Paper Evolutions Exploring digital and physical paper futures

Anu Seisto

Heidy van Beurden

Paul Egglestone

John Mills

September 2015

Table of contents

Introduction 3

Interactivetravelcatalogue 5

Cookiebox,LesMacarons:interactiveandsafe 6

Papercodeinteractivecards 7

EKKOandInterface:connectingprinttotheweb 8

Interactivesoundposters 9

BatMat:printedbatteriesonpaper 10

WiFi-blockingwallpaper 11

Flexibleprintedelectronics 12

Lighttags 13

Noise-absorbingpaper 14

Flexprint:smartlabels,sensorsandrelatedprintedfunctionalities 15

Cardboardsurfboard 16

Re-board:howstrongispaperboard? 17

Tomatobox/book 18

Cacaoshells 19

Activeflowerpot 20

Paperisuniversal.Weinteractwithiteverydayinamultitudeofdifferentforms,anditmeetsalmostaninfinitenumberofpurposes.Thisexhibitionlookstothefuture.Itseekstoexplorehowpaperandprintcanmeetnewdemands,createnewinnovationsandcombinewithdigitalplatformstocreatenewopportunities.Itspansre-inventionofexistingusesandexploresnewpaperproductsandservices.Fromsuper-rigidstructures,thecapacitytoinsulateagainstextremenoiseortemperatures,combiningthephysicalanddigitalandcreatingweb-connectedcapacitivetouchpagesorsmartpackagingthatlinkstoyourmobilephone,PaperEvolutionsofferspotentialpaperformsthatcouldemergeinthenearanddistantfuture.

ProvidedbyboththeCOSTActionNetworkandthePAPERBreakthroughsexhibition,the

16exhibitsdemonstrateanumberofthemes.Theseincludeexploringthephysical-digital worldandhowpapercanfindaplaceandoffernewvalueinadigitalecosystem.Examplesincludepackagingthatincorporatessensorsanduniquecombinationsofpaperandaudio/visualmediathatcreatenoveluserexperiencesorimmersiveenvironments.Wealsopresenthereastrongthreadofpaperforsocial good.Theseincludeproductsorprototypesthatprovideenvironmentalbenefitorcomplementhealthandwellbeing.Wealsoexplorehownatural fibres and eco-friendly materialssuchascacaoshellsorbiodegradablesensorscouldbeusedasorwithinpaper-basedproducts.Asyou’llsee,someexamplesspansomeorallofthesethemes,somearelocatedfirmlywithintheirchosenfield.Alltrytoinnovatewithwhatispossible.

Bylookingbeyondtheareasofdigitalandprintalonewestresstherelevanceofpaperfibresforawiderangeofsocialissues,demonstratingthatinnovationcancomefromunexpected(cross-sector)areas.Forexample,theinclusionofcardboarditemsarenotsimplyaboutbeautifuldesignbuttheyemphasizethestrengthandflexibilityofthematerialandhencetheabilitytoreplacecommonlyusedplastic,foamorsteelinproductionchains.ThisisrelevantforengineeringandarchitectureaswellasforICTandthe3Dprintingmovement.Thevalueofsomeoftheobjectsondisplayliesmainlyinthescientificresearch,exploringthecharacteristicsofpaper-tactility,recyclability,flexibilityandlightweight-tothemaximum.

3

Paper Evolutions Exploring digital and physical paper futures

Anu Seisto

Heidy van Beurden

Paul Egglestone

John Mills

COST ActionInanEUfundedCOSTActionFP1104,thefocushasbeenonnewpossibilitiesforprintmediaandpackagingthatmaybeachievedthroughcombiningprintwithdigital.Inthisexhibition,someexamplesofinnovativewaysofutilizingthebenefitsoftangibleproductsanddigitalservicesareprovided.TheActionhasaimedatpromotingdiscussiononthebenefitsthatmaybeachievedfromnovelcombinationsofprintanddigitalthroughbringingtogetherexpertsfromvariousfields.Inournetworkingmeetings,thetopicshavevariedfromtechnologicalopportunitiestochangingconsumerbehaviourandgameresearch.Thenetworkhasalsosupportedactivediscussionbetweentheacademiaandindustry.

