k ud{x fi`m }d ~zkil.

8. D`cu d`k zkx~d` ~zkil~ i} i }egk.

>. Md `d} ki}# ~ze}# dx ce}}kx e` }fk nci~~xddg.

=. Md `d} of}.

;. I~l zkxge~~ed` hkdxk ud{ ckiqk }fk nci~~xddg.

1. Xk~zkn} d}fkx zkdzck~ hkcdòeò~.

Zkink Ndxz~$]fk Oighei

^knd`mixu~nfddcnci~~xddgx{ck~

9. Nddzkxi}k we}f ud{x }kinfkx i`m nci~~gi}k~.

8. Xk~zkn} }fk xeof}~ i`m zxdzkx}u d d}fkx~.

>. Nixxu d{} ud{x ~}{mk`} xk~zd`~ehece}ek~2

Lkkz }xinl d ud{x dw` ~{zzcek~# hddl~# i`m i~~eo`gk`}~.I~l dx fkcz wfk` ud{ kkm e}.Md ud{x dw` wdxl.]{x` ud{x wdxl e` d` }egk.Innkz} xk~zd`~ehece}u dx oximk~ dx d}fkx nd`~ky{k`nk~.

Zkink Ndxz~$]dòi

Xkoieèònd`}xdcdud{xnci~~xddg

E} wecc fizzk`# ud{ wecc cd~k nd`}xdc da ud{x nci~~xddg. E} fizzk`~

}d hd}f e`kvzkxek`nkm i`m kvzkxek`nkm }kinfkx~. Xkndoèrk }fk

zxdhckg i`m gilk i zci` }d xk'k~}ihce~f dxmkx. Ea izzxdzxei}k# ud{

giu wi`} }d ~}dz e` i`m }icl }d i ndcckio{k# Zkink Ndxz~ ~}i# dx

~nfddc dneic wfd ni` fkcz ~{zzdx} ud{x kdx}~ }d xkoie` nd`}xdcda ud{x nci~~xddg.

Ea }fkxk ixk b{~} d`k dx }wd ~}{mk`}~ wfd ixk me~x{z}eò }fk

nci~~xddg# ud{ giu wi`} }d adn{~ d` }fd~k ~}{mk`}~# xi}fkx

}fi` }fk wfdck nci~~. ]icl }d }fk ~}{mk`}~ d{}~emk da nci~~# nicc i


55/140

Zkink Ndxz~ =?

ndàkxk`nk we}f nd'}kinfkx~# zixk`}~# dx ~nfddc imgeè~}xi}dx~# dx

wfi}kqkx e~ izzxdzxei}k e` ud{x ndgg{è}u.

Ea ud{ `kkm }d ~}ix} dqkx we}f }fk wfdck nci~~# adccdw }fk~k ~}kz~.

Ok} i oddm èof}~ ~ckkz.

Xkqekw }fk nci~~xddg x{ck~ i`m zxdnkm{xk~ ioie`# d` ud{x

dw`. Ud{ geof} `kkm }d xkqe~k }fkg we}f ud{x ~}{mk`}~.

Z{} d` ud{x h{~e`k~~ aink i`m od }d ~nfddc xkimu }d hk xg#

h{} zd~e}eqk.

Xkqekw }fk nci~~xddg x{ck~ i`m zxdnkm{xk~ we}f ud{x

~}{mk`}~. Gilk ~{xk }fku {`mkx~}i`m wfi} ud{x kvzkn}i}ed`~

ixk i`m fdw }d adccdw }fk x{ck~ izzxdzxei}kcu. Hk i~~kx}eqk

i`m nd`mk`}.

D`nk ud{ fiqk xkqekwkm }fk x{ck~# hk nd`~e~}k`} e`

kàdxneò }fkg. Eè}eiccu# k~}ihce~f i rkxd'}dckxi`nk zdcenu

}dwixm iù }xi`~oxk~~dx~.

]ileò hinl ud{x nci~~xddg ni` hk egzckgk`}km iù }egk m{xeò

}fk ukix. E} e~ nficckòeò# h{} lkkz e` ge`m }fi} }fk }egk ud{ }ilk

}d xk'k~}ihce~f dxmkx i`m nicg`k~~ e` ud{x nci~~xddg wecc }xi`~ci}k

e`}d oxki}kx zxdm{n}eqe}u i`m ckixèò infekqkgk`} ci}kx e` }fk ukix.

