Part II Splanchnology

Chapter 8

The Reproductive System• The male reproductive organs

• The female reproductive organs

Section 1: The male reproductive organs

I . The general introduction: 2 parts

Internal Genital Organs:

gonad--- testis,

ducts --- epididymis,

ductus deferens

ejaculatory ducts

urethra

accessory glands---seminal vesicle

prostate

bulbourethral glands

External genital organs: scrotum,

penis

Ⅱ. The testis: The features of testes---

Paired oval-shaped organs

They are in the scrotum

(crypartt)

2 extremities,

2 surfaces,

2 borders:

Posterior border— (mesorchial border)

connected with the epididymis

Anterior border---

Ⅱ. The testis: The structure of testes:

12~13 efferent ductules of testis

tunica albuginea

mediastinum testis--- rete testis

septula testis

lobules of testis ---- (100-200) straight seminiferous tubules interstitial tissue of testis (secretes sexual hormones) convoluted seminiferous tubules ( produce sperms)

Ⅲ. The Epididymis:

Position: in the scrotum, attached to the posterior border

of the testis

External feature: 3 parts---

head,

body,

tail

Ⅲ. The Epididymis:

Structure:

efferent ductules (head)

a coiled duct of epididymis

(body, tail)

ductus deferens

Ⅳ. The ductus deferens: Four parts: the testicular part, the funicular (spermatic) part, inguinal part, pelvic part: longest part

----- ampulla ductus deferentis

Spermatic cord: ---soft round rope ---upper extremity of the testis → deep ring of inguinal canal ---main structure : ductus deferense, testicular artery pampiniform plexus of vein nervous plexus lymphatic vessels remnants of vaginal process ---three tunics : external spermatic fascia cremaster internal spermatic fascia

external spermatic fascia

cremaster

internal spermatic fascia

Ⅴ.The Ejaculatory duct: Formation: It’s formed by the union of the end portion of the

ductus deferens and the seminal vesicle duct. Position: It penetrated the base of the prostate, and opened into

the prostatic portion of urethra.

Ⅵ. The male urethra: it’s 15~20cm in length Three parts

The prostatic portion The membranous portion The cavernous portion

Three constrictions The internal orifice The membranous portion The external orifice

The three dilations The prostatic portion The bulbar portion of urethra The navicular fossa

The two curvatures The subpubic curvature The prepubic curvature It can be chan

Ⅶ. The prostate: Location---in the lesser pelvic. Between the urinary bladder

and the urogenital diaphragm; in front of the rectum and posterior to the pubic symphysis

Features--- Chestnut-shaped apex , base, anterior surface, posterior surface (a prostatic sulcus) the urethra passed it

Structure: 5 lobes

Ⅷ. The seminal vesicles: oval sacculated organs posterior to the fundus of urinary bladder open to the ejaculatory duct

Ⅸ. The bulbourethral gland

in the urogenital diaphragm

open to the bulbar portion of urethra

Ⅹ.The Scrotum:

2 layers---skin,

dartos (septum)

contents: testis,

epididymis,

spermatic cord

and its coverings

Ⅺ. Penis: External features: 3parts

head (glans) body root

Structures: --- three cavernous bodys: two cavernous bodys of penis one cavernous body of urethra --- albuginea of 3 cavernous bodies --- deep fascia of penis --- superficial fascia --- skin * Prepuce: skin is folded * Frenulum Prepuce