paradigm shift in the american diet - oldways · the american diet: changing social norms according...
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Paradigm Shift in the American Diet:
Changing Social Norms
According to Christopher Gardner PhD – Nutrition Science
Professor of Medicine Stanford University
Stanford Prevention Research Center
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Nutrients Foods Food Patterns
! !
Health ! Stealth
Food Systems Approach !
University Food Hospital Food Worksite Food
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Institute of Functional Medicine 2014 – San Francisco
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Diets
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Veggies
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Veggies
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Sugar
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White Wheat Flour
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White Wheat Flour
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Diets
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Bacon & Sausage
30% fat, choose
healthy fats
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Whole grains (Wheatberries)
Consider grains as a condiment
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November 1 2015
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Industrial production destroyed both the taste and the nutritional value of wheat
One scientist believes he can undo the damage
Against the grain
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Areas of Common Ground
" Maximize Vegetable Intake
" Decrease Added Sugars
" Decrease Refined Grains
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Do Genotype Patterns Predict Weight Loss Success for Low Carb vs. Low Fat Diets? R01 DK091831 (2013-17) + NuSI
n=609 BMI 28-40 kg/m2
non-diabetic generally healthy adults 18-50 yrs ~55% women
Low Carbohydrate (n=305) .
Low Fat (n=304) Months 0 12 3 6
INTERVENTION: 22 group classes, 15-22 participants/group
XXXXXXXX X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
WEIGHT (1° outcome) X X X XBlood (DNA, lipids, glucose, insulin, OGTT, cytokines) X X (no OGTT) X X
X X X XDiet Assessment (NDS-R)
Psychosocial (Questionnaires) X X X XDEXA, REE (Metabolic cart) Other: Microbiome (fecal samples) Adipocytes (fat biopsies), Other – Various times points, specific cohorts
X X X
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Genetic predisposition
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Metabolic predisposition
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Microbiotic Predisposition
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One Diet Does Not Fit All Study
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Health ! Stealth
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Food & Society Hum Bio 166
Eric Hekler, PhD
Tom Robinson, MD
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Food & Society Hum Bio 166 Films Books
Eric Hekler, PhD
Tom Robinson, MD
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Food & Society Hum Bio 166 Films Books
Assignments " Write an Op-Ed, try to publish
" You Tube – Behavior change for peers
" Blogging
Eric Hekler, PhD
Tom Robinson, MD
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Food & Society Hum Bio 166 Films Books
Assignments " Write an Op-Ed, try to publish
" You Tube – Behavior change for peers
" Blogging
Conducted a “stealth” study with students
Eric Hekler, PhD
Tom Robinson, MD
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American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2010;38(5)543–547
Effects of a College Course About Food and Society on Students’
Eating Behaviors Eric B. Hekler, PhD, Christopher D. Gardner, PhD, Thomas N. Robinson, MD, MPH
Purpose: This paper aims to examine whether an innovative educational course focused on societal-level issues related to food and food production (Food and Society) would promote healthful eating among college students.
Results: The students who took the Food and Society course reported signifıcantly improving their healthful eating…
Conclusions: The results suggest that it may be possible to change dietary behaviors in college students by focusing on social, ethical, cultural, and environmental issues related to food and food production.
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!4!3!2!10123456
Healthful)Diet)Score*
))Vegetables*
High)Fat)Dairy**
High)Fat)M
eat
Sweets
Fruit
Processed)Foods
Food,&,Society Other,Courses
Changes in Reported Dietary Intake (from beginning to end of winter quarter, 2009)
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
Servings per day
Mean +/- SEM
p-value p<0.05 p<0.01 p<0.1 p<0.1
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!4!3!2!10123456
Healthful)Diet)Score*
))Vegetables*
High)Fat)Dairy**
High)Fat)M
eat
Sweets
Fruit
Processed)Foods
Food,&,Society Other,Courses
Changes in Reported Dietary Intake (from beginning to end of winter quarter, 2009)
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
Servings per day
Mean +/- SEM
p-value p<0.05 p<0.01 p<0.1 p<0.1
Significantly greater increase in composite score for healthy diet index: +0.7 +/- 0.2 vs. +0.2 +/- 0.2 (p<0.01)
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Jennifer Hartle, DrPH
Food Systems
& Food
Studies
Academic Programs
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Food Systems Approach !
University Food Hospital Food Worksite Food
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Greg Drescher Vice President Strategic Initiatives
Unapologetically Delicious
Shift in program: More emphasis on
Health and Sustainability
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Boston&College&
Cornell&
Kansas&State&
Northeastern&
Princeton&UCLA&
MC#URC& Menus&of&Change&University&Research&Collabora8ve&
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Reimagining Nutrition Education At Stanford Medical School
Tracy Rydel, MD
Tim Dang 2nd year
Maya Adam MD
Michelle Hauser
MD, Chef
Tina Cowan, PhD Steven Sloan, MSTP Biochemistry
Christopher Gardner
PhD
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Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention
General Services Administration
2012
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Organic Local
Seasonal Sustainable
Integrated pest management Pesticide free
Free Range Pasture raised Grass finished
Humanely raised
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June Jo Lee - Hartman Group
Consumer Demand: Fresh and
Minimally Processed
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The Decline of ‘Big Soda’ The drop in soda consumption represents the single largest change in the American diet in the last decade. OCT. 2, 2015
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Airport Food - Redefined
San Francisco International Terminal
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Nutrients Foods Food Patterns
! !
Health ! Stealth
Food Systems Approach !
University Food Hospital Food Worksite Food
Paradigm Shift in the American Diet: Changing Social Norms