pandolfini's endgame course - basic endgame concepts explained by america's leading chess...

8/21/2019 Pandolfini's Endgame Course - Basic Endgame Concepts Explained by America's Leading Chess Teacher (Fireside …

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/pandolfinis-endgame-course-basic-endgame-concepts-explained-by-americas 1/162



Also by Bruce Pandoini:

Let's Pay ChessBobby Fischers Ourageos Chess Moves

One-Move Chess by he ChampionsPrincipes of he New ChessThe ABCs of ChessKasparov's Winning Chess TacicsRussian ChessThe Bes of Chess Lie and Review, Voume The Bes o Chess Life and Review, Voume

Pandolfi n 'sE N D G A M E

Course

B R U C E

by

P N D OLFINI

A S BPublished by Simon & Schuster

New York London Toronto Sydney Tokyo Singapo



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I wold like to thak Bce Albesto Doug Bellzz, Deboah Begma Jefe Bue, Caol An Caona, Krs Ca-ano, Bonn eon Idee Pandofn, Bruce Stentz, ary m-

akn Geoge We and aua Yoke fo her tme and vauable

wok. They made the whole hng possble.

Fo Rosie and Joe, ad Mge and Fed

FIRESIDERockeeer Center30 Avenue of the AmricasNew Yrk, New Yrk 0020

Copyrght © 1988 by Bruce Pandn

All rghts reservedncudng the rght rpductonn whl r n par n any frm.

Publshed by the Smon & Schuster Trade Dvs

FIRESIDE and clphon are regstered trademarks Smon & Schuster nc

Manuactured n the Unted States Amerca

20 19 18 17

Lbrary Cngress Catagng n Pubcaton Data

Pandn BrucePandln's endgame curs I y Bruce Pandln

p cm"A Frsde bkIncuds ndx ChessEnd gams. Ttle II Tte: Endgame curse

V450.745 988 7944dc9 887465

CPISBN 06765688-0

CONTENTS

IntroductonAbou Algebraic Notatio

IPIECES IN ACTION

1 Elementary Checkmates: Heavy Pieces

Queen and Rook (Endgames 1-2)Rook and Rook (Edgame 3)Quee (Endgames 4-7)

Rok (Endgames 811)

2 Elementary Chckmaes Minor Pieces

Two Bsh ps (Edgames 1215)Bishop and Knigh (Edgames 1624)

3 Heavy Peces n Combat

T w Queens (Endgame 25Queen vs Queen (Edgames 2627)Quee s Rook (Endgames 2834)

4 Rook and Minor Pieces

Rok vs Bishop (Endgames 3539)Rook s Kight (Edgames 401)Rook and Bishop s. Rk (Endgames 2)

5

9

11

17

18

20

21

25

29

30

3 4

4 5

4 6

47

49

57

58

63

65



6 •CONTENTS CONTENTS• 7

0 [THE PAWNS IN ACTION PIECES AND PAWNS IN ACTION

5 Kg d Paw vs. Kg 7 3 0 Hvy Pcs vs Pw 171

Square of the Pawn (Endgames 49) 7 Queen vs. Pawn(s) (Endgames 12913) 172Escort Problems (Endgames 551) 76 Rook vs. Pawn (Endgames 135-40) 178Pawn on 7th Rank (Endgame 52) 78 Rook vs. Two Pawns (Endgames 144) 184Pawn on 6th Rank (Endgames 5-59) 7 9

Pawn on 5th Rank Endgames 3 86 Mior Peces vs Pawn 189Pawn on 4th Rank (Endgames 64-66) 92

Bishop vs Pawn (Endgames 145-16) 190Pawn on 3rd Rank (Endgames 6769) 9 5 Knight vs Pawn (Endgames 4-55) 192Pawn on 2nd Rank (Endgames 72) 98 Knights vs. Pawn (Egames 15158) 201Rookpawns (Endgames 3-5 101

Mnor Pece plus Paw 2056 Kg d Two Paws vs Kg 105

Bishop and Pawn (Engames 59-164) 206Doubled Pawns (Endgames 77) 106 Bishop and Pawn vs Pawn (Endgames 16568) 212Conneced Pawns (Endgames 7879) 108 Knigh and Pawn (Endgames 169-12) 26Spli Pawns1 Fie Apart (Endgames 83) 110 Knigh and Pawn vs Pawn (Endgames -16) 220Split Pawns2 ies Apart (Endgames 84-85) 114

3 Hevy Peces 2257 Kg ad Pw vs Kig d Pw 117

Queen vs. Rook and Pawn (Endgame 1) 226wns on the Same ile (Endgames 891) 118 Queen and Pawn vs Rook ad Pawn (Endgames -19) 22Pawns on Adjacen Files (Endgames 9295) 124 Queen and Pawn vs Queen (Endgames 884) 229Passed Pawns (Endgames 9100) 129

4 Hevy cs: Rooks 2358 Kg ad Two Paws vs Kg ad Paw 135

Rook and Pawn (7h Rank) vs Rook (Endgames 185196) 236Al Passed Pawns (Endgames 101-102 136 Rook and Pawn (6h Rank) vs. Rook (Endgames 19-204) 248

Opposing Pawns pus Passed Pawn (Endgames 103105) 138 Rook and Pawn (5h or 4h Rank) vs Rook (Endgameshee Adacent Fies (Endgame 106) 142 205-212 256Proeced Passed Pawn (Endgames 107108) 143 Roos and Pawns (Endgames 213-216) 266Backward Pawn Endgames 109113 145Connected Pawns (Endgames 14118 151 5 Mor cs 271

9 Mscellneous King ad Paw Postos Bishop and Pawn(s) vs. Bishop (Endgames 21-228) 272Knigh and Pawn vs Knigh (Endgames 229-230) 286

(Edgmes 12) 157Bishop and Pawn vs Knigh (Endgames 231-235) 288Knigh ad Pawn vs. Bishop (Endgames 23239) 293

Glossry 297

Idx 313

About th Ator 320



Introduction

I bcam a ss tac n 1972, dung t dazzlng BobbyFsc/Bos Spassy Wold ss amposp tat nspdt wold to lan css. Suddnly, I ad many studnts andndd das and xampls o lssons tund to t ltatu o t oyal gam fo souc matal Altoug I dscovd many voums on t opnng and mdlgam, Iucly alzd tat ndgam boos w fw and fa btwn.

s wasnt t ony pobm. xstng books on css ngs w of two unsatsfatoy typs Et ty w tooanaytc and tcncal o too vagu and gnal. was acompllng nd to combn t bst fatus o bot typsnto a sngl nstuctonal omat.

So on my own I stat to collct sgtful ngm postons, xplang n bot wods and css aatons t cocpts I judgd to b t most lpul to my stuts. Numous xampls w oganzd, classd a aang to

compt couss. My goal was to cat n ntoy of postons tat would bnt any cssplay o stud tmEvntually, I sttld upon a nuclus o 200 poblms tat bcam t basc cous n t ndgam Wt som addtonsand modfcatons, tat compndum s wat I psnt

T xampls Panofns Engam Cour se a angn t majo sctons Pat On, call cs n Acton, dals wt basc mats and confontatons maly btwn ulkpcs In Pat wo Pawns n Acto t pncls of awnndngs a lusttd ncludng t ky cocpts of opposton sua o t pawn, and ctca suas Pcs an Pawns

9



10 • PANDOLFNl'S ENDGAME COURSE

in Action constitutes Part Three which displays how vaiouspieces grapple with advancig pased pawns.

Pandolfini's Endgame Course has a simple easy-to-use omat. Each page has a lage cea diagam intoduced with adrectve cue (such s "White moves and wins) and characterized by a descritie tem or phrase (such as "CutO) Anexplanatory passage poviding the essential ideas moves andaternate lies of play follows the cue The main aation appeas in boldace type Each ariation coludes in mate over

whelming advantage staemate o unambiguou dawWthn each chapte eey attempt hs been made to oganize the problems in a gadual pogessio om simple tocomplex but occasoally the couse must ee om this fomula or nstructive purposes. hough no complicated "textbook postons hae bee ncluded the book neetheles sconcerned wth the buldig blocks on which they are basedSo while ntricate dicusions of coespondg squae theoyhave been omitted o example the theoetical goundwok ofsquae theory has been laid down n the problems on triangulation

Some endgame books contan thouands o positions butare impenetrabe and theefoe useless to the aveagechessplayer Every one of my 239 positions can be undestoodeen by able beginnes And some o these poitonssuch as

those on the Queen ad Rook mateae discused in no otherendgame book and perhap in no othe chess booI advise reading Pandolfn's Endgame Course om start to

insh. That's how I usually present the examples to my students egardless of thei leel o play But you might preeeang pecc sectons fst Pehap hees a cocept youdlike to understand o a posito you need to check Whateveryou reasons o tung to my couse should t translate tomoe ictoies in the endgame and moe un i the end

About AlgebraicNotation

he best way to read this boo is while sitting at a chesboardon the White sde with the pieces stating o the ame quaeas those in the examples youre consideing Much of themateral can be understood without playing out the moes byeither reading the descrptve comments o examinig thehelpul dagams accompanying the text But you will degeater beneit i you lean the simplified algebaic notatiooeed hee he system wos as follows:

• he board s egarded as an eght-by-eght gaph wth sxtyour squares in all.

• Te fles (the rows o squaes gong up the boad aeletteed a through h, begining from White left

• he rnks (the ows o squares gong acos the boad) aenumbered 1 through 8 beginning fom Whie neaetow

You can thereore identy ay squae by combiing a letteand a number wth the lette witte fit (see dagam A) Foexampe the squae on which White Ki tands in the oiginal positon is "e1 while the oignal sqae fo Blacks ing is"e8. All squaes ae always named fom Whte oint of iew

11



12 • PANDOLFINl'S ENDGAME COURSE

Symbols You Should Know

ing

Q Qeen

R Rook

B Bshop

N ngh

Pawns ae not symbolzed when ecodng moves. But fefered to in dscussos, they ae named by the lette o the

e occupied o example, the awn on the ble s the bpawn." I a pawn makes a capte, one meely ndicates the le

the capuring pawn stats on This, a Whte pawn on b2captues a Back pawn, Knight, Bshop, Rook, o Queen on a3,t is witten as bxa3. When ndcatng capte, name the

sqae captued, not the enemy unt

Hee ae some moe symbos you shold know

x captues

check0-0 castles ngsde

00-0 cstles Queensdegood move

! ??

! 1

1 .

(1-)

(1)

ABOUT ALGBRAIC NOAION •13

vey good movequesonabe move

blundesky move but woh consdeng

probably a good move bu uncleaWhite's rst move

Black's irs move (when appeang independenlyo Whies)Whte wns

Black wns

And a few ohe symbos to know:

RP RookpawnNP nghpawnBP BshoppawnCP Centerpawn

Reading the Line Score of a Game

Consider dagam B Whe could mae n thee moves, and tcould be wten this way

1 Nc7 + Kb8 2. Na6 + Ka8 3. Bc6 mate

a b c d e f g h




he same moves could be written in chart orm, wth Whitesmoves on the le and Back correspondng moves on thegh:

1. Nc7 + Kb8

2 Na6 + K8

3 Bc6 a

In both cases

1Nc7

+ means that Whtes rst move s nght to c7, gvngcheck.Kb8 means that Blacks rst move s Kng to b8

2 Na6 + means that Whte's second move s night to a6check.Ka8 means that Black's second move Kng to a8

3 Bc6 a means that Whtes thrd move s Bshop to c6mate

Note that when the move appea on a lne acros the page,the numbe o the move s written only once, just beoreWhtes lay In ths book, he actual moves are given nboldace type. he analyzed alternatives appear n reguar type

• - -PA R T

- ONE Pieces in

Action

- -

he bass o a chess knowedge is an undertandng o thepowers o the peces-the ndvdual and collectve potentals

In �art One, the board s unencumbered by any pawns, andthe peces hold ull sway he frst two chaters demontraethe mnmum level o foce equred to mate the lone ngCommony caled the Basc or Elementay Mates, they vay ndculty

Mates wth the heavy (or major) pece are by far the easet

to accomplsh and requre only mnmal astance from theKing By contrast, mates wth the lght (or mno) ece demand the Kngs full cooperaton and are rather more ntricateto execute, snce each pece must stretch telf to the lmt

n Chapers 3 and 4, we examne sx of the mo commoendngs in which Whte and Black ece are conlct wtheach other The practcal s emphaszed over the theorecal.For example, abstract theory pronounces that the Rook andminor �piece endng� of Chapter 4 usually end n a draw. But byeaturng the excepton, where one sde actually wns, we can

15



D DGM

undestand moe fully why more typical positions tend to endn a daw.

Finaly, we st mention the fifty-ove re It sates tha"the game is dawn when a playe hving the move demonsates ha at least fifty consecuive oes hve been played byeach side withot captue of any pece o the movement of anypawn This ule has a vita bearng on endings in Pat One in whch thee ae no pawns and tades mst be voided enough mateal s o be left on he boad to orce mate f thestonge sde plays naccuately fity moves might pass and thedefende cold claim a draw.

C H A T E

1Elemetary Checmates

Heavy ieces

Q ad Rook dg ams 1 -

Rook ad Rook dgam 3

Q dga ms 7

Rook dgams



D DGM

E DGAME

Queen and Rook Ro

8

765

2

W Ke1, Q1 Rf4 B KeSWhite moes n wins

a b c d e f g h

his is the simlest stest most bsic checkmte f ll omny initil rnement of pieces White shoul foce mte inno moe thn ie to six moes he Queen n Rook te

ntively heel ech othe u sticse o suppotve checks

known s the oll. Mte comes in fou moves

Qd4 6

. 6

3 Qd6 8

4. 8 ma

( 0)

E DGAME 2

Ron Barrer

9

W Ke, Q3, Rb4 B Ke5Whte moves n wins

a b d e f g h

n his more typc Queen n Rook roll the two mjor piecesstn on jcent ies n ie ltente checks to ie Blck'sKn to the bos ee. he Rooks bie is phel instonl ttck by the Queen inlly the mo ieces u

consecutve outsie ows, peentn escpe n mtin

Qa d6

6

3. Qa 8

8 ma

(1 0)



D DGM

E DGAME

Rook Barrer

W f Rh2 Rh B g8Whe moves ws

a b c e g h

Two Rooks me much he sme w s Quee n Rook buno s quckl sine ion emporzing moves re requreo wr off gon couercks Whe hs wo ws ome hree moves in he gm: (A b cung off he ing

on he file n ollig he Rooks on he fles righwr; n(B) b occuping he 7h rnk on he hie shfng he oherRook o he jcen gfle ging empo on Blcks gn mng up he bor on he 8h rnk n bo ws heRooks w mpee ech ohe f he peom on he sme nense he shif o jcen rows hereb omng blockso seen squres

A B

. 7 h7 8

+ h6 . e8

3. h mae 3 8 mae

(0 0

E DGAME

Cosn In

8

654

W Q7 B: 8Whie moves n wins

a b c e g h

A g Queen me lone ing on n ousie ow bcheckg ong he ege bck row meo b he Queenscheckng up cose poece b is ing suppo me Theer s n he grm is he one wo hree ormul he

osng g s rppe on n ouse row he Queen occupes he row jcen o he ege () e Wie in o squre in he ne row (3 eens he Queen

6 b8

. Qb7 me

0



D DGM

E DGAME 5

Backn Off

a® B7 6

4

3

W: Kd Qb6 B: Ka8We moves and n s

2

a b e f g h

T pus e Kng o e edge e Queen gradall sn ps off eKng's avalable sqares move b move losng n a a "Kng'sj m p aa. Overl r gd eeuon of s proedure oeversalemaes lak 's K ng n e o rnerlak o move s aread

salemaed. W o pla ns b rereang e Queen onesquare along e barrer e b-f le) gvng lak breangroom agans salemae. We's Kng en moves o sppormae.

1 . Q5 a7

. 6 a8

. Q7 mae

( 0)

DGAME 6

Cut-Off

W: Kf7 Qg8 B: KWe moves and ns

Here e pees are posoned n a on e o hree forml a asn Endgame 4 u n s verson Wes Kng as o ase l aks beore ge ng lose enoug o sppor mae. so ae a o pp ng fve moves as 1 . Kf6 K4 . Kf

K . K4 K 4 Kf K1 5. Qg ma. e more effeoe s o eeue a mel -off e Qeen fornglaks Kng bak e oer a and savng ree moves. On sfa move We oud aso mae b . Qh4.

Q3 h6

. Q6 mae

1 0)



24 • PANDOLFNl'S NDGAME COURS

ENDGAM 7

freling the Barrier

8

4

3

W: Kc5 Qh B : Ke8White moves and wins

a b c d e f g h

T keep Blacks King caged on the edge White's Queen isposted on the vey next l ne The placement establ shes acordon against escape Next White's King claims the ow behnd its consorts, eventually ovewhelming its countepat foa backow mate o supporting a close-up Queen ceck. AgainBlacks King occupies ow Whtes Queen ow 2 and WhitesKing ow 3

A B

. Qh7 Kf 8 Qh7 Kd8

2 Kd6 Ke8 2. Kd6 Kc8

3. Qe7 mate 3. Qc7 mate

(0 (1 0

ENDGAM8

Waiting-Move Mate

8

6

4

3

PICES N ACTON • 25

W Ke6 Ra7 B Kf8

White moves and wns

a b c d e f g h

Kng and Rook aganst Kng can t end in a suppot mate donteven ty to set one up Go fo a backow mate instead theRook checki ng and Whites Kg guadin g the possible escapesquares Whtes Kng must stand drectly opposte Bacs onthe same rank or i le . (he exception : If Blacks King is in the

corner Whes King need only be on the adjacent l ne However word of warning White should move hs King immeditey to ine ( . Kf6) B lack just s l ps away ( . Ke8 andWhte must start all ove agan White instead should move toget Blck to agn with Whtes Kg. his s done through atemo move or wang move he Roo slides one squaealog the 7th rank changn g nothn g essental in the position but turnig he move over to Black.

Rb7 Kg8

2. Kf6 Kh8

3 Kg6 Kg8

4. Rb8 mate

(1-0)



6 P ' DGM

ENDGAM 9

The /Cut-Off" Mate

W Ke6 d B Kf8Whie mves and wns

A cnscenius k can wk wdes. he righ emp cuff can educe lacs King an auman wh n pns. Insead aking he 7h rank here 1 . d7 Whie gai nsme by crdning ff he g-fi le frcing lack ppseWh ies Kin g. A back-an k mae in w mves can hu s beeaied. n he fa psiin he hee pieces fm a righriange wih acks Kin g a he base.

1 . 5 e8

2 . 8 me

(10)

ENDGAM 0

P

W Ke6 e2 Ke8Whie ves and wins

The Any-Rook Move Mate

ivng a discveed check s rresisble bu fge i heeInsead wrk he k and finaly fce a back-rw ighange mae he slun s que asnishing f Whemaes hee mves saing wih any k mveha'sigh wih any f eleven k mves available u ne han he secnd play he k mus ccupy a cuff file fingacks Kg ne up wih Whes. As vaa ins A and demnsae here is n sign ifcan dffeence i Whie mveshis k n i ia l ly a lng he f i le r he ank. In e ihe caselacks King winds up maed a e8

A

. e5 d8

2 . 5 e8 8 mae

(0)

B

1 . a2 8

2. g2 e8

. 8 mae

10)



8 PAD DGAM U

EGAME

Closin the Net

a b e

W: Kf e B Kg7Whie mes and wn s

ping ff cul be bee an giing a k ceck Playesnaually ane age lacks Kin g wih 1 e6 wen bariesae en mainained n he e-f e and 6h ank Mre cmes wee wi a k cec a e7 sapi ng he ee peces ina iangle Wih his incusin pecise k wrk uncesack qu ck ly Afe 1 e7 + K6 2 f7 K Whe maes by .h7 Wies secnd me emp wase can be aken by hek n any squae beween f7 and a7 he suggle ges nwi e s id l in g . 8, bu ulmaely fai ls e sameempeesig mechanism 2 6 8 3 . 6 ( e8+K7 4 f8 K6 5. h8 mae 8 4 . e6 e emp meha can ha ppen anywee beween e6 and e1 4 8 5.e8 mte.

. e7+ 8

2 6 8

. 6 8

4. e6 8

5 . e8 mte

(1 0

C A T E

2lemetary Checmates

Mi or i eces

wo Bho Endgame

Bho and Kn ght End game



30 • PANOLFINl'S ENDGAME COURSE

N DGAM E 12

The Bishop Rol

W: K7 Bb4 Bb3 B Ka6

White moves and wn s

a b c d e f g h

Even as Rooks an oupy adjaet rows and drve te Kng to

the edge by alternate heks so an bisops more or ess Yes

th ey need help from their King, whereas Rooks do not. Andtrue t takes a ttle longer but nevertheless mate is fored in

te orner.

