peace building in southern thailand
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Peace Building in Southern Thailand. Abdulghani Suetair Asst. Director of College of Islamic Studies Prince of Songkla University. Conflict area of Southern Thailand. The situations in Southern Thailand. Southern Border provinces - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Peace BuildingPeace Buildingin Southern Thailandin Southern Thailand
Abdulghani SuetairAbdulghani SuetairAsst. Director ofAsst. Director of
College of Islamic StudiesCollege of Islamic StudiesPrince of Songkla UniversityPrince of Songkla University
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Conflict area of Southern ThailandConflict area of Southern Thailand
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The situations in Southern The situations in Southern ThailandThailand
Southern Border provincesSouthern Border provinces There are 33 districts in Pattani, Yala and There are 33 districts in Pattani, Yala and
Narathiwas provincesNarathiwas provinces 10,927 Square Kilometers10,927 Square Kilometers Total Population is 1,748,682 Total Population is 1,748,682 - Muslim 1,386,880 (80%) Muslim 1,386,880 (80%) - Buddhist 351,367 (20%)Buddhist 351,367 (20%)
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The Southern Border provinces defined by the The Southern Border provinces defined by the government is consisted of 4 border provinces government is consisted of 4 border provinces namely, Pattani, Yala, Narathiwas and Satun namely, Pattani, Yala, Narathiwas and Satun and including some districts of Songkhla and including some districts of Songkhla province namely Thepa, Sabayoi, Nathawi and province namely Thepa, Sabayoi, Nathawi and ChanaChana
44 districts and 16,409 Squarekilometers44 districts and 16,409 Squarekilometers Muslims = 62%Muslims = 62%
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The popular needs of the Muslims in the south The popular needs of the Muslims in the south is right and freedom to practice their own is right and freedom to practice their own religion religion
The problems facing by the Muslims 80%-The problems facing by the Muslims 80%-90% goes to :90% goes to :
- PovertyPoverty- InjusticeInjustice- Communication with Thai officials Communication with Thai officials - Problems caused by the Thai officersProblems caused by the Thai officers
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Statistics of the violenceStatistics of the violence From January 4, 2004 – February 16, 2007 From January 4, 2004 – February 16, 2007
violence happened 6,272 times in 293 villages violence happened 6,272 times in 293 villages (78% of 4 provinces)(78% of 4 provinces)
Injured and dead 5,285 persons = Buddhist Injured and dead 5,285 persons = Buddhist 3,134 (59.14%) Muslims 2,054 (38.76%)3,134 (59.14%) Muslims 2,054 (38.76%)
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General Situation in 2007General Situation in 2007- The violence happened in 3 provinces 1,228 The violence happened in 3 provinces 1,228
times, average 3.4 times /daytimes, average 3.4 times /day- InjuredInjured 2,362 persons or average 6.5 persons /day2,362 persons or average 6.5 persons /day- More than one forth of this number dead, average More than one forth of this number dead, average
1.7 persons/day1.7 persons/day- The most critical area is Muang Yala District- The most critical area is Muang Yala District
where most of the incident happened on the local where most of the incident happened on the local road during 7.00 am -9.00 am and during 8.00 road during 7.00 am -9.00 am and during 8.00 pm-9.00 pmpm-9.00 pm
- Two third between 15-44 years and more than - Two third between 15-44 years and more than 80% male80% male
- Buddhist 57% and Muslim (63%)- Buddhist 57% and Muslim (63%)
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Possible Root CausesPossible Root Causes
4B4BBACKGROUNDBACKGROUND
BELIEFBELIEF
BENEFITBENEFIT
BUREAUCRACYBUREAUCRACY
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Conflict ActorsConflict Actors
State/Government
InsurgentsPeople
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Challenges for peace buildingChallenges for peace building Prevent newly emerging minor armed conflicts Prevent newly emerging minor armed conflicts
from becoming full scale warsfrom becoming full scale wars Prevent all types of conflicts from becoming Prevent all types of conflicts from becoming
violentviolent ““Socialization” and “Institutionalization” of Socialization” and “Institutionalization” of
peace and peaceful idealspeace and peaceful ideals ““consultation”?consultation”?
