Parasite and Diseases

Small Animal CDE

Canine Distemper

• Canine distemper is a contagious, incurable, often fatal, multisystemic viral disease that affects the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and central nervous systems. Distemper is caused by the canine distemper virus (CDV).

• Early symptoms include fever, loss of appetite, and mild eye inflammation that may only last a day or two. Symptoms become more serious and noticeable as the disease progresses.

• Widespread vaccination programs have dramatically reduced its incidence.

Canine Distemper

Canine Hepatitis

• Infectious canine hepatitis (ICH) is a highly contagious viral disease affecting the liver and other organs, and is caused by Canine Adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1). It is spread only among domestic dogs and wild dogs such as wolves, coyotes, and foxes and is not related to human hepatitis. Symptoms range widely, from mild to severe, and include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, jaundice, light-colored stool, and stomach enlargement.

• Vaccination against CAV-1 results in protection in 95% of puppies twelve weeks old and older. Two injections are recommended, the first by ten weeks of age and the second by fourteen weeks of age, with boosters either every year or every three years. Veterinarians vary in their opinions of how often boosters should be given.

Canine Hepatitis

Coccidia

Feline Aids

ELISA Test used to test for feline aids. Also confirmed using Western Blot Test. Symptoms include infections from common scratches, respiratory problems and wasting.

Symptoms of Feline Leukemia• Loss of appetite • Slow but progressive weight loss, followed by severe wasting late in

the disease process • Poor coat condition • Enlarged lymph nodes • Persistent fever • Pale gums and other mucus membranes • Inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and mouth (stomatitis) • Infections of the skin, urinary bladder, and upper respiratory tract • Persistent diarrhea • Seizures, behavior changes, and other neurological disorders • A variety of eye conditions • In unspayed female cats, abortion of kittens or other reproductive

failures

Feline Leukemia

Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)

• Affected cats often assume a typical "hunched" posture with the head between the forepaws. Sometimes the head will hang over a water bowl or food dish. They often act as though they would like to drink and may even take a lap or two of milk or water, but they are unable or reluctant to swallow. The hair coat becomes rough and dull and there is a loss of elasticity of the skin due to the dehydration. The third eyelid (the haw in the corner of the eye toward the nose) often appears. The abdomen is painful, and touching it will elicit a pain response. The lymph nodes in the abdomen are enlarged, and the digestive tract contains excessive amounts of gas and liquid. Cats that are not going to survive develop a subnormal temperature, with coma and death following in a few hours.

Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)

• The mortality rate in an outbreak of panleukopenia may vary from 25 to 75 percent. Acute deaths may occur, with kittens showing no warning signs, often causing the owner to suspect poisoning. More commonly, deaths occur within the first five days of illness in uncomplicated cases, or later in cases subsequently complicated by other problems. if a cat survives the first five days of illness, and secondary complications such as bacterial infections or dehydration do not develop, then recovery should follow fairly rapidly. it usually requires several weeks, however, for the animal to regain its lost weight and condition.

• A presumptive diagnosis of feline panleukopenia can be made by the veterinarian on the basis of the history, the clinical signs, and the presence of leukopenia.

• There are several excellent vaccines available to immunize cats against panleukopenia. These vaccines are highly effective and produce long-lasting immunity. Because panleukopenia is an entirely preventable disease, one cannot overemphasize the importance of proper immunization.

Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)

Fleas

Gingivitis

Heartworms

Hookworms

Kennel Cough• Kennel cough is most commonly associated with a bacterial

infection caused by the organism Bordetella bronchiseptica. While it is hard to be certain in veterinary medicine when discussing statistics, it is estimated that 80 to 90% of the cases of kennel cough are due to this organism. The other 10 to 20% of cases are caused by a variety of other infectious agents, most of them viral. Kennel cough has been associated with parainfluenza virus, adenovirus and canine distemper virus as well as the Bordetella bacteria.

• The infection tends to be mild except for a very harsh cough that often prompts owners to think that their dog "has something caught in his throat".

• In some dogs it can lead to pneumonia or more serious signs.

Kennel Cough

Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is a disease is caused by spiral shaped bacteria called leptospires.

Lice

Lyme Disease

Borrelia burgdorferi

Deer Tick

Malocclusion

Mites/Mange

Mites/Ear

Parvovirus

Pin Worms

Rabies