. Bc4 + a7

2. Bc5 + 8

3 Bd5 mate

(-0

GAM 3

Positioning the King

2

PIECES IN ACTION • 31

W: K6, Be6 Bf6 B: Kb8Wite moves and wins

a b c d e f g h

efore dealing mate Wite must prevent Blak's escape by 1 .

Kb6 After 1 . 8, Wte delnes seiz ure of te adjaent

eftward diagona 2. Be5), whi woud resut in staemate e

arksqare Bshop may oupy te b82 diagonal only after

blak has played hs King to b8 A waiting move sifts te e m p o to B lak T h is m e an s s i f t in g eiter Bisop to safe

quares along d iagonals eah a ready ontrols (te 8h3 di agoal for te light-square Bsop, and the d8-4 diagonal for itsarksqare partner) Wit 1 Kb6 Ka8, Wite temporizes 2.B7, a nd ate r 2 . . b8 te Bshops s e nto matng mode3. Bd6 + a8 4. Bd5 mate

. b6 a8

2 Be7 b8

3 Bd6 + a8

4 Bd5 mate

-0)



32 DLFI' DGM R

EN DGA M14

Cosn the Door

6

5

4

3

2

W c6 Bf7 Bg7 b8

We mves and wins

a b c d e f g h

f Wie res 1 . b6 as n e previus example Black sw ngs

back e c e ner . . . c8 and Wes Bsps cann

guard b les a d7 and d8 in ne mve And Wies ing

and Bsps are separaed and all sr f wrkng arm

nusl. A purpseul Bsp mve s was required ereenabl ing Wie gen e nse wu lsig i me Eer

Bsp can ave e nr.

A

1 d4 c8 c4 c8

6 b8 6 b8

3 . b6 Kc8 3 . b6 c8

4. e6 b8 4 e6 + b8

5 . es+ a8 es + a8

6 dS mate 6 d5 mae

0) 0)�·\

•

ENGAM15

Takn Away Squares

4

3 -2

1 -

PI I I • 33

W: Bd5 Be f8

Wie mves and wins

a b c d e f g

Wies pieces are a rigger-fne arm w eac ni read fr

maem. cnfine Blacks ing an uside rw Wie's

Bs ps ande n a dub levee barrer we e ng guards

penial escape sq ares. On ce e enem ng is su rrunded

adjace dagnals can be medicall cnrlled ne afere e r ni l e mnarc i s crnered w sample varains

f dieren leng are ffered. Varai A cncldes afer 7.

b6 as n ndgame 3; varian B ermaes afer 5. d4 as i

n d game 4.

1 . d6 e8 . d6 e8

. 7 d8 . 7 d8

3 . 7 c8 . 7 c8

4. c6 d8 4. c6 b8

5 . 6 c8 5. d4 +.

6 . e6 + b8 0)

7. b6

10)



D DGM U

E DGAM 6

Mate n Two

W Kf7 Bf8 Ng4 K8Wie mves and wins

A Bisp-Kng mae an be red nl in a rner guardedb e Bsp. e w mn pees sae espnsb es. fe Bsp mes n dark squares, e ng sud guardlg squares. ere e Bisp luses u e ing and e

Kng nfers e e e.

b7 + h7

2 6 mate

0)

GAME

Mate n Three

P T •

W K Bg, Ne K8We mves and wi ns

a b c d e g

In is senari, e nig ses up e dea blw, an eBisp deas e ree pees ine up rus ne fasn ine end ug e Bisp uld be equal l ruless n bc d4, r e Meanwile e l g squares are eld b e

andem ing and nig.

1 . 6+ 7

2 8 + 8

6 mte

(1



6 D DGM

N DGAM 8

Mate n our

6

5

2

W Kg6 Bb Ng Kg8We move and n

a b c d e f g h

po o come rom g ck K g ep b ep rom8 o 8 e prvou move e Bo p cecked e Ki ng a8 orc g o g8. e qu re Wie m u conrol g8 bmo g e Kn g . u e Kn g mu o oc k e

Bop go. Alo We mu void givng lemaec oul ppn i e cked g8 ile lack Kng a o verng clck k o mporing Biop log -e7 dgol

. N 8

e 8

. N6+ 8

6 te

0

DGAM 9

Another Mate n our

8

7

432

W Ke8 Bf8 N Kg8Wie move ad in

a b c d e g h

Back King i ou o dpar g8 leaving e a ope forWie' Kng o eer f7. men a e Kng can reliqui coverage o g6 and repoion o corol 7 Sringfrom e e Kig a ree equall good a o begn

depomen N d7

. N nd Ng

. Nd7 7

7 8

. .

7 + 7

N8 mte

0

Nd7 8

7 7

. N6 + 8

. 7 mte

0



38 • ANDLFINl' NDGAM UR

ENDGAM20

A Thrd Mate n our

W Ke6 B Ne7 B K7

Wie moves and ins

On e back ro Backs Kn as a mere o squares8 and8o pay bu eres also refue a 7 Wie sniffs e

daner and moves in is on Kin.

. 7 8 . N6+ 8

N8+ 8

. B6 mate

0)

EGAM21

The Lock

432

N IN • 39

W: Kd6 B Ne B Ke8Wie moves and ins

a b c d e f g h

Even iou e presence of We's Kin Blacks Kin isI apped n a Bs opKni ne. On ly si unuarded squares l iei n e cordon : e8 f8 8 7 8 and 7 Wies pan i s somple: e Kin is mane uvered from e ueenside us urpin

8 and 8 unl e Bsop can ransfer saely o e 86iaona Mae follos as in earler endames

. c7 8

d7 7

. e7 8

B6 h7

5. Bf8 Kg8

6. N4 7

7. 7 h8

8 B7+ 7

9. N6 mate

10)



• D' DGM

ENGAME 22W Kd6 B N KfWi movs and in s

Transton to the Lock

T sal doo Wi's Knig ms a and is Bsop ag. Kng n anls n from fan aniq movr sd o 1 Bd4 propaing a1-8 diagonal . B s rong r s 1 g5, food Knig o craing a oc

Dpnd ng on Blac's dfns is mad ir a 7 Kng or a 8 Bi sop Afr mov posionransorms i no Endgam 1. a is forcd n nin movs

1 . g5 e8 . h6 h7

Ng6 7 8 8 g8

. Ne5 + e8 Ng4 h7

4. c7 8 1 0 7 h8

. d7 g7 1 1 . g7+ h7

6. e7 g8 . N6 mte

10

T •

NGAME 23W Kc6 Ba Nd K8W movs and n s

The Kn Shft

8 g 6 � 4 3 - -2 1

c d e g

Blac's Kng sars n a cornr of opposi color o Bisop ms ssmaicall drivn across oard o a cornr of sam color. s f in a ig cornr King ms orcd o a dar on f a's coor ravd BsopAl r pcs mani l ms ngra ir n q pors

o form a nid forc. H W's ing occps d6 o ppor Kng's racng r sas off c8 andards ponial scap sq ars a f ad g6. Bis op nms o conro l in g g5 and ading o rvos n In f nal pos i ion afr 1 d6 7 Ne7 6 e3 7 4. W qc racs nning oc.

1 . d6 7 e7 g8

. Ne7 6 10 h6 h7

e3 7 1 1 . 8 g8

4. g5 e8 1 . Ng4 h7

5 Ng6 7 1. 7 h8

6 Ne5+ e 1 4 . g7 + h7

. c7 1 N6 mate

8 d7 g7 10



• D DGM

GAM 24

The Drve

W Kc6 B3 N5 Ka8White movs an win

When Blacs King is ntrnch in th "wrong cornr of thboar a corn er that s no accssib l o Whis Bishop i canbe rvn o eihr opposi cornr h r a1 or h8 I al l bgin s

wih a Knigh chc 1 .c7 +

o f or c h K i n g t o h 8 o r 1 .Nb6 + for a paral l aac oward a1 For co sstnc wihprevio en gams th e h8-driv s shown b a mirror-imageatac end ng n a1 wors s t as wll Whatvr th approach i is accomplsd sp b sp control l ing in sqnc onsqar afer h ohr along h osid row. Th Knight hithe l ight q ares h Bihop aacs th dar sqars and hKing perform the ml ip l fnc ion proc ig th Knighwhi le conf in ing he enem King mpo moves as rqirdare lef to the Bishop a sraighl in piee whih at a a a n c e . A f e r 1 . c 7 + b8 2 . b6 mpo c8 . 7

d8 4. d5 e8 Whi wins as in h prvio ndgam.

1 . c7+

2. b6

3 . 7

. d5

5 . d6

6. e7

. e3

8. g5

. g6

1 0 . e5+1 1 . c7

12. d7

1 3 . e7

1 4 h6

1 5 . 8

16 . g4

17. 7

18 g7 +

1. 6

10

T •

b8

c8

d8

e8

7

6

7

e8

7

e8 8

g7

g8

h7

g8

h7

h8

h7

mte



C A

Heavy eces Comat

wo Qee Edgame 25

Qee Qee Edgame 227

Qee Rook Edgame 234



6 • D DGM

G AM 25W: Kb Qd1 K1 Qg1 Qh2Wht movs and draws

Perpetua Check

a c d e g h

Gnrall if o promo a pawn into an ra Qn o wnas l. B som tims if nm pics hav harrd or Kin gor f o hav ad plan bad lc or pcs might simplhddl ogh inffctall nabl o plo thir advan

ag. Hr h Wht Qn d monstras its abi i o chcn bronl rsl ng i n a draw b thrfod rpttion of posit on .

1 . Q3 + Qgg2

2 . Qd + Qhg

. Qh5 + Q2h2

4. Q3 + Qgg2

5 . Qd + Qhg

6. Q3 +

Draw

GAM 26

Forced Mate

P T •

W Kb4 Qd2 Kb1 Qa1Whi moves and wns

From e sbl me o h r id clos . Yor opponn Qns apawn beore ou o. Imagine h rlif whn o manag oqal ze he game and Qn one orslf. A a draw apparscran or opponnt m oves p hs Kng and h ratns ma.

Yo are shoce whn ou realz hat o r pcs s mbl ngovr each othe r cannot organiz a dfns Sch co d b hcas when or pawn-mae Qn occps a Roos fi l.Afr Whe Ki ng I nrde s a b Bl ac sccmbs to h m lpl hrat o Qc2 Qd1 or Qe1 .

1 b3 Qc3 +

2 . c3 a

. Qb2 mate

0



• D DGM

GAM 27W K6 Q8 Kf6 Qg1Wh movs an wns

The X-R ay A ttack

4

3

2

a c d e g h

Pawns racn g o ma nw Q ns s an ct ng sow. Th frstnw Qn gts o gv h frs chc prhaps ptchng awhol nw ball gam. Mab Blac can fn or mabWh can pc off Blacs prncs s. Th acc s all nvolvs a

swr, or ra atac Blac's Kng movs o of chc anposs h s Qn o capr. If Bl acs pcs ar not t onh sam ran f l or agonal Wh mgh for th opposng Kng no a losng swr-lnp wh a sp chc Bachr afr ovng hs Kng o saft loss hs Qn fornothng.

1 Q8 + g6

2 . Qg8 + 5

3 . Qg

0

GAM 28

T • 9

W Kg1 Rh2 Kg3 Qf3W movs an raws

Staemate Sacrfce

n a ar sarng poston of Kng an Qn vs. Kng ano n whch hr ar no mmat actcs th stongr can forc a wn. Bt no all posons ar vo of stratms. For ampl whn h atacng pcs haphazarl

oach pon th fnng monarchs paganst-th-wall aton s ofn poss bl t o sacrfc th Roo to arrv ama.

1 . h3 + h3

Stalma



• D DGM

GAM 29

Pepetua Attack

a

.

65

4

3

W Kf1 Rg2 B Kh3 Q3Wh movs and draws

2§-

1 �

a c d e f g h

Yo mgh hav bn sprcarfl o avod a salma shohn on sdnl rars Blac was cann nogh o blocnr wh hs Kng a f3 hs avodng h draw of Endgam 28B wnng h fld and nvadng a h3 dosn hlp for

Wh rans h s salma salh. h Roo s mp chcs ah2 and s capr s sama Ohrws h Roo chcsalong h f ls rpadl and B lacs Kng can fnd shlr. f vr movs o f3 Wh sacrfcs hs Roo a g3 for sama an d f B acs Kng nsad ss havn b hn d hQn on h -f l , Whs Roo pns h Qn o h Kng Blac canno fasbl scap h chcs so h gam s a raw.

h2+

Draw

EGAM

T •

W Kf6 Q8 B Kh7 Rg7Wh movs and wns

Phdo Poston

-

-

6

5

- -

2

1 �

a c d e f h

hs poson was orgnall analzd b h gra Frnch masr FrancosAnrs Dancan Phldor 1725 Blac o movgs mad or loss hs Roo n no mor an for movs. Foram pl A 1 . . . K h6 2 . Qf8 ( B 1 . . Rg8 2. Qh ma

C 1 . . . Rg1 2. Q4 Kg8 3 Qa8 Kh7 4. Qa7 . Whavr ls Blac rs l ads o a sm larl dsmal rsl B s noBlacs rn ! Wh m s somhow rcra h sam posonwh Blac o mov Th rc s o rangla h Qnbwn 8 4 an a8 so ha Wh achvs h sam poson whl losng a mpo. hr crsp movs do

1 Qe4 + g

2. Qa+ h7

3 Qe

1



• D DGM

GAM3W Kd6 Qb Kc8 Ra7Whe move an wn

From de to de

8

a c d e h

Blacs pic ar awr. Nihr of hi pece sppors heother. Blacs Roo s powrles to chc and his Kng svulnerable o ct atac. The propr qnce of chcssprad chao rslt ng n caaona or the losi ng sd. Grad

al Whes Qn honds Blas King from th 8h ran ohe a f i l 1 . Qe8 + b7 2. Qd7 + b8 . Qd8 + b7 4.Qc7 + a6 if B lac r is 4 . . . Ka8, hs mad a onc b .Qc8 . Qc6+ a5 Whs Kng movs in o mop p wih 6c5 aftr whch Bac is mad n a mos hr movs vn ifh d las w ih a Roo sac r f ic (A 6 . . . . Rb7 7. Qxb7 Ka4 8.Q b 4 m a o r B 6 . . . c7 7 . Qc7 + a4 8 . Qg3 a5 9 .

Qa3 mate

1 . Qe8+ b7 6. c5 c72. Q d 7 + b8 7 . Qc7 + a4 . Qd8 + b7 8 . Qg3 a54 Q c 7 + a6 . Qa3 mate

Qc6 + a5 10

E GAM32

T •

W K6, Qc Kd8, Rd7Whi movs and wins

Doube-Threat Queen

a c d e h

Its a o go wrong and was tm vn daw h gamChec lead nowhr and h in vas ion 1 . Qc6 is m b1 . . . Re7 whn Whit ms sidstp 2 Kd6 R6 K6stalmate. Yo can fnd h rgh mov b prtnding Blacs

Roo doen st Prnd oo that o hav car blancha o can posi or Qn on an sqar vn if hQn canno acall mov thr in h givn posiion Im agnng hs hlps o vialz or prop goals If o conn h fanas wihot h Roo t wod b ma f WhisQn cold occp d7 or b8. Bt all, wh Roo on tboar on Q en mov aacs boh poins.

1 . Qb5 e7 +

2. d6 c7

. Qb6 e8

4. Qc7 8

. Qh7 e8

6. Qe7 mate( 10



• D DGM

E G AM33

Dua Methods

W K6 Qc3 : Kd8 Rd1Whit movs and wn s

Yo co l d win wo was in t his p osti on. Gi v a sris of chcsto pic off h Roo variaion A or c a dobl thratvariaon B which mas Blac or wins his Roo. In A 1 . K d8 a l low s 3 . Q b 8 ma t wh i l 2 . . . . Kc8 or

2 . . . . Kc6 rops th Roo of 3. Qc2 .I n B Bl ac c o d t 1 . . Rc1 bt hat nds i n ma afr

Q b8 Rc 8 3 . Q d6 K8 4 . Q 7 . A f r 1 . d6

i h r h g t s ma td 2 . . . . K8 and 2 . . Rc1 ar folowd b3. Qg8 mat or drops h Roo . . .Kc8 3. Qc3

A 1 . 1 b d6 e83. 3. 4. b 10. 6

6. Qd

10

GAM34

Perpetua A ttack

8

4

3

2

T •

W Ka1, Rf Kg6 Qb3Wi movs and daws

a c d e h

T hav upror forc is good. T rci i wsl s br.Moving or Qun oo clos o h nm Kngsqashingitla grond for a salma. Whi draws b havng hisRoo perpetall atac h King along h 2nd ran. Sarting

wih a Roo chec on h ff l coms to an abrpt nd : 1 Rf6 + Kg7 2. Rg6 + Kf7 3. Rg7 Kf8 4 Rg8 Qg8 and thstalmae iolvs. f Blacs King closs o atac th Roo,Whte chc an wa, for h Roo cann o b cap rd A nd ifBac Qen as h Roo aftr it movs t c2 that too sstalmae. Blac cannot fnd saf aong th shd bf lithr for Whi pas Rb2 pn nin g th Qn.

1 . 5

2. e4

3 . d3

4. 4

Draw



C A T E

4ooks an Mior ieces

ook Bho

Rook Knght

Endgame 35-39

Endgame

Rook and Bho ook End ga me 2-7



• DN DGM

GAM35

The Rht-Corner Mate

W Kh1 , Bh8 B Kg3, R7Whi movs and draws

Blac h rans ma a 1 a nd a B isho pKng for a h7adobl aac If Wh had a l ghsqar Bshop, hs caswold b hopss. B Whi has h darsqare Bshop, hrigh Bshop for h cornr his King alrad occps. T raw,

h Bishop m mov on sqars of dfern color from hKings cornr. Thn can bloc h Roo chc on a sqarecongos o h Kngs . Afr 1 . Bd4 e + 2. Bg , Blac hasno wa o progrss, an carfll ms ep Whi from alooming salma. In h final poson, f evrhing wrmovd on sqa o h lf, Blac wod forc ma bman g a mpo Roo mov along h bac ran. Sch a movwol forc Whs Kng o he corn and he Bhop hn af1 wold hang.

1 . Bd4 e +

2 . Bg d

Salema

E GAM36

Pn and Wn

T •

W Kb6, Rb2 B Kb8, B7Whi movs and wins

Blac Bshop conrols h cornr sqar coss o his Kinga8, hrefore s h wrong Bishop. T nginr a draw, hBshop ms ab o occp h sqar n o h cornrhr, b8 Th acal corn r sqar a8 s rsrvd for B lacs

Kng. f Whis Roo aacs along h bac ow, Blacs lighsq ar Bshop won b a rl iabl shi ld for his Ki ng. Th WhRoo conq rs b sarng wih d o l aac, h raning hBshop and ma. Afr h -a assal 1 2, Whi sampds Bshop and h bacran sqar immdal bnd f8. Whn h Roo rachs h las row, a dlaing movorcs mae.

