paramyxoviruses 副黏液病毒. objectives how many types of viruses under paramyxovirus. how many...
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Paramyxoviruses副黏液病毒
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Objectives• How many types of viruses under
paramyxovirus.• How many serotypes of each virus?• What is the status of Hemagglutinin and
Neuraminidase in each virus?• Vaccine MMR is for what viruses?• The pathogenesis and clinical symptoms
of each virus.• What drugs can be used to treat these
viruses?
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I. Classification
Family: Paramyxoviridae
genera: Morbillivirus --> Measles V. Paramyxovirus--> Parainfluenza V. & Mumps V. Pneumovirus --> Respiratory Syncytial V. (RSV)
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Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase
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RSV in MA104 cell RSV in Hep-2 cell
Measles in kidney cell Measles in kidney cell
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Replication in cytoplasm
Nucleus
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II. Measles virus
* Cause maculopapular rash(班及丘疹 )
* Has hemagglutinin, no neuraminidase
* One serotype
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Measles
SSPE: SubacuteSclerosingPanencephalitis亞急性硬化泛腦炎
* Systemic infection
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Epidemiology• * One of the most infectious diseases
* Occurred in Winter and Spring in preschool children* 85% infected cause disease; 4 million death before 5-year old each year * 1-3 years/ cycle
• * 1/1000 become encephalitis; 1/1 million become SSPE, (teenage and young adult)
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Pathogenesis
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Clinical Syndromes• Fever--> Koplik's spot (marker for clinical
diagnosis) --> rash
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IV. Mumps viruses
• Cause parotitis, similar to parainfluenza virus infection
• With hemagglutinin and neuraminidase
• One serotype
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Pathogenesis
• Humans are the only natural hosts.• Mumps is a systemic viral disease.• Nasal or upper respiratory tract epithelial cells -->
viremia --> salivary glands (parotid gland)
• Difficult to control the transmission because of the various incubation periods ---> (7-25days).
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Mumps virus
* Systemic infection
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Epidemiology
• Worldwide infection, occurred
endemically in Winter or Spring.
• Incubation period is about one week
• 90% infected before age of 15
• Aerosol or personal contact
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Clinical Syndromes
• 1/3 subclinical; 95% of the patients with
swelling of the salivary gland.
• Malaise and anorexia --> enlargement of
parotid glands
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Treatment, Prevention and Control
• No-antiviral treatment
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III. Parainfluenza virus
• With hemagglutinin and neuraminidase
• 4 serotypes
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Pathogenesis
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Paramyxovirus
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Clinical Syndromes
• Laryngitis, croup, tracheobronchitis and pneumonia
• Cause common cold: sneezing, nasal-obstruction or-discharge, sore throat, headache, mild cough, malaise, and chillness.
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Epidemiology
• Newborn or children under 5 year old
• Occurred in Fall
• Hospital people may get infected
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Treatment, Prevention and Control
• Hot steam, spread therapy (upper respiratory tract infection)
• No effective vaccine
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Paramyxovirus in RhMK cellsHemadsorption
Unfected cells
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V. Respiratory Syncytial Virus
• Localized respiratory tract infection
• First discovered in chimpanzee
• without hemagglutinin, neuraminidase
• With glycoprotein and fusion protein
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Pathogenesis
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Respiratory syncytial virus
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Clinical Syndromes
• Running nose
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Epidemiology
• Occurred in Winter• Spread through hands or aerosol
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Treatment, Prevention and Control
• Treatment: drug--> ribavirin
• Prevention:prevent cross contamination
• Vaccine: NA