pda newsletter newsletter

V O L U M E 1 . I S S U E 1 J U L Y - S E P T E M B E R , 2 0 1 1

MESSAGE BY CHAIRMAN PDA

It gives me great pleasure to be part of the newsletterlaunched by PDA.

This news letter will be a platform for the Dairy Industry topromote its views and also the dairy sector with all mainstakeholders such as government, universities, suppliers, policymakers and farmers. This can also become our source forlinkages at the global level.I welcome this initiative to fulfill the need of the industry and cancreate a better understanding of the dairy sector. This linkagewill also create awareness about hygienic dairy products and highlight the potential of theDairy Sector in Pakistan.

EDITORIAL TEAM

The publishing of the first issue ofthe PDA newsletter proved to bea learning experience for us.

When we were asked to design thenewsletter we decided to make it aplatform for candid and frankdiscussion, besides providing up todate information on livestock and dairysector. How much we have remainedsuccessful in this endeavour is up toyou to decide.The team received a lot of emailscontaining suggestions and opinionsand we are grateful for your interest.Most of the suggestions, in this regardhave been incorporated. It has beenour utmost effort to make thenewsletter informative and useful.Suggestions for improvements arealways welcome.

We are pleased to announce the result ofelections of Board of Directors \Executive Committee of Pakistan Dairy

Association for the period commencing from 1October 2011 to 30 September 2013, Chairmanand Vice Chairman of Pakistan Dairy Associationfor the period commencing from 1 October 2011to 30 September 2012.Following Board of Directors \ExecutiveCommittee members were elected unopposed.

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Name ofRepresentative

Name ofRepresentative

OrganizationName

OrganizationName

Mr. Imran AmjadChairman & Director

CEO, HaleebFoods Limited

Mr. Safdar Hayat QureshiVice Chairman & Director

MD,Noon PakistanLimited

Syed Yawar AliDirector

Chairman,NestlePakistan Limited

Mr. Imran AfzaalDirector

CEO,Premier Dairies

Mr. Sarfraz A. RehmanDirector

CEO,Engro FoodsLimited

Mr. Ikramul HaqueDirector

Chairman,Millac FoodsLimited

Mr. Anjum M. SaleemDirector

CEO,ShakarganjFood Products

Mr. M. Zafar IqbalDirector

GM Finance,Gourmet Foods

Mr. Basharat AhmadDirector

AdvisorCorporate Affairs,Unilever PakistanLimited

Hafiz M. TauheedDirector

Director Operations,PakolaProducts Limited

The new Executive Committee elected Mr. ImranAmjad (CEO, Haleeb Foods Limited) asChairman & Mr. Safdar M. Hayat Qureshi (MD,Noon Pakistan Limited) as Vice-Chairman (bothunanimous) for the period commencing from 1October 2011 to 30 September 2012.

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CHANGING OF THE GUARD: ELECTIONS AT PDA!

New Office Address

Pakistan Dairy Association (PDA)7 B/2, Aziz Avenue, Canal Bank,Gulberg 5, Lahore - Pakistan

Ph: 042 35779423, 35779424,Fax: 042 - 35779424E-Mail: [email protected],

[email protected],Website: www.pda.com.pk

PDAPDAPDAnewsletterI N S I D E

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Elections at PDA

Farmer Advisory

Osteoporosis and milk

Flash News

Dengue Awareness

The Holstein cow

Livestock & Dairysector Overview

Foot & Mouthdisease control

Page 8Balanced feed formilk animals

PDA newsletter

OSTEOPOROSIS AND

YOUNG WOMEN:

HOW MILK CAN HELP

Y

Source:

http://www.youngwomenshealth.org/calciuminfo.htm

ou have probably seen the “milkmustache” on some of your favorite stars,but are you sporting your own?

Unfortunately, only 12% of teen girls actually getenough calcium in their diet.