1 . 2 Be6

2. 8+ B8

3 h8 a8

4 8 mate

10



60 • PANOLFINl'S ENDGAME CURSE

EGAME 37

The Chase

86

2

W Kg6 R B Kg8 Bg1Whie moves and wns

a d e h

Blas Bishop is fee as a bid bt his King is onfined to adangeos one He old ope i tapped in l ightsqaeoners (a8 o h bease hs darsqae Bshop old sheltehm from Roohes on an adjaent sqae. Shold Blas

King be dven to a dasqae one (h8 o a1 howeve theBisho p ol d not blo hes i t wee on the sqae net tothe Kng . T set p a winning doble ata White mst dvethe fee-as-abid Bla Bshop nto the open he freworsbe g in w ith 1 . Bh2 ( l ng p 2 . 2 Bg3 3. g2 ! Thsfoe s the B shop n to tage t ang e s ne 3 . Bf4 and 3 . . . Bh4 both l ose to dsoveed atta b Whtes Ki ng After 3 . . . .Bd6 (the best White finishes b 4. d2 Be . 2 Bd6 6.8 + B8 7 8+ (tmpo Kh8 8 8 me

1 Bh2 2 Bd6

2 . 2 Bg3 6. 8+ B8

3 g2 Bd6 7. 8+ h8

4. d2 Be? 8 8 mae

(10

GAME 38

Corner Drve

86

21

PIECS N ACT • 6

W Kd6 Rd B Ke8 Bb6Whie moves and wins

a d e h

Bas ng has managed to avoid the noios h8 onendobtedl a ls. ts sti on the edge of the boad howeveand that spe l s troubl e Ater thee ong moves b Whitesdden Blas ng s j st where he doesnt want it to be 1

Ke6 ( threatenng Rb K8 ( bot h 1 . . . B e3 R d3 a nd1 . . B f d le t t he R o o b e o m e m e n a i n g at t h eBshops epense . + g8 ( . . Ke8 t h en 3 . R b7 sdead 6 Bd4 + 4 Kg6 Bg . Bh2 6 2 Bg3 7g2 and wns he Bsho has no refge Wheeve t goes ado ble atta ol lows

. e6 K8 + g83 K 6 Bd4+4 g6 Bg Bh26 2 Bg37. g2

(1 0



• PANDLFIN'S NDGAM CURSE

ENDGAME 39

Postona Daw

W Kd1 , Bg3 B Ke3, ReWhte move and daw

a d e f h

Conde the pevo endgame with olo eveed and thede fe nd ng de White to move Fa ing the theate ned Kd3 a long w ith . R g , Wh te mt hooe o h Kng, even thog h it' towad the dangeo eto: 1 . d3

Ba pre .b

and Whte' Kng t n If Bla nowold get hi ire to 3 and Roo o , White wold olapeSo Bla ontie . 3 If i n tea d h e t i e . R ,then 3 Be t ot Bla Kng. The Bihop then tatb ne on te a1-h8 diagonal , and Bla no longe pogee. The ta move i 3. ! t eem a ae ol fo Whteto move n to vetil l ne wth Bla King, bt oo hap, foBla ha no wa to tae advantage I f he move Roo alongthe nd ran, White Bhop an he om e Meanwhe,ater 3 . . . Re3, the Bhop tem pore to h4, etai nn g ontrolo e1 Bla i mpaed and the elt a potonal d aw

1 d3

. b 3

3

Draw

GAME 4

epaaton

86

21

PIS IN ACTIN • 3

W Ke, R6 B Kb, Ne8Whte move and wn

a d e f h

enea, o er if o eparate or Knght and Kng n h•ndng, for the hoeman need t maet aeg The Roo e the re t t ng , on n ing , and d iv ing . T he K ing ap oahe o a me a entalized pot The Roo move n for

l . The ng Roo and Knght orm a taight l in e in the al itatona dtintive pie o pee. Ye, a Knigh one m d m.

1 8 Ng

. g8 Nh5

3 . g5

10



• PANDLFIN'S ENDGAM CRS

EDGAME 4

Toetheness

W Kf8 N Ke R7Wte moves and daws

Su a smp le aom keep e Knig lose o e Kng. Oewse e seed un s of e li f. Fo eample f 1 . N g4 Blakt ra ps e K n g w i 1 . . R3. Te Knig s los by a pn (2.Kg7 Rg3 o r a ork (2 Nf2 R3 + o We get s maed (2. Ke8

R8 Bu t e reea o g8 saves e day Te Kni g s gu ardedwle Blaks Kng s prevened om opposing Wies at f6 Nomae an be oed e Kn ig an' be pnned o foked andno real progess is poss ib le Te bes Blak an do s 1 . Ng8

+ 2. e8 a 3. 8 h 4 e8 (4 . Rg7 5. Kf8Rg6 6 Ne7 5 Nh6 givng We an oppouny to gow o n g . f n ow . Kd 8 t en . . Rg1 7. Ke8 Rg6 8 N7 Rg8 smate Bu one agan 6. Ng8 put s Wites ouse in oder

1 . Ng8

. e8 a

3. 8 h

4. e8

5 . Nh6

6 . Ng8

Daw

DGAME 42

PICES IN ACTN •

W Kd Rf7 Bd5 B K8 Re8We moves and wins

Attackn the Weak Sde

8

6

432

a d e

Ts s one of e pos ions oginally analyzed by e studiousP dor a 175. Somemes suaions of Rook and Bsopvs Rook are a daw oes are a wn or Wie Unless Blakspiees ae oodnaed e gets maed o loses is Rook. Te

ere is to ay on Blaks weak side away fom is stong sidealwar Rook 1 . a (reaenn g mae d8 + 2. 6 b8 3 .Ra5 h8 (3 . . . d7 4. K7 is a saemae y bu i fail s o 4.Rb + K8 5. Be6 p nn n g and wn n ng e Rook 4. b6

Rh6 + . B6 6 + 6 6 8 7 . a8 mae

a d8+

. 6 b8

3 . a5 h8

4 b6 h6

5 6 6 +

6. 6 8

7. a8 mae

(1



• PANOLFNS NDGAME CURS

ENDGAME

Rook Lft

8

7 6

4

3

W Kd Rf Bd5 B Ke8 RWie movs and wns

a d e h

W sivs o onol squae e8 Ck wi e Bisop a s n e ar bu fs Wie us find a aven fo s Rook af7. Te key move is e Rook lif o e 4 ank 1 R4 (eaen n g 2 B Kd8 3 R8 Re8 4 Re8 ma. f Ba k pi ns

e Bisop 1 . . Rd3 Wie plans s Rook o e gfi l (2Rg4 and Blak anno ge bak o blok e upcoming bakank ek (3 s eld by e Bisop Blak mu play 1

d8 Now We eveals e see of s fis move 2 Be4

uing o Blaks Rook fom e d eense and ean ing 3 Rf8mae. Blak as no oie e mus sep ono faal squae2 e8 and Wie onludes 3. B6 + d8 4 8 e8 5 e8 mae

1 4 d8

2 Be4 e8

3 B6+ d8

4 8+ e8

. e8 mae

10

DAM

PICS IN ACTIN •

W Kd Rf7 Bd5 B Kd8 RW ovs and wins

eakn Coodnaton

aks fores ae poised in d l ia dfns iv balan soW ie ps e sals wi e disupive 1 Rd 7 + Blak msomm o one side o e o Quensde f ig lo ses immaely 1 K8 2 Ra7 anks o Bisop's wa ov

3 Teefoe 1 e8 2 b7 (a ma ea fin o fusub Blaks oodinaion 8 7 + Ke8 ( i f 3 . . . Kg8 n 4 Rf3 w in s Bla's Rook and now if 4 R4 didss in pevous endgame

1 d7 + e8

2 . b7 8

3. 7 + e8

4. 4 d8

5 . Be4 e8

B6 + d8

7 8+ e8

8. e8 mae

10



68 • PANDOLFIN l'S ENDGAME COURSE

ENDGAME 45 W: Kd6, Rf7, Bf3 B: K8 R

Wht e moves and wins

Rook Lift 2

Te Rook l i f (1 Rf4) is mgy dangeous. t ans a B i sop

cck c6 and subsquen mae Blacks Rook s unabl o

coune raack W e s Kng becaus e Bis op o�mands d ·

I s he B shop's day fi rs aen ng mae by guad g 8, en

commandeer n g e Queens de b ockpo in 8 . Te ove

wrough B lack p eces are d one n

1 . Rf4 Kd8

. B5 Kc8

3 . b4 Rel

4. Bg4 + Kd8

. Rb8+ Rc8

6. Rxc8 mate

(1-0)

DGAM 46

hftng Sdes

PECS IN ACN • 9

W Kd6 Rg7 d B Kd8 ReWi oves and wins

a e f h

i Baks Rook on e Wie wises o g i s Rook o f7 ands Bisop o f3 Bu i an b done drly A Rf7 Re Rd2 and Bs op is obl iged o eun o d o blok ek; (B Bf3 K8 and Bl aks King kps e Rook ou f7. Te day is saved by sf ng W s Rook fom Ki ngs de oueenside and bak again sa ing wi a eaeningae Blak m us ie is own Rook o e Queenside o siel d

ga i ns ma 1 bu a es Wies Rook a esied squa w empo 2. beause now menaesae a f8 So Bla ks Rook omes bak o Kn gside 2 . e ( e al e na ive 2 Ke8 loses ae 3. Rf4 Rd1 4 Rb48 . Rg4 and mae a g8 foll ows Wes Bs op nowas s goal oo 3 B3 , and Baks Rook anno aak fom f 3 . . Ke8 e n 4 . R f4 ansfoms n o an ar l ie e nd e ad i f ns ad 3 . . R 8 e n B lak buk l s 4 R a7 l ai ve l y b es s 3 . . e3 bu afe 4. B6 d + Bd5

ak again founders fo a move f e ies Ke8 e isally uoodinaed afe 6 Rg7; and if 5 . e3 n 6 leads ino an ear l ie los ng endgame n s se ies .

a 4. B6 +

e Bd5 e3

B e3 6. d +

(



• PANOFIN S ENDGAM CURSE

ENDGAME 47

Phldo Poton

W Kd6 Rf Bd B Kd8 Re7Wie move and wins

m

,

•

7 -

� -

M

6 �

·

4 •3 - 2 • z

1 • • · §

a b c d e f g h

n is f amou pos ion Blak eaens o Rookek Wie'sKing fom d7 W e dae no oppose is by 1 B6 o 1 . B e6fo 1 . Rd 2. Bd7 is salemae We in sead ekon te as ow o foe Bak's Rook off e 7 ank 1 8

e8 Now wi 2. 7 Wie akes ono of e 7 ank fo

imself Blak's bes y is 2 . Re2 seng up a poss ib leek fom beind a d2 on a squae a anno be guaded byWies Bisop oweve afe e empo move . g7 Blak'sRook mus ommi o e1 o e wee e eks fom e ea(at d1 o d an be onoled by e Biop Vioy enfollows as n e peeding endgames

1 . 8 e8 9 d7 e8

2 7 e2 1 0 . b7 8

3 Rg7 e 1 1 ? e8

4. a7 2 4 d8

5 7 e 1 3 . Be4 e8

6. B e 1 4 B6 d8

7 B6 d 1 5 8 e8

8. Bd5 e 16 e8 mae

0

P R

TWO

-

The Pawn nAction

•

Ts seion belong s o e one and onl y pawn Te abil iy ofe unflappabe foo soldie o be pomoed

f

o a poson o

powe upon eang e 8 ank gve i suffien foe ome. nd

is mere vae as a passed pawn wi no osile

negbos n its pa o e Queening squae is uy a oe obe rekoned wi. ll sops mus be pu led ou o peven e

dangerous passed pawn fom eang QueensandTe ule of e squae e on esone of all King-and -pawn

endgame eoy deemines e ouome wen e passedpawn alone grapples w e enemy King Te pue beomes m?re omple wen bo Kings ene e fay Heevey rese eminoogy is neessay o fu ly and auaeydesbe e ful range of movemen employed in e due ofe wo Kngs vyng w ea ote ove e essboadTems su as oppst tagulat squeez and so onembody fundamena oneps aaezing vaious aspesof e elusive nuaned ealm of mona ial omba



• PANDLFIN 'S DGAM CURSE

Toiians av id o subsum wo ang oflag asps o ndgam suggl ino a singl oiasupsuu . T oy of ospondin g squas mosn amp is oo nw and u ni d. Many of is da s si l main o b wokd ou

Mo pa al and sussfu l is Gman ugwag(maning movbound w dis s o on wod vassagi nwok of ndgam posi ions n ugwag siuaions obligaon o mak a mov nomally an advanagboms a using budn T sid wos un i is mus

yid gound o advsay ofn wi faal onsqunsPa Two psns all basi onps ommon o King

andpawn n din gs paind i n wods and usad by ampls. Ea onp is givn iniia ly in is simpls mos undi lud fom and n la ingad wi o ms Tsdoy of idal ads in un o an appiaion of ilyinia pans mgng on a ssboad so mpy of ossmn.

C H A E

5 Kig and Pawn vs. Kig

• Squa of th awn Endgames 489

• Escort Problems ndgas 50-51

• Pawn on 7th Ran k Endgame 52

• Pawn on 6th Ran k Endgames 5359

• Pawn on 5th Ran k Endgames 60 -63

• Pawn on 4th Ran k Endgames 6466

• Pawn on 3 rd Rank Endgames 67 -69

• Pawn on 2n d Ran k Endgames 70 -72

• Rook-pawns Endgame 73 -75



74 • PANDOLFINl'S NDGAME COURS

ENDGAME 48W: K1 , Pa2 B Kg8Wie moves and wns

Square of the Pawn

8� B m®B

7

6 - - 5 - 4 - - 2 f & - 1 B B ®

a b c d e f g h

A King can oveake a speeding passed pawn wo ways. Onemetod s o compare e numbe of moves i akes fo epawn and Kng o eac e Queen ing squae f i s e same,e pawn i s caug; if e pawn ne eds less, i Queens Anoe

meod s o vis ual ze e "squae o e pawn Afe e pawnmoves o a4, imagine a box o weny squaes fom a o a8 oe o e4. Blacks King mus be able o ene a box on e

move o cac e pawn on a diagonal in o e back ank ne diagam, e pawn sas on e 2nd ank and e boxappaenly uns fom a2 o a8 o g o g2, wi Black's Kngal eady in te box Bu em em be a pawn may advance wosquaes on s fs move To compensae e box ms be

dawn as oug e apawn wee saing on a3 n is case,Black's King languises in e ouands

1 a4 K7

2 a5 Ke6

3 a6 Kd6

4 a c7

5 a8/Q(10)

TH PAWNS IN ACTION • 75

ENDGAME 49W: K6 B: Ka8, P5Wie moves and daws

Steppin g nto the S quare

8 ·

7

6 M®�

5 m i 4 -

- B

3 a

2 - ·

1 B -

a b c d e f g .

n is seup e squae exends fo 5 o d o d5

Wie enes i a d5 im med iaey A vis ual s ou i s o d awan imaginay diagonal l ine fom e pawn o e bak ank

e e, hS o d1 Te d-fi e en beomes e ine Wies K ing

mus coss I does so on e move Te diagonal conaningWies K ng and e pomoon sq uae is e "ci a diagonal n e diagam i is d5e4f3g21 . Reeaing e King

alon g a ci ical dagonal can be cadinal o an en dgames souion. Te defende uses e pa o ge bak quikly, ad e

aake ies o obsu .

1 Kd5

2 Ke4

3 Kf3

4 Kg2

h4

h3

h2

h1Q+

5 x h1

Daw



76 • PANDOLFN l'S NDGAM COURS

ENDGAME 50

Cleain the Path

8

6 m } ��.;/ . 5

4 3 -

W b6 Pa2 B d7

White moves and wins

a

2 1

a b c d e f g h

Blak's ng ould hunk on 8 obain in g a daw Whie hasenough mateal o wn the pawn ould beome a nwQueen yet he annot foe pomoion onc Blak's ing is on8 Even f Whte's ing moved to a7 hwating Black's ingfom eahng he one he would blok he advan of hisown pawn wh le Blak's ing fom 8 o 7 dnis him gssNow the ital squae b7 beomes impoant If is ouped by Whte's ng, Whie wns fo he pawn poc dsowad unhalenged If Black's ing eahs 8 howvWhte's ng canno oupy b7 he apawn's cita squae ning and pan vesus ing endings a squa is tical if byou pyng t the supe io side's ing oud n su he pomoton of the passed pawn A pawn is passd whn no nmypawn obstuts its path to h pomtion squa o guads asquae it must pass ove Loosly a passd pawn has passed

al l opposng pawns

1 b Kd6

2 a4 K5

(10)

3 a5 Kb5

4 a6

DGAME 51

Shieldin Off

8

-

7

6-

TH PWNS I N IN • 77

W: gS a2 B f3Whte moves and wns

� •5

o;

• • •

•a b c e g h

Black to play an daw wth a ngy move to 4 o e3 gettngwithin he "squa of White's advaning apawn whh exends fom a3 to a8 to f8 to f3. Ths pevents White omwnni ng by a staight pawn marh Afte 1 a4 e4 Bla s nthe s quae of the pawn (now i magned from a4 to a8 to e8 to4 and on the al eteating diagonal (e4-d5-6b7a8 enabl ng Blaks ng to get ba n tme Whte goes ist thewin is ahieved by White's ng opposing Baks row by ow

aoss he boad to the Queenside sheldng o Blaks ngom enteng the squae o the pawn The tunng pontcomes when Whites ing is on and Blaks on 3 U nable tomove o b3 beause Whites pawn guads that squae Bakgives way to b2 White's pawn then utiizes its two-squareoption o get beyond Bak's gasp

1 . 5 e3

2 e5 d3

3 . d5 3

4 5 b2

5 a4

(10)



78 • PAOFIl'S EDGAM CURS

ENDGME52

The Squeeze

W: g6 Pf6 B f8

Whte moves and win s

Bak has hs ing on e Queenng squae bu he ime

advane 1 7 squeezes him out Baks ing mu exi o the eft 1 e7, aowng Whites ing to ente on he ight The

move 2 g7 takes onto o the Queeni ng squae and afe e8/Q, White mates whn en moves The key o hi ending itim ing th e advane of th e awn to he 7th ank wthou

_t heck

You "squeee you oonens ing when you foce it off �he

bak ow by us hi ng you awn to the 7h ank wihou gv ng

hek Gen ea ly if you ae bei ng "squ eezed you mu makea move hat wosens you oiion

1 7 e7 6 5

2 g7 d6 7 e6 7

8Q+ d5 8 Qb5 K8

4 Qb4 6 9 d6 d8

5 6 d5 10 Qd7 mate

( 0

ENDGAME 53

Opposing

H PAWS I ATI • 79

W f1 B g3 Pf3

Wte moves and daws

The ohe si de of the coin If B aks awn advanes to he 7thank wih hek the deense hods Whe on move mu•deide whethe to u hs Ki ng on e o g t woks ou n ieyafe 1 e1 Blak ooeates and ushes h is awn withchek 1 + 2 1 But afte te oet eson se1 g2 the awn owns a safe ondut to the Queen ing

quae White therefoe must lay 1 oosng Bak'sn tento s N ow when the awn stes fowad 1 i t swth hek and stalemate esults fom 2 Kl K3 By oosing

aks n g Whi tes ng annot be squeezed

1 g f2 +

2 l 3

Staemate



• ANDOFINlS NDGAM COS

ENDGAME54W: d5 Pe6 B d8White moves and wins

When ings ae on the same ow with one squae betweenthem, occupng squaes o the same colo the ae "n opposition The sid e o on the move has the advantage, and i ssaid to "have the oppositon Whtes ng has the opposton, he contols the situation and can oce his pawn ahead

su ccessu ll Blac's ing has the opposition , he can stoWhite on the spot and daw When the ings sand in opposition , ne ithe plae desi es to move, o that woul d give goun dto his opponent Theeoe the onl sue wa White can adown a winning squeeze s o tae the opposition on the d-le,

1 Kd6 he ule s compel Blac to move and i s g mu st givewa The side step 1 e8 , emis the unmpeded advancewith advance 2 e7 ad e8/Q And ate 1 Ke White

squeees with 2. e7 no chec, when Bac is obliged to openthe doo to Whites i n g 2 . . K7 Kc7 and 4 e/Q

1 Kd6 Ke 6 Qe4 Kg5

2. e7 K 7 Ke6 Kh6

. Kd7 K6 8 K6 Kh5

4. e/Q K 5 9 Qd4 Kh6

5 Qe3 K6 10 Qh4 mate(10)

ENDGAME55

Dagonal Squeeze

TH AWNS IN ACTON •

W a5 Pc6 B d8


The ings "stand in opposition when the sit on same colosquaes and ae sepaated b an odd numbe o squaes ( 1 o 5 a long the same staight ow a an le o diagona

:hen ings in opposition occup the same e, the ings ae

n veical oppositi on . the occup the same an , the aein " hoizontal opposi ion. And i i ned up on e same diagona the ae in "diagona opposition I the ae sepaated

one squae, the opposition is cal ed diect. I hee ae heesquaes between the two ngs, the oposon s dsta

the sepaation is ive squaes the opposit o is lon g disatWith the upwad 1 Kb6 Whte taes the diect dagona opposiion, and ate 1 Kc edges b 2 c7 Kd7 Kb7

Kd6 4 c!Q Mae soo olows

Kb6 Kc 6 Kc6 K62 . c Kd7 7 . Kd6 K 73. Kb Kd6 8 Qg5 K84 . c/Q Kd5 9 . Ke6 Ke5 Qg4 Ke5 10 Qe7 mate

(1 -0) l!



