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Pathogenic Micro-organisms in

Gastrointestinal Tract

Dr. A.Aziz DjamalMSc.DTM&H.SpMK(K)

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  Gastro-intestinal tract )

  Respiratory tract ) All withcomplex

  Genitourinary tract ) mucosal

defence mechanism

  It is necessary as an interfacebetween non-sterile

  part of body and the sterile

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Mouth / Oral :

  ormall!

 The most n"mero"s n"m#er o$ #acterialspecies

  The most a#"n%ant #acterial content.

  Pathogens

  Streptococcus pyogenes

  Staphylococcus aureus

  Streptococcus mutans

 

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  'esophag"s The less prone to get in$ection %"e to

micro#e.

  'esophagitis is commonl! ca"se% #!irritation an%

  errosie inamation %"e to gastric aci%

re"*.

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  Gaster

  The onl! reporte% pathogenic #acteriaHelicobacter pylory :

  Spiral shape

  +-, micron in length  . / 0. micron in 1i%th

  Gram negatie

  2rease pro%"cing

  +-3 "nipolar agel

  Microaerophilic

 

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Other haracteristic :

  4an not a5or% to the high

'*!gen Press"re  ( nee% onl! +- 6 o$ '+ )

  4omple* "trient nee%

arro1 temp range 7, / , 8 4

 

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  !rimary "ost :

  H"man'ther primates

  Animal Model

  Mo"se

  Mongolian Ger#il

  G"inea Pig

  Gnoto#iotic Piglet

 

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  #ransmission :

  Mostly human to humantransmission

  'ral to oral

  9ecal to oral

  Deeloping co"ntries

  :arl! chil%hoo%

  ; 6 o$ pop"lation are in$ecte%.

  Deelope% co"ntries

  Mostl! a%olescent an% a%"lt

  , 6 o$ pop"lation are in$ecte%

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  H. pylory could be detected from $

  %ali&a

  'omitus

  Gastric re(ux  eces

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 Other %pecies :

  H. $elis Host 4at  Dog

  Mice

  H. mestelae Host 9erret

  H. acinon!chis Host 4heetah<Tiger<

'ther#ig cats

  H. Heelmannii Host H"man<

Dog< 4at<

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  !atholo*y

  Gastritis

  !eptic ulcerdisease

  Gastric adenoma

  MA+# +ymphoma

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 #ype of Gastritis

 0. !an-*astritis  4hronic inammation  Atroph!

  >ntestinal metaplasia

  Aci% secretion ?e%"ce%

  D"o%enal M"co"s ormal

  4linical 4on%ition Gastric "lcer

 

Gastric cancer

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  +, Antral Gastritis

  4hronic inammation  Pol!morph actiit!

  Aci% secretion >ncrease

  D"o%enal Gastricmetaplasia

  Actie chronic

inammation  4linical 4on%ition D"o%enal 2lcer

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 ", pylory has been associated

with :  4oronar! heart %isease  Dermatological %isor%er i%iopathic"rticaria

  A"toimm"ne th!roi% %isease

  Throm#oc!topathic p"rp"ra

  >ron De@cienc! anemia

  ?a!na"% s %isease

  Sclero%erma

  Migrain

  G"llain Barre S n%rome

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  ia*nosis :

  >nasie :n%oscop!  Gastric m"co"s #iops! 4"lt"re

 Histolog!

  on-inasie

  Bloo%  Salia

  2rine

  $eces

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  I.#%#I.A+

  D"o%en"m  Cej"n"m

  >le"m

  ?e%"ce% o$ '*!gen content

  Al=aline

  Bile secretions

ormall! Anaero#ic #acteria is the

pre%ominant Bacteroi%es sp

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  !atho*enic micro-or*anisms inintestinal :  Some Species o$ :ntero#acteriaceae

  Some species o$ i#rionaceae

  Some iral species

amily nterobacteriaceae :

  Genus :  :scherichia

  Salmonella

  Shigella  Kle#siella

  :ntero#acter

  Eersinia

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 sherichia coli :

  :nteroto*igenic :. coli -- St an% Ft:nteroto*in

  :nteroinasie :. coli / Shiga li=e to*in  :nteropathogenic :. coli /inammator!

:nterohaemorrhagic :. coli / to*in an%hemol!sin

  :nteroa%herent :. coli -- M"ltila!er

colon!

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  %almonella :

  Salmonella t!phi

  Salmonella parat!phi A < B< 4

  T!phoi% 9eer an% Salmonellosis  Mostl! 9oo% #orne %isease

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  %hi*ella :

  Shigella %!senteriae  Shigella sonnei

  Shigella shigae

  ot in >ntestine #"t in 4olon

  ecrotizing to*in

  Focal inammation 1ith

pse"%omem#rane

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  'ibrionaceae :

 i#rio cholerae 4lassic an%

:l Tor

  Strong:nteroto*in

  ater

#orne %isease  i#rio parahaemol!tic"s

  9oo%

poisoning

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  !atho*enic 'irus :

  ?ota ir"s

  Mostl! chil%ren "n%er !ears

  >nammator! on intestinal

m"co"s  :pithelial change in intestinalm"co"s

  Damage on M"cosal cilia  "tritional an% 1atera#sorption

 

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!atho*enesis :

0.A%here con%"cte% #! a gro"p o$ $actorsadhesins

+. >nasion #! seeral s"#stances

in&asins7. 'ercome the host %e$ence s!stem #!man!

$actors calle% efensins,. Damage o$ the host tiss"e or cells #! agro"p o$

s"#stances calle% a**ressins,

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  ia*nosis

Mostl! #! %etection o$ the #acteria Iantigen $rom

gastrointestinal secretion I content.

  Serolog!  Molec"lar