PDLSPDLS©©::EMS Disaster Response EMS Disaster Response and Equipmentand Equipment

Practical MattersPractical Matters

Learning Objectives:Learning Objectives:

List and describe the Three Phases of DisasterList and describe the Three Phases of Disaster

List specific equipment tools that can be used List specific equipment tools that can be used during a disaster responseduring a disaster response

List five groups that must be targeted forList five groups that must be targeted forPre-Disaster educationPre-Disaster education

List and describe six positions of the Incident List and describe six positions of the Incident Command SystemCommand System

Learning Objectives:Learning Objectives:

Describe the procedure for formal declaration Describe the procedure for formal declaration of a disasterof a disaster

List and describe the different types of List and describe the different types of communication devices that can be utilized communication devices that can be utilized during a disasterduring a disaster

Phases of DisasterPhases of Disaster

Phase One:Phase One: 0-48 hours0-48 hours

Phase Two:Phase Two: 2-7days2-7days

Phase Three:Phase Three: beyond 7 daysbeyond 7 days

Pre-Incident Preparation EducationPre-Incident Preparation Education

Human ResourcesHuman Resources

TransportationTransportation

EquipmentEquipment

SuppliesSupplies

CommunicationCommunication

EquipmentEquipment

Child specificChild specific

Pre-packagingPre-packaging

Containment shellsContainment shells

Rapid accessRapid access

BLS / ALSBLS / ALS

Transportation of equipmentTransportation of equipment

EquipmentEquipment

Monitoring - Check off procedureMonitoring - Check off procedure

RotationRotation

SecuritySecurity

Special needsSpecial needs

Containment ShellsContainment Shells

Easy accessEasy access

Water proofWater proof

Insect resistantInsect resistant

Isolated from extremes of temperatureIsolated from extremes of temperature

Isolated from extremes of humidityIsolated from extremes of humidity

PortablePortable

MonitoredMonitored

PackagingPackaging

Top to bottomTop to bottom

BLS / ALS specificBLS / ALS specific

Pre-determined scope of practice rulesPre-determined scope of practice rules

Policy formulationPolicy formulation

Incident specific arrangementsIncident specific arrangements

Sectioning shell - age specificSectioning shell - age specific

Supplies:Supplies:

Oral pharyngeal Oral pharyngeal airwaysairways

Bag Valve Mask’sBag Valve Mask’s

O2 / delivery devicesO2 / delivery devices

Pulse oximeter Pulse oximeter

P.O. ear probesP.O. ear probes

CO2 monitorsCO2 monitors

Trauma scissorsTrauma scissors

StethoscopesStethoscopes

Blood pressure cuffsBlood pressure cuffs

Cervical collarsCervical collars

Portable suctionPortable suction

Padded board splintsPadded board splints

Obstetrics kitObstetrics kit

BlanketsBlankets

SheetsSheets

SuppliesSupplies

Car seats Car seats

ToysToys

Airway rollsAirway rolls

O2 multiplexerO2 multiplexer

Naso-gastric tubesNaso-gastric tubes

Chest tubesChest tubes

NebulizersNebulizers

I.V. solutionsI.V. solutions

NeedlesNeedles

Sharps containersSharps containers

GlucometerGlucometer

I.O. needlesI.O. needles

Broselow TapeBroselow Tape

Adhesive tapeAdhesive tape

MedicationsMedications

Clean water / cupsClean water / cups

SuppliesSupplies

FormulaFormula

Purifier / preservativePurifier / preservative

hand lights with hand lights with batteriesbatteries

Light sticksLight sticks

Candles / waterproof Candles / waterproof matchesmatches

Rain tarps/ polesRain tarps/ poles

Ground clothesGround clothes

Paper / waterproof Paper / waterproof penspens

Disaster TagsDisaster Tags

Disposable bagsDisposable bags

Chlorine bleachChlorine bleach

Soap / towelsSoap / towels

Hand toolsHand tools

SuppliesSupplies

Radio CB/am/fmRadio CB/am/fm

WhistleWhistle

Meals Ready to EatMeals Ready to Eat

BandageBandage

Triangular bandageTriangular bandage

KlingKling

Aluminum foilAluminum foil

Vaseline gauzeVaseline gauze

Trauma dressingsTrauma dressings

GauzeGauze

Hydrogen peroxideHydrogen peroxide

AlcoholAlcohol

Cold / hot packsCold / hot packs

GlovesGloves

InstaglucoseInstaglucose

Sterile water / salineSterile water / saline

SuppliesSupplies

Backboards/ strapsBackboards/ straps

Optional / Monitors defibrillatorsOptional / Monitors defibrillators

AED / SAEDAED / SAED

Other regional specific adjunctsOther regional specific adjuncts

SuppliesSupplies

Expanded practiceExpanded practice

Special needsSpecial needs

Nutritional needsNutritional needs

Specific to ageSpecific to age

Specific to regionSpecific to region

Disaster typeDisaster type

Transportation availabilityTransportation availability

Packaging requirementsPackaging requirements

Personal Protection EquipmentPersonal Protection Equipment

Hazardous EnvironmentsHazardous Environments

BombsBombs

RadiationRadiation

ChemicalsChemicals

Child ProtectionChild Protection

SecuritySecurity

Safe/Rapid - event removalSafe/Rapid - event removal

Psychological TraumaPsychological Trauma

CISD - Child specificCISD - Child specific

Lost childrenLost children

Child Care Agencies referralChild Care Agencies referral

Parental / family death’sParental / family death’s

MCI Critical FunctionsMCI Critical Functions Scene size-upScene size-up Initial notificationInitial notification Establish Command SystemEstablish Command System Identify patients - TriageIdentify patients - Triage TaggingTagging TreatmentTreatment Prioritized EvacuationPrioritized Evacuation Stabilization and TreatmentStabilization and Treatment Communication CoordinationCommunication Coordination Loading and TransportationLoading and Transportation