Calcium is a mineral that gives strength to yourbones. Calcium is also necessary for many ofyour body's functions, such as blood clotting andnerve and muscle function. During the teenageyears (particularly ages 11-15), your bones aredeveloping quickly and are storing calcium sothat your skeleton will be strong later in life.Nearly half of all bone is formed during theseyears. It is important that you get plenty ofcalcium in your diet because if your body doesnot get the calcium it needs, it takes calcium fromthe only source that it has: your bones. This canlead to brittle bones later in life and broken bonesat any time.

Osteoporosis is a bone disease that developsslowly and is usually caused by a combination ofgenetics and too little calcium in the diet.Osteoporosis is a disease in which bonesbecome fragile and more likely to break.Osteoporosis can also lead to shortened heightbecause of collapsing spinal bones and cancause a hunched back. Osteoporosis can beprevented. There are some risk factors that youcannot change (like your race and the fact thatyou are female), but there are some you can! Eata healthy diet, get some exercise, and don'tsmoke!

Children and teenagers between the ages of 9and 18 should aim for 1,300 milligrams of calciumper day to effectively shield themselves fromacquir ing bone related ai lments l ikeosteoporosis. Each 8-ounce glass of milk(whether skim, 1%, 2%, or whole) and each cupof yoghurt has about 300 milligrams of calcium.Adults 19 to 50 years of age should aim for 1,000milligrams per day.The best choices for obtainingyour calcium via milk is through low-fat or fat-freemilk and milk products. Because these itemscontain little or no fat, it's easy to get enoughcalcium without adding extra fat to the diet.

Adequate, lifelong dietary calcium intake isnecessary to reduce the risk of osteoporosis.Consuming adequate calcium and vitamin D andperforming regular, weight-bearing exercise arealso important to build maximum bone densityand strength. After age 30, these factors helpslow bone loss, although they cannot completelyprevent bone loss due to aging. Milk and dairyproducts are a convenient source of calcium formany people. They are also a good source ofprotein and are fortified with vitamins D and A.Byincluding milk and dairy products in one's diet wecan reduce the risk of protracting osteoporosisand live life to the fullest, with strong and healthybones!


FARMER ADVISORY:

POST FLOOD LIVESTOCK CARE

P

Health Care

Feed & Feeding

akistan has suffered a greatloss in its agricultural andlivestock sectors during the

floods in 2010.The same scenario isprevailing in many parts of the Sindprovince currently. The recent floodhas not only caused death losses ofcows, buffaloes, goats, sheep,horses, camels and donkeys butalso washed out poultry farms andfish farms.Those farmers who couldluckily save their livestock from theravaging floods now have to worryabout feeding their starving animals.Farmers are also waiting forveterinary health specialists to look after their sick and starved animals. In this alarmingsituation, the remaining livestock will die in the coming days if vaccinations/medications andfeed are not made available. Therefore, post flood care of surviving livestock is of utmostimportance.

Animals surviving floods are prone to a number of diseases and toxicities too. Generallyanimals at this stage are under stress due to evacuation, relocation, starvation, feed changesand mixing with other animals. Such tremendous stress increases the livestock vulnerability

to different threats which can lead to outbreaks of diseases, particularly infectiousdiseases.

Animals can be protected by avoiding exposure to stagnant water and decayingcarcasses as well as vegetables. Animals standing in mud or water for prolongedperiods of time may develop foot rot (cattle; sheep; goats) or thrush (horses).Thecure is to remove the animals from the muddy and wet areas, onto dryer ground.The hooves and soft tissue should be cleaned and disinfected. In severeconditions antibiotics can be used for treatment. The major problem faced byanimals standing in mud or water is Mastitis. Bacteria in mud and water can causeacute, severe mastitis in dairy animals. In such severe cases better to clean,sterilize and dry the teats end first and then administer the Intra mammary as wellas systemic antibiotics.Livestock exhibiting any sign of ill health should be treated by the veterinarianavailable in the flood affected areas.Livestock owners should immediately contactthe local veterinary teams rather than waiting for their arrival or self treatment.

