paper 2 may 1999 physics

8/14/2019 Paper 2 May 1999 Physics

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TIME 1 hour 45 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Write your name, Centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page and onany separate answer paper used.

Section A

Answer all questions.

Write your answers in the spaces provided on the question paper.

Section B

Answer any two questions.

Write your answers on the lined pages provided and, if necessary, continue on the separate answerpaper provided.

At the end of the examination,

1. fasten any separate answer paper used securely to the question paper,

2. enter the numbers of the Section B questions you have answered in the grid below.

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each questionor part question.

Candidates are reminded that all quantitative answers should includeappropriate units.

Candidates are advised to show all their working in a clear and orderlymanner, as more marks are awarded for sound use of physics than forcorrect answers.

This question paper consists of 15 printed pages and 5 lined pages.

MML LOC 926 5/98 QF92358 UCLES 1999 [Turn over

Candidate

Centre Number Number

Candidate Name

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE LOCAL EXAMINATIONS SYNDICATEGeneral Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

PHYSICS 5054/2PAPER 2 Theory

Tuesday 8 JUNE 1999 Afternoon 1 hour 45 minutes

Candidates answer on the question paper.

Additional materials:Answer paperElectronic calculator and/or Mathematical tablesGraph paperRuler 300 mm

FOR EXAMINERS USE

Section A

Section B

TOTAL


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Section A

Answer all the questions in this section.

1 Fig. 1.1 shows the variation with time t of the speed of a stone that is thrown vertically

downwards. In this question, air resistance may be ignored.

Fig.1.1

The stone has mass 0.23 kg and leaves the throwers hand at t= 0. It hits the ground att= 0.325 s and rebounds with 50% of the speed with which it hit the ground.

(a) State the maximum speed of the stone.

maximum speed = ..................................... [1]

(b) Show, using data from Fig.1.1, that the acceleration of free fall is 10m/s2.

[2]

00

1

2

3

4

5

6

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35

t/s

speed

m/s

2

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(c) Determine the speed of the stone just after it rebounds.

speed = ..................................... [1]

(d) Calculate the loss of kinetic energy of the stone as it hits the ground and rebounds.

loss of kinetic energy = ...................................... [3]

3

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2 A person standing at point A in Fig. 2.1 sees the reflection in a shop window of a personstanding at point B.

Fig.2.1

(a) On Fig. 2.1, draw a ray of light to show how, by reflection, the person at A sees theperson at B. [1]

(b) On Fig. 2.1, mark, with a letter I, the position of the image of B formed by reflection inthe shop window. [2]

(c) (i) The person at A moves further away from B towards Y in the direction of the arrowshown in Fig. 2.1. Mark with a letter X the furthest position along AY to which theperson can move so that the two people will still be able to see each other byreflection in the shop window.

(ii) Explain how you decided on the position of X.

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................[2]

wall wallshop window

B AY

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3 The chart in Fig. 3.1 shows the main parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Fig.3.1

(a) All of the different types of electromagnetic waves in the chart may be reflected.

State three other properties common to all electromagnetic waves.

1. ......................................................................................................................................

2. ......................................................................................................................................

3. ................................................................................................................................ [3]

(b) Microwaves travel at a speed of 3.0 x 108 m/s in a vacuum and have a frequency of1.5x1010 Hz.

(i) Calculate the wavelength of these microwaves.

wavelength = .....................................................

(ii) On the chart in Fig. 3.1, mark a line to represent the position of these microwavesin the electromagnetic spectrum.

[3]

5


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109m1012m 106m 103m 1m 1000m

gamma rays X-rays ultra-violet infra-red radio

wavelength

visible


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4 Fig. 4.1 shows three combinations of resistors, connected between points X and Y. All theresistors have resistance 6.0.

Fig.4.1

(a) Calculate the total resistance between the points X and Y of each combination.

(i) combination A

total resistance of combination A = ......................................................

(ii) combination B

total resistance of combination B = ......................................................

(iii) combination C

total resistance of combination C = ......................................................[4]

6.0

6.0

6.0

X

Y

combination A

6.0

6.0 6.0

X

Y

combination B

6.0 6.0 6.0

X

Y

combination C

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(b) Points X and Y in combination B are connected to a battery that provides a potentialdifference of 1.35 V across XY, as shown in Fig.4.2. Calculate the currents I1, I2 and I3in each resistor of the combination.

Fig.4.2

I1 =................... I2 =................... I3 =................... [3]

X

Y

I3

I2

I1

1.35V6.0 6.0

6.0

7


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5 Two vertical metal plates are connected to a high voltage power supply, as shown inFig. 5.1. An electric field exists in the space between the plates.

Fig.5.1

(a) (i) State what is meant by the electric fieldbetween the plates.

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

(ii) On Fig. 5.1, draw lines of force to show the electric field between the two plates.[3]

(b) An uncharged metal ball is hung by an insulating thread between the two plates, asshown in Fig.5.2.