^}xi}kou 82 K~}ihce~f nci~~xddg zxdnkm{xk~

Nci~~xddg zxdnkm{xk~ ndgg{ eni}k fdw }d md miecu in}eqe}ek~.

]kinf i`m gdmkc zxdnkm{xk~ {`}ec }fku ixk xd{}e`k.

^{ook~}ed`~ axdg Zkink Ndxz~$@kzic

_xe}k ~}kz'hu'~}kz e`~}x{n}ed`~ dx }fk in}eqe}u.

îu }fk ~}kz~ dx xkim }fkg icd{m.

^fdw }fk ~}kz~ qe~{iccu e` wxe}eò dx }fxd{of ecc{~}xi}ed`~.

Mkgd`~}xi}k kinf ~}kz dx fiqk i ~}{mk`} mkgd`~}xi}k.

Fiqk }fk wfdck nci~~ zxin}enk {`}ec kinf ~}{mk`} gi~}kx~ }fk

zxdnkm{xk i`m e} hkndgk~ i xd{}e`k.

E `knk~~ixu# xk}kinf zxdnkm{xk~.



56/140


=6 Zkink Ndxz~

Qe~{ic Xkge`mkx~

Fkxk e~ i {~k{c in}eqe}u }d }kinf zxdnkm{xk~ i`mfkcz xke`dxnk }fkg }fxd{ofd{} }fk }kxg. Meqemk

ud{x nci~~ e`}d ~gicc oxd{z~. Kinf oxd{z e~ i~~eo`km }fk

}i~l d gileò i qe~{ic xkge`mkx &zkxfiz~ i zd~}kx% }d

~fdw }fk ~}kz~ e` i nci~~xddg zxdnkm{xk. ]fk~k qe~{ic

xkge`mkx~ ixk me~zciukm e` }fk nci~~xddg. _fk`

i ~}{mk`} iec~ }d dccdw i zxdnkm{xk# ud{ md`} `kkm }d ~iu i

wdxmok} fe~ dx fkx i}}k`}ed` i`m zde`} }d }fk ~}kz ge~~km.

]kinf zxdnkm{xk~ adx xd{}e`k~ e` }fk nci~~xddg ~d }fi}

}fk k`qexd`gk`} e~ zxkmen}ihck i`m wkcc ~}x{n}{xkm.

Zxdnkm{xk , Zxin}enk 7 Xd{}e`k

Zkink Ndxz~$^d{}f Ixeni[~kizxdnkm{xk}dhkoe`~}{mk`}wdxl

Adx kvigzck

Fiqk ~}{mk`}~ ~e} i} }fkex mk~l~ dx e` }fkex oxd{z~.

Fiqk kqkxud`k ok} d{} }fk gi}kxeic~ `kkmkm.

Gilk ~{xk icc kuk~ ixk d` ud{{~k `d`qkxhic n{k~.

Zde`} }d zd~}km i~~eo`gk`} i`m ~}i}k e`~}x{n}ed`~.

]k~} {`mkx~}i`meò hu i~leò ~}{mk`}~# _fi} e~ }fk x~} ~}kz4dx _fi} ixk ud{ ~{zzd~km }d md `dw4

_dxl }fk x~} akw y{k~}ed`~ dx zxdhckg~ i~ i nci~~ i`m fiqk

~}{mk`}~ xkndxm }fk i`~wkx&~%.

_icl ixd{`m }fk nci~~xddg {`}ec ud{ ixk ~{xk icc ~}{mk`}~ ixk

d` }i~l.

]fkxk e~ i ~igzck nci~~xddg zxdnkm{xk~ zci`èò o{emk i} }fk k`m

da }fe~ nfiz}kx.


57/140

Zkink Ndxz~ =5

^}xi}kou >2 Nxki}k i gd}eqi}edìc k`qexd`gk`}

]fk adccdwe o nci~~xddg nd`me}ed`~ i`m ~}xi}koek~ wecc fkcz nxki}k

i nci~~xddg ncegi}k }fi} k`nd{xiok~ ckixèò.

Nxki}k i` i}}xin}eqk# k`xenfkm k`qexd`gk`}. Ok} ~}{mk`}~

e`qdcqkm hu i~leò }fkg }d mkndxi}k }fkex dw` nci~~xddg. [~k

~}{mk`} wdxl }d mkndxi}k wfk` zd~~ehck# }d qicemi}k }fk wdxl

i`m }d ~fdw kvigzck~ da oddm wdxl.