PAPER BreakthroughsPAPERBreakthroughsisthetitleofboththepublicationandatravellingexhibitionaboutEuropeananswerstosocietalchallenges,madewithpaperandcardboard.Theaimofthisinitiative(HVBCommunicatie,HeidyvanBeurden,Amsterdam)istotranslatevaluableandunexpectedtechnologicalknowledgetovariousareasofexpertisewithaninterestininnovationandsustainability.Seealso:www.paper-innovation.com

Our paper exhibits here

hope to inspire, challenge

and delight. Taken from

a range of countries,

companies and researchers,

they demonstrate what is

possible for products,

services and digital

connectivity. And, perhaps

most importantly, they

hope to fire the imagination.

List of exhibitors

VVTTechnicalResearchCentreofFinlandLtd•StoraEnso•Bumaga•UniversityofCentralLancashire•Novalia•StuttgartMediaUniversity•CentreTechniqueduPapier•WelshCentreforPrintingandCoating•UniversityofSurrey•Hysch•UniversityofPardubice•UniversityofExeter•Grano•TheGreeneryandSchutPapier•Callebaut

4

Areyoureadytoexplorethepossibilitiesofaninteractivetravelcatalogue?Wewanttosparkyourimaginationwithanexample,whereaprintedtravelcataloguecantakeyoutoawinterwonderlandtoseethemagnificentAuroraBorealis.

BybrowsingthroughtaggedpagesoftheInsider’sGuidetoFinland,youareabletoexperienceawholenewkindofprintedproductthatliterallybringsthepicturesalive.Whilereadingthisdesignbrochure,youcanalmostsmellthefreshairasyoustandonapieratoneofthethousandlakes;oryoucanhearthepebblesunderneathyourbikewheelsasyoucyclethroughthecountryside.

Operationofthisinteractiveexperienceisbasedonopticalrecognitionofmarkertagsfromcataloguepageswithtwocamerasembedded

withthechairusedintheinstallation.Music,soundeffects,imagesandvideosarecomposedasacontinuousaudiovisualpresentationthatfluentlysynchronizeswiththematerialauserisreading.

Thiscross-mediaconceptwasfirstcreatedincollaborationwithUPM,VTTTechnicalResearchCentreofFinlandandtheFinnishTouristBoard.

Interactive travel catalogue

TatuHarviainenandAnuSeistoVTTResearch

5

LesMacaronscookieboxfromStoraEnsocombinesinnovativedesignoftraditionalluxuryconfectionaryandbakerypackagingwithinteractivefeaturestohelpcustomersensureproductsafetyforthemselvesandtheirendcustomers.

DesignedbyStoraEnsoConsumerBoardNewBusinessDevelopmentteam,thepackagestructureenablesahiddenNFC-label,separateantennaandICstructurestobeprinteddirectlyontheluxurypackagingboard,andalaminatedMFC(microfibrillatedcellulose)filmtocreateawindowintothepackaging.

ThispremiumpackagingprovidesimportantallergenicinformationforcustomersviaNFCtagandmobilephoneapplication.Themobileappalsodemonstratesthefutureendusepossibilitiesforcustomerinteraction

withpackaging.Customerscanentertheirallergenicingredientsintoapplicationanditwillalertiftheproductcontainstheseharmfulsubstances.

InadditiontoNFCinteraction,thepackagealsocontainsaUHFRFIDantennaandchipwithtamperevidentfunctionality.Thisenablesretailerstoensurethatproductisgenuine,safeandhasn’tbeentamperedwith,forexampleduringtransportation.

Safe for the customer and for the environmentThecookieboxdemonstratestheimportanceofpackagingtoprovidesafeproductsforconsumers.Thepackaginganditsinnovativefeatures-suchasmobileinteraction-hopestobeanimportantenabler,especiallyforgroupssuchasthosewithspecialdietaryorpersonswithpoorsight.Detailedinformation,

suchasnutritionalvalue,canalsoberecordedelectronically.