• PANOLFINl'S ENDGAME CURSE

ENDGAME 56

Vertical Squeeze

W: Ka5 P6 B: Ka8White moves and wins

a b c d e f g h

Blak's King is not on the Queening sq uare but it is withn he"squ are of the pawn 6 to 8 to a8 to a6 so he hasty thrust 1 7 e nd s n a p u re af te r 1 . Kb. The pawn's orwad motion requi res royal suppor On y hoie of he right squares foradvanement and preise ti mi ng wil l seure White's eventualv iory. Fo eampl e 1 K b6? i s a mis take . Afer 1 . Kb8 thepawn an reah the 7h rank only with hek and Bak drawsby 2 + K8 3 K6 salemate. The ony orrect step forWhite is to move his King in l ine with Bak's one squareseparating the two monarhs so they stand n diet vertal

opposit ion . Wth 1 . Ka6, White seizes the direc vertal op-p o si o n on t he a fi l e . Aft er 1 . . Kb8 2 Kb6 Kc8 the squeeze

is on 3 c Kd 4. Kb and Queens on he next move. Ifi n stead of 2 . K8 Bl ak pl ays 2 . Ka8 Whie must avoid

the trap . 7 stalemate, opting for K Ka7 4 Kd7 and thepawn is onvoyed to the Queening square

1 . Ka6 Kb8 5 c8/Q Ke5 9. Kb6 Kd

2 Kb6 Kc8 6 Qg4 Kd5 1 0 . Qe5 Kd8

3 c Kd 7 Qf4 Kc5 1 1 . Kc6 Kc8

4 Kb7 Kd6 8 Qe4 Kd6 1 2 . Qc mate

10)

NDGAME 5 7

rontal Defense

THE PAWNS IN ACTIN •

W e2 B: Ke4 Pe3White moves and draws

a b d e f g h

Blak's pawn dwel ls on it s 6h rank and h is Kn g lurks be hin d ons 5th A bad s ign . White's Kin g is poi sed perfely or defense:on the blokade square e2, immediately in fron of the pawn.That's a ear d raw White s im ply sh ifts between e2 and e1 fBlak's King moves up a rank White's King dretly opposes

h i m (1 . Kd3 2 Kd1 , o r 1 Kf3 2 Kf1) akin g the di reverta opposii on . No progress i s poss be n suh asesmoving the pawn to its 7th rank wi h hek oy draws for it nolonger is possibe o squeeze Whie's King ou Salemate en-sues .

1 . Kel Kd3

2. Kdl d2 +

3 . Kel Ke3

talemate



84 • AOLFIl' DGAM CURE

ENDGAME58W: Kg Pe6 B: Kg

Whi moves and wins

Transition to a Squeeze

a b c d e f g h

Black has he dect vecal opposiio bu he can mainan

i. he move 1 . Kf is foced fo anything else loses he epawn) Relaively bes i s 1 . . . . Kg8, givng Whi te a chance o gowong. Whie coninues 2 K g 6 ! . B u no 2 Kf6 ? fo 2 . Kf8,

egann g he opposi on daws So 2 . Kf8 3. Kf6 Ke8 leadso he pawn squeee 4. e7 whch dives Backs King fom he

Q uee ni ng s qu ae : 4 . Kd 5 Kf7

1 Kf5 Kg8 . Qa4 Kc5

2 Kg6 Kf 8. Ke6 Kb6

3 . Kf6 Ke8 9 Kd6 Kb?

4. e Kd7 10 Qa5 Kb8

5 Kf Kd6 1 1 Kc6 Kc8

6 e8/Q Kd5 1. Qc7 mate

(10)

ENDGAME 59

Stalemate

TH PAWNS / l Of e M

-

W Kh2 B Kf3 l' g I

Whte moves a

Le's say you have an exa Knghpawn you Kng s sting onhe 6h o h ank ahead of he pawn ad is you move Becauious abou pushng you pawn I ay be bee o wseime and epos on you Kng o a moe ecognizabe st uato

even ansfeng i o he Rook-fe in some cases o avodhep ing you opponen o se pawnbae salemae raps Youcanno affo o be impecse with a pawn Soeimes after

bad piece move you can etu to whee yo state B u

pawns can' m ove backwad B ack has eoneousy p shed h pawn o he 6h a l lowng Whie o d aw wh a fonal efenevaiaio see End game 7). Afe 1 Khl 1 . Kf2 saleaes

Black should have connued his paw o o g ad payed hiKing o 2 nsead hen t o g3 fol owed by h3 Th omb aowoud have sp un g any salemate snaes

1 Khl g2 +

2 Kgl Kg3

Saete



6 ANDNS NDGAM CS

ENDGAME 60

Drect Opposton

W Ke6, P5 K8White moves and win s

White wold e i he pshed his pawn, o Blacs King wodhen oppose White's, taing the di ec vetica oppositon , endi n g in a daw. White insead sho d seize the oppostion , 1 K6 Then Blacs King ms accede allowing White's King atning maneve o the th an to gad the sqaes in thepawns path. his ind o ansitiona opposiion, im cleaing t he wa o ol owp t ni ng mane ves hat asse a win ,s the most powel thee is . These statagems pemi White'sKing o occp the pawn's ciical sqaes, which ae two ansahead o pawns on the 2nd d , o 4th ans, b onl one ann ont o a pawn on the 5th an Ths, i his pawn is on thed an, Whites King mst be able to occp one o theecitical sqaes on the 5h an . These hee sqaes ae on don thee adjon ing les : he i le with he pawn and he twoadjacent i les . gehe these thee i les consitte the pawns

TH AWNS N ACTN 87

nivese e neal l, it is to n eithe Kin gs advantage to movetsde the nivese I Whie gets the opposition within henivese he can appl a tnng maneve to occp a citicaqae to sqeeze ot hi s opponens King

1 . K6 Ke

2 Kg Ke

3. 6+ Ke64. Kd5

5 .Q K4

6. Q3 Kd4

K6 Ke4

8. Q3 Kd5

9 K5 Kd6

1 Q4 Kd1 1 . Q5 Ke1 2 Ke6 Kd

1 3 . Q3 Ke14. Qh me

1



ANDNS NDGAM CUS

ENDGAME 6

Crtca Squares

W: Kd5, Pc5 KbWhite moves ad wins

Cit ical sq aes o pawns on the 5h an ae one ow ahead othe pawnno two, as seen with pawns on the 2n d, and4th anks. Thas becase as Whites pawn and King advance to

the highe ank s, Blacks Kin g is oced to the back ow, wheeit n s ot of maneveing oom Whites citical sqaes heeae d6, c6, and b 6. I Whi tes King can occp an o these heesqa es, he can oce a win, whateve Back does. I Bac canpevent Whites King om gett ing to these sqaes whi leWhites pawn i s sti l o the th ank, Blac daws. Ths, i Blackg o e s s t, h e d aws b 1 . Kc Bt i White moves is, hecan pecede h is pawn to he 6th and occp the ctical qa e,d6 This i s what most Kinganpawn vs King bates ae abogetting the stonge sides King to the 6h ank in on o hepawn. Once o accomplish that, o win whethe the pawn i

THE PAWNS N ACTION • 8 9

ot a Rook-pawn) occupie s he 2nd 3 d , 4h , o 5h ans You shoud not move you r pawn o he 6h ank un less you King i s al reay o h e 6th an a n h e advanc akes h oppositi on al lowng Back 's K i ng to be squeezed . '

1 Kd6 Kc8 2 Kc6 Kb3 . Kd Kb74. c6 + Kb6

5 Kcs 6. cB JQ+ Kd4 Ke6 Ke4 8. Qc3 K49. Qd3 Kg4

1 0 . d Kh5 1 . K5 Kh412 . Qc3 Kh5 1 3 . Qh me



90 • PANDOLFINl 'S ENDGAME COURSE

NDGAME 62 W: Kf7 , Pg B : Kh8

White moves and wi ns

Whtes Kn g has reached a crtcal square and beyo

nd, fo i i s

suff ic ient o r Wh ite's King to occupy t he 6h ank to wn . I t

appears hat the g-pawn has a l l the maki ngs of a new Queen

Ye he Black K ing's proximi ty o the boads edge se

s a nasty

ta, 1 . g6 stalemate The winn i ng dea i s fo Wh ite_ to etrac� h i s steps, sation ing h i s

own k ing on h6, peventng B la� s

Kn g from us ing the h-fi l e to set up a stalemate tr ick and forcng

i t ou t of the coner.

1 . Kg6 g 8 . g6 Ke5

2 Kh6 Kh 9. Kg5 d6

3 g6 Kg 1 0 . Kf6 Kd7

4 g7 Qc5 d

5. h 6 . Qa7

6 g8/Q e5 3 e6 d

7. Qc4 Kd6 4 . Qb mate

(1 -0)

NDGA 63

Dstant Opposton

TH AWS I ACT 9

W: a1 b PcWhite moves and wins

Black's King c le arly can ake a post on n front o h s pawn , a

p l u perfect pl s . Bt with h i s pawn on its 4th an k Back's ing

m s be be to occpy the cr i tical squares on t s 6th ran k

S e ly, f Wh te s impe tous, B la ck scceeds : 1 Kb2? Kb4

(taking th e drect opposit �n) 2 Kc2 Kc4 3. Kd2 Kb3( the

t r n ng mane ve) 4. c1 c3 5 . d1 b2 6 d2 c4 an d he

pawn s handed throgh . With peci s ion play, howev� , Whte

on e 'ove sezes the dsant vetical opposiion 1 b1 po s1 t 1

on g h i s K ing an odd n mbe of sq uares away fm

B l a�k sK_ g-threeon he same fi le , keep ing t a bay By

m�ta1_ng, fom move to move some fom of oppos on

(eher dstant vertcal or drect verical), Whe can p event

Black's ing om reaching a citica sqae.

b b4 5. Kc2 3

2 b2 4 6. Kcl d3

3 Kc2 d4 . d 2 +

4 Kd2 c4 8. Kcl 3

Stalemate

i

r

I

i '



92 • AOLFNS ENDGAME CE

NDGAM 64W: K4, Pd4 8Whte moves and win s

The hee citical sqaes in ont o Whi's 4h-ank pawn ae

e6 d6 and c6. White can seize on one o them : c6, theo tsid� citica sqae. The "otsde ctca sqae s he one

athest om th e enem Ki ng. Wheneve the attackin g Kin g has

an option it is ette to head o the oside citical sqaewhi ch end s to e hade o Black's King to each He e

Whites King di agonal eel in es e4-d5-c6) o the otside c itica sqae, cossing ove in ont o his pawn a maneve

known as "the ovepass.

1 . Kd Ke

2 Kc6 Kd8

3 Kd6 Kc8

4 Ke Kc

5. d Kc8

6. d6 Kb

. d Kc6

8 d8/Q

(1 -0)

NDGAME65

Extended Overpass

THE AWN N ACTN • 93

W K2 Pe4 : Ka8White moves and wins

An inadeqate winning t is 1 K3?, which is answeed eithe 1 . . . K o ven 1 . . . . K 8) B oh moves ostctWhes Kn g om eachn g ts ctca sqaes on he 6th an kd6, e6, o 6 . B t Whte can oce desn's hand wth a long

ovepass to 6, t he otsde ctical sq ae. hen e pawn i sconvoed home.

1 Kc3 Kb2. Kd4 Kc63. Ke5 Kd4. Kf6 Ke85 . Ke6 Kf8

6. Kd Kf. e5 Kf8

e6 Kg9. e Kf 6

10 e8/Q

(10)

I :

i

j:I '

, .i ; .·1i

r !



94 PANDOLF N l'S NDGAME COURSE

ENDGAM 66

The Underpass 1

W K1 , Pg4 B Kc8

Whte moves and wins

a b c d e f g h

I n th i s examp e, a pawn psh d raws , o r B ack's Kng gets to t he

cru ci a area b efo e Wh ite's A d i ect a dvance by Wht e's Ki n g 1 .

Ke2 is stym ied by 1 . Kd7 2 . Ke Ke ! (d s tan vert ca

op pos it io n) 3. Kf4 Kf6. Once agai n , the d d e is sol ved by

headi n g fo r the ots ide c r t ca sqae h ee, h). T get the re ,

Wh te 's Ki ng e xe c tes th e ndepass , s l id ing b ehn d hi s pawn :

e1f2g3-h4

1 . K2 Kd7 7. Kg6 Kg8

2. Kg3 Ke6 8. Kh8

3 Kh4 K6 9. Kf7 Kh7

4. Kh Kg7 1 g6 + Kh6

5 . Kg5 Kh7 1 g7 Kg

6 Kf6 Kh8 12 . g8/Q

(10)

NDGAME 67

Opposition

TH PAWNS N ACTON 95

W: Kd B: Kc5, Pc6White moves and daws

Whte maks tme, frstatng the host e ntentons of Back's

K ng by 1 Kc3 t ak n g d i re ct o pp os it i o n . Aft e 1 . . Kd 2 .Kd3, B l ac k p o ce e d s s o e y by ad va n c n g h i s pa wn : 2 . . .c 3 Kc3 c4. White now mst srrende the b l ockading

squae c3 I n pr nc pe, he oght t o withdaw to the eseveb l ockading sqare c2, immediate l y beh ind the b l ockadingsqae c3. By 4 Kc2 Kd4 5 Kd2, White shts Back's King otof his critica 6th-ank sq ares.

1 . Kc3 Kd

2. Kd3 c

3 . Kc3 c4

4. K2 Kd45 . Kd2 c3+

6 K2 Kc4

7. Kcl Kb3

8 Kbl c2+

9 Kcl Kc3

Staemate

i

,

I

I

:l

I '

' 1



96 DFS DGME CUSE

ENDGAM 6

Reserve Tempo

W Kg Pg KgWhite moves and wins

Whies King gips a citical sqae g, so he mst have awinning gae Black has the dic ve ica opposit on btonl tempoai l Uti l izing his eseve tempo, White advancshis pawn, anseing the move to Black and gaining he op

posi ion o h imse . Ate 1 . g4 Black gives gond 1 . . Kh7,a n d Whites Kin g ascends the boad with a tni ng maneve 2 Kf6 occping a citical sqae in he pocess The endingechoes seveal we've alead seen.

1 g4 Kh7

2. Kf6 Kh8

3. Kg6 Kg8

4. g5 Kh8

Kf7 Kh7

6 g6+ Kh6

. g7 Kg

8 . g8/Q+

(

ENDGAM 69

The nderpass 2

21

TH WS CT 97

W Kc1 , Pb Ke8Whte moves and wins

a e f g h

Anothe npass Whies King ges to a3 as qickl as hedos o c, ad b a dagoal mach o a3, e gains go nd onBak's Kg. Blak sops he White K ings dash o he ousdeita squae (a b l n gng o b6 but with Kb4, Whit gsps

hod o h di e veia oppositio n eachng a i ia squaeon th ne ov.

1 . Kb Kd7 b5 Kb82. Ka3 K6 Kb6 Ka8

3 . Ka4 Kb6 1 K7 Ka?4. Kb Ka6 12 b6+ Ka8

5 K5 Kb7 3 b7+ Ka7

6 Kb5 K? 1. b8Q+ Ka67 Ka6 K6 5 . Qb6 8 b4 K7 (

·'



98 • ANDOFN'S NDGAM COURSE

NDGAME70W: K3, Pg2 : KWhe moves nd wins

Maintaining the Opposition

• •

-

� . - 6 � -sM® B �4 -

�

D

�

2 f 1 -

. .

a b d e f g h

The pwn cnt do o itse : 1 . g4 Kc stepp in g nto the"sq e o the pwn) 2. g Kd 3. g6 Ke6 . g ctcheste pwn. White's King mst seize the diect veticl opposit ion nd mint in it , ine l ne coss the od to he g-i e.At tht poi nt Bc k m st give w et o ght l lowing Whit e's

Ki ng t ni ng mneve to occp th-nk citcl sqe (4o h. Citicl-sqe sets e wo nks hed o the pwns

on the 2nd, 3d o th nks. This mens the cticl sqeso Whte pwn on g2 e , g, nd h4 B occping n othese thee sq es, Whtes Ki ng wil l e le to pomote hi spssed pwn oce

1 . Kb3 Kc5 Kg4 Kf6 5 Kf7 Kh7

2. Kc3 Kd5 9. Kh5 Kg7 1. g6 + K8

3 Kd3 Ke5 1 0 . Kg5 f7 17 g7+ Kh7

Ke3 Kf 5 . Kh6 Kg8 1 g8/Q+ Kh6

5 . Kf3 Kg5 2 . Kg6 Kh8 19. Qg6 mate

6. Kg3 Kf5 1 3 g4 Kg8 (1-0)

. K4 Kg6 1 g5 K8

TH AWNS N ACTON • 99

NDGAME 71W Ke , Pe K8Wite moves nd wins

Critical Squares #2

8 ®

7 - -

6 -

s a

-

4 - 3 -

•

-

• B

�

g h

veth ing d pends on who moves. Blck goes ist, hs King

cn stop Whes om occping 4hnk citi cl sq e twoows in ont o the epwn (d e4 o 4. Fo empl 1 Ke ongdistnt veticl opposton 2. Kd2 Kd6 distnt

veticl oppositon) 3 Ke3 Ke d ect opposition) nd Blck

dws. Bt i White goes ist he wns ecse he lws getsto 4thnk ctcl sqe Kd2e3e4 o to d4 o 4.

1 . Kd2 Kd8 e Ke2 . Ke3 Ke7 9. Ke6 Kf83 Ke4 Ke6 10 . d7 Kf7 e3 Kd6 1 . e6+ Kf85 Kf d5 1 2 e7+ Kf7

6 e4+ Kd6 3 e8/Q+7. Kf6 Kd7 (1-)




ENDGAME 72W: Kc1 B Kc8 cWhte plays and draws

a b c d e f g h

Black moves an wins as Whte dd n the prevous endgame

Bu Whte wth he ove draws by b lockn g Black from reach-ng his pawn's crical squares To wn wth the pawn at �,Bck's Kng must b e se o occupy eher b c or d. Whtesars by akng he ongdsan vertca oppost �n 1 . Kc2 .

Boh Kngs n ow sand on the same color squares ( l ight) separate by an od nu mber of squares (fve) aong the row hey are

on e fi e. Afer 1 . . . . Kb7 2 . Kb3, the Kngs stand nsn vecal opposit on and Wh te's has th e advantage eause he oves seco Fnally wh 2. . Kc6 3 Kc4, Whteods the rec opposton and Black can't attan any of hsrtcal squares. Black's Kng can move up later but oly a�terovng s pawn whch changes the crt cal squares pushng

them even furher beyond Black's Kng

1 . Kc2 Kb7 7 Kd3 c4 +

2 . Kb3 Kc6 8. Kc3 Kc5

3 Kc4 Kd6 9. Kc2 Kb4

4. Kd4 c6 10 . Kb2 c3 +

. Kc4 c5 1 1 . Kc2 Kc4

6 Kc3 Kd5 12 . Kcl Kd3

1 3 Kdl c2+

1 4 . Kcl Kc3

Staemate

ENDGAME 73

THE PAWNS IN ACTION • 101

W Kf1 B: Kg3 Ph3White moves and draws

Rook-Pawn Draws

a B B

7 - - - 6 B s B 8 B 4 3 B = t 2 B B 1 B B B<B

a c d e f g h

White draws i n the smplest manner : he insta ls h s Kng on the

Queening square and shutt les back and forth between h1 andg1 Any attempt to eject hm produces sta lemate If Blackmoves f rst he wns by pushng hs hpawn n most caseshowever Blacks Kng has to occupy g2 s hpawn's crtcal

square n o rder to wn . That prevens Whtes Kng fom gettn gto the cone r o r even the square f1 . A d ifferent cr ical squ are

formula exists for Rookpawns. The cr it ca l square for anyRookpawn s found n the th rank of the adjacent Knghtf le Thus for a White pawn on a2 a3 a4 or a for example thecrtical square is b. Only by occupyng that square can Whe's

King guarantee the unblemished march of hs apawn.

. Kgl h2 +

2 Khl Kh3

Staemae

I '



102 • ANDOLFINl'S ENDGAM COURS

ENDGAME 7 4W Kd2 B Kb3 PaWhte moves ad daws

Controlling the Critical Square

7

m 6 B 5• a ?· 0� -

B B B43 Bc B 2

m a a

� �

1 - a b c d e f g

Black to play wis by movig his Kg to his apaws ct icalsqu ae 1 . . . Kb. It s cit ical because, f Back's Kg ca occupy t, Wh tes Ki g caot acheve the core o mpede theapaws advace Occupato of a ctcal squae means thatthe paw ca be pomoted by force, eve agast the bestdefese Bu t f Whte pays fst he gets hs Kg to c . Back's

Kg eve gas hs citical squae ad the paw is thwated

A B

1 Kc a4 1 . Kcl Ka2

2. Kb a3 2 . Kc2 a4

3 . Ka a2 3 Kc1 a

Stalemate 4. Kc2 Ka1

5. Kc a2

6 Kc2

Stalemate

ENDGAME 75

Rear Defense

8

7a

6

5

43

2

1�

a

TH PAWNS IN ACTION • 103

a

B a-

a B a

a - -

b c d e

-

W: Kf4 B: Kh1 I Ph3Wite moves ad draws

�

;,

B

B t-

�

f g h

Whte bouds back just t m e to stalemate B lck. Afte 1 Kg3,

Black has o way to keep hs paw except to push t to h2. Butthe Whte eteats his Kg fathe to f2 ad Black, th e supe-

o sde s staemated.

1 Kg3 h2

2 Kf2

Stalemae

I:

1JII



C A E

6King and Two Pawns vs.

