past simple & past continuous beginner level · web viewbeginner level julio 2010 universidad...
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Simple PastBeginner level
Julio 2010
Universidad Tecnológica de Nezahualcóyotl
Alberto Francisco Juárez Oliva.
2 Past Simple & Past Continuous Beginner level
Simple PastUSE 1 Completed Action in the Past
Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.
Examples:
I saw a movie yesterday.
I didn't see a play yesterday.
Last year, I traveled to Japan.
Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
Did you have dinner last night?
She washed her car.
He didn't wash his car.
USE 2 A Series of Completed Actions
We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on.
Examples:
I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00.
Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?
USE 3 Duration in Past
The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A duration is a longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.
Alberto Juárez Oliva 09/06/2010 Universidad Tecnológica de Nezahualcóyotl
3 Past Simple & Past Continuous Beginner level
Examples:
I lived in Brazil for two years.
Shauna studied Japanese for five years.
They sat at the beach all day.
They did not stay at the party the entire time.
We talked on the phone for thirty minutes.
A: How long did you wait for them?B: We waited for one hour.
USE 4 Habits in the Past
The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the same meaning as "used to." To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.
Examples:
I studied French when I was a child.
He played the violin.
He didn't play the piano.
Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?
She worked at the movie theater after school.
They never went to school, they always skipped class.
USE 5 Past Facts or Generalizations
The Simple Past can also be used to describe past facts or generalizations which are no longer true. As in USE 4 above, this use of the Simple Past is quite similar to the expression "used to."
Examples:
She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.
He didn't like tomatoes before.
Did you live in Texas when you were a kid?
People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past.
Alberto Juárez Oliva 09/06/2010 Universidad Tecnológica de Nezahualcóyotl
4 Past Simple & Past Continuous Beginner level
Past ContinuousFORM
[was/were + present participle “ing”]
Examples:
You were studying when she called. Were you studying when she called?
You were not studying when she called.
USE 1 Interrupted Action in the Past
Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.
Examples:
I was watching TV when she called. When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.
While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
What were you doing when the earthquake started?
I was listening to my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.
You were not listening to me when I told you to turn the oven off.
While John was sleeping last night, someone stole his car.
Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.
While I was writing the email, the computer suddenly went off.
A: What were you doing when you broke your leg?B: I was snowboarding.
USE 2 Specific Time as an Interruption
In USE 1, described above, the Past Continuous is interrupted by a shorter action in the Simple Past. However, you can also use a specific time as an interruption.
Examples:Alberto Juárez Oliva 09/06/2010 Universidad Tecnológica de Nezahualcóyotl
5 Past Simple & Past Continuous Beginner level
Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner. At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.
Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work.
IMPORTANT
In the Simple Past, a specific time is used to show when an action began or finished. In the Past Continuous, a specific time only interrupts the action.
Examples:
Last night at 6 PM, I ate dinner.I started eating at 6 PM.
Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.I started earlier; and at 6 PM, I was in the process of eating dinner.
USE 3 Parallel Actions
When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.
Examples:
I was studying while he was making dinner. While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.
Were you listening while he was talking?
I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.
What were you doing while you were waiting?
Thomas wasn't working, and I wasn't working either.
They were eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.
USE 4 Atmosphere
In English, we often use a series of parallel actions to describe the atmosphere at a particular time in the past.
Example:
When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad service.
Alberto Juárez Oliva 09/06/2010 Universidad Tecnológica de Nezahualcóyotl
6 Past Simple & Past Continuous Beginner level
USE 5 Repetition and Irritation with "Always"
The Past Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happened in the past. The concept is very similar to the expression "used to" but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."
Examples:
She was always coming to class late. He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
I didn't like them because they were always complaining.
While vs. When
Clauses are groups of words which have meaning, but are often not complete sentences. Some clauses begin with the word "when" such as "when she called" or "when it bit me." Other clauses begin with "while" such as "while she was sleeping" and "while he was surfing." When you talk about things in the past, "when" is most often followed by the verb tense Simple Past, whereas "while" is usually followed by Past Continuous. "While" expresses the idea of "during that time." Study the examples below. They have similar meanings, but they emphasize different parts of the sentence.
Examples:
I was studying when she called. While I was studying, she called.
Alberto Juárez Oliva 09/06/2010 Universidad Tecnológica de Nezahualcóyotl
Question Affirmative Negative
Did you read the newspaper?
Erica wrote a note
Joseph didn’t have many problems
Did Bob ride his motorcycle
Loren and Jessie went to Acapulco last week
My brothers were not at home Yesterday
Did the bride kiss her mother?
He was worried about the test
Silvia didn’t break my best friend heart
Did she cry all night long?
He spoke English all the time
They didn’t come to school today
Did it rain last night?