Naturalfiber-basedboardpackagingismadeoutofrenewablematerialandprovidesaclimate-friendlyalternativetomanyproductsmadefromnon-renewablematerials.Italsohasasmallercarbonfootprint.Allthematerialsinthedemonstratorpackagingarerecyclableinnormalboardrecyclingprocesses.

Cookie box, Les Macarons

Interactive and safe

SimoSiitonenInnovationandR&DConsumerBoardStoraEnso

6

PapercodeInteractivecardsprovideanopportunitytoreleaseanddistributedigitalcontentonmobiledevicesandcombinephysicalmediainaninteractivewayonadigitalplatform.Basedonsignalsfromthemarket,contentreleasedthroughmobiledeviceswillshowastrongtrendinthecomingyears.Theconceptisbasedonacodethatisembeddedintheprintonacardtounlockandreleasecontentonamobiledevice.Withamobiledeviceandacoderecognitionapp,theonlythingusershavetodoistomakesurethecardtouchesthescreentohavetheapprecognisethecodeandunlockthecontent.

Thecodeconsistsofapatentedprintingtechnologyusingaspeciallydevelopedinkwithaconductingproperty,whichisnotvisibletotheconsumer.Also,thecodecannot

becopiedorreproducedwhichmakesitaperfectcombinationwithsecurityprintingtoelectronicallysecureandverifyforexampleticketsorvalueandsecuritypapers.Theinkcanbeeasilyintegratedincurrentprintingprocesses,anddoesnotneedanynewapproaches.

Duringdevelopment,differentprinttechniquesaswellasinkthickness,reproducibilityandsustainabilitywereoptimised.Variouscoatingsandbasepapersweretestedtogeneratethebestendresult.

Sincethecontentstructureislinkedtoadatabaseandcanincludedifferentlevelsandavailablefeatures,thenextphasewillbefocusedtowardsthedevelopmentofthesoftwaretogeneraterandomcodesandtolinkthistoadatabaseconsistingofuniqueinformation.

AsdifferentPapercodecardscanactivatedifferentcontent,ultimatelyendlessinteractiveexperiencescanbecreated.Futureuseexamplesareloyaltycampaignsandincentives,mailings,productverificationorproductsecurity,educativeprojects,andinteractivecardgames.

PapercodeisacooperationbetweenNetherlands-basedcompaniesBergmanMediaGroupandDrukkerijHazenberg.Bothcompaniesareactiveinthegraphicalindustry,whereBergmanusedtobeanoffsetprinterwhonowspecialisesininnovativeprojects,andHazenberghasahugereputationinsecurityprinting.

Papercode interactive cards

SanneTiekstraBumaga

7

Harnessingconductiveinks,‘affordablehardware’andthewebconnectivity,thiscollaborativeprojectfromtheUKexploreshowphysicalprintcouldofferarangeofnoveldigitalinteractions.Byconnectingour‘EKKO’cliptoarangeofpaperprototypes,eachdesignedwithaconductiveinkmatrix,printistransformedintodigitallyconnectedinterfaces.Userscanaccessaudiomaterial,voteorcontrolaweb-basedgameviatheprintviaanaccompanyingapp.Publishersalsocanmanagethecontent,andgenerateanalyticdatafromusers,viatheaccompanyingcontentmanagementsystem-Interface.

DevelopedbytheMediaInnovationStudioincollaborationwithcreativeagenciesUniformandThomasBuchanan,theprojecthasalsoteamedupwithindustrycontentpartnersspanningnewspapers,magazinesandbook

publisherstocreatearangeofeditorialexperiencesthatre-imaginepaperasaweb-connected,andupdatableplatform.

Super 8 and StuffOur‘Super8’prototypeexploreshowalocalnewspaper-theLiverpoolEcho-couldofferaudioandupdatablecontent.ProducedforfootballerStevenGerrard’sfinalgameforLiverpool,eachfootballiconactivatesanaudioreportaspecialandimportantgoalthroughouthiscareer.TheMLSbuttonofferssomethingdifferent.Takingadvantageof‘Interface’,anditsabilitytosendcontenttoapaperalreadyprintedanddistributed,thisbuttonallowsanewsroomtosendupdatededitorialforuserstoconsumeandenjoylongafterthepublicationdate.Inthiscase,forMLSupdatesoverthecourseofthenextseason.