The starving animalsr e q u i r e i m m e d i a t esupply of good qualityf o d d e r a n d s o m eamount of concentrates.However, post-f loodsituat ion could notensure the supply offeeds in suf f i c ien tquantity. The major reliefa n d r e h a b i l i t a t i o nactivities are surroundedaround human beingsrather than livestockfeeds and housing. Thefe e d s a n d fo d d e r

requirements of livestock are many times higher than that of human being, thusmaking it difficult to provide as per their needs. In emergency conditions, an adultcow requires at least 25-30 kg of green fodder for its body maintenance. If that cowor buffalo is producing milk then more quantity is required to fulfill their nutritionaldemands.

AWARENESS MESSAGE

“DENGUE FEVER SOME FACTS”

How Dengue Spreads?

Where does the mosquito live?

Where does the mosquito breed?

Always Remember·

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Dengue is spread by the bite of an infected mosquito Aedes Aegypti.The mosquito gets thevirus by biting the infected persons.The first symptoms of the disease occur about 5-7days after an infected bite.There is no way to tell if a mosquito is carrying the dengue virus.Therefore, peoplemust protect themselves from all mosquito bites.

The mosquito rests indoors, in closets and other dark places. Outside, they restwhere it is cool and shaded.The female mosquito lays her eggs in water containersin and around homes, schools and other areas in towns or villages. These eggsbecome adult in about 10 days.

Dengue mosquitoes breed in stored exposed water collections.Favoured breedingplaces are;Barrels, drums, jars, pots, buckets, flower vases, plant saucers, tanks, discardedbottles, tins, tyres, water cooler etc and a lot more places where rain water collectsor is stored.

Dengue is a serious viral disease transmitted by the bite of the mosquito;Dengue infection occurs in two forms; Dengue fever and DengueHemorrhagic Fever.Dengue fever is a severe flu like illness that affects older children andadults but rarely causes death;Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a more severe form, in whichbleeding and occasionally shock occur, leading to death, mostly inchildren.Persons suspected of having Dengue fever or DHF must see a doctor atonce.DHF is deadly disease and early recognition and treatment can savelives.Give nutritious food and fluids, like milk and juices, to drink to the patients.Dengue mosquitoes bite during the day;The patient should be kept under a mosquito net or in a screened roomduring the period of illness;Screen your rooms against mosquitoes or use mosquito nets or usemosquito repellent.

The supply of green fodder in sufficient quantities is not possible during the relief operations.The present scenario demands the supply of dry fodder in the form of hay, dry corn stovers,and wheat/rice straw. The concentrates like cotton seed cake, what bran and cereal grainsshould also be supplied for livestock feeding. Though the consumption of dry fodder couldincrease the animal water requirements but at the same time animal would feel satiable withless consumption than the green fodder.The supply of concentrate is required along with thedry fodder to meet the energy and protein demands of the animals. However, if this is notpossible then protein requirements of cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat (ruminant animals) canbe met through addition of urea in the dry fodder. Urea is a source of nitrogen and ruminantshave the ability of convert this nitrogen in to body protein. However, precautionary measuresmust be followed while feeding urea to stressed animals.In a cattle/buffalo relief camp having 100 animals of different ages a minimum of 30 ton of dryand 30 ton of green fodder, 10 ton of concentrates, 0.4 ton of mineral mixture and 0.2 ton ofsalt is required for 30 days. Livestock owners must take care of the abrupt animal feedchanges because such changes are stressful and can cause significant disease and evendeath, so feed changes should be minimized as much as possible. If feed changes areunavoidable then only one fourth of the total feed should be changed on daily basis andanimal should be brought on the new feed in total after 4 or 5 days. Owners should not offerflood damaged feed to the animals due to the presence of dirt, contaminants and moldgrowth. Animals should not be allowed to graze in the unknown areas in the flood hit areas.This might increase the chance of toxicities.Tree leaves can be used for animal feeding but itis advisable not to feed in high amount. Extra care during this emergency period woulddefinitely protect the animals from ill health.Article written by Dr. Tanveer Ahmad and Dr. Muhammad Farooq Iqbal (UAF)