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Level 1: Top Leadership Military/political/religous/ leaders with high visibility
Level 2: Middle-Range Leadership Leaders respected in sectors Ethnic/religous leaders Academic/intellectuals Humanitarian leaders (NGOs)
Level 3: Grassroots Leadership Local leaders Leaders of indigenous NGOs Community developers Local health officials Refugee camp leaders
Types of Actors Approaches to Building Peace
Focus on high level negotiations Emphasizes cease-fire Led by highly visible, single mediator
Problem Solving workshops Training in conflict resolution Peace commissions Insider-partial teams
Local peace commissions Grassroots training Prejudice reduction Psychosocial work in postwar trauma
Affected population
Few
Many
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Actors & approaches to peace building
Elite
Society
Top leaders
Middle-level leaders
Grass-roots leaders
High-level negotiations
Problem-solving workshops
Local peace commissions
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Peace building strategiesPeace building strategies Developing a “peace inventory”Developing a “peace inventory”
Who is doing what kind of peace activities? By doing Who is doing what kind of peace activities? By doing joint research; convening a conferencejoint research; convening a conference
Creating better channels & coordination Creating better channels & coordination “vertically” & “horizontally”“vertically” & “horizontally”
Organising “peace donors” conferenceOrganising “peace donors” conference Relay / share informationRelay / share information Coordinating activitiesCoordinating activities
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Southern Thailand Peace NetworkSouthern Thailand Peace Network(STPN)(STPN)
Prince of Songkhla University, Pattani Prince of Songkhla University, Pattani CampusCampus
Prince of Songkhla University, Hadyai Prince of Songkhla University, Hadyai CampusCampus
Yala Islamic University, Yala ProvinceYala Islamic University, Yala Province Thaksin University, Songkhla ProvinceThaksin University, Songkhla Province Hadyai University, Songkhla ProvinceHadyai University, Songkhla Province Yala Ratjaphat University, Yala ProvinceYala Ratjaphat University, Yala Province
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STPN ACTIVITIESSTPN ACTIVITIES Establishment of Student Peace Club in every Establishment of Student Peace Club in every
universityuniversity Training student leaders in peace studies and Training student leaders in peace studies and
conflict managementconflict management Development of peace curriculum among Development of peace curriculum among
STPN membersSTPN members Organizing peace national and regional Organizing peace national and regional
seminars and conferences seminars and conferences
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Role of Collage of Islamic Studies, Prince of Role of Collage of Islamic Studies, Prince of Songkhla University Songkhla University
in Peace Buildingin Peace Building
CIS’s Peace Building
Student affair
Lecturers
Executive committee
Grassroots
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Student’s activities for peace building,Student’s activities for peace building,jointly organized with STPN members from jointly organized with STPN members from
various universitiesvarious universities Teaching and encourage for prisonersTeaching and encourage for prisoners
- Youth under 15 years old who involved with - Youth under 15 years old who involved with drug and violence drug and violence
Programs of interfaith dialogue Programs of interfaith dialogue - Muslim - Buddhist student interfaith dialogue - Muslim - Buddhist student interfaith dialogue within universitywithin university-Between Muslim and Buddhist student leaders -Between Muslim and Buddhist student leaders from Thailand and student leaders from from Thailand and student leaders from MalaysiaMalaysia
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Lecturers Activities for Peace BuildingLecturers Activities for Peace Building- Project Thai-Malay intellectual dialogue - Project Thai-Malay intellectual dialogue - International peace seminar- International peace seminarIn 2007 seminar on ‘Peace Building from In 2007 seminar on ‘Peace Building from
various experiences” various experiences” - Project joint research working between CIS (Thailand) - Project joint research working between CIS (Thailand) and UUM (Northern University of Malaysia)and UUM (Northern University of Malaysia)
-Teaching and workshop for conflict resolution; -Teaching and workshop for conflict resolution; conferences and seminarsconferences and seminars
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CIS Executive Committee ActivitiesCIS Executive Committee Activities- To advice and give attention to every - To advice and give attention to every government policy which dealing to the government policy which dealing to the conflictconflict- To be representative of Muslim - To be representative of Muslim community in Thai parliamentcommunity in Thai parliament
- Establishment of grassroots leader - Establishment of grassroots leader networknetwork
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Grassroots Activities Understanding the pure teaching of Islam Understanding the pure teaching of Islam Youth Training CampYouth Training Camp Children Training Camp Children Training Camp Women Short Course TrainingWomen Short Course Training Religious sermon; Friday and Eid al Fitri and Religious sermon; Friday and Eid al Fitri and
Eidil AdhaEidil Adha
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Thank you for kind Thank you for kind attention attention
Please feel free to contact me at Please feel free to contact me at [email protected]