King

Doubled Pawns End games 777

Con neced Pawns End games 77

Spi Pawns Fie Apar Endgames

Sp i Pawns2 Fi les Apart Endgames

I

I



ANDIN NDAM CUR

ENDGAME 76

Pawn Ptch

8

4

a

W Kc6 Pb6 Pb5 Kb8Whte moves and wns

•

a

c d e g

You have doubed pawns if two of ou pawns ocup thesame f le because of a capue Doubed pawns tend o beweak since the cant potect each othe as an connectedpawns on adjacent files But when ou have doubled pawns

and ou opponent has nothing geneal ou win Wheneveou need to tempo the ea doubled pawn ould be pushedone sq uae if the e is a space between maki ng it ou opponents tun An ecepton is doubed pawns on the Rookfi leRegadless of who ges the oppositon in that case Black st i l ldaws if hs Kng blockades the Rookpawns on the conesquae ee the on poss ibe luk ing snafu is sta lematewhch occus afte b7 Ka7 . Kc But b pitchng osacficing his pawn instead . b8/Q + , White avoids the dawand wns fo h is K ng al ead sits on a citcal squae c6 aftethe pawn i s sacif iced

. b7 Ka? 5 b6+ Ka8

. b8/Q+ Kxb8 6 b7+ Ka7

3 Kb6 Ka8 7. b8/Q+ Ka6

4 Kc7 Ka? 8 Qb6 mate(1-)

H AWN IN ACIN 7

ENDGAME 77

Kn Dance

6

4

W Kb3 Pb5 Pb4 KbWhite moves and wins

a

•

•

f • •

-� • •

• c d e g

Whtes King is headng fo 5 But he must avoid moving it oc4 befoe Black pl as his K ing to b6 fo that wl l lose the fontpawn W htes King theeupon snakes aound 4 goi ng fom b3to c3 to d4 to c5 etain ing the possib l it of defendi ng h is font

pawn fom c4 f Black attacks t: 1 Kc3 Kc? 2 Kd4 Kb6 Now 3Kc4 s n ode as Black has p laed hs King to b6 th eateningto captue the font pawn Afe the moves 3 Kc? 4 Kc5

Kb? 5 b6 B l ac k se ts a t a p w t h 5 Ka6, hoping fo 6. K6stalemate But b dtchng hs lead pawn 6 b Whte avetsstalemate takes the opposton afe the pawn's apue andeaches the c it ical squaes on the 6th ank e ould affod tosacif ice the ead pawn because he sti l has one l eft

1 Kc3 Kc? . Kb5 Ka? 1 3 b K?. Kd4 Kb6 8 Kc6 Kb8 1 4 Ka? Kc63 Kc4 Kc? 9 Kb6 Ka8 . b8/Q4 Kc5 Kb? 0 b5 Kb8 (5 b6 Ka6 1 1 . Ka6 Ka86 b7 Kxb 2 . b6 Kb8



0 DI NDGM CUR

NDGAM 7

Pawn Mate

W Kg6, Pg, Ph6 : Kg8White mates n one move

A basc poson. Whte's Kng and connected pawns om acohesve ang block Sometes the inal positon evolvesom a pawn ace, in whch ack Queens a pawn beoe Whtebu gets mate atewads he agam cou d also esu lt ate a

Whte captue on g when a white pawn on 6 captues on g,checkng lacks Kng on h8 and ocng it to g8

h7 mae

-

NDGAM 79

Pawn Ptch 2

T W I CTI 9

W Kd, Pb6, Pa KbWhie moves and wins

Whte has to dch a pawn, ese he coud walk no staemaeo eampl e, K6 Ka8 2. Kc. he culp it s Wh te's apawn ,whch s ea supeuous. sac ic ng t , . a8Q + Kxa8,

Whte's Kng can ente the a sael wth 2. Kc6 takng the

diect dagonal oppost ion as h s Kng lands on the 6th ank.Wh staemate no onge a queson, Whte wins though theusual escot ing ethod

a8Q + Kxa8

2 Kc6 Kb8

3 b7 Ka7

Kc7 Ka6

. b8Q Ka5 Qb3 Ka6

8. Qb6 mae

(0

.1r



1 1 0 • PANDOLFIN l'S EN DGAME COURSE

ENGAME 80W Kg1 Pf4 Ph4 B : KfSWhte moves and wins

Split-Pawn Defense

8 • - 1 M m � B 6 B s f

- �

�

�

3 • • • 2 m a

�• m

•

L

d e f h

plt pawns sepaated by one file defend each oter f theyoccupy the same an. When one s attacked te other advances f the bac one s captu ed, the pawn n front moves upthe boad uncheced too fast to be caught from behnd.

hs Kf

2. Kg Kg

3 f5 Kh6

4 f Kh

Kg3 Kg8

h6 Kf

7 h Kxf

h8/Q +

(10)

NGAME 81

Alignment

THE PAWNS IN ACTON • 1 1 1

W Kh1 Pa4 PcS B : Kb7Whte moves and wns

8 •

1 f m m�

·

4 BB

3 . • • 2 • 8 - �

b f hOnce the pawns are algned on the same ran they ae unassailable if Bl ac does not aready atac ethe of them Tenafte Bac s Kng th eatens on e of them the othe is advancedWhile Bac tes to hold the fot White quetly haus up hisKng to jon the action Depending on how Bac chooses to

defend, Wh te has sevea ways o scoe the pont

1 a5 Kc6

2 a6 Kc

3 Kg Kc6

4 Kf3 Kc

. Ke4 Kc6

. Kd4 Kc

Kd5 Kc8

c6 Kb8

9 Kc5 Ka8

1 c Ka

1 1 c8/R Kxa6

Rc Ka5

1 3 Ra mate

(1-0)



1 • PANOLFINl'S ENDGAME COURSE

ENDGAM 82W Kd4 B : K7 Pb5 Pd5White moves and wins

Opposition

a B B

�

t: ;

6 • 5 t t 4

m

•

�-�

3 2 � B

a b c d e f g h

An exepton Isolated pawnsstanng on the same ank onefile apartdo no n ecessa ly defend themselves f the enemyng s aggessvely posted possessing the move and a leadyattak ng on e of he pawns Yet White annot just swm homeTakng the dpawn oses : 1 Kxd5 Kb6 Kd4 Ka5 3 K3

Ka4 4 Kb2 Kb4 5 Ka2 K3 and Bl a's Kin g has eahed atal squae ensng s wn Coet s 1 Kc , s l ipp ngbetween the pawns to seze the diret veta oppositonWhte follows by aptung the pawn on the file Blak's Kngm ove s to I 1 Kd7 , fo ex am ple Whte daws by 2 Kxd5K7 3 K5 Kb7 4 Kxb5, and Blak loses both is pawns

1 Kc5 b4 6 Ke2 3+

2 Kxb4 K6 7 K2 K4

3 Kc3 Ke5 . Kd Kc3

4 Kd3 d4 9 Kc d2+

5 . K2 Ke4 1 0 Kdl K3

Stalemate

ENDGAME 83

Getting Back

HE PAWNS IN ACTION • 1 1

W Kh B : Kd4 Pf Ph4Whie moves and daws

8 7 6 - • 5 4 · - �

.

�

3 • < 2 • • f • 1 .

a b c d e f g h

White an daw b ut not by a bl u nde ing aptu e of the h-pawnwhh allows Blak a pomotion at f1 Rathe Whe eteats hi s

Kng to g theatening the fpawn Afte Bla defends thepawn Whte blokades i 1 . Ke3 Kf. Bak then hasthe u nenv able ho e of two stalem ates Kf3 o 2 .

h3

1 Kg2 Ke3

Kf Kf3

Salemate



1 1 • PANDOLFINl'S ENDGAME COURSE

NDGAME 84W Kh1 Pb4 Pe4 B : KeSWhite moves and wins

• • 7 . 6 • •

.

•

�

4 � . f • 3 -2 • 1 ®

a b c d e g h

pl it pawns sepaated by two fil es geneal y win . I both pawnsmanage to coss safely ovr the mddle of the boad ont� theth ank the dstance between the pawns (three squaes) s nogeate than the distane o the Queenng suare (aso theesquaes) In that case the pawns ae self-sustanng and one orthe othe Que ens b y foce Geneally as one pawn is attacedt is used as a deoy alowing the second paw to advance

Bla's Kng is unable to defend two distan ponts s multaneously If neessay, Whites King an ten arive in time tosave the emaning pawn and escot it home n ths instancehoweve the pawns ae ye to oss the fontier i ne an d te epawn faes mmnen apte Whte an st l safeguad hs epawn y pushng the pawn, however fo the aptre at e4pulls Bla's Kng out of the "squae of the b-pawn whihthen Queens Thus nstead of apturng the epawn Ba'sKng must eteat to ovetae the deoy b-pawn _whh tenfa l s But w h i le B a e s in to apture W te h as J U tenough im e to bn g up hs King and ea a ri ial s quae inon of hi s epawn

1 b5

2. Kg

3 Kf3

4. Kf

Kd6

xb

5

5 e

6 e6

7 e

8 K7

c6

c

d8

d

9. e6 + Kd6

1 0 e e

1 1 e8/Q +

10

NDGAME 85

THE PAWNS IN ACTION • 1 1

W Kg3 B Kh8, PeS PhSWhite moves and draws

Inside the Pawn' Square

The exception to spli t pawns geneally win ning is wen ne fthem is a Roopawn Without the aid of Blacks King hs splitpawns two files apat cannot defend themseves Bla mustsarfie his deoy the good e-pawn n orde to save the bad-pawn Even th oug h Ba's King omes forwad !t lacs spaceto maneuve Thee simply are no squaes to he ght of the hfile. he game is drawn fo Bas Kng wil neve be able tooupy the h-pawns tica squae g2

1 h4 e4

2.

3 4 6

4 e4

5 4

6 K 4

. h

8 Khl K

9 h +

10Khl h

taemate



C H A P T E R

7King and Pawn vs. ing

and Pawn

• Pawns on the Same Fi l e Endgames 8691

• Pawns on Adjacen Fi les En dgames 91-95

• Passed Pawns Endgames 00



1 1 • PANDOLFINl' ENDGAME COURSE

ENDGAME 86

Outflanking

W Kh2, Pb5 B: Ka8, Pb6


a c d e t h

When both sdes have a pawn that bl ocs he other pawn ommovng they ae ixed. n ixedpawn siuations sometimes aKing can outm aneuve the othe and wn the enemy pawn Thetechnque s nown as outfankng." Fixed pawns have thei

own ctcal suaes Each pawn has up to thee ctica squaesto the ight o tse along he an it occupies, and up o theecitcal saes to the let on the same ank Thus a xed pawnin the cente coud have as many as six citical suaes. I he

King can occupy any o the enemy ixed pawns citica suaes,it can wn the pawn y oce, even i he othe sdes Kng ismomenta ly gua ding t The b6pawns cit ical suaes ae c6,d6 and e6 T wn lacs b-pawn Whie's Kng needs meey

get to the s uae e6 to outan k Bacs King

Kg3 Kb7 7 K7 Kb8 3 b7 K

2 Kf4 K 8 K6 Ka7 14 Ka7 K6

3 Ke5 Kd 9 K7 K8 1 5 . b8/Q

4. KdS K 0 Kxb Kb8 (-0)5 K6 Kc8 Ka6 K8

6. K Kb 1 2 b6 Kb8

THE PAWNS IN ACTION • 1 1

NDGAME 87W Kc7, Pe5 B: Kg4, Pe6Whte moves and wins

Trebuchet

B 1 m �

�

6 a 1 5 • .4

•

8<83 .

•2 1 - �

a b c e t g h

Both Kings have to get cose to the pawns on the eie bu t thepathway to the pey s echeous Zuzwan positions , wheethe compulsion to move cous atality aound I, o example White tes the d iec appoach Kd6, Bac esponds K setting up a zuzwa stuation nown as he teuchet Whtes Kng must bac o aandonig his pawn tocaptue he coect method o Whte is o steal u p on B lackspawn by Kd7 eicting the epy Kf5. Ony then doesWhite play 2 Kd6, settng up a avoable tebuchet o himselNow t is Bl acs King who mu st with daw alowi ng White to

captue on e6 wth an easy win Obseve the chaacteisicpostion o the Kings in a tebuchet, a Knights distance omeach othe

Kd7 Kf5 5 e6+ Kf8

Kd6 K6 e7+ Kf 7

3 Kxe6 Kg7 7 eBJQ+

4 Kd7 Kf7 (0)



10 • PANOLFNl'S ENDGAME COURSE

ENDGAME 88W Ka8 Pe B : K7 Pe6

White moves and wis

a b c d e f g hThe n eares cri i ca s quares for Wh e's Ki ng to win B acks p awn

are b6 c6, an d d6 ad th e closest for Bac ks King o wn

Whies pawn ar e f , g , an d h. Even houg h Back 's Ki ng

stands on h e fi l e r g h n ext o he e-pawn s, it i s W hites Ki ng

who fi rst reache s one of the cri t ica squares . Thi feat u re de

cid es th e ouco me If Bl ack choose s o defend pass ivey, W hit e

ga s th e opposi ion on the 7h an k exe rc ise s a turning or ou fla n ki ng mane uver on the s qu ares d6 and d7 , and p i cks u p

h e e6paw n . Sh oul d Bl ack ty a cou nte rattack agai ns Wh it e'

epaw n th en he a m sq uaresd6 and d7al low Wh te to

execu te a wn n i ng t reb uchet.

A

1 Kb7 Ke7

2 Kc7 Ke8

3 Kd6 K7

4 Kd7 K8

5 . Ke6 Ke8

6 . K6 K8

7. e6 Ke8

8. e7 Kd7

9 K7 Kd6

1 0 e8/Q

-

B Kb7 Kg6

2. Kc6 Kg5

3. Kd7 K5

4. Kd6 Kg6

5. Ke6 Kg7

6. Kd7 K7

7. e6 + K6

8. e7 Ke5

9. 8/Q +

1-0

NDGAME 89

THE PAWNS N ACTON • 11

W Kg1 Pf3 B : Kd4 Pf

Whie moves and daws

a b c d e f g h

Is cucial h at you ixed paw be on h e pope an when

you get outaned. it's you 3d an you loe; i its you 4han you d aw Ate K 4 B ac outfan s and wns White'spawn on 3 whch hen becomes a ciica squae o Bacspas ed

pawn at 4. he pawn he n Que en . Ate 1 4, Blac

aga

wns Whe's p�wn bu then Blacs King does not occupy

a ccal sq uae o h s pawn on ts citica squ aes ae e3 3and g3) he game s dawn.

'

4 Ke4

Kg K4

3 . Kf2 Ke4

4 Ke 45 . K2 3

6 Kl Ke3

7. Kel f2 +

8 Kl K 3

aemae



1 • PANOLFINl'S ENDGAM CURS

ENDGAME 90W: Kb8 Ph2 B: Kb6, Ph3Whte moves and draws

Critical Retreating Diagonal

Whit e's K i ng h as to move one of tw o ways . Whit e can move it

apparentl y cl ose r to th e pawn s , 1 . Kc8, and lose (1 . . . . Kc6 2 .

Kd8 Kd5 3 Kc7 Ke4 4 Kd6 Kf3 5 Ke5 Kg2 6 . Kf4 Kxh2 7 . Kf3

Kg1 8. Kg3 h2 , Queen ng). O r he can move o wha se ems

fart her away, 1 Ka8! , and d raw, as i n h e ma vaat o n . The

twi s is th a by p lay ng to a8, Wh e's King acual ly s mov ngclo ser t o h e cr it ical retreat ng d iago na l , " a7-g1 , ch an ne l ng

h i m back o f 2 a nd t rapp i ng Bl acks K ng afer h e cap tu res o n

h2.

1 . Ka8 Kc6

2. Ka7 Kd5

3 . Kb6 Ke4

4. Kc5 K3

5 d4 Kg2

6. Ke3 xh2

7. Kf2 Khl

8. g3 h2

9. Kf2

Salemae

ENDGAME 91

Shielding Off

TH PAWS I ACT • 1

W Ke6, Pa6 B Kc3, Pa7

Whte moves and wins

8 - -

1 m6 f -\- 5 - -4 - - 3 -

- 2 -

1 - - -

a b c d e f g h

Whites monarch can proceed toward Black's pawn a a7, in thesame nu mber of moves, wth three dierent first moves: Kd7,K d6, or Kd5 . O n l y 1 Kd5, however, prevents Blac's King frommaneuverng to the ctca dagona of retreat (h2-b8) to connect o c7, which encloses White's King at a7. The inexact play1 .

K d6 ? , f or e xa m pl e , d raws af te r 1 . . . Kd4 2 Kc6 Ke5 3. Kb7d6 4 Kxa7 Kc7 5. Ka8 Kb6 6. a7 Kc7 staemate. Thus, when

approachng a n a rea or particula r squa re with you r Kin g, try oind moves that aso hamper the movement of the enemy Ki ng

1 Kd5 Kb4

2. Kc6 Ka5

3 Kb7 Kb5

4. Kxa7 Kc6

5. b8 Kb6

6 a7

( 10



1 24 • PANDFS ENDGAME CURS

NDGAM 2

Squeeze

W Kd6, P B Ka8, PaWhite moves and wins

8 �- - -

1 r

�

m � 6

,

a m m 5 . f • 4 3 • • 2 B B B B 1 m a B a

a b c d e f g h

A fte 1 Kc7 Blaks King is oed in wth no wa ot hisstaematn g of hs King foes Bak to pa a losin g pawn moveWhte's pawn s then ee to whisk i n fo the i , s ppoted a lthe wa h s own k ing Bak to move daws easi eitheK o K8anthing to keep Whites King ot of the omn ipotent sqae. his position is a kind of sqeee, fo White'sfist move foes Blak to im pai h is position and lose. Yo ae sq eezed when an move o make wosens o game.

1 . Kc7 a5

2 b6 a4

b7+ Ka7

b8/Q+ Ka6

5 Qb6 mate

(10

NDGAM 3

TH AWS N ACT 125

W Kh2, Pe4 Kg4, Pf6White moves and daws

Changng the Ctca Squaes

a B B

E

7 6 -

·

�

- • 4 B B : B�B3 • 2

m

1

·

•

•

a b c d e f g h

Sating hs ampagn with a Kg move ields nothing foWhte : 1 Kg2 Kf 2 Kf2 Kxe, and Blak wins ease his Kingsits on a iial sqae fo the f6 pawn. Whie easons thatsne the epawn a't e saved, is loss mst evethelesseompass a ga White pshes hs pawn to e Baks pawn

is foed to apte and winds p one an fathe p theoad. his means he tal sqaes of Baks pawn have asomoved up he oad, eoming d, e, and f Sine White'sKng is now lose o the ew itia sqaes, it an peventBlak's King fom oping hem.

1 e5 fxe5

K Kf 4

3 . Kf e4

4 Ke e

5 Ke Kf

6 Kf e +

Ke KeSaemate



26 • PADOLFIl'S EDGAME COURS

ENDGAM 94W Ka1 , Pd4 B : Kb, P6

White moves and draws

Distant Opposition

8 - � 1 m s B t m 5 -� B B4 � B B3 - - 2 -

� d

a b c d e f g h

he King w il l ahieve zero by moving di etly with 1 . 1K4 2. K2 Kxd4, and Blak tri um ph s simply by oupyng ara square or te 6 paw. Instead, White musters a two

fold defense that works. Fist, he brings the rit ial squaresloser to h is Kig by sarfing hi s own pawn, foin g Blak's

paw to apure on d Seond, afer abandoning his pawn, hemoves hs Ki ng, not to b2 whih loses to Blak's Kb4), but to b1 ,to take te d stant vertial opposiion .

1 . ds cxd5

2. Kbl Kc5

3 . Kc Kc4

4. Kc2 d4

. Kd2 d3

6. Kdl Kc3

7 Kcl d2 +

8 Kdl Kd3

Stalemae

NDGAM 95

Underpass

8

7

1

THE PAWNS I ACTIO • 127

W: Kc2 Pb2 B : Kf6, Pa4White moves and wins

a b c d e f g h

T win, White's King must ot ony capture the apaw, it alsomust reah a ritial square after apturing it in font of the bpawn Di r e t a ssa u lt by 1 K3 fai l s . B l a k r espo nds 1 . . . a 3 ! ,and if White aptures, e is lef wih an unwnnable apawn.Nor does it hel p after 1 K3? a3! to push the b-pawn : (A) 2 b3

Ke 3 . K2 Kd4 4. Kb1 K3 . Ka2 Kb4; or B) 2. b4 e 3 . Kb3 Kd 4. Kxa3 K6 . Ka4 Kb6. The only viab le way o

dem oli s te apawn is for White's Ki g to u bak and sout hof his own bpawn 1 Kbl ! . N ow 1 . . . a3 can be an swered by2 b3! (not to b4, transfo rmi ng i nto variaion B above) And after2 . . Ke5 3 . Ka2 Kd5 4 Kxa3 Kc5 5 Ka4 Kb6 6 Kb4,

Whte gains the opposiion o the 4th rank in front of h is b-

pawn, ensurng his reahing one of the rit al squares on the

5th rank via a urng maneuver.