‘Stuff’magazineutilisesEKKO’spropertiestocreateagamescontroller.Oncetheclipisconnected,itallowsreaderstoaccessasimpleonlinegamethatcanbeplayedbytappingthefrontcoverofthemagazine.We’reexcitedabouttheconceptofpaperbeingre-imaginedasanemergentdigitalplatform,andwherethisresearchcanlead.Inthecomingyearwehopetoexplorearangeofuser-scenariosbeyondspanningtransport,healthcareandthemusicindustry.

EKKO and Interface

Connecting print to the web

PaulEgglestoneandJohnMillsMediaInnovationStudioUniversityofCentralLancashire

8

Theinteractiveposters,createdbyNovaliafromtheUK,actasaprintedsensorthatreacttothetouchofyourfingertips,triggeringsound.KateStone,founderofNovalia,explains:“Thedigitalsouliswonderful:theabilitytotouch,theconnectivityandtheabilitytocollectdata.Weaimtotapthissoulintoprint,hiddenwithinthesurfacesofbeautifullydesignedobjectsandthroughmaterialsthatwehavebeenfamiliarwithforages.”

Drum posterYoucantouchtheprintedimageofthedrumonthepaperwithyourfingertipsandplayrealmusic.Ontheothersideofthepaper,thereverseofthedrumimageisprintedwithacircuitusingconductivecarbonink,allowingelectronflow.Thiscircuitisconnectedtoabatterypoweredelectronicsoundchip,runningsoftwaretorecognisewhichareaonthepaper

istouched,andaccordingly,allowingsoundtoplay.Alternatively,aBluetoothchipcanbeconnectedtotheprintedcircuit.Thisallowsthepostertowirelesslyconnectandcontrolanapponmobiledevices,whichwillalsoactasthespeaker.Novaliauseconventionalprintingprocessessuchasscreenprintandflexoprint,allowingflexibilityandeaseofmanufacture.

DJ Decks from a piece of paperTheworld’sfirstinteractivepaperDJdeckswerecreatedforscratchingDJQBert’salbumExtraterrestria.TheywirelesslyconnectandcontrolAlgoriddim’sDJAYapplicationfromapieceofpaperwiththeuseofconductiveink,BluetoothandAppleMIDI,thedigitalinterfacetoconnectelectronicmusicwithcomputersandwitheachother.Userscanscratch,mixandfadeanysongstheyloadintothesoftware.

Piano on the moveYoucanusethepianotocomposemusiconthemove.ThisinteractivepapersheetwirelesslycontrolsapplicationsfromMIDIonApple’smobileoperatingsystemiOS,withuseofconductiveink,capacitivetouchandBluetooth.

Interactive sound posters

KateStoneNovalia

Source

PAPERBreakthroughs,2015

9

Batteriescanbeeithernon-rechargeableorrechargeableandhavebeenwellknownforgenerations.Typically,theyarehousedinametalcuporcan.Duringthelastfewyears,printingtechnologieshaveexploredalternativewaystomanufacturebatteries.Printingprocessesofferflexiblesubstratesandgreaterdesignfreedomtoshapethebatteries. DuringtheBatMatresearchprojectinGermany(www.batmat.info)batterymaterialswereinvestigatedandimprovedwhenfabricatedbyprintmanufacturingprocesses.Materialsincludedthinandflexiblebatteries,andbothnon-rechargeable(Zn/MnO2)andrechargeable(Ni/MH). Oneoftherequirementsofbatteryhousingsisthattheymustprovideacertainbarriertomoisturesincethebatterycontainsan

electrolytethathastobekepthumidduringthebatterylifetimetoenablethenecessaryiontransport.Therefore,compositefoilswithbarrierpropertiescanbeused,butalsopapersubstratesthatcontainbarrierlayers. TheexhibitshowssamplesofprintedbatteriesonpapersubstratethathavebeenfabricatedduringtheBatMatproject.

