Past Perfect Tense

Had / Hadn’t

PAST PARTICIPLE OF THE VERB+

Past Perfect Tense

Present

FuturePast

We use the Past Perfect for:

Completed action before something in the past.

EXAMPLE:

She only understood the movie because she had read the book.

Past Perfect Tense

Present

FuturePast

We use the Past Perfect for:

Duration before something in the past (NON-CONTINUOUS VERBS)

EXAMPLE:

We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.

Affirmative

• I had been busy.• You had been busy.• He had been busy.• She had been busy.• It had been busy.• We had been busy.• They had been busy.

Subject + had + P.P. verb + Complement

Negative

• I hadn’t stopped walking.• You hadn’t stopped walking.• He hadn’t stopped walking.• She hadn’t stopped walking.• It hadn’t stopped walking.• We hadn’t stopped walking.• They hadn’t stopped walking.

Subject + had + not + P.P. verb + Complement

Hadn’t → Had not

Interrogative

• Had I listened to music ?• Had You listened to music ?• Had He listened to music ?• Had She listened to music ?• Had It listened to music ?• Had We listened to music ?• Had Theylistened to music ?

Had + Subject + P.P. verb + Complement ?

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Past Perfect Tense

Had Hadn’t