1 . Kbl a3

2 . b3 Ke5



18 PADFS EDAME CURSE

3 Ka2 d

4 xa a4 b6

6 b4 a6

b7

8 b a7

9. Kc6 b8

10. b4 a7

11 . b b8

1. b6a8

1 K7 a7

1. b6+ a8

1 b7+ a7

16. b8/Q + a6

1. Qb6 mate

1-0

NDGAM 96

Squeezng In

HE AWS ACT 9

W Kb4, Pb6 B Kd, P6Whie moves and win s

Whte t mphs diet l with 1 , and whethe Bak eteatshis King o 8 o d8 doesnt matte On 1 K 8 W h it eapt es the -pawn and nd ges Blak fom the bak an k in asq eeze 2 . K6 Kb8 3 b Ka 4 K Ka6 b8Q Ka 6Qb3 Ka6 Qb6 mate Afte the ate naive 1 d8, White

postpones aping the -pawn in favo of 2. d6 opposngBlaks King and theatening advane of the bpawn. T stopths Bak ms onine 2 c8 afte whh Whites Kingtakes he pawn on 6, hanging it into the in it ia winning l ines

1 . d8

2 d6 c8

3 xc6 b8

4. b7 a7

c7 a6

6 b8/Q a

Qb a6

8. Qb6 mate

1 -0



130 • PADOLFIl'S DGAME COURS

ENDGAM 97W d , Ph2 B K3 Pf6

Whie moves and wins

Can Whie 's pawn win he race o Queen ? Afer 1 . h4, Black's

King is whn he "squ are of Whe's pawn (an imag inary box

exendi ng from h4 o h8 o d8 o d4 when he pawn i s o h4),

bu he riial rereang diagoal leading o he promoion

squ are is b lo ked by Blac ks own paw a f6 Remove ha pawn,and Bak's Kig makes i bak in ime o overake W hie's

pawn .

. h4 Kd4

2 . h5 Ke5

3 h6 Kf5

4. h7 Kg6

5. h8/Q

10

NDGAM 98

The Skewer

THE PAW I ACT ION • 131

W: h2, Pa7 B: d3, Pf2

Whie moves and wins

Even if boh he Bl ak and Whie pawns make i o Queen sland ,

he frs o edge i n he new adyshi p ges o give he fi rs hek

Wha follows ould lead o mate or win nn g he oher si de's

Queen hrough an xray aak, or skeweaaking he en-

emy ing foring o move ou of check, and pik ing up heQue e n be h ind .

1 a8/Q fl/Q

2 Qa6+ Kd2

3 . Qxf

10



132 • PNDOLFI Nl' E NDGM COURE

ENDGAME 99

The Feint

8

�, ;

W: Kd8, Pa4 B: Kb4, Pf6

White moves and daws

7

6 .�

5

4 - 3

-

- -

2 - m1 8

a b c d e f 9 h

Whtes King see ms nefetual. t appeas it is too fa behind

lak's fpw to ovetake t ad oo fa fom his own apawn

o defed . f Whe bings his King bak aong a s e a

diagoal pathway howeve, he a eain the possibil iy of

doig eihe foig Blak to ommit himself. In othe wods

he s enng a defese of his a-pawn. Faki g movemet of youKg oe d eo so hat you gan tme to swth to anothe

dieto s al led a "fein If Blak hooses to make a new

Queen Whie's Kig aives me o save hs a-pawn and

make a Quee himself And f Blak's King spends a tempo

apug the a-paw Whites King a flag dow the fpawn

A

B

1 Kc f 5 1 Kc7 f

2 Kb6 f 2 Kb6 Kxa

3 f 3 Kc f4

6 f2 Kd f

fl/Q Ke f 2

6 8/Q 6. Kxf2

Dw Daw

TH PAWNS I N ACTION • 133

NDGAM 100W: Kh8, P6 B: Ka6 Ph5Whte moves and daws

Diagonal March

8 -

� - ;/.�

7 m a 6 � f - -

5,

. m m n i4 m m3 m m2 m 1 - -

a b c d e f 9 h

his is Rihad Reti's memoabl e diagonamah omposi ion .

White's K ing, as in the pevious endgame, i s hopeless ly pal led

a ahing he h-pawn o safeguading Whie's own -paw

befoe Blak's Kig gets to it The ux of the poblem is o

tavel the a1 -h8 su pediagonal This end ows Whie's Ki ng with

the potential of pusuing eihe a defensive o an aggessivepan. Oce Blak ommits himself White chooses the othe

oue and daws.

B

1 . Kg7 h 1 Kg7 Kb62 Kf6 h 2 Kf6 h43 Ke6 h2 3 . Ke h4. c7 hl/Q 4 Kd6 h2 c8/Q 5 . c7 hl/Q

6. c8/QDraw Daw



C H A P T E R

8King and Two Pawns vs

King and Pawn

All Passed Paws Edgames 0-02

Opposig Paws p lus Edgames 03-0Passed Paw

Three Adjace Fi les Edgame 06

Proeced Passed Paw Ed games 07- 08

Backward Paw Edgames 09- 3

Coected Paw s Edgames 8



1 36 • PANDOLFINl'S ENDGAME COURSE

NDGAM 10

Clearance

W: Kf5, Pe6 B: Kg, Pd6 Pf6White moves and draws

8 -

�

�

�

•

�

M f

•

M

s g m m®84 3 - - -2 - - - -1 g - -

a b c d e f g h

Blaks extra pawn confers obtrusive advantage, and if allowedto play 1 . . d5, he wins comfotably Whites natural try s 1 .

Ke4, but after 1 . Kf8 2 . Kd4 Ke ( 2 . . f5 i s a lso good) 3 .Kd5 f5, he l oses both epawn and the gam e White mu st str ike

immediaely o der ive benefit from his aggress ively p laed

King he sol utio ? He an dum p hi s epawn to push BlaksKing out of he pi ure. herefore, 1 e7 Kf 2 e8/Q + Kxe8 .

Now Wh ie mus tread areful ly, as 3 Kxf6 Kd7 4. Kf5 K6 5.

Ke4 let s B lak's K ing reah he r it ia l outs ide square, 5 .

. . K5 The rght way is 3. Ke6! f5 4 Kxf5 Kd7 5 Ke4 c6 6.Kd4, and Whte reovers just in t ime .

1 . e 7 Kf 7

2 e8/Q + Kxe8

3. e6 f 5

4 Kxf5 Kd7

5 . e4 c6

6 Kd

Draw

NDGAME 102

THE PAWNS IN ACTON • 137

W Ka5, Pf6 B Kh6, Pb7 P6White moves and draws

Diagonal March

a b c d e f g h

Conneted passed pawns possess a ready-made defense whenattaked by the King If the rea pawn is aptured, the leadpawn runs for a Queen. Here the presence of the f6pawnhanges the usual setup White can take with mpunty at b7. Adiagonal m arh, fein ting at the c-pawn wh le approachi ng the f

pawn, prevents a hostile oronation or allows White to coonate too Eit her way White haul s h ome a d raw

1 . b6 g6

2. Kxb7 c5

3 . c6 c4

4. d5 c3

5 e6 c26 f7 cl/Q f8/Q

Draw



38 ADF DGAM CURS

NDGA 03W f5, 5 h5 B f7 h6Whi mov and wi n

Outsde Passed Pawn

8

7 m 6 -

-

,

B f4 3 2

0

a b c d e g h

Whi do no Qun h xra awn, u rahr u i a adoy o lu Bla k' ing away from h hawn Af 1. e6

Ke7 2 . Ke5 a l und r woul d 2. g6 a on, for 2. . x6 3 xh6 f6 lok u Whi' ing and hrow awayh ky for a draw Ke8 3 K6 Kf8 Kg6 Whi' ing

aur h dfnl h6awn on h nx mov and oui g7 a mov afr ha. Whi' hawn hn rodoward Qundom unmold.

1 e6 Ke7

2 . Ke5 Ke8

3 Kf6 Kf 8

. Kg6 Ke7

5 Kx6 Kxe6

6 Kg7 Kf 5

7. 6 Kg5

8 7 Kf 5

9 8Q

10

NDGAM 04

Tempozng

TH AWS ACT 139

W 6 f7, h2 B: f8, hWhi mov and win

a b d e f g h

Whi forily alma Blak' ing, 1 Kf6 whih onranhi oon o a ommi al mov wih hi h-awn mu lay ihr on or wo quar Whi h do h ooiof wha Blak do, and win For xaml if Blak mov hihawn on quar, Whi mov hi wo quar f Blak

inad mov hi h-awn wo quar, Whi mov h onyon. Afr hi arring, Bak' ing i qzd ou

A B

1 . Kf6 5 1 . Kf6 6

2 . 4 2. 4 5

3 . Kg6 Ke7 3 Kg6 Ke7

. Kg7 Ke6 . Kg7 Ke6

5 . f8Q 5 . f8Q

1 1



1 AOS DGAM CS

ENDGAME 05

Tranuaton

W d, a, c6 B: c8, a6Whi mov and win

Black o mov lo 1 c, hn Wh rpi . c,rachi ng b6 on h nx mov and win nin g h apawn. I Blackinad ri 1 . . . . d8 (o r 1 b8, Whi quz Blackou wih 2. d6 c8 3 c7 b . d a . c6 (dl aying

h making o a Qun or on mov o avoid giving almaa8 6. c8/Q + a Qb ma Whi mov ir howvr, h canno win wih dirc nry ino Black poiion 1 c i a n wr d by 1 . . . c, and 1 . d6 i m by 1 . . . . d8h oluion i o riangula Whi' ing (moving i ovr hquar c, d, and d o rac an apparn rangl whchbrak h corrpondnc bwn h wo ing workbcau Whi pawn a c6 rr ic Black manuvringpac, whil Whi' ing ha h opion o moving back oihr d or c boh o which pav h way o invaion a c ord, dpnding on Black rpon.

A

1 . d4

2 4

3 . d

. c

s 6

6 . a6

7. b 8 . 6

9. 10. a6

1 1 a

a8Q

13 Qe4

Qe8

(1

AS AC 11

d8 1 . 4 8

8 2. d4 8

3 d d8

8 d6 8

8 . b7 6. d a

8 7 6 a8

8 8 8Q a7

8 9 Q maed 1-08

d

8

mae



D DGM

ENDGAME 06W g2, 3 B d1 , , gWhi mov and draw

Dstant Opposton

8

7

6 5 4 3 2

a

B

• •

�

%

,r

• � f

©••

c d e f 9 h

lack o play win by aking h di c horizonal oppoiion 1 . 2 and wi ndi ng aound Whi ing rom bhi nd 2 g31 3. h3 2 g g2 . xg x3 6 , and l ackmak a nw Qun Whi go r, h cano draw bygrabbin g h dirc horizonal oppoii on, 1 1, or ar a w

in g mov , 1 . d2 2. 2 d3 , i i cla ha Whi pawna 3 i an obacl, prvning i ing rom moving o 3 omainain dirc horizonal oppoiion Whi hould ar bycuring h dian horizonal oppoi ion, 1 Kh ar w hichh in g can rly manuvr o kp h oppoiio n. h o nyacic o worry abou afr 1 Kh i h pawn acric 1 g,whn lack nv ii on 2 xg 3. g 3 g6 2 g /Q + u a r 1 . Kh g, inad o 2. xg, Whi anwr 2g2 , wh n i h r 2 gx3 3 . x3 d2 or 2 . . 2 3 xg g 3 . g6 d2 6. g 2 g8/Q 1/Q wil draw

1 . Kh Ke

2 Kg Ke2

3 Kg2 Kd2

Kh2 Ke3

. Kg3 Kd3

6 Kh3 g +

Kg4 Ke3

8 Kf Kx3

9. Kxe

Draw

TH W T 3

ENDGAME 07

Pawn Ptch

8

65432

W , 6, g B 8, g6Whi mov and win

" : //

•

& B

I

·

t

l

B

w

11

•• • •

• • c d e f g h

ingly machi naion by Whi prov nohi ng 1 d6 2 d8 3 6 8, and lack prvn in gr o hi approach .Somim an xra pawn i oo rich or on gam Whidon nd i I i wrn hr, Whi ing hn ha acco h criical oulanking quar 6, orcing h gain o lack

g-pawn. h cr o winning an ndgam i o giv up marial advanag or a mor advanagou uproriy For xampl, acriic a pawn o ha your ng can occupy a criicalquar

1 . f7 Kxf7 Kxg6 Kg82 . Kd6 Kf8 8 Kh6 Kh83. Ke6 Kg7 9 g6 Kg8. Ke7 Kg8 1 0 g7 K7. K6 Kh7 1 1 Kh7 Kf66. Kf7 Kh8 1 2 . g8/Q

(10



• DS DGM S

ENDGAME 08W d, Pa, Pb B: , PaWhi mov and win

Knht-Move Opposton

How ay i i o rr. Afr c, akng h dirc vricalooiion Whi draw quic kly if h folow . b wih 2b6 for 2 . . . a6 conrain Whi o nwra lack in aala (3 c6 or o urrndr hi awn. y aking h"nigh-mov ooiionlacing h ing a nigh di

anc away from h nmy ingWhi cd h dirc vrical ooiion o lack whn i i undirabl for him o aki lack could anwr 1 Kd5 wih . . d, bu ha dro haawn afr 2 c c 3 6 . ni ghmovooiion canno b figurd ou by any rul. only ali inoiion whr boh id hav awn ha dio normalooiiona oibi l i i I rarly occur in ral gam, andwhn i do i i drmind by a concr anayi of hoiion a hand.

1 . Kd5 Kb6

2 Kd6 Kb7

3 Kc5 Ka7

. Kc6 Ka8

5 . Kb6 Kb8

6 Kxa5

(10

TH WS T • 15

ENDGAME 09

Pawn Sac

W d, Pb6, Pc B: a8, PbWhi mov and win

7

n

• • •

� �

J

4 • • 3 � - - • 2 • � • •

e f g h

brud Whi ing ono c o c8, and voil Salma acknd h l aiud o mak gal mov o ha hi ry can rad and u fo ma wihou h oily of almaing h i m. hi i no ral ly hard Afr 1 c6 bxc6 2 Kc7 lacking i cornrd, u hi nwly crad cpawn i fr o mov.

Whi i hu grand nough im o romo h awn androduc ma.

1 . c6 bxc6

2 Kc7 c5

3. b7+ Ka7

4. b8/Q + Ka6

5 Qb6 mae

(10



• ADS DGAM CS

ENDGAME 0W d5, P5 Pg6 B d, PgWhi mov and win

Breakthrouh

8

· u7 H�

6

5 _\ f _4 3 2 B B

1 a c d e f g h

Black ing ha wandrd oo ar rom h ingid har op ar ic ip a Whi jug g rnau h m w ih h r ak hroug hpawn acri ic 1 6 Howvr Black ror, Whi Qun apawn a w mov lar a g8 Th dndr n uc h i uaio n hamprd n ryin g o manan a avorabl oppoional ra

ion hip wih h n my ing, h m u alo nur ha hi owning rmain wihin h quar o a brakhrough pawn (animaginary boxdo block o quar n ordr o ay clonough h vnualy may hav o urrndr h oppoiion

A B

1 f6 gxf6 1 f6 Ke8

2 g Ke 2 fxg Ke

3. g8/Q 3 . g8/Q

(1 0 (0

TH AWS ACT • 7

ENDGAME W 5 P5, Pg6 B PgWhi mov and win

OutfanknOpposton

8

f

i

W

65

;f

4 3 B2 B B 1

B

B

a c d e f h

I Whi urn u Black ha h dirc vrical oppoionWh ud Black iup n h ingid cor o rgain hoppoion and orc nry ino Black' rriory Ar 1 . Kd,

B l ac k ca n o l l ow u i w i h 1 . . . . d bau o 2. 6 a winn in g b r ak h ro u g h . o h ri 1 . K6 u ar 2 Ke4

Ke 3 Ke, Whi ha oln h oppoion and can oulank3 Ke8 . Ke6 K8 5 Kd Kg8 6 Ke Kh8 Now i Whiing com any clor i wil l alma, bu h advanc 6 , guaran ha Black wil po a pawn r o mov,av o id i n g a l m a o r g 8 8 h8 9 8/Q ma.

1 . Kd Kf6 f6 gxf6

2 . Ke4 Ke 8 Kf f

3 . Ke Ke8 9 . g7+ Kh

. Ke6 Kf8 10 . g8/Q + Kh6

5 . Kd Kg8 1 1 Qg6 mate

6 . Ke8 Kh8 (10



8 • ADIS DGAM CRS

ENDGAME 2

Outflankng

W d P, Pg B : d7 PgWhit mov and w n

8 · r4 - 3 - 2 1

a c f h

Black ha th dirct vrical oppoition but Whi can pinch itaway at th right momnt y uing hi rrv tmpo movingth g-pawn. hi convrt to th winning ormation o thprviou two ndgam, and th am tati work h

1 Ke Ke72 g6 e8

3 Ke6 Kf8

. d7 Kg8

5 Ke7 K8

6 f6 gxf6

. Kf7 f5

8. g7+ 7

9. g8/Q + Kh6

10 Qg6 mate

1-0

ENGAME 3

THE AWS N ACT • 19

W , Pg, Ph2 d, PgWhi mov ad win

h mattr o corrpondi ng qua in volv oly ing andp aw n n th ndg am Corr p ond ing quar d rmiwhhr th gam can b won hy ra

o ach oh in a

rtain way. Each ing ha a quar that opond o aquar important o th othr ing n ordr or o id o

win, h nmy ing mut mov to i coponding qa irt .

Corrponding quar gnrally om i o wo: or Whi , and on or Black h qua uua y ua mor complicad nding, in whih a opp io pognoticat l ittl practica valu Corpondig qua an dtrmind only by vry xa alcaion, ad hr a oimp ormula tha an hlp

Again, whn two quar corrpond i i undia or apay to mov a ing o a orpondn qa or hiopponnt ha movd hi ing to it orpodi qua



�

1 0 • PADS DGAM S

lack hold h draw i ar Whi ing mov o a crainquar ack ing can mov o on ha corrpond. hwinning procdur hror i o ca mulipl invaionhra ha orc h nmy o commi h ing bor you dowhich a low you o hn brak h corrpondnc. h rickin hi kind o play i o ind ou hrough calculaion andanalyi which quar corrpond h i no ohr pracicalway o do i

n h ivn poiion Whi win by gng hi ing o .hn wih lack ing on 6 Whi u hi rrv mpo

(h2h3) gaining h oppoiion and oulankng o i lch h gpawn . T g o Whi ing go o g3 mnacing hwinning advanc h2h. lack ing kp pac wihin onlward fil o Whi. H mov o 6 only ar Whi rig3. lack m h2h by radng pawn ollowd by g6 lack ing wr nad on 7 or g6 Whi ing win byrach in g (g33). ack mo rovr can aly play onlyar Wh i 3

wo o corrpon di ng qua r ar ai n : g3 or Whiand 6 or lack i on 3 or Whi and or lack i hohr n ohr word Whi g3 corrpond o lack 6 andWhi 3 corrpond o lack Wihin a nihr inghoud mov o i corrponding quar ir hold hdraw lack in houldn mov o 6 bor Whi hamovd o g3. lack ing can mov o ih o i wo kyquar ( and 6) ony rom 6 Whi ha an opon Fromihr f2 or g2 h i ab o mov o hi corrpondi ng quar3 or g3 hu h wav bwn 2 and g2 wai or ack ocommi himl o 6 or hn go o h maching corrponng quar. I lack ing i on 6 Whi mov o g3 I on Whi mov o 3 Whi ing bak h corrpondnc and win.

