parari 22-11-2017 eelko van meerten - unsw canberra · innovative designs to improve medium calibre...
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Innovative Designs to Improve Medium Calibre Ammunition EffectivenessParari 22-11-2017Eelko van Meerten
© Rheinmetall AG I
Contents
Innovative Designs to Improve Medium Calibre Ammunition Effectiveness
Ground-to-ground & ground-to-air 30 & 35mm APFSDS-T
30 & 35mm KETF (ABM)
Navy application 30mm PELE-T
Air-to-ground 25mm FAP
22-11-2017
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
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© Rheinmetall AG I
Velocity
Spin Rate
DW508B
Long Rod (Fin Stabilised)
Range
Sub calibre Fin stabilised Fired with full spin High muzzle velocity (ca. 1400 m/s) Short time of flight Enhanced hit & kill probability Heavy metal alloy Co-free penetrator High penetration capability Insensitive Munition (IM) Designed to defeat modern armoured targets
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APFSDS-T key features(Armour Piercing Fin Stabilised Discarding Sabot – Tracer)
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
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Typical range target representing modern Infantry Fighting Vehicles
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APFSDS-T penetrator design
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
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© Rheinmetall AG I
Tungsten alloy Optimised against modern armour: High elongation (allow bending of penetrator) Flat nose, better penetration at oblique angles Spall after perforation of armour
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APFSDS-T penetrator design
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
Material properties adjustmentbroken long rod Complete long rod
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Neutralize Tank
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APFSDS-T
Operational capability
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
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© Rheinmetall AG I
Programmable time fuse Air burst ammunition Spin stabilised Muzzle velocity (ca. 1100 m/s) Enhanced hit & kill probability Very small explosive charge; lower hazard classification then HE Fragmentation capability & good penetration capability Heavy metal alloy sub projectiles Designed to defeat a wide range of targets: Soft material targets (helicopters, aircraft, trucks, boats) Lightly armoured targets (attack helicopters, BTR80) Urban targets (adobe, concrete, brick) Asymmetric threat, personnel targets
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Typical damage pattern
AB Mode
Pen Mode
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
KETF key features(Kinetic Energy Time Fuse)
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Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
KETF principle
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© Rheinmetall AG I 9
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
KETF principle
The Vo measurement of each round and adaptation of the fuse-time (compensation) according to the actual Vo will reduce the dispersion in depth significantly
Burst of 7 shots 35mm to a distance of 1.6 kmWithout muzzle velocity correction With muzzle velocity correction
Control the deployment of the sub-projectiles (distance to target)
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Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
KETF characteristics
Optimise payload for air defence, infantry fighting vehicles and RAM protection Small explosive charge opens the projectile body Due to the combination of projectile spin and velocity, the sub-projectiles
are ejected in a forward directed cone
~15°
Payload: Tungsten cylinders of;•35mm x 228 - 3.3g•35mm x 228 - 1.24g•30mm x 173 - 1.24g
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Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
KETF operational effectiveness vs aircraft
Projectiles programmed for airburst (burst of 3) Tungsten sub-projectiles perforated the outer skin
killing pilot and electronics inside
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Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
KETF operational effectiveness vs covered foxhole
Projectiles programmed for airburst Sub projectiles have been optimised for use against combatants Soldiers, weaponry and optics were killed
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Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
KETF operational Effectiveness vs commercial vehicle
Projectiles programmed for airburst (burst of 2) Sub-projectiles perforates the outer skin killing
internal components, driver and engine
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Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
KETF operational effectiveness vs main battle tank
1 Projectile programmed (air burst mode) to neutralize MBT All optical sights were hit and destroyed
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Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
KETF operational effectiveness vs urban area structure
1 Projectile un-programmed (impact mode) KETF projectile perforated wall releasing lethal tungsten sub-projectiles behind wall All standard fused ammunition like HE & MP were stopped by the adobe wall
Concrete wall Adobe wall
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Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
KETF operational effectiveness vs jet ski
1 Projectile programmed (air burst mode) Sub-projectiles killed jet-ski and personnel
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Neutralize Tank
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KETFProgrammed / Un-programmed
Operational capability
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
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© Rheinmetall AG I
Neutralize Tank
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KETF Programmed / Un-programmed
Operational capability
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
APFSDS-T
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© Rheinmetall AG I
Full calibre Spin stabilised Muzzle velocity (ca. 1100 m/s) Enhanced kill probability No fuse or explosives; Insensitive Munition (IM) Fragmentation capability & good penetration capability PELE-Pen: heavy metal alloy penetrator Designed to defeat a wide range of targets: Soft material targets (helicopters, aircraft, trucks, boats) Lightly armoured targets (attack helicopters, BTR80) Urban Targets (adobe, concrete, brick)