BatMat

Printed batteries on paper

ProfessorGunterHübnerStuttgartMediaUniversity

10

Thebenefitsofabundantnetworkconnectivityareclear,butitalsopresentschallengestodatasecurityandhealth.Businessesandgovernmentalorganisations,forexample,faceanincreasedriskofhackedaccountsandinhospitalspatientscanbeexposedtosignals,andareasfreeofelectromagnetismareneeded.

CentreTechniqueduPapier(CTP)inGrenoble,France,hascreatedwallpaperthatselectivelyblockselectromagneticfields,whereasotherwavessuchasthoseformobilephone,radiooralarmclockcontinuetopassthrough.Specialconductiveinkisusedonconventionalpaper,whichisreallyonlythecarrierinthisinnovation.Thedifferentiatoristhepatternofthedesign,whichlookslikeice-crystalsandisprintedinsuchawaythatonefigurenevertouchesanother.Bychangingthesizeoftheicecrystalsyoucanshiftfrequenciesandblock,for

example,wavesformobilephones,whichcouldberelevantfortheatresandschools.

“Thisknow-howisthebaseforlow-costtraditionalorchip-lessRFIDmanufacturingorothersmartsystemsneedingenergyharvesting,andthuselectricalconductivelines”,saysGuyEyminPetotTourtolletfromCTP.

WiFi-blocking wallpaper

Protecting data and health

GuyEyminPetotTourtolletCentreTechniqueduPapier

Source

PAPERBreakthroughs,2015

11

TheWelshCentreforPrintingandCoatingdemonstratesarangeofprintableelectronicsonflexiblesubstrateswhichcouldbeintegratedintoprintedproductsortoaddfunctionalitytoobjects.

ThefirstisaflexiblelightbasedonmicroLEDlamp.MicroLED(approx27µm)haveahigherconversionefficiencythanaconventionalLED.TheMicroLEDwithatopandbottomelectricalconnectionhavebeenmadeinaconventionalsiliconfabricationplants,slicedintoindividualshapedLEDsanddispersedintoanink.Aconductivesilverisprintedasthebaseconnection,andthenalayeroftheLEDs.TheuniquegeometryoftheLEDsleadstothefluidforcesorientatingthemduringcuringtoenableelectricalconnectionandpreferentiallightemission.Additionofdielectricandtransparentconductorcreatesafully-rollto-rollprintableflexiblelight.Thishaspotentialintheproduction

ofarealightingorlocaliseddisplays.ThesecondisaflexibleElectro-luminescent(EL)signwhichwasdesignedtofitonthevisorofanemergencyvehicle.ELhasthepotentialtocreatesignageoverlargeareas.Allthecomponentsonthissignwerescreenprinted.

Wehavealsodevelopedagraphene-enabledpressuresensorarraybasedonapatentednoveldesignusinggrapheneenabledinks.Thesensoristhethinflexiblefilmlocatedonthetopofthebox.Ithasapressurerangethatcanbeadjustedtocovervariableresponsesfrom0.1Nto3000N.Thedynamiccapabilityenablesittobeuseforthestudyofimpactsforces.Potentialapplicationsincludehealthcare(patientmonitoringandrehabilitation),elitesports(footforcesandimpactloads),security,footfallanalysisformarketapplicationsandseatsensors.Ascriptwascreatedbyprintingfinesilverlines

usingtheOptimecaerosolprinter.ThesewerethencoatedwithmicrophosphorsfromDSTInnovationstocreateaMicroELsign.Thishaspotentialforminiaturesignagethatcouldbeincludedintolineofsightwearabledevicesandalsointoaddressabledisplays.Theadditionoffunctionalisedgraphenenanoplatelets(GNPs)andcarbonnanomaterialsintoathermoplasticmaterialhasenabledthecreationof3Dprintedobjectswhichhaveenhancedelectricalandthermalproperties.Thesecaneitherbedirectlyprintedasinthesignandthesensorinthetopcornerorusedtoenhancethepropertiesofaconventionallymouldedproduct(albeitproducedfroma3Dprintedmould).Currentworkisfocusedonimprovingtheresolutionofthe3Dprintedproductandtheformulationofthecompositetocreatebothconductiveandsemiconductormaterials.Thisisthefirststeptowardsrealising3Dprintedelectronics.