1 Kf3 Ke 8 h3 Kf6

2 Kg3 Kf6 9. Kd Kf 7

3 Kg2 Ke6 1 0 Ke Kg6

4. Kf2 Kf6 1 1 e6 Kg7

Kg3 Kg6 1 2 . Kf Kh6

6 Kf3 Kf6 1 3 Kf6 Kh7

Ke4 Ke6 1 Kxg(1 0

EN DGAME 4

H PAWS AT • 1

W a1 P B a8 P P6Whi mov and draw

Lon-Dstant Opposton

a c d e f g h

lack ha an xra pawn bu i Whi ing iz h longdian oppoiion Ka2 la ck ca b prvnd rom maki nginroad ino Whi camp and h gam dawn. Ar Ka2

h ing and iv quar aparan odd numbraong hdirc pah o h ai l h ing ao occupy qua o h

am color whch mu b i h ing and in u oppoiion unaffcd by h fxur of pawn y mainaning hoppoiion along h nir board whh h dian o hdirc kind Whi hold h poion ogh

1 Ka2 Ka7 8 Kd3 Ke7

2. Ka3 Ka6 9 Ke3 Kf7

3. Ka4 Kb6 10 . Kf3 Kg7

Kb4 Kb7 1 1 . Kg3 Kg6

Kb3 Kc6 2 . Kg4 Kh6

6 Kc4 Kc7 1 3 . Kh4

Kc3 Kd7 Draw



1 52 • ANDFNlS NDGAM CUS

ENDGAME 115

Jettson

W h1I

P4 Pg B : h P7

Whi mov and draw

8 - - �

7 8 i m6 � - - �s B m *4 -3 - - 2 - -

- ®

a b c d e f g h

Whi m a winn r wih an xra pawn in hi arnal. YWh wo pawn a r l han Back on or boh o Whiar lo : 1 : g1 g4 2 . g2 x4 3. 2 xg. Al o Blacking occupi a criical quar (g or hi pawn a . incboh pawn wi go down anyway why no hd hm o ha

h cr i ical quar or B lack -pawn d arh up hboard making i hardr or Black ing o ach hm? Whi

d raw by acrii ci ng boh pawn i n ach ca or ng Bl ackpawn o capur and mov up clor o Whi own ing.Black criical quar onc and g now bcom 3 3an d g3

1 . g6 fxg6 6. Kf2 f 3

2. fS gx 7. Kf Kg3

3. Kg Kg 8 . Kg 2 +

4. Kf Kg4 9 . Kf Kf3

. Kg2 f 4 alma

ENDGAME 116

Breakthrouh

TH AWNS N ACTN • 153

W: g4 Pg Ph B: Ph7

Whi mov and win

8 - - �7

- t6 -

�

�

• �: f

4 B B®R3 - - -2 - - - .1 g

·

a b c d e f g h

You h av a pawn maj oriy whn ovr any grop o con cuivi l your pawn ounumbr your opponn. Capablancarul a ha you ar moblizing a pawn majoriy by puh

ing h unoppod pawn h o n wih no nmy pawn ahado i on h am fil. hi gnrally a h craion o a

pad pawn whih i unrricd by nmy pawn rom inron or on h i d. Bu ha ragy ai l hr 1 . g6 hxg6 2 .

hxg6 6 3. h g7 and h pawn i blockadd ; or 1 . g6hxg6 2. h6 6 3 . h4 7 4. Kg g8 . xg6 h8 wih apoiional draw T win Whi dfi h rul and puh hoppod pawn inad 1. h6. A 1 . . . Ke6 2. g6 Blak

canno op Whi rom promoing a h8.

1 . h6 Ke6

. g6 h g 6

3. h Kf

4. h8Q

(10



154 • ADLFIl'S DGAM CUS

ENDGAME 117

Outflankin

W: Ke3 c4 d4 B : Ke6 c6Whie moves and wins

a b c d e f g h

Firs Whies King akes he opposiion hen he wades in gradual ly hrough a genera ouflank ng u ni l Black's c-pawn s won.f afer 1. Ke4 Black responds 1 . . . . Kf6 hen Whie coninue souflan king o he r i gh wih 2 Kf4. Bu Whie does no y 2.

d 5? becau se of 2 . . . . Ke7 afer whih Black is prepared for

severa drawing me ho ds So af er 1 . . . Kf6 2. Kf4 Ke6 3 .Kg5 Ke7 4. Kf Kd7 5. Ke5 Whie gl ides ino h e main l ne.

1 . Ke4 Kd6 8. Kd6 Kb

2. Kf Kd 9. Kd Kb8

3 . Ke Ke 10. Kxc6 Kc8

4. c Kd7 1 1 . Kb6 Kb8

5 . Kf6 Kd8 12 c6 Kc8

6. Ke6 Kc 1 3 c Kd

7. Ke Kc8 14 . Kb Kd6

1 5 . c8/Q

(10)

TH AWS I ACTI • 155

ENDGAME 118W Kh6 g5 h2 B: Kg8 h7

Wh ie moves and wins

Reserve Tempo

8 -� .a

• a i

�- ·�

. �

5 • • • �

4 • • •3 . • . •2 - • • g

.

-.-

a b c d f g h

"he can move h is h pawn eihe r one or wo squares and hergh choce is crucial . A move of wo squaes 1 . h4 peeers he game o a dr aw af er 1 . Kh8 2. h5 Kg8 3. g6 hxg6 4.hxg6 Kh8 5 g7+ Kg8 6. Kg6 A on esq uare move howevergains Whie he opposit ion laer when he g-pawn reaches he

6h ank . f Black's King sars on h8 in sead of g8 Whie thenplays his h-pawn wo squares o garner he opposiion as hepawn laer moves o he 6h rank . Thi nk of coor o help fx thesuation in your m in d. If your u n moved pawn is a Rookpawnmoe i o he same coor square occupied by the enemy King.

f he unmoved pawn is a Knighpawn move t to a differencolor square from ha of he enemy Kng's. Just rememer:

Rookpawns pay he same Knigh-pawns a differen game.

1 . h3 Kh8 5 hxg6 Kg8

2 . h4 Kg8 6. g Kf

3. h Kh8 Kh Kf6

4 . g6 hxg6 8. g8/Q

(1 0)



C H A P T E R

9Mscellaeous Kg a

Paw Postos

ndgames 928



8 • ANDNS NDGAM CURS

ENDGAME 9

Drect Opposton

W: Kb6, Pa4, Pc4 B Kb3, Pa, PcWhi mov and wn

Dirc vrical oppoion i h cur-a l nad of xchangin gpawn 1 Kxc Kxa4 o 1 Kxa Kxc4, Wh wn boh of Backpawn wihou cdng any of hi own Fi, h dirc oppoiion i pun drd, 1 . If Black King giv way o h a-fi l,Whi cap u r h apawn if Black go o h c-f Whpilfr h cpawn. In boh ca, Whi g omhing fornohi ng and h ory pomo a pawn unh ind rd

A B

1 . Kb5 Ka3 1 . Kb5 Kc3

2. Ka Kb3 2 Kc Kb3

3 . Kb5 Kc3 3 Kb5 Kc3

. a 4 c

10 (10

TH AWNS N ACTN • 9

ENDGAME 20W K6, Pf4, Pg3, Ph4 B: Kh, Pf, Pg6, PhWhi mov and win

Horzontal Opposton

Whi aumpion of h dirc horizonal oppoiion vicimiz Black ou de sue A f r 1 Kf7 Kh6 2 . Kg8! BlacKing ha no mov, o h gpawn mu b advancd andacrificd , 2 . . g ubqunly com h Quning ofWhi' nw g-pawn.

1 K7 h6

2. g8 g5

3. hxg + Kg6

4. Kh8 Kf7

5 h7 K8

6. g6 Ke7

. g7 Kf7

8. g8Q +

1 0



60 • PANDOFIN S ENDGAME COURSE

ENDGAME 121W Kg8 h B Kg6 5, h6, h5Whit mov and win

Rear Outfl anking

8 -®

7 a • - -6 • -�5 . a m m i 4 8 f 8 �3 • • -2 g R 1 -

a c d e f g h

Black ha a my xtra awn w hich imd hi King' ail ityto rtain h dirct vrtical ooition. Thu atr 1 . Kh8

Black' h6awn hwart i King rom occuying h6 to maintainth dirct ooiion Whit win oth Back hawn 1 . . .Kf6 2 Kh Kf 3 . Kxh6 K6 Kxh Bu h ravaging

dont to tr. Wht a o wn th -awn . Kf 5.

Kg Kg 6 Kf From thr, who couldnt Qu n a awn

1 . Kh8 Kf6

2. Kh Kf

3 . Kxh6 Kf6

4. Kxh5 Kf

5 . Kg5 Kg?

6. Kf5 Kh6

. Kxe5 Kh5

8 Kf6 Kxh4

9. e5

(1-)

THE PAWNS I N ACTION • 6

ENDGAME 122

Trianguation

W K5, , c, 6 B K8 , c5, c6Wit mov and win

.

�-

- - -6 i m ; m a • m ®

; g B Bf

B

B g 2 • - - -1 8 - -

a c d e f g h

A yica rianguaton rolm t' Whit' mov, ut to al to win Whi mut rcrat th am oition wn it

Back' ur n. Black mut hn mak om concion ithralowng Whit King o invad a d6 (winning a l o/ Blackaw n, or rwarding Whit wih th ooition , a which oint

Whi romo th -awn d rcty

1 Ke4 Kd8

2 Kf4 Ke8

3 . Kf5 Ke?

. Ke5 Ke8

5 Kd6 Kd8

6. Kx6 Ke?

. Kd5 Ke8

8. Kx5

(1-0)



62 • PANONS ENDGAME CURSE

ENDAME 23W: 2, 3, , g3, h B: a3, a, , g6, hWhit mov and win

Oppostonal Fght

8 - •

7 . - ·� 6 - • t

5 m

1

�

-

i

_

I

3 � f - • �

2 .© • , • •

a c d e f g h

h lu hr i that atr th xhang o Qunid awn,laks ing wil l on st hind Whit in rahing thgid hatr. Arriving irt, Whit arly-ird onarh o rmandiz th g6awn, thn ma r im with th d rt vrtalootion. la ing gos right or lt, Whit ing a

turs th awn on th sam il as a ing, and laral iz nothing in xhang Whit i i n l in or a nw Qun.

1 . K3 Ka2

2. b4 axb4

3 . Kxb4 Kb2

. K4 K2

5 . Kd4 Kd2

6. Ke Ke3

. Kf6 Kf3

8. Kxg6 Kxg3

9. Kg

TE PAWN S N ACTN • 63

ENDAME 24W , , g, h B: , g, hWhit mov and win

Oppostonal Feld

8 • •

7 • 6 • • • 5 m : t :4 • • • 3 •2 ,

a c d e f g h

Whits doul idmnity ithr lo out la ing variat ion A or tranorm into oitions smiar o arlir ndgamvariation Evn lak xhang awn, 1 . g6 hxg6 2hxg6 h is l wth loing iuation ntially l i th manvariations n variation A, l a hoo hi orm o lxu

tio n, al lowi g th Qui ng o Whit awn or gawn. n ,la g matd.

A B

1 . g6 h6 1 . g6 h6

2. Kd Kf6 2 Kd Kf6

3. Ke4 Kg5 3 Ke4 Ke

. Ke Kxh . Ke Ke8

5 Ke6 Kg Ke6 Kf8

6 f6 Kxg6 6. Kd Kg8

f h . Ke Kh8

8. f8Q 8 f6 gxf6

1 9. Kf f

1 . g+ Kh

1 1 . g8/Q mate

1



1 64 • NDOLFNS ENDGME CORSE

ENDAME 125W: K1 Pa2 Pd4 B K3 P6 P7Wh m ovs and wi ns

Blocking the Critical Diagonal

8 • •

7 .• tB6 - a im •

5 • � . �

�

�

3 . ®�2 B B 1 a • . ©m

a b c d e f g h

woud ak v movs or Whi o ma a nw Qundi cy by ush ing his a-awn o a8. acs King gs bac asoin iv mvs raing aong h a8-h1 dagonalh main

siand snas h awn in m o rvn Quning. Anohr ang s a a 1 . a4 lack's Kng gs wihin h

"squar Whi's a-awn h box o squars imagind roma4 o a8 8 4 by 1 . . K4. A ogca solu in s o rct adour 1 . d5 exd5 blocing h cri ica rraing diagona

vn hugh lacks K ing movs ins id h "squar o hawn h d radbc hwars h s imy arr va.

1 d5 exd5

2 . a d

3. a5 d3

4 Kel

1 0

TE PWNS N CTON • 165

NDAME 126W: Kh1 Pa Pb, Pc B: Kh8, Pa7 Pb7 Pc7

Whi movs and wins

Breakthrough Combination 1

8 • i

�

•

•

s

6 • ,.�

�

•

�

s

4 3 2 1 ®

a b c d e f g h

Formr World Chamion Mha i l ovinni onc usd hsosi ion o din "combinaion or a rcd squnc omovs usually involving sacric and lading a las o a os ional imrovmn i no a win . Som h arly comur

rograms dsignd by h bri l ian C E Shannon in h la

'40s vn ui l izd h hr awns vs hr awns gam as asysm s o s i hings wr woring rory. Sinc h

K ngs ar oo ar away o b i nvolvd h awns war by hmslvs Ar 1 . b6, lac is orcd o a Whis awn ls caurs on his ac's a-awn as, Whi urs awayh bawn and Quns a a8. lacs cawn as Whidlcs h bawn oward h a-i and Quns a c8

B-1 . b6 axb6 1 b6 cxb6

2 . 6 bx6 2. a6 bxc6

3 . a6 any 3 c6 any

4 a7 any 4 c7 any

5 . a8/Q 5 . 8/Q

1 0 10




ENDGAME 127W: Ka1, Pe5, Pf4, Pg4, Ph5 B: Ka3, Pe6, Pf7, Pg7, Ph6White moves and wins

Breakthrough Combination 2

a b c d e f g h

This problem resemb les ts i mmed iate predecessor After 1 . f5,

B l ac l os es f he co n ti n u es 1 . . . . exf5, for 2. gxf5 Kb4 3. e6fxe6 4. fxe6 leads to a new White Quee n at e8. Mo reove,1 . . Kb4 2 g5 exf5 conc ude s sm aly afte 3 g6 fxg6 4.e6. Since the Kngs are vacationing from the main action, the

pawns again spit their own fire Both sides are gfted wthpassed pawns, but because White's starts off father up theboard than Blac's, White Queens two moves ahead of hisopponent and wins.

1 . f5 Kb4

2 . g5 hxg5

3. f6 gxf6

4. h6 g4

5 h7 g3

6. h8/Q g2

. Qg7

(10

THE PAWNS IN ACION • 167

ENDGAME 128

Tempo

W Kg2, Pa6, Pc5 B: Kc6, Pc7, Pf4, Pg4, Ph4White moves and

wins

8 • •

.

•6 f •® · - � �

•

m

•

�

1

•

�A

3 2 • .\ 1 • • • •

a b c d e f g h

It 's not Blac's turn , but if it were, he would win by pushi ng hi s

pawn to g3 however Whte respon ds , Back promotes a pawnto Queendom Note that the Queenside is frozen for bothplayers. If Black were to capture the c-pawn White's a-pawnwould Queen in two moves. If White were to push his pawn toa7, Blac's King would get to b7 and ovetae it. If White pays

f i r s t, he wins by 1 . Kgl , waiting for Bl ack to commit h mse f. Onthe Queenside, if Back then moves hs King, White's a-pawn

Q ueens On t he K ngs de , whcheve pa wn B a ck pushes ,White's King snuffles into the square immediately in front,stoppng the entire three-pawn cluster After 1 . Kgl thee

f ol l ows e it he r : (A 1 . f3 2 . Kf2 h3 3 . Kg3 ; ( B ) 1 . . . .h3 2. Kh2 f3 3 . Kg3 or (C) 1 g3 2. Kg2 Blac has methis Waterloo.

1 . Kgl f 3 5 . Kg2 g3

2 . Kf2 h3 6. Khl Kxc5

3 Kg3 f 2 7. a7 Kb6

4. Kxf2 h2 8 a8/Q

( 10



- - • P R

THEE Piece and B Pawn in

Action-

n art hr, th i raar, ut in no way dim in ih ingh rol o th ng Evn h Crownd Had i a ighingi, and in th ndgam mut moi l izd l i th othror Th dominant u, howvr, i ti l l awn romoionAll th i, inuding ing, ar rd into rvi, ihr

uorting or hwaring a Quning orationoing th ah o a ad awn a rqunt dniv

ati. Dould and aratd awn invi oad. Minori i ho and n ght art iua ly ra l y o th ta, ntrnhing on th quar dirtly n ront o th awn. n onra, th major i Qun and Roo ar mud aloadr, or thr moil ity ur too gratly Qun andRoo hin in ounratta rathr han in u dn, haraing th nmy ng wth i nan h an hrat humrg a limoti or maor i ndng raing hlror your n g again h

169



1 70 • PANDNS ENDGAME CURSE

A ad awn om mnaing whn a load annot t u o whn th lokading unit i drivn rom it os.hi on hans, or xaml, y onnd, id-yidawn hat advan in andm In uh instans, h ony wayto sav th gam may o aii a minor i or thdadly ad awn, ia y i it i your oonn atawn. In tha a, his xtra iho or night may inu int o or hkmat and th gam i dawn.

awn nar th dg o th oard wl l alr th nario omany ndgam Gnray, th lor th awn ar to thoutid, th l th manuving room or i in atak ordn. Endi ng with nightawn or Rooawn on rovid ia l y avora or unavoral xtion o th ru .Rooawn, n atiular, hav an odous rutation or roduing drawn gams. Whn th ony awn on h oad aihoawn o nt-aw a Qun o Rook, th in ataor dns , may hav grat xi il ty u i h on awn s onth ni ght- l or th Roo l , th ows o th maor isar atrohi d hy ant untion in aanc on it hr sid oth awn awn on Rooi don hav wo id our, h at iv dnd againt h Rookawn ith night, whih i awwad a t n zroing in on hornr, and lowr than th oth i in gting a.

C H A P E R

1 0Heavy Pieces vs. Pawn

Qeen s Pawn(s) Endgames 19-13

Rook s Pawn Endgames 135-10

Rook s Two Pawns Endgames 11 -1



7 • PANDN S EN DGAME CURSE

ENDGAME 29W g8, Qd6 B: 2, g2Whit movs and win

Blockng the Queenng Square

In ordr to win, Whits ing and Qun mut at as a unidor againt la's ing and dangrou awn. ut Whitng i too ar away to h th lady h winning mthod i orh Qun o giv a ri o h and thrat, ultimatlyoring la ing onto th romotion quar Thi grant

Wht a on-mov rit, au a awn ant movwth h is own i ng n th way at g1 , and Whit aitaliz yringing hi ing on quar lor. Th ro i thn ratd, again and again oring las ing in ron o thawn, uni l Whit ing i lo nough to uort ma orh win th awn.

1 . Qf4 + Ke2 . Kg6 K 1 3 Qh4+ Kg

2 . Qg3 Kf 8. Qf4 + Ke2 1. Kg4 Kf

3. Qf3 + Kg 9. Qg3 Kf 1 5 Qh3 K2

. Kg? Kh2 1 0 Qf3 + Kg 1 6 . Qf3 + Kg

5 . Qf2 Kh 1 1 . Kg5 Kh2 1. Kg3 Kh

6. Qh4 + Kg 1 2 . Qf2 Kh 1 8 . Qxg2 mate

10

ENDGAME 30

Stalemate

S AND AWNS N ACN • 73

W 7, h7 B c , QdWhi mov and daw

- 7 - 6 5

-

•

3 2 -

•

•

r

a c d e f g h

I la ould only mov irt, h would lay h Qun o h8ouyn g th romoton quar and dou ng any ral chan cor Whi to onvoy hi awn. u Wht go irt and l ay .Kg8, thratn ng o ma a nw Qu n. Atr 1 . . . .Qd8 + 2 .Kg? Qg5 + 3 . Kf Qh6 . Kg8 Qg6 + 5 . Kh8, lac h

handwrtng o n th wal : h an ta advantag o Whiawn ing lod to rng hi ng lor au t wouldalmat Whit Normally, a Qun dat a awn on quarrom Quning y oring th nmy ing to ouy h romotion quar. ut again th Roo-awn, hi ratgy uum to th hrat o almat.

1 . Kg8 Qd8 +

2. Kg? Qg5 +

3 . Kf Qh6

. Kg8 Qg6+

5 . Kh8

Draw

!