8 Past Simple & Past Continuous Beginner level
Complete the dialogue using the Past Simple tense.
Robert: Hi Alice, what __________ you __________ (do) last weekend?
Alice: I __________ (do) a lot of things. On Saturday, I __________ (go) shopping.
Robert: What __________ you __________ (buy)?
Alice: I __________ (buy) some new clothes. I also __________ (play) tennis.
Robert: Who __________ you __________ (play)?
Alice: I __________ (play) Tom.
Robert: __________ you __________(win)?
Alice: Of course I __________ (win)!
Robert: What __________ you __________ (do) after your tennis match.
Alice: Well, I __________ (go) home and __________ (take) a shower and then __________ (go)
out.
Robert: __________ you __________ (eat) in a restaurant?
Alice: Yes, my friend Jacky and I __________ (eat) at 'The Good Fork'
Robert: __________ you __________ (enjoy) your dinner?
Alice: Yes, we __________ (enjoy) our dinner very much thank you. We also __________ (drink)
some wonderful wine!
Robert: Unfortunately, I __________ __________ (go – NEGATIVE) out this weekend. I
__________ __________ (eat – NEGATIVE) in a restaurant and I __________ __________ (play –
NEGATIVE) tennis.
Alice: What __________ you __________ (do)?
Robert: I __________ (stay) home and __________ (study) for my test!
Alice: Poor you!
2. WAS or WERE?1. A man ___ walking his dog. 2. A lot of people ___ shopping.
a. was a. wasb. were b. were
3. Tom and Sarah ___ watching television. 4. Two teenage boys ___ fighting.a. was a. wasb. were b. were
5. Sally ___ jogging with her friend this morning. 6. Another man ___ watching her.a. was a. wasb. were b. were
7. The students ___ using the computer lab. 8. The young newly weds __ sleeping.a. was a. wasb. were b. were
9. A baby ___ crying. 10. A lot of people ___ working.a. was a. wasb. were b. were
Alberto Juárez Oliva 09/06/2010 Universidad Tecnológica de Nezahualcóyotl
9 Past Simple & Past Continuous Beginner level
3. Fill in the blanks with the simple past or past continuous form of the verbs.
A: Hi, Mary. I ________________ (see/neg.) you at school last Monday.
B: Hello, Bob. I ________________ (come/neg.) on Monday. I wasn't ________________ (feel) well,
so I ________________ (decide) to go to the doctor.
A: Oh! ________________ (be) it serious?
B: No, the doctor ________________ (examine) me and ________________ (tell) me I
________________ (have) the flu. He ________________ (prescribe) some medicine and
________________ (tell) me to go home and rest.
A: _________ you ________ (stay) home all day last Monday?
B: No, only in the morning. I ________________ (have) to work in the afternoon, and guess what?
A: What?
B: When a friend ________________ (drive) me home, he ________________ (crash) his car. He
________________ (see/neg.) the red light.
A: _________ anyone _________ (get) hurt?
B: Thank God, nobody ________________ (do).
A: I'm happy to hear that. Well, Mary, I have to rush now. While I ________________ (listen) to your
story, I ________________ (remember) that my wife ________________ (ask) me to go to the
mechanic to get our car. See you later. Take care.
A Lovely Day
Yesterday (1)___________ a lovely day. I (2)___________ on a picnic with my family. We
(3)___________ to Oatly Park. The weather was warm and (4)___________. We (5)___________
on the grass under a tree and (6)___________ a delicious lunch. It was very pleasant.
After lunch, we (7)___________ for a walk around the park and (8)___________. On the way home
we (9)___________ at a cafe for afternoon tea. It (10)___________ delicious, too. We had a very
nice day.
These are the words to choose from:
go sunny sit have drive go be be talk stop
READING COMPREHENSION
Out To LunchAll morning, all that Ted could think about was eating lunch. He got up late and did not get a chance
to eat breakfast before the school bus arrived. Ted was hoping to have a Ham sandwich. Ham is
Ted's favorite lunchmeat. Ted also enjoys apples, but doesn't like the yellow or green ones. At
lunchtime Ted ran to the cafeteria. When he got in line he asked for Ham sandwich, but they only
had Tuna and Turkey. Ted is allergic to Tuna, so he asked for the Turkey. He ate the sandwich so
fast that he gave himself the hiccups.