Fig.5.2

On Fig. 5.2,

(i) draw the distribution of charge that will be found on the metal ball,

(ii) draw lines of force to show the new electric field between the plates.[2]

+

power supply

+

power supply

plate plate

8

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6 Fig. 6.1 is a diagram of a d.c. motor.

Fig.6.1

(a) (i) State the direction of movement of side AB and of side CD when the current is inthe direction shown in Fig.6.1.

side AB .............................................. side CD ...............................................

(ii) Explain the reason for your choices of direction.

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) When the coil ABCD is vertical, the brushes line up with the gaps in the split-ring

commutator.

The coil rotates past the vertical position. Explain what happens

(i) to the current in the coil,

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

(ii) to the forces on the sides AB and CD of the coil.

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................[2]

carbon

brush

carbonbrush

N Smagnetpole

magnetpole

A

B

C

D

split-ringcommutator

pivotcoil

current

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7 Explain, by writing about molecules,

(a) how the air inside a car tyre exerts a pressure on the walls of the tyre,

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) why the pressure in the car tyre increases as the tyre becomes hotter,

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) why the pressure in the tyre increases as more air is pumped into the tyre.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

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8 Fig. 8.1 shows a car moving along a horizontal road.

Fig.8.1

The car has mass 800 kg. At one point in its motion, when the combined forces of airresistance and friction acting backwards are 400N, its acceleration is 1.4 m/s2.

(a) Calculate the forward driving force required to accelerate the car.

forward driving force = ....................................... [3]

(b) With the engine working at constant full power, the cars acceleration decreases as itgoes faster.

Explain why this is so.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

friction

airresistance

forwarddriving force

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Section B

Answer two questions from this section.

Use the lined pages provided and, if necessary, continueon the separate sheets available from the Supervisor.

9 Fig. 9.1 shows the apparatus used by a student to measure the specific latent heat ofvaporisation of water. A heater is placed into a beaker of water which stands on top of electronicweighing scales so that the mass of the beaker and water may be measured.

Fig. 9.1

In this question, you may assume that there is no heat lost to the atmosphere.

(a) Define what is meant by the specific latent heat of vaporisationof water. [3]

Question 9 is continued on page 13.

heater

beaker

insulation

powersupply

electronicweighingscales

water

g

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(b) As soon as the water is boiling, the student notes down the reading on the scales and startsa timer. Every 100 seconds the student notes down the reading on the scales. The resultsobtained are shown in the table.

(i) Draw up a table to show the total mass of water evaporated after 100s, 200s, 300s and400 s. That is, from 0 to 100 s, 0 to 200 s and so on.

(ii) The heater supplies energy at the rate of 38 J/s. Add to your table values showing theenergy provided by the heater in 100 s, 200s, 300s and 400s. That is, from 0 to 100s,0 to 200s and so on.

[2]

(c) Plot a graph of energy supplied (y-axis) against mass of water evaporated (x-axis).Start your axes at (0,0). [4]

(d) Determine the gradient of your graph. How is the specific latent heat of vaporisation of waterrelated to this gradient? [3]

(e) The voltage of the power supply connected to the heater is doubled. Describe and explainthe effect this has on the readings obtained, and on the final result. [3]

13


0

203.22

100

201.62

200

199.79

300

198.26

400

196.50

time/s

reading on scale / g


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10 Fig. 10.1 illustrates nuclear fission of Uranium-235 in a nuclear reactor.

Fig. 10.1

(a) (i) Describe the process illustrated in Fig. 10.1.

(ii) Describe how the process of nuclear fusion differs from the process of nuclear fission asillustrated above.

[5]

(b) The waste products from a nuclear reactor contain isotopes such as Iodine-131 andCaesium-137. These waste products are highly radioactive and dangerous. They are storedin sealed metal cans which are placed under water for a few months.

(i) Explain how these isotopes were produced.

(ii) Explain what is meant by the term radioactive.

(iii) Give a reason why metal cans are used and a reason why they are placed under water.[5]

(c) Radioactive isotopes are used in medicine and in industry. Describe and explain one usethat is made of a radioactive isotope. In your account, indicate whether the isotope shouldhave a long or a short half-life. [5]

U-235 nucleus

after fissionbefore fission

neutron

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11 (a) Fig. 11.1 shows the maximum daytime and minimum night-time surface temperatures of aregion of land and sea during a 24 hour period.

Fig.11.1

(i) The temperatures shown cause the air above the land and sea to move. Describe themovement of the air during the daytime and during the night-time. Explain in detail whythe air moves in the way that you describe. Include a diagram of the air movements inyour account.

(ii) Explain why the surface temperatures of the land and sea both drop during the night-time, and why the surface temperature of the land falls more than the surfacetemperature of the sea during the night.

[9]

(b) Black surfaces emit and absorb more infra-red radiation than white surfaces when both are

at the same temperature.

Describe how you would demonstrate that

(i) black surfaces absorb more radiation than white surfaces,

(ii) black surfaces emit more radiation than white surfaces at the same temperature.[6]

sea18C

30Cland

daytime

sea17C

5Cland

night-time

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Copyright Acknowledgements:

Question 6. Fig.6.1. To follow.

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paper 2 may 1999 physics

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