PDA newsletterV O L U M E 1 . I S S U E 1 J U L Y - S E P T E M B E R , 2 0 1 1

FLASH NEWS:

PAKISTAN DAIRY

CONGRESS - 2012

The Board of Directors of Pakistan DairyAssociation (PDA) has decided to hold atwo days “Pakistan Dairy Congress

(PDC)”during March 2012 at Lahore.Organizing Committee comprising Mr. UmerGhumman, Mr. Haroon Lodhi, Dr. Tallat NaseerPasha, Ms. Huma Fakhar, Syed Fakhar Ahmad,Dr. M. Zubair Ahmad & Consultant PDA hasbeen formed under the Chairmanship of Mr.Imran Amjad for making arrangements anddetailed program. Suggestions in this regard willbe welcomed for its success.

THE HOLSTEIN COW:

THE WORLD'S MOST PRODUCTIVE DAIRY BOVINE

T

Imports to America

Americans Build Their Own Breed

Characteristics of Holsteins

Physical Characteristics

Milk Production

References:Holstein Association

he Holstein cow originated in Europe. The majorhistorical developement of this breed occured in whatis now the Netherlands and more specifically in the two

northern provices of North Holland and Friesland which layon either side of the Zuider Zee. The original stock were theblack animals and white animals of the Batavians andFriesians, migrant European tribes who settled in the RhineDelta region about 2,000 years ago. For many years,Holsteins were bred and strictly culled to obtain animalswhich would make best use of grass, the area's mostabundant resource. The intermingling of these animalsevolved into an efficient, high-producing black-and-whitedairy cow.

After the New World was settled, and markets began todevelop for milk in America, dairy breeders turned to Hollandfor their seed stock. Winthrop Chenery, a Massachusettsbreeder, purchased a Holland cow from a Dutch sailingmaster who landed cargo at Boston in 1852. The cow hadfurnished the ship's crew with fresh milk during the voyage.She proved to be such a satisfactory producer, that Chenerymade later importations of Holsteins in 1857, 1859 and 1861. Many other breeders soon joined the race to establish Holsteins in America.After about 8,800 Holsteins had been imported, cattle disease broke out in Europe and importation ceased.

In the late 1800's there was enough interest among Holstein breeders to form associations for the recording of pedigrees and maintenanceof herd books.These associations merged in 1885 to found the Holstein-Friesian Association of America, the Holstein Association.

Holsteins are most quickly recognized by their distinctive color markings and outstanding milk production.

Holsteins are large, stylish animals with color patterns of black and white or red and white. A healthy Holstein calf weighs 90 poundsor more at birth. A mature Holstein cow weighs about 1500 pounds and stand 58 inches tall at the shoulder. Holstein heifers can bebred at 15 months of age, when they weigh about 800 pounds. It is desirable to have Holstein females calve for the first time between24 and 27 months of age. Holstein gestation is approximately nine months. While some cows may live considerably longer, thenormal productive life of a Holstein is six years.

Average production for all Holsteins enrolled in official U.S. production-testing programs in 1987 was 17,408 pounds of milk, 632pounds of butterfat and 550 pounds of protein per year.

1 Holstein Place, Brattleboro,VT 05302-0808.,

LIVESTOCK AND DAIRY SECTOR OF PAKISTAN - SALIENT FACTS

Livestock

Population and distribution

Domestication of livestock is one of the earliest achievements of human beings. It made their lives more

productive, easy and secure. Since, those early days, livestock is serving mankind. It still does so in

Pakistan where it is an integral part of the rural economy contributing significantly to the Agriculture and

National GDP's.The livestock accounts for approximately 55.1 % of agriculture value added and 11.5 % of

GDP during the year 2010-11. Due to massive floods, the growth of livestock showed a marked decline at

3.7 % as against 4.3 % last year.