Flexible printed electronics

TimC.ClaypoleWelshCentreforPrintingandCoatingSwanseaUniversity

12

Paperhasbeenwithusformanythousandsofyearsandstillhaspropertiesthatwecontinuetoenjoyinthedigitalage.Ratherthanreplacingpaperwithe-readersandscreentechnology,weaiminthisprojecttoconnectpapertodigitalinformation,especiallysound.

InapreviousresearchprojectcalledInteractiveNewsprintweexploredthepropertiesofconnectingpapertothewebthroughinteractiveregionswhichregisteredhumantouchandplayedbackassociatedsound.Oneofthechallengesoftheprojectwasinprintingtheseregionsandassociatedelectroniccomponentsonthepaperitself.LighttagsisanewprintedelectronicstechnologyfromSurreyUniversitywhichmakesthiseasier.Ithasthepotentialtounlockanumberofcommercialapplicationsofinteractivepaperintheprintandpackagingindustry.Inthisprojectweaimtocreateproof

ofconceptdemonstratorsofthetechnology,andcollectfeedbackfrombothendusersandindustryrepresentatives.

Theprojectranfor9monthsfrom1stJuly2014andinvolvesacollaborationbetweenDigitalWorldResearchCentreandtheAdvancedTechnologyInstituteattheUniversityofSurrey,andraninpartnershipwiththeWelshCentreforPrintingandCoatingatSwanseaUniversity.

Lighttagsisco-fundedbytheEPSRCImpactAccelerationAccount(IAA)atSurreyUniversity,andanAcademicExpertiseforBusiness(A4B)granttoSwanseaUniversity.WewouldalsoliketoacknowledgetheroleoftheEUCOSTFP1104networkonNewopportunitiesforprintmediaandpackaginginfacilitatingthiscollaboration.

TheprojectteamisledbyDavidFrohlichatSurrey,andincludesRaduSporeaandJankoCalicattheUniversityofSurrey,withTimClaypoleandSimonHamblynatSwanseaUniversity.UniversityofSurreypatentwasfiledfromthisactivityandthreedemonstrationphotobookswithsoundweremadeandareshownonVimeo(https://vimeo.com/album/3430190).Afollow-onICUReprojectwasgrantedentitled‘Commercialapplicationsofaugmentedprintandpackaging’.ThisispartoftheICUREprogrammefundedbyHEFCEandInnovateUK,andrunbytheSetSquaredpartnership.

Light tags

ProfessorDavidFrohlichDigitalWorldResearchCentreUniversityofSurrey

13

TheFibreScienceandCommunicationsNetworkandcompanyHyschfromSwedenhavejoinedforcesinproducingpaperthatcanabsorbsound.Thefibresarealsoinvestigatedinthebroadercontextofinsulation,particularlyagainsttemperature.

CEOMalinEdlundexplains:“Withpaperbannersaround,thesoundsechoingoffthewallsaresoftenedanddimmed.Noiseisnoteliminatedcompletely,butthereislessfuzz.Itworkslikeafilter.Thisiseffectiveinplaceswithmanypeoplespeaking,suchasconferences,orinroomswhereconcentrationisneeded,suchasclassroomsatschool.Thepaperreducesthenoiseinsidearoom,itdoesnotreducethenoisefromoutside.”

Moreover,itsvalueliesinscientificresearch.Thetechnicalfeasibilityofabsorbingsounds

(thisisthicker,fluffierpaperthancopyingpaper)isrelevanttootherindustriesaswellasthepapersector.Thisresearchfitsinwiththeoverarchingcontextoffibresandinsulationmaterialsinbuildings.