Alberto Juárez Oliva 09/06/2010 Universidad Tecnológica de Nezahualcóyotl
10 Past Simple & Past Continuous Beginner level
ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:1. Why is Ted so hungry for lunch?a. He ate too much b. He didn't eat breakfast todayc. He didn't eat lunch yesterday d. He didn't eat dinner yesterday
2. What is Ted's favorite lunch meat?a. ham b. turkey c. salami d. bologna
3. What color apple might you find in Ted's lunch box?a. yellow b. green c. red d. Ted doesn't like apples
4. Which lunch item should Ted never eat?a. ham b. turkey c. apples d. tuna.
Find Someone Who...
went to a movie this week ________ didn't take a bath today________
got up before 7:00 AM today________ didn't wear earrings today________
was born in May________ played basketball last week________
went to Acapulco last year________ kissed somebody today________
didn't have breakfast today________ ate a big breakfast today________
drank tea yesterday afternoon________ watched TV last night ________
A Terrible Day
Yesterday (1)___________ a terrible day. I (2)___________ to a barbeque at a friend's place. I
(3)___________ the bus to Fairfield but the bus was an hour (4)___________. Because I
(5)___________ late, everyone had already started eating. So, there (6)___________ no food left. I
was very (7)___________
On the way home, the bus (8)___________ a flat tire. Then I had to walk home but it
(9)___________ to rain. I (10)___________ very wet. I had a terrible day yesterday.
These are the words to choose from:
arrive be get start take go have be late angry
Alberto Juárez Oliva 09/06/2010 Universidad Tecnológica de Nezahualcóyotl
Basic Verb ListRegular Verbs -
Infinitive Present
3rd person
Preterit/Past
Participle Spanish
To ask ask, asks asked asked Pedir preguntar
To call call, calls called called Llamar
To change change, changes
changed changed Cambiar
To decide decide decides
decided decided Decider
To end end, ends ended ended Terminar
To help help, helps helped helped Ayudar
To land land, lands landed landed Aterrizar
To like like, likes liked liked Gustar
To love love, loves loved loved Amar
To look look, looks looked looked Lucir/Mirar
To move, moves moved
move moved Mover/Mudarse
To need need, needs
needed needed Necesitar
To play play, plays played played Jugar/tocar instrumento
musical
To show, show shows
showed showed Mostrar
To study study, studies
studied studied Estudiar
To talk talks talk talked talked Platicar
To turn turn, turns turned turned Voltear
To walk walk, walks
walked walked Caminar
To want want, wants
wanted wanted Querer
Irregular Verbs
Infinitive Present 3rd
personPreterit Past
ParticipleTranslation
be is am are was were been Ser/estar
begin begin begins
began begun Comenzar/empezar
break break breaks
broke broken Romper
bring bring brings
brought brought Traer
buy buy buys bought bought Comprar
catch catch catches
caught caught Atrapar
choose choose chooses
chose chosen Escoger
come come comes
came come Venir
cost cost costs cost cost Costar
cut cut cuts cut cut Cortar
do do does did done Hacer
drink drink drinks
drank drunk Beber
drive drive, drives
drove driven Conducir
eat eat eats ate eaten Comer
fall fall falls fell fallen Caer
feel feel feels felt felt Sentir
fight fight fights fought fought Pelear
find find finds found found Encontrar
fly fly flies flew flown Volar
forget forget forgets
forgot forgotten Olvidar
freeze freeze, freezes
froze frozen Congelar
get get gets got gotten Conseguir/
obtener
give give gives gave Given Dar
go go goes went gone Ir
have have has had had Tener
hear hear hears heard heard Oir
hide hide hides hid hidden Esconder/ocultar
hit hit hits hit hit Golpear
hurt hurt hurts hurt hurt Herir/lastimar/doler
keep keep keeps
kept kept Mantener/conserver
know know knows
knew known Saber/conocer
leave leave leaves
left left Dejar/abandoner
lend lend lends lent lent Prestart
let let lets let let Permitir
lose lose loses lost lost Perder
make make makes
made made Hacer
meet meet meets
met met Reunirse
pay pay pays paid paid Pagar
put put puts put put Poner
quit quit quits quit quit Renunciar
read read reads read read Leer
ride ride rides rode ridden Montar
say say says said said Decir
see see sees saw seen Ver
sell sell sells sold sold Vender
send send sends
sent sent Enviar
shake shake shook shaken Agitar
shakes
shut shut shuts shut shut Cerrar
sing sing sings sang sung Cantar
sit sit sits sat sat Sentar
sleep sleep sleeps
slept slept Dormer
speak speak speaks
spoke spoken Hablar
spend spend spends
spent spent Gastar/pasar tiempo
spread spread spreads
spread spread Extender/distribuir
steal steal steals
stole stolen Robar
stick stick sticks stuck stuck Pegar (resistol)
swim swim swims
swam swum Nadir
take take takes took taken Tomar/agarrar
teach teach teaches
taught taught Enseñar
tell tell tells told told Decir
think think thinks
thought thought Pensar
throw throw throws
threw thrown Arrojar
wake wake wakes
woke woken despertar
wear wear wears
wore worn Usar (ropa)
win win wins won won Ganar (competencia)
write write writes
wrote written Escribir
What did you do last weekend?
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