Mkqkcdz ck~~d`~ i} i ckqkc }fi} nficckòk~ ~}{mk`}~ h{} e~ `d}

}dd men{c} dx ndà{~eò.

Oeqk nckix mexkn}ed`~. I~l ~}{mk`} }d xkzki} }fk mexkn}ed`~. Kòiok icc ~}{mk`}~ in}eqkcu. Adx kvigzck# wfeck d`k ~}{mk`}

gilk~ i zxk~k`}i}ed`# d}fkx ~}{mk`}~ }ilk `d}k~ dx {~k i x{hxen

}d i~~k~~ }fk zxk~k`}i}ed`.

Mkgd`~}xi}k nd`~e~}k`}cu }fi} ud{ hkcekqk icc ~}{mk`}~ wecc

ckix`. Adx kvigzck# {~k ~fdx} zd~e}eqk wdxm~ }d zxie~k oddm

wdxl i`m hkfiqedx &k.o.# oxki} emki# ai`}i~}en# oddm bdh#

~k`~i}edìc# ~{zkx%. Hk}}kx uk}# ea ud{ }kinf e` i cdnic ciò{iok#

hxie`~}dxg we}f ~}{mk`}~ wdxm~ da zxie~k e` }fkex ciò{ioki`m {~k }fkg.

]kinf }d mekxk`} ckixèò ~}uck~. Adx kvigzck# wxe}k lku wdxm~

d` }fk hdixm dx {~k i meioxig dx qe~{ic# i`m ~d d`.

Gilk ckixèò e`}xe`~eniccu e`}kxk~}eò hu xkci}eò ck~~d`

nd`}k`} }d }fk ~}{mk`}~ ceak i`m cdnic k`qexd`gk`}. Adx

kvigzck# gilk nd``kn}ed`~ hk}wkk` }fk ck~~d` i`m cdnic

n{xxk`} kqk`}~ dx ndggd` ceak kvzkxek`nk~ e` }fi} xkoed`. [~k qeqem# `dqkc# dx mekxk`} i}}k`}ed` ok}}kx~ i} }fk hkoe`èò da

}fk ck~~d`. [~k dhbkn}~ dx zen}{xk~# fiqk ~}{mk`}~ xkim i zdkg dx

y{d}k~# fiqk i meioxig d` }fk hdixm# dx zciu ~dgk g{~en.

Qixu ck~~d` zxk~k`}i}ed`~ }d lkkz }kinfeò axdg odeò ~}ick.

Cege} ckn}{xk~ dx zxk~k`}i}ed`~ }d 9; ge`{}k~ hkadxk mexkn}eò

i ~}{mk`} in}eqe}u. Hxkil }fk nci~~ zkxedm e`}d }wd dx }fxkk

mekxk`} in}eqe}ek~ &k.o.# ckn}{xk# oxd{z wdxl# xkzdx} d{}%. Hk

~{xk kinf in}eqe}u ~ko{k~ ~gdd}fcu e`}d }fk `kv}.



58/140


;: Zkink Ndxz~

^}x{n}{xk ckixèò kvzkxek`nk~ ~d ~}{mk`}~ akkc ~{nnk~~a{c.

Mkqkcdz in}eqe}ek~ i} i` izzxdzxei}k ckqkc da men{c}u i`m

nd`~emkx wiu~ }fku ni` zix}enezi}k i} }wd dx }fxkk ckqkc~ ~d icc

~}{mk`}~ ni` ~{nnkkm.

^k} nckix hkfiqedx kvzkn}i}ed`~ i`m nd`~e~}k`}cu xkeàdxnk

kvzkn}i}ed`~.

Gdxk }fi` 8#::: ukix~ iod# }fk Nfe`k~k zfecd~dzfkx Nd`{ne{~

&;;9'=?5 HN% ~iem# Ud{ fkix i`m ud{ dxok}# ud{ ~kk i`m ud{

xkgkghkx# ud{ md i`m ud{ {`mkx~}i`m. Xk~kixnf fi~ nd`xgkm fe~

wdxm~. Fkcz ud{x ~}{mk`}~ ckix` hk}}kx hu icwiu~ fiqeò }fkg md

~dgk}feò we}f nd`}k`} ud{ ixk }kinfeò.

