paratthyroid.pptx
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Hormon Parathyroid
Dr. Nanang Miftah F, SpPD
Bagian Endokrin dan MetabolikFK UNLAM- RS ULIN
![Page 2: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Kelenjar Parathyroid
A. Gross anatomy 1. Terdiri dari 4
bagian kelenjar paratiroid
2. Terletak di belakang kelenjar thyroid
![Page 3: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Parathyroid glandsMicroscopic anatomy
![Page 4: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Parathyroid glands1. oxyphil cells a. larger, polygonal cells b. unknown function
2. chief cell a. pale, acidophilic cytoplasm
b. secretes parathyroid hormone c. incr. blood Ca++ levels
![Page 5: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Fungsi Kelenjar Parathyroid(parathyroid hormone or “parathormone”)
• Meningkatkan Kadar Ca++ (calcium) dalam darah• Mekanisme Pengaturan Kalsium oleh PTH
1. Menstimulasi osteoklas untuk melepas kalsium dari tulang
2. Menurunkan sekresi Ca++ pada ginjal3. Mengaktifkan Vitamin D meningkatkan absorbsi Ca di
usus halus• Fungsinya berlawanan dengan hormon kalsitonin,
![Page 6: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
PTH release:1) stimulates osteoclasts2) enhances reabsorption of Ca++ by kidneys3) increases absorption of Ca++ by intestinal mucosal cells
Hyperparathyroidism- too much Ca++ drawn out of bone; could be due to tumor
Hypoparathyroidism- most often follow parathyroid gland trauma or after removal of thyroid--- tetany, muscle twitches, convulsions; if untreatedrespiratory paralysis and death
![Page 7: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Parathyroid
Target Action
Parathyroid(PTH)
BoneKidneyGI Tract
Calcium
![Page 9: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Calcium Homeostasis• Parathyroid
– most important endocrine regulator of calcium and phosphorus concentration in extracellular fluid (PTH)
– Targets receptors on bones and kidneys
• Calcitonin– C cells of Thyroid– Decreases mobilization
and uptake of calcium
Study Figure 9.45
![Page 10: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Feedback Loop• Negative feedback in calcium
homeostasis. A rise in blood Ca2+ causes release of calcitonin from the thyroid gland, promoting Ca2+ deposition in bone and reducing reabsorption in kidneys.
• A drop in blood Ca2+ causes the parathyroid gland to produce parathyroid hormone (PTH), stimulating the release of Ca2+ from bone.
• PTH also promotes reabsorption of Ca2+ in kidneys and uptake of Ca2+ in intestines.
![Page 11: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Calcium Homeostasis
![Page 12: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Parathyroid “C” Cells
PTH Calcitonin
BoneKidney
Intestine
BoneKidney
[Ca++] [Ca++]
Stim
ulat
e Stimulate
Inhi
bit
Inhi
bit
In plasma In plasma
Calcium Homeostasis
![Page 13: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Parathyroid Homeostatic Imbalances
Hiperparathyroid• Kadar calsium dalam
darah <<<• - ca >>• Terjadi Penumpukan
kalsium pada :– Ginjal– Gigi– Otot
![Page 14: paratthyroid.pptx](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5695d0221a28ab9b02911ff7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Hipoparatiroid
• Kalsium dalam darah <<
• Neuron hiperaktiv• Tetani spasme