“Ifweunderstandhowtoabsorbsounds,wecancaptureothernon-tangiblethingsliketemperaturesinpaper,too,”suggestsEdlund.

Noise-absorbing paper

MalinEdlundHysch

Source

PAPERBreakthroughs,2015

14

TheFlexprintprojectwasstartedwithintheCentreofCompetenceprogrammein2012andissupportedbyTechnologicalagencyofCzechRepublic.Itaddressesfourareas–smartpackaging,securitysystems,flexibleelectronicsystemsandsmarttextiles.Theaimoftheprojectisdevelopmentoffunctionalprintedelectronicsystemsonflexiblesubstratesandtheirfabricationusinghybridtechnologies(printing/coatingtechniquesandNIL).Theuseoflow-costmanufacturingprocesses(R2Rprinting/coatingmethods)allowsaquickandflexibleresponsetomarketneedswithanemphasisonprice/qualityratio.AselectionofourprototypesincludeSmartLabelwithloggingcapabilities,whichcouldbemanagedoverNFCwithAndroidbaseddevices.Variousfullyprintedsensors-suchas

relativehumidity(RH),ammoniagasdetection(NH3),temperatureandvisiblelight-canalsobeintegratedinSmartLabels.Andwewillalsodemonstratefullyprintedelectrochromic(ECD)andlightemittingcapacitor(LEC)displays.Researchactivitiesoftheprojectconsortiumalsoincludethedevelopmentofnewtypeofmaterialssuchasconductors,conductivepolymers,semiconductors,dielectricsandchromophores.Wearealsoexploringthedevelopmentofinkformulationsandprinting/coatingtechnologyprocesses,whichareneededforfabricationvarioustypesofflexibleelectronicdevices.

Flexprint

Smart labels, sensors and related printed functionalities

TomasSyrovyDepartmentofGraphicArtsandPhotophysics,UniversityofPardubice

15

Whodarestohitthewaveswithasurfboardmadefromcardboard?

Manyproductscurrentlymadefromfoamcanalsobemadewithcardboard:helmetsandbabyseatsorevenbiggerobjectssuchassomewindturbineblades.Modernsurfboardshaveacoremadeoffoam,too.Itisalightmaterialthatiseasytoworkwith,butalmostimpossibletorecycle.Replacingfoambycardboardslicesmakesdisposableobjectsmorerecyclable.

ThissurfboardwasmadebycardboardengineerArnaudMarmierfromtheUniversityofExeterintheUnitedKingdom(inSpring2015).Hehasbuiltseveralworkingprototypesofdifferentsize,fromshortwakesurftothisfunboard.Thepresentboardwasdamagedduringwaterproofing,butshowsthedetailoftheinternalstructureandoftherail.

Cardboardproductsarepartofthetrendsincurrentmicroproductionby3Dprintingwithinthe’maker’movement.Butwhile3Dprintingisprimarilyinterestingforcreatingrelativelysmallthings,cardboardsliceformscanbeusedformuchbiggershapes.Theprinciplesofcreation,thedigitalmodel,areidentical.

Waterandmoisturearechallengingobstacles,butnotimpossibletoovercome.Thecoreoftheboardiscoveredwithseverallayersofcraftpaper,itselfcoatedbyvariouswaterproofingmedia.

In collaboration with cardboard packaging company Smurfit Kappa.

Cardboard surfboard

ArnaudMarmierUniversityofExeter

Source

PAPERBreakthroughs,2015

16

Granomarketingexecutorcompanypresentsexamplesofprintingproductsproducedfordifferentkindofevents.TheyareprintedonRe-boardmaterial,whichispaperboardwithauniqueengineeredflutedcore.Itislightweightyetexceptionallystrong.Therefore,itispossibletouseitforverylargeprintedconstructionsorforproductsthatneedtocarryalotofweight.Thematerialisdurableandcanberecycledaspaper.

Forexample,youdon’thavetotraveltoLondontoseetheBigBen.BigBencancometoyou.BigBenprintedonRe-boardisstableandeasytobuild,eventhoughit’snearly5metrestall.ThetowerisprintedonseveralRe-boardblocksthatareeasilyassembledandcanbetakendownandrebuiltseveraltimes.