Xk~kixnf nd`m{n}km hu Kmoix Mick e` }fk 951:~ ~fdwkm }fi} wfi} wk

xknicc axdg ckixèò mkzk`m~ oxki}cu d` fdw }fk ckix`kx e`}kxin}km

we}f }fk ckixèò gi}kxeic. ]uzeniccu# wk xkgkghkx 9: zkxnk`} da wfi}

wk ckix`km e` i zi~~eqk gi``kx &k.o.# ckn}{xk# xkimeò# dh~kxqeò% h{}wk xkgkghkx 5: zkxnk`} da wfi} wk ckix` hu in}eqkcu kòioeò we}f

}fk gi}kxeic &k.o.# ~eg{ci}ed`~# in}eqk kvzkxegk`}~# zkxadxgeò%. Mick~

Nd`k da Ckixèò ecc{~}xi}k~ fdw g{nf wk xkgkghkx da wfi} wk

ckix`km hu }fk qixed{~ gk}fdm~ ce~}km hkcdw.9

9 Mick# K.I{med'Qe~{ic Gk}fdm~ e` ]kinfeò# &>xm km%. I{~}e`# ]V2 Fdc}# Xe`kfix}# i`m

_e`~}d`. 9515.

Xkim &9:+%

Fkix &8:+%

^kk &>:+%

Fkix i`m ^kk &;:+%

îu &?:+%

îu i`m Md &5:+%


59/140

Zkink Ndxz~ ;9

]fe~ ckixèò zuxigem ~fdw~ xk}k`}ed` xi}k~ adx qixed{~ }kinfeò

gk}fdmdcdoek~.

ckn}{xk &;+%xkimeò &9:+%

i{med'qe~{ic &8:+%

mkgd`~}xi}ed` &>:+%

me~n{~~ed` oxd{z &;:+%

zxin}enk hu mdeò &?;+%

}kinf d}fkx~$eggkmei}k {~k &5:+%

^}{mk`} Xkkn}ed` In}eqe}u

]fk dccdweò in}eqe}u wecc fkcz xkqkic zi~} km{ni}edìc

kvzkxek`nk~ }fi} ~}{mk`}~ xkgkghkx zd~e}eqkcu. E} ic~d

fkcz~ ~}{mk`}~ dn{~ d` }fkex zd~e}eqk ~nfddc kvzkxek`nk~.

E`~}x{n}ed`~2 Xkim i`m xk~zd`m }d }fk adccdweò y{k~}ed`~.

Md `d} {~k ìgk~ da zi~} }kinfkx~. Hk ~zknen i`m fd`k~}

e` ud{x xk~zd`~k~.

9. _fi} ~nfddc kqk`} wecc ud{ xkgkghkx adx giù ukix~ }d

ndgk4 _fi} fizzk`km }fi} ud{ xkgkghkx ~d nckixcu4

8. Ce~} }fk ~zkneic y{ice}ek~ da ud{x HK^]}kinfkx.

>. Ce~} }fk ~zkneic y{ice}ek~ da ud{x AIQDXE]K}kinfkx.

=. Ud{ wilk {z }dgdxxdw gdxèò i`m UD[ixk }fk }kinfkx._fi} oddm emki~ wd{cm ud{ hxeò }d ud{x nci~~xddg4

Adccdw'{zemki~

I~l }fk ~}{mk`}~ }d nd`~emkx }fkex ce~} da oddm emki~ adx }fk

nci~~xddg axdg y{k~}ed` =. I~l }fkg }d ~{ook~} wiu~ e` wfenf

ud{ nd{cm e`ndxzdxi}k ~dgk da }fk oddm emki~ }fku fiqk e`}d

ud{x nci~~xddg.

^fixk }fk xk~{c}~ da }fk in}eqe}u we}f ud{x akccdw }kinfkx~ i`mfkimgi~}kx. Ncixeau iù eàdxgi}ed` axdg }fk in}eqe}u }fi} ud{

geof} `d} {`mkx~}i`m.

Xkkn} d` ud{x }kinfeò. Ixk }fkxk iù y{ice}ek~ }fk ~}{mk`}~

celk }fi} ud{ nd{cm e`ndxzdxi}k e` ud{x ~}uck4



60/140


;8 Zkink Ndxz~

^}xi}kou =2 Gilk kqkxu ge`{}k nd{`}

Hkoe` d` }egk. K`m d` }egk. I akw ge`{}k~ da nci~~ }egk ~iqkm

kqkxu miu nd{cm imm {z }d fd{x~ da imme}edìc inimkgen e`~}x{n}ed`hu }fk k`m da }fk ~nfddc ukix.