Livestock is raised by more than 8.5 million small and landless families in the rural areas and is their main

livelihood source. Livestock sector's prospective role towards rural economy can be well recognized from

the fact that 35-40 million rural populations are dependent on the livestock.

The Detail of livestock population of large ruminants and small ruminants in Pakistan and provinces is as under:


PDA newsletter

Dr. Sajjad Zaheer MalikConsultant

Pakistan Dairy Association

Livestock Population in Pakistan and Provinces

(Source Livestock Census 2006)

The increase in the livestock population during the decadefrom 1996-2006, for buffaloes, cattle, goat and sheep is 35,45, 30 and 13 respectively for the National herd is given inthe table below:

Comparative Status of Ruminants Population

in Pakistan

(Source Livestock Census 2006)

The density of livestock population per sq, kilometer variesfrom area to area. It's more in irrigated areas for dairy animals,whereas the rain fed and hilly areas have more population ofsmall ruminants and non-descript cattle. Nearly, 80%subsistence farmers are having 1-4 animals with small landholding or landless.

However, if the distribution of livestock population underdifferent production systems is examined, the situationchanges.This is because of production systems have evolvednaturally in the agro-ecological regions of the country that isindependent of administrative/ provincial boundaries.

DAIRY

Pakistan is amongst the top 5 milk producers in the world withan annual gross production of 45 billion liters of milk. Thereare 8 million farming households in Pakistan with a total herdof about 60 million animals. Some 97% of Pakistani farmersare not linked to the formal markets. The overall animal herddensity of Pakistan in thinly spread across 796, 095 sqkilometers of area. The distribution of milch cows andbuffaloes by herd size are given as under:

PDA newsletterV O L U M E 1 . I S S U E 1 J U L Y - S E P T E M B E R , 2 0 1 1

PRODUCTION SYSTEMSIn dairy sector, there are 4 very strong production systems i.e.small-holder subsistence (1-3 animals), small-holder marketoriented (3-5 animals), Rural Commercial with more than 50animals (90% buffaloes & 10% cattle) and Peri-urban (100-200 animals). A brief of production systems and theircharacteristics is detailed below:

Production System and their Characteristics

ProductionSystem Number of Animals Marketing Channels

1 - 3Small-holderSubsistence

3- 5Small-holderMarket Oriented

RuralCommercial

More than 50(90% buffaloes& 10% cattle)

Peri-Urban 100-200 livestock with90% buffaloes and10% cattle

(Source: Analysis of Milk Marketing Chain, FAO Pakistan, 2006)

Milk not marketed due tolack of regular access tomarket. Markets processedgoods like desi ghee

Retail Shops, Middlemen,Procurement agents ofdairy processing plants

Retail Shops, Middlemen,Procurement agents ofdairy processing plants

Direct sale to retail shops,contract with the middlemen,sales to consumers

Distribution of Milch Cows and Buffaloes by Herd Size

(Source: Pakistan Livestock Census, 2006)

Herd Size

1-2

3-4

5-6

7-10

11-15

16-20

21-30

31-50

51 & above

Households Reporting

Number In Million Percent

Percent ofMilch Anicals

5.14

1.88

0.71

0.45

0.13

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

61.1

22.3

8.4

5.4

1.6

0.5

0.3

0.2

0.1

27.3

23.7

14.3

13.7

6.3

2.6

2.6

2.7

6.7

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

In m

illio

ns

Khyber PakhtunKhwa

Punjab Sindh Balochistan Pakistan

Cattle Buffalo Sheep Goat

27.3329.55

26.4

53.79

11.8312.72

0.272.36

12.37

3.97.386.82

19.9

6.3

17.7614.48

9.68

3.41.95.91

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

01996 2006

Buffalo Cattle Goats Sheep

In m

illio

ns

23.54

41.17

20.42

20.27

26.49

53.79

29.56

27.35

Buffalo and cattle are majorsources of milk as they arec o n t r i bu t i n g i n t o t a lproduction by 67 and 31%respectively as shown in thechart on the right. (Source: Livestock Census, 2006)