100% reliability
Typical damage pattern
PELE Light
PELE Pen
Available in: 30mm x 173
PELE-T key features(Projectile with Enhanced Lateral Efficiency - Tracer)
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Part II: Fragments by PELE effect( Adjustable between 30% and 100% )
Part I: Erosion by penetration
Part III: Penetration and/or PELE effect in next plates ( Adjustable between 0% and 70% )
High density material for tube I.e. tungsten, steel
low density material for Inner coreI.e. plastic or aluminum
kbar
4,81,6
-4,8-1,6
t = 17µs t = 27µs
Pressure distribution on penetrator
PELE-T characteristics
Typical damage pattern
Fragmentationprinciple
PELE Pen
PELE Light
Typical damage patternDifferent inner core medium:different projectile body break-up
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High blast effect and fragmentation just after first perforation
Perforation of last 0,5“ Mild steel plate representing an engine block of FIAC
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Immediate blast and fragmentation
Penetration
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KETF operational effectiveness
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Neutralize Tank
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Operational capability
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
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PELE-T
© Rheinmetall AG I
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
FAP key features(Frangible Armour Piercing)
20m
m x
102
FAP
PEA
280
25m
m x
137
FAP
PM
B 35
2
27m
m x
145
FAP
PEB
327
Full calibre to be used for aircraft guns(sub calibre available for IFV guns)
Spin stabilised High muzzle velocity (ca. 1000 m/s) Enhanced hit & kill probability No fuse or explosives; Insensitive Munition (IM) Frangible heavy metal alloy Co-free penetrator Good penetration capability & fragmentation capability Designed to defeat a wide range of targets: Soft material targets (helicopters, aircraft, trucks, boats) Lightly armoured targets (attack helicopters) Medium armoured vehicles (BTR80, BMP-2) Urban targets (adobe, concrete, brick)
Air to ground and air to air capability 100% reliability
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© Rheinmetall AG I
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
FAP characteristics High penetration capacity in combination with
radial fragmentation No explosive in projectile, insensitive ammunition Very lethal against both soft and hard targets
on short and long ranges
Fragmenttrajectories
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Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
FAP operational effectiveness vs helicopter
FAP perforates the light structure incl. lethal fragmentation inside target
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Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
25mm x 137 FAP ammunition for F-35ARequirement: One general purpose Non-DU 25mm round without explosives for both Air-to-Air and
Air-to-Ground employment Performance as defined in ORD (Operational Requirements Document): Ground targets incl. hard target (BMP 2 level) have to be defeated on long range (9000 FT)
for specific aircraft conditions Penetrator has also to be effective against soft targets
Combine RWMS 25mm Projectile with US-qualified primed cartridge case (OATK) and qualified propellant (St. Marks Powder - GDOTS):
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Integration
Propellant WC890 (US-qualified)
Primed Cartridge Case (US-qualified)
Projectile 25mm FAP
Gun specifications from GDOTS : Critical Item Development Specification (CIDS)
GAU22/A Gun System for JSF
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Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
25mm x 137 FAP development & qualification
Development funded by RNLAF Gun qualification funded by USAF Terminal ballistics: fulfilled Dispersion: fulfilled Structural integrity: fulfilled Environmental tests: fulfilled Functioning and casualty tests: fulfilled More than 10.000 25mm FAP rds successfully fired Result: 25mm FAP is officially qualified
by USAF for the GAU-22A (Nov. 2012) Next phase: Live Fire Tests & Evaluation Flight certification for F-35 (JSF) by USAF
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Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
25mm x 137 FAP live fire test & evaluation Firings performed by USAF Eglin AFB, fired out of pressure-barrel (2015): BMP1, BTR-60, Toyota pick-up truck, Combatants, Cobra helicopter, A7-D Corsair aircraft Targets were positioned on a slope to simulate realistic dive angles
China Lake, during F-35 flight tests (2017): CG-41 Patrol Boat will be added as target
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© Rheinmetall AG I
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
25mm x 137 FAP live fire test & evaluation
Results against all targets on 6500ft FAP proved to be a very effective anti-materiel round
USAF Trials European TrialsA7D
Corsair CobraToyotapickup BTR-60 BMP Combatant
Troops in the open
Urban structures
PGU-48/B(FAP)
++ ++ ++ ++ ++ -- -- ++
Target not in ORD!Air Burst munition required
Perforation
Fragment impact area
80 cm Adobe wall
A7D engine fuel feedline & hydraulics Cobra cockpit BMPToyata engine fire
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© Rheinmetall AG I
Development in close cooperation with RNLAF and USAF USAF Gun Qualification (3400 rounds) and LFT&E successfully completed USAF procured 12000 rounds for flight certification (OT&E) late 2017 RNLAF procured 1900 rounds for flight certification and operational testing,
to be started after finalizing USAF OT&E USAF procured first war stock order of ~48000 cartridges; delivery end 2017/start 2018 Small orders for internal testing from other users
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
25mm x 137 FAP (PGU-48/B) status
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© Rheinmetall AG I
Neutralize Tank
FAP
Operational capability
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
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© Rheinmetall AG I
All presented ammunition types are successfully fielded
Designing innovative ammunition will result in: Low hazard classification Safe storage and transportation Improved effectiveness against a wide range
of both soft and hard targets
Innovative Medium Calibre Ammunition
Summary
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