]dgivegerkckixèòi`m}kinfeò}egk

Zci` kinf ck~~d` e` imqi`nk. _kcc'mk~eo`km ck~~d` zci`~ fiqk

nckix ckixèò dhbkn}eqk~ i`m zxdqemk gkièòa{c in}eqe}ek~ adx

~}{mk`}~ }d xkinf }fk dhbkn}eqk.

_xe}k ckixèò dhbkn}eqk~# kvigzck~# zxdhckg~# k}n.# d` }fk

hdixm# ez'nfix} zizkx# dx xknunckm nixmhdixm hkadxk nci~~. Meqemk ud{x hdixm e`}d }fxkk ~kn}ed`~2 &9% }fk cka} ~emk

adx dxoièri}edìc zde`}~ &mi}k# dhbkn}eqk~# e`~}x{n}ed`~#

fdgkwdxl%< &8% }fk nk`}xic i`m cixok~} ~kn}ed`

adx dòdeò wdxl }fi} ni` hk kxi~km i~ }fk

ck~~d` zxdoxk~~k~< i`m &>% }fk xeof} ~kn}ed`

adx xkakxk`nk zde`}~ wfenf ~}{mk`}~ `kkm

}fxd{ofd{} }fk ck~~d`.

Hkoe` nci~~ we}f hkcc wdxl# wfenf ~}{mk`}~ hkoe` i~ ~ddì~ }fku k`}kx }fk xddg. ]i~l~ giu hk xkci}km }d }fk zxkqed{~

ck~~d` dx xkci}km }d }fk ck~~d` da }fk miu. Adx kvigzck#

~}{mk`}~ ni` ndzu }fk ckixèò dhbkn}eqk~ adx }dmiu~ ck~~d`#

ndzu i meioxig dx i ce~} da wdxm~ e`}d }fkex `d}khddl# dx wxe}k

}fk gd~} egzdx}i`} }feò ckix`km m{xeò uk~}kxmiu~ ck~~d`.

îqk }egk hu }ileò xdcc wfeck ~}{mk`}~ ixk wdxleò# {~eò

i ~ki}eò nfix} dx mkckoi}eò }fk }i~l }d i }kig }kinfkx dx

~}{mk`} iemk. Gilk }fk ~}{mk`} iemk da }fk wkkl xk~zd`~ehck adx fi`meò d{}

i`m zenleò {z zizkx~ i`m ~{zzcek~.

Hk zxkzixkm we}f i` kgkxok`nu ck~~d` dx in}eqe}u. Fiqk i`

dxoièrkm zci` ea ud{x zci``km ck~~d` adx }fk miu x{`~ ~fdx} dx

ud{ `kkm }d cc }egk. ]egk wecc `d} hk wi~}km i`m ~}{mk`}~ wecc

`d} ok} hdxkm i`m in} d{}.

Fiqk in}eqe}ek~ xkimu adx ~}{mk`}~ wfd è~f }fkex wdxl kixcu

hddl~ adx zxkakxxkm xkimeò# a{` wdxl~fkk}~# ckixèò oigk~#dx ix} gi}kxeic~.

[~k fdgkwdxl adcmkx~. ^}{mk`}~ zcink }fkex ndgzck}km

fdgkwdxl e` }fkex adcmkx i`m xkgdqk }fkex nfknlkm wdxl.

_fk` me~}xeh{}eò wdxl~fkk}~# zcink ndzek~ e` adcmkx~ da

ih~k`} ~}{mk`}~< wdxl e~ xkimu adx }fk ~}{mk`}~ xk}{x`.

Nci~~ }egk e~ }fk

gd~} qic{ihck

nci~~xddg xk~d{xnk.


61/140

Zkink Ndxz~ ;>

Ic}kxì}eqk I}}k`mi`nk ]ileò

Zxkzixk i }inl hdixm we}f ~}{mk`}~ ìgk~ d` }fkck}. Kinf miu# zd~} i ~fdx} i`~wkx y{k~}ed`. I~ ~}{mk`}~

k`}kx# }fku ni` wxe}k }fkex i`~wkx~ d` i ~}xez d zizkx i`m

}inl }fkex ~}xez~ `kv} }d }fkex ìgk~. Y{k~}ed`~ ni` hk {`

dx ni` xkqekw }fk zxkqed{~ ck~~d`.