Production of milk bylivestock

31%

67%

Buffalo Cows Others

2%

The present trend of introduction of corporate \ commercialcattle farming of exotic and cross bred animals is changingthe production systems, as well as seasonal fluctuation gapsand improvised supply of milk to the processing plants isbeing noticed. This change in scenario will go a long way inhelping the dairy sector as well as consumers in the urbanmarkets on demand and supply situation, provided themanagement and feeding aspects are taken careprofessionally and herds are also saved from epidemics likefoot & mouth, H.S and haemoparasitc infections.

DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNICAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE PROGRESSIVE

CONTROL OF FOOT & MOUTH DISEASE IN PAKISTANProject Background:

G

Output 1: Capacity to diagnose FMD at disease, serotype and genotype level enhanced at districts, provincial and reference laboratories inPakistan

Output 2:Surveillance of and response to FMD outbreaks in the country improved

Output 3:Benefits of early and consistent immunization practices demonstrated for effective control of FMD

overnment of Pakistan identified Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) as the priority livestock disease for the control at Trilateral Meeting inJanuary 2010 in Doha. A trilateral seminar (Afghanistan, Pakistan, USA) was held in Islamabad on 16-17 February 2010 which in theframework of a strategic dialogue of USA Pakistan, recommended formulation of an FMD control project. A USDA Mission visited

Pakistan from 25 June to 22 July 2010 consisting of Drs D.Ashford and S.Williams and developed a concept note based on mission findings.Aprogram agreement was signed in September 2010 between USDA and FAO “Support to FAO to increase sustainable livestock productions”which includes this project at the cost of US$ 7.1 million.

Project Outputs and Activities

.

Project Management and Execution

FAO will be the lead agency for the project and will hire a small team of local professionals. All project activities to be implemented bythe Provincial/Regional Livestock and Dairy Development Departments with assistance from project team.

Project Outcomes

The project is expected to provide a framework within which progressive control of FMD in Pakistan can be effectively implemented.The improvement of on-farm livestock health care system will include:

improved capacity to diagnose FMD;

Based upon findings of the project, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan will be able to further progress in the control of FMD and to

move to higher stages (stage 2) of the progressive control pathway by the end of the project.

Activity 1.Strengthening of Lab capacity for FMD diagnosis:

Activity 2.Capacity building of field and laboratory staff:

Activity 3.Proficiency testing of diagnostic labs:

Activity 4.Development of a harmonized (central and provincial) Laboratory Information and Management System:

Activity 1.Awareness of livestock farmers:

Activity 2.Capacity building of field staff and policy makers:

Activity 3.Outbreak reporting, epidemiological investigation and submission of samples:

Activity 4.Sero-monitoring for determining the level of virus circulation in different farming systems:

Activity 5.Creation of a rapid response mechanism for FMD outbreaks:

Activity 6.Creation of a National FMD Epidemiology and Information System:

Activity 7.Strengthening of FMD monitoring program in Landhi Dairy Colony Karachi:

Activity 1. Identification of appropriate vaccine for field use:

Activity 2.Strengthening NVL capacity for evaluation of FMD vaccines:

Activity 3.Effective vaccination in dairy colony production system:

Activity 4.Early immunization in market oriented rural dairy production system:

Activity 5.Evaluation of FMD vaccination effects on productivity in different dairy production systems:

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improved FMD surveillance and response to the outbreaks;and

development of effective vaccination strategy for disease control.

V O L U M E 1 . I S S U E 1 O C T O B E R , 2 0 1 1V O L U M E 1 . I S S U E 1 J U L Y - S E P T E M B E R , 2 0 1 1

PDA newsletter

A dairy hub staff trainee receives her certificate of graduation Members of PDA attending the Annual General Meeting

PDA: A Pictorial Glimpse