papadopoulos snberlin 120403 - executive communications€¦ · things connected $100 $1 1 ... no...
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Greg PapadopoulosEVP and CTOSun Microsystems, Inc.
Innovation Matters
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Takeaways● Business demands fuel IT demand
– Still in the first phases of network computing
● Decision point– Mask complexity through people or eliminate
through engineering
● Innovation matters
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The Revolution
10M
1B
10B
1T
100B
1990 2000 2010 2020
Computers People Everything
Cost toConnect
ThingsConnected
$100
$1
1¢
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RFID
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The Revolution
10M
1B
10B
1T
100B
1990 2010 2020
Computers People Everything
Connectivity
ConnectivityCommunity
Community
Awar
enes
s
Awar
enes
s
2000
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Bottom Line● Still in the first phases of networking
– Expect the number of networked things to grow by another factor of 1M
– New value from automating still-manual processes
● Expect radical transformation of SW and systems– Systems, in particular, are at a watershed– Mask complexity through people or eliminate
through engineering
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ProcessorProcessor
O/SO/S
App
Shrink-Wrap
SolarisSparc
Linuxx86
VMSVAX
MVS370
AIXPower
MAC OSPower
IrixMIPS
HP-UXPrecision
DGUX88K
OS400AS400
Windowsx86
UltrixAlphaAegis
68K
The New Software
Application scales from 1 to perhaps 100's of users
For Desktop:1 copy SW = 1 copy HW
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Shrink-Wrap
SolarisSparc
Linuxx86
VMSVAX
MVS370
AIXPower
MAC OSPower
HP-UXPrecision
DGUX88K
OS400AS400
Comp
MWMW
Comp
MWMW
Comp
MWMW
Comp
MWMW
Windowsx86
UltrixAlphaAegis
68K
NetworkedComponents
The New Software
ProcessorProcessor
O/SO/S
App
Service must scaleto 10,000's or millionsof simultaneous users!
IrixMIPS
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TheThe Java JavaTMTM Platform Platform
The WindowsThe WindowsPlatformPlatform
SolarisSparc
Linuxx86
VMSVAX
MVS370
AIXPower
MAC OSPower
IrixMIPS
HP-UXPrecision
DGUX88K
OS400AS400
Windowsx86
UltrixAlphaAegis
68K
XML
The New Software
ProcessorProcessor
O/SO/S
App Comp
MWMW
Comp
MWMW
Comp
MWMW
Comp
MWMW
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The Operations Challenge
Was...● Availability● Performance● Scale
Price/Price/PerformancePerformance
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The Operations Challenge
Becoming...● Service Level● Efficiency● Security
Total Cost ofTotal Cost ofService LevelService Level
Price/Price/PerformancePerformance
Was...● Availability● Performance● Scale
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The Emperor Has No Clothes● Network computing is wildly complex:
no discernible economy of scale● 75+% of IT budgets going to people +
operations● 15–20% typical utilization● Out of the $2.4T WW ICT spending only
a tiny fraction goes to HW/SW systems
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Economy of Scale
Bad
Scale
Cost
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Economy of Scale
Better
Bad
Scale
Cost
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Mask ComplexityMask Complexityoror
Engineer It AwayEngineer It Away
Decision Point
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Old Systems Are Components in the New One
Server connectedto networks
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Old Systems Are Components in the New One
Server connectedto networks
Datacenter systembuilt from networks
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What Is O/S for This New System?
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NOT these!
What Is O/S for This New System?
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Grid Computing Today at Sun13,500 CPUs in 3 cities for processor design
22 years compute time/day98% average CPU usage 24/7/365
● SPARC microprocessor design facilities in Sunnyvale, Austin, Burlington
● Sites use a departmental Cluster Grid approach normally
● Workload is distributed across all sites in an Enterprise Grid approach to meet peak load requirements
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22
THROUGHPUT COMPUTING ● New design approach for the UltraSPARC®
processor family● Eclipses throughput of today's processors by
a magnitude of up to 15–30x● Quantum reduction in the cost of network
computing—without software disruption
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Network Computing Is Thread RichWeb services, JavaTM applications, database transactions, ERP . . .
Moore’s LawA fraction of the die can already build a good processor core; how am I going to use a billion transistors?
Worsening Memory LatencyIt’s approaching 1000sof CPU cycles! Friend or foe?
Forcing a rethinking of processor architecture – modularity, less is more, time-to-market
Growing Complexityof Processor Design
The Big Bang Is Happening—Four Converging Trends
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Memory BottleneckRelative Performance
10000
1
1990 1995 2005 1980
1000
100
10
1985 2000
2x Every 2 YearsCPU Frequency
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Memory BottleneckRelative Performance
10000
1
1990 1995 2005 1980
1000
100
10
1985 2000
2x Every 6 Years
2x Every 2 Years
Gap
CPU FrequencyDRAM Speeds
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C MC MC M
Memory Latency Compute
Time Memory Latency Compute
HURRYHURRYUP ANDUP ANDWAIT!WAIT!
Note: Up to 75% Cycles Waiting for MemoryNote: Up to 75% Cycles Waiting for Memory
Typical Complex HighFrequency Processor
Thread
Memory Latency Compute
Time
Time Saved
Memory Latency Compute
C M C M C MThread
*Source: Microprocessor Report, Richard Sites, It's the Memory, Stupid!, August 1996
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Chip Multithreading (CMT)
Memory Latency Compute
Time Memory Latency Compute
C MC MC MThread 1
Thread 2 C MC MC M
Thread 3 C MC MC M
Thread 4 C MC MC M
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Core 1
Memory Latency Compute
CMT—Multiple Multithreaded Cores
Thread 4Thread 3Thread 2Thread 1
Core 2Thread 4Thread 3Thread 2Thread 1
Core 3Thread 4Thread 3Thread 2Thread 1
Thread 4Thread 3Thread 2Thread 1
Core 4
Core 5Thread 4Thread 3Thread 2Thread 1
Core 6Thread 4Thread 3Thread 2Thread 1
Core 7Thread 4Thread 3Thread 2Thread 1
Core 8Thread 4Thread 3Thread 2Thread 1
Time
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Gen. 1 CMT SingleThreadedProcessor
Gen. 2 CMT15X
3X3X
Gen. 1 CMT SingleThreadedProcessor
3X3X2X
Gen. 3 CMT30X
4X5X
Gen. 2 CMT15X
SingleThreadedProcessor
3X
RelativePerformance
30
25
20
15
Throughput Computing
10
5
Time Network FacingData Facing
0 Today
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UltraSPARC® IV1st GENERATION CMT PROCESSOR FOR MID/HIGH END SYSTEMS
● First milestone in Sun's Throughput Computing roadmap
● Up to twice the throughput of today's UltraSPARC III processor
● Protects customer investment in hardware, software and staff– Upgrade path– Binary compatibility across
time and product line
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The Three Waves of SPARC Innovation
Pric
e/Pe
rfor
man
ce
1980 20001990 2010
RISC
SMPCMT
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Takeaways● Business demands fuel IT demand
– Exponential demand as everything becomes connected
● Decision point– Eliminate complexity through engineering
● Innovation from Sun– In Software– In Systems
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Greg PapadopoulosEVP and CTOSun Microsystems, Inc.
Innovation Matters