Zci`# h{} hk kvehck)^dgk Qdc{`}kkx~ `m }fi} `d gi}}kx fdw

fixm }fku }d }xu }d hk eàdxgkm i`m e` }fk ndgg{èni}ed` cddz

we}f d}fkx ain{c}u gkghkx~# }fku ixk ~{xzxe~km hu e`}kxx{z}ed`~}d xko{cix nci~~ }egk. I` {`l`dw` fdcemiu# ~nfddc kcm }xez# ~nfddc

nfecmxk`~ zxk~k`nk xky{exkm }d wkcndgk i meoè}ixu }d }dw`# i

~nfddc wdxlmiu# dx d}fkx kqk`}~ giu me~x{z} ud{x zci`~. Imqenk2

zci` ~dgk kvehece}u e`}d ud{x ~nfkm{ck)

^}xi}kou ;2 Lkkz kqkxud`k kòiokm

Nficckòeò ~}{mk`}~ }d }fe`l in}eqkcu e`qdcqk~ }fkg e` ckixèò

i`m mkqkcdz~ nxe}enic ~lecc~. Kvzkn} hd}f cdw i`m feof infekqkx~ }d

zix}enezi}k e` nci~~xddg me~n{~~ed`~ i`m i`~wkx y{k~}ed`~.

Emki~}dk`nd{xiokiccz{zec~}d}fe`l

I~l i y{k~}ed`# wie} }fxkk }d qk ~knd`m~ &wie} }egk%# }fk` nicc

d` i ~}{mk`}. _ie} }egk k`nd{xiok~ gdxk }fd{of}{c xk~zd`~k~

i`m iccdw~ ~cdwkx# i~ wkcc i~ y{enlkx# ~}{mk`}~ }d xk~zd`m.

[~k }fk knfd }knfèy{k2 d`k ~}{mk`} oeqk~ i` i`~wkx i`m ud{ nicc

d` i`d}fkx ~}{mk`} }d xkzki} e}. Bdf`# }kcc {~ wfi} îxi ~iem. Gei#xkzfxi~k Genfikc~ i`~wkx adx {~.]fe~ zxdnk~~ xke`dxnk~ ndxxkn}

i`~wkx~# e`qdcqk~ gdxk ~}{mk`}~# i`m egzxdqk~ ce~}kèò ~lecc~.

K`nd{xiok i ~}{mk`} }d }xu i`m i`~wkx }fk y{k~}ed`. ]ilk i xe~l.

E }fe`l ud{ l`dw e}. Ndgg{èni}k~ e} e~ DL }d gilk i ge~}ilk.

Zxie~k ndxxkn} i`~wkx~. Oxki} }fe`leò) D{}~}i`meò) _kcc

md`k) ^fdw~ }kinfkx hkcekqk~ ~}{mk`} e~ i ~{nnk~~{c ckix`kx.

Zxdgz} ~}{mk`}~ }fe`leò. Hi~km d` wfi} wk ckix`km \xkim#fkixmW# wfi} md ud{ }fe`l wecc fizzk` `kv}4 K`nd{xiok~

~}{mk`}~ }d }fe`l ifkim i`m ce`l~ zi~} ckixèò }d {}{xk ckixèò.

Gilk ~{xk zxdnkm{xk~ ixk {`mkx~}ddm. _k ixk odeò }d nxki}k

meicdo{k~ e` oxd{z~. _fd ni` xkge`m {~ fdw wk ixk odeò

}d md }fe~4 D`k ~}{mk`} oeqk~ eàdxgi}ed`# i`d}fkx xkzki}~.

Xky{exk~ ~}{mk`}~ }d xknicc mexkn}ed`~ dx nkx}ie` }uzk~ d in}eqe}ek~.



62/140


;= Zkink Ndxz~

Nxki}k i y{k~}ed` hdv. Zcink icc ~}{mk`}~ ìgk~ e` i hdv i`m

mxiw i ìgk }d i`~wkx }fk y{k~}ed`. D`nk icc ìgk~ fiqk

hkk` nicckm i`m }fk hdv e~ kgz}u# zcink icc ìgk~ hinl e` }fk

hdv i`m ~}ix} dqkx. Gilk~ ~{xk icc ~}{mk`}~ ixk i~lkm y{k~}ed`~

i`m lkkz~ ~}{mk`}~ e` ~{~zk`~k i~ }d wfd wecc hk nicckm d` `kv}.