AnotherexampleisastoolprintedonRe-board.Thisstooltolerateseverythingelsebutwater.Youmaysit,standorjumponit.It’slightandfoldsintothreepartsinseconds,withouthavingtouseanytools.

Re-board constructions

How strong is paperboard?

SampsaLiljaandJanneMeskanenGrano

17

Thecharacteristicsofpaperinspirescientiststoinvestigatethematerialforinnovativesolutionsfarbeyondtheopportunitiesofprintversusdigitalalone.Thenatureofthepapermakingprocessallowsustomixvariousfibreswithpaperpulp.Thismakespaperalsovaluableforthefood,forestry,agricultureandhorticulturalsectorswhoareinterestedinre-usingnaturalresourcesfromtheirproductionprocessesinamoresustainableway,creatingnewvalueoutofvegetalwasteflows.Forthepaperindustryitisinterestingtobeabletocompensateforfutureshortagesofcellulose,bothfromwoodandotherfibres.

Wastefromvariousplants,whichincludesstems,shellsandleaves,canquiteeasilybeturnedintopackagingmaterials.Theamountofthenaturalfibresthatcanbemixedwiththeregularpaperpulprightnowis10-15%,

dependingontheplantsandthelengthofthefibres.

“Connectingindustries”isthefirstbookprintedonpapermadewithtomatoplantresidue.ThepaperwascreatedbySchutPapierfromtheNetherlandsandprintedintheprintingprocessfornon-smoothenedpaper,demonstratingthatthefibreswouldreactwellintheregularprintingprocess.

Themainadvantageofthisdevelopmentmaywellbethat,inthefuture,wewillbeabletomakepaperfromlocalsourcesinacircularindustry.

Tomato box / book

Books and boxes made with plant residues

TheGreenery(box)andSchutPapier(book)

Source

PAPERBreakthroughs,2015

18

BelgianchocolatemanufacturerBarryCallebautandpapermanufacturerJamesCropperfromtheUKhavedevelopedapaperinwhichcacaoshellsareincorporatedintothenormalpaper-makingprocess.

Theaimofthepaperistoreduceenvironmentalimpactandmaximizewasterecovery,andmoreover,toincreaseawarenessofthepotentialofrawmaterials.

Thecacaoshellsareseparatedfromthebeansandgroundtoafinepowder.Thispowderisaddedtostandardpulpstockandwillautomaticallygivethepaperalightbrowncolour.

Cacao shells

Chocolate wrappers made with cacao shells

CallebautJamesCropperPlc

19

Themarketforsensorsconnectedtocloudservicesisgrowing,andwithroll-to-rollprintedelectronicsitispossibletoproduceaffordablesensorsinlargequantities.Theabilitytoutilizebiodegradablematerialsinproductsfeaturingavarietyofsensorswouldhelptoincreasetheeco-efficiencyofthewholeconcept.

Thisdemoistargetedtoshowthepotentialofbiodegradablesensingtools.Thedemoisaflowerpotwithabuilt-inmoisturesensor.Thepotismadeofbiodegradablematerialsandamoisturesensorisembeddedinthesoil.Thesensorcommunicateswithamobilephoneandthephonerecordsthemeasurementdataintoacloudserverwhichcanmapthemeasurementresultsagainste.g.dailyweatherreports.Variouscloudbasedservicesandsocialmediainteractioncouldpotentiallybebuiltinthesystem.

ThisdemocombinesVTT’scompetencesinbiomaterials,printedandhybridfunctionalitiesanddigitalservicesintoonetangibledemonstrator.

Active flower pot

KaisaVehmasandMariaSmolanderVTTResearch

20

Colophon

Production

VTTTechnologyResearchCentreofFinlandLtdMediaInnovationStudio,UniversityofCentralLancashireHVBCommunicatie,PAPERBreakthroughs

Editing

JohnMillsDesign

NathalieGraaflandPrint

UniversityofZagreb,FacultyofGraphicArts

Espoo, 2015

© COST Action