Incident Command System OverviewIncident Command System Overview

EMS Incident CommanderEMS Incident Commander Triage OfficerTriage Officer Tagging OfficerTagging Officer Loading OfficerLoading Officer Treatment OfficerTreatment Officer Transportation - Staging OfficerTransportation - Staging Officer Communications OfficerCommunications Officer Safety OfficerSafety Officer Public Information OfficerPublic Information Officer

EMS Incident CommandEMS Incident Command

Coordinates EMS activities - activates MCI Coordinates EMS activities - activates MCI response planresponse plan

Supervises and manages: Triage-Tagging-Supervises and manages: Triage-Tagging-Treatment-TransportationTreatment-Transportation

Selects EMS Command Post -Treatment -Selects EMS Command Post -Treatment -Loading and Staging Officers and areasLoading and Staging Officers and areas

Assigns incoming personnelAssigns incoming personnel

Guides Medical decisionsGuides Medical decisions

Triage OfficerTriage Officer

Rapidly assess ALL victimsRapidly assess ALL victims

Focuses on immediate life-threatening problemsFocuses on immediate life-threatening problems

Limited TreatmentLimited Treatment

Supervises personnel in active incident areaSupervises personnel in active incident area

Directs and Prioritizes evacuation until all victims Directs and Prioritizes evacuation until all victims have been Triaged-Tagged and Evacuatedhave been Triaged-Tagged and Evacuated

Tagging OfficerTagging Officer

Classifies Individuals using METTAGSClassifies Individuals using METTAGS

Determines order of evacuation to Treatment Determines order of evacuation to Treatment areaarea

Reviews the status of each patient Reviews the status of each patient

Tags and records major injury sites on Tags and records major injury sites on METTAGMETTAG

Moves to Loading Officer when tagging task Moves to Loading Officer when tagging task completedcompleted

Loading OfficerLoading Officer

Supervise loading of patients after initial Supervise loading of patients after initial stabilization and treatmentstabilization and treatment

Coordinates order of departure and Coordinates order of departure and destinations of patientsdestinations of patients

Responsible for time critical transportation Responsible for time critical transportation decisionsdecisions

Treatment OfficerTreatment Officer

Best Trained most experiencedBest Trained most experienced

Sets up treatment areaSets up treatment area

Oversees and monitors patientsOversees and monitors patients

Treats patients when necessaryTreats patients when necessary

Reviews and updates classificationsReviews and updates classifications

Assembles available equipment and suppliesAssembles available equipment and supplies

Arranges sub areas for METTAG classificationArranges sub areas for METTAG classification

Staging OfficerStaging Officer

Coordinates movement of vehicles in the Coordinates movement of vehicles in the staging areastaging area

Coordinates off loading of equipment to Coordinates off loading of equipment to pooling areapooling area

Directs Incoming personnel to appropriate Directs Incoming personnel to appropriate areasareas

Coordinates travel routes with the Incident Coordinates travel routes with the Incident CommanderCommander

Communication’s OfficerCommunication’s Officer

Coordinates all communication activityCoordinates all communication activity

Establishes radio flow patternsEstablishes radio flow patterns

Integrates multi-agency activityIntegrates multi-agency activity

Limits radio accessLimits radio access

Assigns talk groups and linkagesAssigns talk groups and linkages

Assists Loading and Treatment Officers Assists Loading and Treatment Officers with out-flow communicationswith out-flow communications

Safety OfficerSafety Officer

Assists the Incident Commander regarding Assists the Incident Commander regarding safety proceduressafety procedures

Reviews all scene activity and identifies Reviews all scene activity and identifies potential hazardspotential hazards

Public Information OfficerPublic Information Officer

Assists the Incident Commander with release Assists the Incident Commander with release of informationof information

Sets up Media-Public Information areaSets up Media-Public Information area

Coordinates information for public release Coordinates information for public release with the Incident Commanderwith the Incident Commander

CommunicationCommunication

TelephonesTelephones

Cellular phonesCellular phones

Pager systemsPager systems

Radios: HAM / CB Radios: HAM / CB

UHF / VHFUHF / VHF

WhistlesWhistles

Loudspeakers / MegaphonesLoudspeakers / Megaphones

Communication FailuresCommunication Failures

EnvironmentalEnvironmental

GeographicsGeographics

Failure to have priority arrangementsFailure to have priority arrangements

Properly trained manpowerProperly trained manpower

Software optionsSoftware options

TerminologyTerminology

TransportationTransportation

Stages of patient movementStages of patient movement

Vehicle:Vehicle:

-TypesTypes

-FuelFuel

-MaintenanceMaintenance

-StaffStaff

-Travel routesTravel routes

-AccessoriesAccessories

Patient delivery systemsPatient delivery systems

Ground specificGround specific

Air specificAir specific

Water specificWater specific

SpecializedSpecialized

Educational ResourcesEducational Resources

Schools Schools

Training Academy’sTraining Academy’s

Institutions of professional medical educationInstitutions of professional medical education

Coordinating Body / Lead Agency Coordinating Body / Lead Agency identificationidentification

RespondersResponders

Public -Training/EducationPublic -Training/Education

First RespondersFirst Responders

Emergency Medical Services: Emergency Medical Services: Basic/Advanced levelsBasic/Advanced levels

R.N.’s / M.D.’s / SpecialistsR.N.’s / M.D.’s / Specialists

C.I.S.D. - Children's teamC.I.S.D. - Children's team