Zd~k i y{k~}ed` i`m gdqk ud{x oirk }d ~kqkxic mekxk`}

~}{mk`}~ m{xeò }fk wie} }egk hkadxk ~kckn}eò i ~}{mk`} }d

i`~wkx.Imm~ mxigi }d y{k~}edèò.

[~k }d}ic oxd{z nfdxic xk~zd`~k. I~l i y{k~}ed` i`m }fk`

}wexc ud{x e`mkv òkx e` i nexnck }d ~eoìc }d }fk nci~~ }fi} ud{

wi`} i }d}ic oxd{z xk~zd`~k. ]fe~ zxin}enk fkcz~ lkkz }fk nci~~e`qdcqkm i`m imm~ qixek}u }d y{k~}ed` ~k~~ed`~. &Gilk ~{xk }fe~

ok~}{xk e~ `d} n{c}{xiccu dk`~eqk.%

Nxki}k i ~}{mk`}'}d'~}{mk`} nfie`.

Nicc d` i ~}{mk`} }d i`~wkx }fk

y{k~}ed`. ]fi} ~}{mk`} }fk` zd~k~

i mekxk`} y{k~}ed` }d i`d}fkx

~}{mk`}# i`m ~d d`. ]fe~ gk}fdm

~}xk}nfk~ }fk xk~zd`mkx~ }fe`leòhu fiqeò feg dx fkx i~l i`d}fkx

~}{mk`} i xkckqi`} y{k~}ed`.

Zi~~ i hki`hio &dx d}fkx dhbkn}#

~{nf i~ i }icleò ~}enl%. I~l }fk nci~~ i y{k~}ed`# zi{~k &wie}

}egk%# i`m }fk` zi~~ }fk dhbkn} }d i ~}{mk`}. ]fk ~}{mk`} i`~wkx~

}fk y{k~}ed` &dx `d}% i`m xk}{x`~ }fk ~}enl }d ud{ dx }d i`d}fkx

~}{mk`}. [~k nxki}eqk qixei}ed`~# ~{nf i~ ~}{mk`} }d ~}{mk`}. ]fe~

e~ {` i`m zfu~eniccu e`qdcqk~ ~}{mk`}~. Fiqk }fk nci~~ e`meni}k ea }fk i`~wkx e~ ndxxkn} dx e`ndxxkn}. Ia}kx

i ~}{mk`} dx oxd{z i`~wkx~# i~l# Md ud{ ioxkk# nci~~4 }{mk`}~

~fdw ioxkkgk`} dx me~ioxkkgk`} hu {~eò zxkqed{~cu ioxkkm

{zd` ok~}{xk~# ~{nf i~ d`k fi`m {z ea }fk i`~wkx wi~ ndxxkn}#

cddleò mdw` ea e} wi~ wxdò. Hk nixka{c da }fk ok~}{xk~ ud{

nfdd~k< ~fdweò }f{gh~ {z# }f{gh~ mdw`# adx kvigzck# giu

hk eìzzxdzxei}k ok~}{xk~ e` ~dgk n{c}{xk~. ]fe~ }knfèy{k lkkz~

icc ~}{mk`}~ e`qdcqkm i`m fi~ }fk immkm imqi`}iok d oeqeò }fk}kinfkx i` e`~}i`} nfknl d` }fk ~}{mk`}~ {`mkx~}i`meò.

Ndxxkn} ~}{mk`}~ e`ndxxkn} i`~wkx~ e` wiu~ }d k`nd{xiok }fkex

nd`}e`{km zix}enezi}ed` e` }fk ckixèò zxdnk~~. ]xu ~dgk d }fk

dccdweò }knfèy{k~.


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Zkink Ndxz~ ;;

î`mwenf }knfèy{k2 @koi}eqk eàdxgi}ed` e~ ~i`mwenfkm

hk}wkk` }wd zd~e}eqk ~}i}kgk`}~. Kvigzck2

]fk x~} xdw da zxdhckg~ e~ ndxxkn}.@{ghkx 98 `kkm~ wdxl.

]fk xk~} cddl~ oxki}.

Xk~zd`m we}f i y{k~}ed`2 Ixk ud{ ~{xk }fk Kix}f e~ }fk

cixok~} zci`k}4

I~l2_fi} ckim~ ud{ }d }fi} nd`nc{~ed`4

Qicemi}k }fkex }fd{of} zxdnk~~2E ~kk fdw ud{ geof} }fe`l

}fi}# h{} mem ud{ nd`~emkx 4

Zxie~k }fk ~}{mk }~ wecceò`k~~ }d }xu i` i`~wkx2Ud{ wkxk

hxiqk }d }xu# h{} e} wi~ `d} }fk xeof} i`~wkx.

Oeqk nc{k~}d fkcz }fk ~}{mk`} me~ndqkx }fk i`~wkx.

D`nk }fk ~}{mk`} fi~ me~ndqkxkm }fk xeof} i`~wkx# xkzki}

}fk y{k~}ed`# fiqk }fk ~}{mk`} xkzki} }fk xeof} i`~wkx# i`m

zxdqemk zxie~k.

A{` adx Ud{òkx ^}{mk`}~

îqk wddmk` ~}enl~ dx n{} ~}enl~ d{} d nixmhdixm dx nkxkic

hdvk~. _xe}k kinf ~}{mk`}~ ìgk d` i ~}enl. &Ud{ geof}

fiqk }fk ~}{mk`}~ md }fe~ }fkg~kcqk~ i`m mkndxi}k }fk

~}enl~.% Z{} ~}enl~ e` i bix d` ud{x mk~l. I~ ud{ }kinf ck~~d`~

}fxd{ofd{} }fk miu# mxiw ~}enl~ }d nicc d` e`meqem{ic~ {`}ec

kqkxu ~}{mk`} fi~ fim i nfi`nk }d zix}enezi}k. _fk` ud{x

nd`}ie`kx e~ kgz}u# xkzcink }fk ~}enl~ i`m hkoe` ioie`. ]fe~e~ y{enl i`m ~}{mk`}~ ~kk e} i~ iexe} lkkz~ }fkg d` }fkex }dk~.

Zkink Ndxz~$Lexehi}e

_fi}ihd{}cixoki`mg{c}eckqkcnci~~xddg~4

]fkxk e~ i ndgzck}k ENK z{hceni}ed` d` }fe~ ~{hbkn}2 ]kinfeò Kòce~f

i~ i Adxkeo` Ciò{iok }d Cixok# G{c}eckqkc Nci~~k~ \ENK @d. G::=1W.]fk }knfèy{k~ dkxkm e` }fe~ hddl ixk fkcza{c }d icc }kinfkx~# `d}

b{~} }fd~k wfd ixk }kinfeò Kòce~f. {ook~}ed`~ e`nc{mk a{cc nci~~

in}eqe}ek~# ziex wdxl# oxd{z wdxl# i`m e`mkzk`mk`} ~}{mu.



64/140


65/140

Zkink Ndxz~ ;?

Ud{ ni` }kinf giù da }fk~k ~lecc~ miecu i~ ud{ giìok }fk

nci~~xddg}kinf ~}{mk`}~ fdw }d }ilk xk~zd`~ehece}u adx nci~~

}i~l~ i`m zxie~k }fkg wfk` }fku md wkcc< kvzkn} ~}{mk`}~ }d }xki}

kinf d}fkx xk~zkn}a{ccu m{xeò oxd{z ckixèò in}eqe}ek~< i`m gdmkc

}fk ceak ~lecc~ ud{ wi`} ud{x ~}{mk`}~ }d iny{exk.

^nfddcwemk Zxdbkn}

]kinfkx~ i} d`k kckgk`}ixu ~nfddc mke`km cek ~lecc~

i~ nfixin}kx }xie}~ &xk~zd`~ehece}u# xk~zkn}# nixeò#

}x{~}wdx}fe`k~~ i`m ne}erk`~fez"% i`m gimk }kinfeò

}fk~k nfixin}kx }xie}~ i ~nfddcwemk zxdbkn}. Nci~~k~

gimk {z ~dò~# zci``km i` ix} ~fdw# zxk~k`}km

zciu~ i} ~nfddc i~~kghcek~# i`m fd`dxkm ~}{mk`}~ dx

kvfehe}eò nfixin}kx }xie}~.

"Ne}erk`~fez wi~ mk~nx

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