7 • PANDNS ENDGAME CURSE

ENGAME 3

Stalemate 2

W: d6, P B 3, Qa1Whit mov and draw

Th gnral rul tat that a Qun wil wi n again t a awn onth th ran h Bi ho awn i an xtion, a th Rookawn i l lutratd in th rviou ndgam n Whit' ingrah g8 and m th antiiatd Qun hk at g6, it i no oligd to t a ino h ath o Whi' awn at 8

ntad, Whit may aly aandon th awn and ul u n thornr I B la' Qun thn atu th awn at , Whit i talmatd So Blak ha no tt than a draw

1 Ke Qe +

2 Kd Qf6

3 Ke8 Qe6+

. Kf8 K4

5 Kg Qe7

6. Kg8 Qg5 +

Kh Qf6

8 Kg8 Qg6 +

9. Kh8 Qxf

Stalma

ENGAME 32

Mate in Two

PECES AND PAWNS N ACN • 7

W 2, Qg3 B 1 , P2Whit mov and win

A Bih o awn on it th ran nomal y draw agai nt a QunBut th ondition hav o igh Fir, th dnding ingmut al to lay into th onr hr, h1 Sond, thattaing ing annot nary I n thi ndgam B la ingha no a to th ornr and Whit' ing at th door, o

Whi win ai ly H an roun on h -awn y 1 d31 2 3 or h an lo h om to mat n two mov y 1 Qg4 Ke 2 Q d

1 Qg4 Ke

2 Qd mae



76 • PAD DGAME CUR

ENDGAME 33

Gaining Time

-

6 5 -4 - - 2 -

1

-

a c d e

W: g Qg8 h1 h2Whit mov and wn

-¥-

- --

/

h

You can dat a Roo awn on th 7th ran y crating a"ma n with ing and Qun Thi i don in thr tag.Fi t Whit ing aroach two qua clor to lac 1 Kg6 Kg2 2 Kf + Kf2. Nxt th Qun aum a ot on th2nd ran lac 7th ran lv with lac awn 3. Qd Kg

l ac canno rm it Qh1 Qd + Kg2 5 Qe2 + Kg .Fnally Whi ing advanc two additiona quar a oiion that i a night dianc rom th Quing quar h1 6. Kf4 h/Q Kg3 A thi oint lac can dlay ma or onlya w altry mov and on ly y ionin g hi Qun

1 Kg6 Kg2

2 . Kf + Kf 2

3 . Qd Kg

. Qd + Kg2

5 Qe2+ Kg

6. Kf4 hQ

. Kg3 Qd5

8. Qe mate

10

ENDGAME 34

No Stalemate

P EC AD PAW ACT • 77

W: 8 Qg8 : a1 a2 gWhit mov and win

- -

m

-

6 - - -5� -

4 - - - 2 - - -•

1

--

a c d e f g h

A Rooawn on h th ran uortd y i own ing drawagaint a Qun i th nmy ing can ao oin in th atac.Th uu al actic o orcing h lac in g to occuy h quarin ron o it awn o that Whit ing gan a mov to comclor dont wor cau o talmat ut hr th r

nc o a cond ac awn on g vo anothr o i i yt allow Whit Qun o tra lac ing or two movwithout ar o talmat a Whi gawn ay to g3 a nd g2During th inr im Whi Qun ic throgh to untoal mat.

Qb3 g3

2 Q2 g2

3 Qc mate

10



1 78 • PANDLFN S ENDGAME COURSE

ENDGAME 135

Cut-Off Along Rank

W: a8, R B g6, Ph5Whit movs and win s

8 \ -

B - -76 - -®-

- a15

4 - - -3 - 2 - - 8 -

a c d e f h

A Roos owru ail it to ontrol an ntir ran or il mansthat t an st u imnra bair th nm ing ant

oss. hus it oms ossi to atal shut out as ing rom war gams Atr 1 . Rb5 Whits Roo sta ish s a dnsor ild against as in g. I l a tris to Qun his awn

without th aid o his ing, Whits Roo movs in itsl. Itwai ts o th awn t o rach i ts 6 h r an , 1 . . . . h4 2. h3,thn attas it dirtl rom along th an, 3 R3. Th awnmust t hn advan t o avoid a tur , 3 h2 and t h Roo

gts hind it 4. Rh3, rvnting th awns romoton andtaing it n xt mov nvitab doom o a oms with th

arival o Whits ing, whih win s th awn , mats, o oth

1 . Rb5 Kh6 7. Kf6 h3

2. Kb Kg6 8 Rb3 Kh

3. Kc6 Kh6 9. Rxh3 + Kg8

4. Kd6 Kg6 0 . Rh6 Kf 8

5. Ke6 Kh6 1 1 . Rh8 mae

6. Kf h4 (0

PECES AND PAWNS IN ACTION • 79

ENDGAME 136W 6, Rg8 B: 5 P4Wht movs and wins

Getting Back

8 - mm

- 76 -

� . A�,..Q

• - -5 � ' 'i ;,/

4 �I ·�, �3 - - -2 - - 1 8 -

a c d e f g h

as awn and ing ar arthr advand than in th rvious xam , an d a Roo ut-o aong th ran s imdosn't wor . A win h ings on th sdist ossi l rturn o

Whits ing . Th Roo wors rom h ind , along th rans atth ror momnt, it hs th nm ing to disla it o

to as th ntr o Whits i ng. Gnral , th Roo is ida llad ostd h in d th awn, attaing th oot sod i and

all th squars th awn must vntua ass ovr nhind th awn th Roo an also sht orwad or award

on squar, whnvr Whit nds to tmo without hanging th asi situation In th na osit on las awn isost, and so is his ing Atr 8. Kc3, mat o ows rgadls s owhih o la's ou movs ar ssad A 8 . . . 1 9

x3 1 1 0 Rd 1 1 1 R d1 8 . a 1 9 Rx3

a2 10. 2 a1 1 1 . Ra3 C 8 . 2 9 Rx2 + a3 1 0 .

R4 a2 1 1 . 2 a3 1 2. R4 a2 1 3 Ra4; or (0) 8 . .a3 9 Ra

1 . Ke5

2. Ke4

3.Ke3

Kc4

Kc3

b3

4 Rc8 + Kb2

5. Kd2 K2

6.Rb8 Rk2

Rb K2

8 Kc3

1 0



80 PAN DN S N DGAM CRS

NDGAM 37

Reposton

: c3, Rb8 B a , Pa2Whi movs ad ws

a c d e f g h

wi, Whi must tick o two ims o his l ist: irst h mustralig his ig o aack h aw ad h h mus ward ostalma oh goals s dayligh with 1 . Kb3, which advacsh ig toward th aw ad bocks h Rook alog th b-lso ha lac k s i g has a sa mov 1 Kb . Ar 2. Ka3 +,

lac k has to ay 2 Ka i h wishs o roc his awu 3. Rh8 shits th Rook o h lak, whr it ca harasslacks ig ad ick o h lu ckss ootman

. Kb3 Kb

2. Ka3+ Ka

3. Rh8 Kb

4 Rh + K2

5 Kxa2

(1-0)

NDGAM 38

PCS AND PAWNS N ACTN 8

: b, Rb2 B b5, Pb4Whi movs and wis

Tempo FnesseOpposton

8 • •

7 ·\ · .6 • • • 5 �· • 4 [ • 3 2

�

s

�

1 a c d e f g h

Whit ds th oosit io o orc l ac's ig o commi oo sd o h aw or h ohr. lacs ig hn gos oh a-i l , Whi's ig rras aog h ci l, un hamrd Ilacks ig movs o h c-i l, Whis ing lays bac unchckd o h ai A mo m ov shou d b layd o sz

h oositio ad his is achivd by omting t Rooback o b1 . hby, h Roo is al so arh away om hocomi g l ack aw and ng This mas th Roo sa andmor abl o wid is ow ow, o a Roo uly shins as alograg ic

1 . Rb Kc4

2 Ka6 b3

3 Ka5 K3

4 Ka4 b2

5 . Ka3 K2

6 Rxb2+



18 PAND N 'S N DGAM CURS

NDGAM 39: 6 Pg6 b1 RhWhi movs and wins

Badly Placed Rook

h owrul Rook is oo clos o is ags disasr cannsu. Ar 1 . g7, lac s Roo canno so Whis awn romQu n ing and m r l ssas a b c h c k 1 . Rh6 +

Whi s wih di srus 2 , or ha alows lack o in hawn 2 Rh and o sacri ic h Rook or i h mov ar

Ging ou o chck b 2. 5 is no b or ac hn winswih 2 . Rg6 No dos 2 g5 hl an o lack hn hishis Rook o h1 whr i can la o g1 swin g Whis ingand awn or ing and nw Qun u b movng back aongh i l 2 Kf5 R h5 + Kf4 Rh4 + 4 Kf3 Rh3 + , Whi cana 5 Kg2, null iing lacks Roo Whi n orgs a nwQun and r iumhs

1 g7 Rh6 +

2 Kf5 Rh5 +

. Kf4 Rh4 +

4. Kf3 Rh3 +

5 . Kg2

10

NDGAM 40

Underpromotion


: b6 Pc6 a1, d5Whi movs and wins

a c d e f g hh is osiion ras o h rvious on . Ar 1 c7, ack ando nohing bu chck wih his Rook aong h ranks dr iv ingWhis ing back oward lacks A h rs criical juncu r, 1 . . Rd6 + 2 . Kb5 Rd5 + Kb4 Rd4 + 4 Kb3 Rd3 + 5 Kc2,

lac can no l ong giv sa chcs bu h has h rsouc

5 . . Rd4 ! . Now i Whi crowns a nw Qun 6 c8Q laclas 6 Rc4 forcing . Qxc4 salma. Whi avs hssnar h owvr und romoing o a oo 6 c 8 R ow R oo k sacri ic 6 . . Rc4 Rxc4 do s no pod uc sama. Manwhil Whi h rans ma a a8 w h is oo so la ck m us co n i n u 6 . . Ra4 o sh i d agains h oomngchck Th s a s o h na doubl aack Kb3 wh n acksRook is mnacd b h nm ing xa4 and ma is omisd b Whis Roo Rc1 lack canno cop wih h simuanous h ras

1 c7

2 . Kb5

Kb4

4 Kb3

Rd6+

Rd5 +

Rd4 +

Rd3 +

5 Kc2 Rd4

6 c8/R Ra4

Kb3

1 0



1 84 • PANDOLFIN l'S ENDGAME COURSE

ENDGAME 141W Kh1 , Pd6, PeS B: Kb3, Rb7

Whte moves and wins

Connected Pawns on 6th Rank

8 B7

� m f

6#

5 �

�

4 - -

•3 -� -2m

-

mB �

a b c d e f g h

Uness there is a urnabout tactic, conneced passed pawns,

unted on the 6th rank, defeat a Rook if the defendng Kng

canno asss he Rook. Afer 1 e6, Whie Queens a pawn by

fo rce T he s kewe r 1 . . Rb6 aacks boh pawns in a line, bu

Whe can push ei her one successful ly wihou real y ry ing.

1 . e6 Kc4

2 d7 Rb8

3. e7 Kd5

4 d8/Q + Rxd8

5 exd8/Q +

(1-0)

PIECES AND PAWNS IN ACTION • 185

ENDGAME 142W: Ka8, Rb7 B Kh8 Pd3, Pe4

Whie moves and win s

Rear Attack on Advanced Pawn

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

®B B M �, 'Z "/�

m § g BM B B B B

t

�

�

t

1 �� B BB B

a b c d e f g h

Black has conneced passed pawns , bu only one has reached

he 6h rank whie he ohe is si l on he 5h rank Whies

Rook migh be able to do in he pawns if he enemy King

canno suppor their advance. The Rook simply atacks the

most advanced pawn along he f le by going behind i (or, if he

suaon necessitates, in fron) Neither pawn can hen budgewthout the lead pawn beng aptured for nothng. In the

diagram, White p lays 1 . Rd7, and then brings back his King o

mop up. Black's King cut off and ou of pay, lacks power o do

anything

1 . Rd7 Kg8

2. Kb7 Kf8

3. Kc6 Ke8

. Rd Kf7

5. Kd5 e3

6. Rxd3 e2

7. Re3 elQ

8. Rxel

(1-0)



186 PANON'S NDGAME CRS

NDGAM 3

rontal Attack

: g, Rg2 b, P3, P4Whi movs ad wis

8 • -

7 �· .\. 6 • 5

.

3 • • � • 2 B a 8§B 1 • •

a c d e f g h

c aga, Whis Ro ss bh aws rom advacigsaly by aacki g h lad aw al g h i , hi s m romi r, 1 . Re2 Whis ig h acs back ad bas acso h aws, sa g bh hm wh h ad o h Roo

1 . Re2 K62 Kf6 Kd5

3. Kf5 f 3

4 Rxe3 f2

Rf3 f/Q

6. Rxf

1 0

PECS ANO PAWNS N ACTN 18

NDGAM 6, Rg3 8, Pg2, Ph2Whi mvs ad draws

erpetual Threat

.

�

.

7 .

� .

•

5 - 4 3

R

2 B B B t [1

a c e g h

lack has osiv cocd aws o h h rak, bhady or Quig i h x mov h R aks h gaw lacks h-aw as h hors. Th suaio ookshoss bu hr's a surrsig rsurc Whi hrasma 1 Ra3 ad lac cao aord o was a mv u sh ig

ihr aw Ar lack aswrs 1 . . Kg8 Whi sars chckig , 2 Rg3 Kh7 3 . Rh3 Kg8 4 Rg3 Kf8 Ra3, ad h isis whr w cam ihig vud, hig gaid S lac k l s o h Q u si d , 5 Ke8 bu h Whis igjos h drama wih maig hras, . Ke6 Kd8 Kd6 Kc8 8.K6 ack s 8 Kb8 h Whs R sars hrr ig chckig o h Qusd 9 Rb3 Ka7 1 0 R3

Kb8 1 1 . Rb3 Clarly, lac ca lud h chcks adhras log ough o a iz a w Qu Whis rualaacks draw h gam.

. Ra3 Kg8 6 Ke6 Kd8 1 1 . Rb3 K8

2 Rg3 Kh7 . Kd6 K8 1 2 . Ra3 Kd8

3 Rh3 Kg8 8 . Kc6 Kb8 1 3 Kd6 Ke8

4. Rg3 Kf8 9 Rb3 Ka7 1. Ke6 Kf8

5 .Ra3 Ke8

1 0 Ra3 Kb8

K6

Draw



C H A T R

1 1Minor Pieces vs. Pawn

• Bshop s Paw Edgaes 156

• Knigh s Pawn Edgaes 155

• Knigh s Paw Edgaes 156158



190 • PANDOLFNlS ENDAM COURS

ENDGAME 145

Discovered Mate

W Kc6 dS B: Ka8 a

Wht mov and win

hi i aadi o Whit, Dant 9th ccl o lack lack

King i coald at a8, and hi own awn i an obtacl Whit

Kn g mov u to c guad ing b8 and unv l ing a l i tal in g

i ho lac i matd

1 K7 mae(1 0)

NDGAME 146

PCS AND PAWNS N ACTON • 191

W: KdS Pa Pg4 B: K6 h6

Whit mov and wn

Creating a Block

Wht ahly advanc, 1 aS, ack hi hi h o to 3,

wh i can b aciicd o th aawn ncay, and h

gam cd to a daw Wh it coud tat hi King to 4 to

to th iho om going to 3 but it cod i l lay to 8 and

hn c again catching th aawn ut Whit can co ac

w it h 1 g5 + !. I lack King tak, thn h c1h6 diagonal ibockd and th iho cant ach 3 in tim to thwat th

pawn I lack intad catu w ith th i ho 1 . . Bxg,

hn Whit can lnt bac with h i Kng, 2 . Ke4 and th iho

d on mov mo than it di d bo to ach o 8 and thn

S Th aawn go to havn gat

1 g5 + Bxg5

2 . Ke4 Bh6

3 a6 Bf8

4 a7 Any

S a8/Q

1 0)



1 9 PANDOF N 'S ENDGAM CORSE

ENDGAME 147

Pawn' Way

: a, N 3, Pd2Whit movs and wi s

8 -

7 m m 6 - -

5 . - - 4 - -3 8® - 2 � [ 1 - �

a c d e f g

Agains an nmy ig ad ay awn no on a Rook-i l anunassi std nig h ca ward o h awn h night occui san y squar in h awns ah v a awn advancd as ar as

h h rank Wh th my ng atacks h ngh om

lank sid h sd simp ly drssags o h ohr I h nmy

ing ris o manuvr o h oh wing Whis ing sridsback ju st or good masu and n orcs th daw

1 Nd K2

2. Nf2 K3

3 Kb6 Kd4

4 Kb5 Ke3

5 Nd + Kd3

6. Kb4 K2

7 Nf2 Kb

8. Kb3 K

9 K3 d/Q

10 . Nxd Kxd

Draw

PECS AND PAWNS N ACON 193

ENDGAME 148

Perpetual Check

g3, N6 g1 P2

Whi movs ad wis

8 -

7 _ -6 4 -5 - 4 - 3 - 2

�

�

a d f g h

Is Whit's oson holss? ack vgs on maki g a nwQun and nhr Whi's ig or igh aas powrdo so it ut ar 1 . Nf4 no 1 Nd4 1/Q 2 N3 h1 andlack wins f/Q 2 Nh3 + Kh 3. Nf2 + Kh 4. N h 3 + , thonly way lack can nd h incssan chc king i s o oss away

his lady This draws or oth sids ar lt wihou a shrd omatrial

1 Ng f/Q

2. Nh3+ Kh

3 . Nf2 + Kg

4 Nh3+ Kh

5 Nf2+ Kg

6. Nh3+

Draw



9 • PAD'S DGAM CRS

ENGAME 49

Knight Fork

h1 , N3 B b3, b2Whi mov and daw

8 - -

7 6 - 5 - 4 m BtB B 3 � 2 � B B 1 B B -�

a b c d e f g h

Whi could go vy wong hr lay ng 1 .Nd4 whn 1 . . c3 n u r h awn a omoon Th hor mov 1Nd + ! howvr, wn laudi, or 1 K 2 N4! hod .Atr 2 . bl/Q Whi ic o h nwly iarad Qunwih h ork 3. N a 3 + I h nigh canno occuy a quar in

th awn ah, a daw can il b achivd i h awn can baackd o that i i romo to a Qun, i can b won wih aork ing chck.

Nd + K

2. N4 bl/Q

3 Na3 + l

4 Nxbl Kxbl

Draw

ENGAME 50

P CS AD PAWS ACT • 95

b8 b6 B h4, N6Whi mov and win

The Board Edge

No mar how i' cut, h nugg win o Whi ar 1 b7 I nvaria ion A , lack nigh un ou o room a 1 Nd7+ 2 . K8 Nb6 + 3. Kd8 whn it can hi o a aquar o guard b8 and o h awn. Mov h whol cnon i l to h ri gh Whi ing on 8, Whi awn on c, lac

nigh on c6 , and lack could hn jum hi ni gh o a,conro l ing th Quning quar and drawing Thu nghawn rn roblm or nigh bcau oaion arricd nar h dg

A c

1 . b Nd + 1 b7 Nd5 1 b7 Ne4

2. K8 Nb6+ 2 Kc8 Ne7 + 2 Ka8

3. Kd8 3. Kd7

0 10 1 0



196 PAN DN S NDGAM CRS

ENGAME 5

etting the Barrier

8 6

5

W: h, Na3 B 4, a2Whit movs and draws

4

3 � -

; �

1

a c d e f g h

Wht's irt mov i a orcd 1 N to sto th awn romQunng. At c2 th night morovr construcs an mnbl barr on th di l to lack's ng. Movng lack's ingt d i gal and moving t to d3 or d5 runs into a orkngKngt-chc at b. So t i ng has to dtou r 43-2-d2 to

gt t t n gh t a l y. A t r . . . . 2. Kg6 3 K5Kd t Kngh mut rtrat to th cornr 4 Na Manwh ck Kng uus th nght Wt's ng nr thictur tadily . . . Kl Ke4 6. h nal 6 . . . 7 K i talmat as brought on by th barrrtablhd by t night n th irst mov. t s lowd lack'sKn u nug o that Wht' i ng could brng l or thKnght.

1 . N 3

6 Ke

3 K5 Kd

Na K

Ke4 b

6 7 K

Salmat


NGAME 52

Setting the Barrier 2

8

: h, Nd4 B 3 a2Whi movs and draws

�

4

•3 ;/�

1{

a c d e f g h

A lon nigh is a mr shadow lay against a Rookawn onth h rank. nds sol id h l rom its ng ls t w l nd int h c or n r. o on 1 . N c 2 + l a ck w ou d w n by . . . d2 2.Na1 c1 3. g6 b2 4 xa1, and th night gos down .h nght co uld rhas buy tm or i ing to gt back with

som ammuni t on h os i tion ng . Nb3 raiss a barrir toack' ing on th aroachabl squar d4 d3, d2 and 2han ks to th nig ht's dns iv chck a c1 lac k's ng nowmust attack ovr a longr rout to g rd o h dndingnight h xtra m ovs grant Whts i ng tim o arrv at c2to stamat l ack's ing atr t caturs th night at a1 .

A B

. Nb3 . Nb3 K

2 Kg6 Kd5 2 . Kg6 3 . K5 K4 3 K5 Kd

. Nal K3 . K

. b . Nal + b

6 d3 6. d3 7 K 7 K

talmat talmat



198 • PANDOLFINl'S NDGAME COURSE

ENDGAME 153

The Circuit

W Ka6, Ng4 B Kg3, Ph3

Whe moves ad daws

The mos diffcu pawn fr a Knight mee head o is the

Rookpawn he K i gh can do f A he paw has o ye

reached he 7th ra , ad B) he Kn gh ca coro a square i

he pah of the pawn t he Quee i g square (hough tha

square isef) he Kni gh would naturaly be sacrif ced o elimi

ae he dagerous paw : . Ne3 h2 2. Nf1 + Kg2 3. Nxh2 Ifisead B acks Kig g ives chase, ry ig o shoo away the

Kgh, he seed has jus eugh room o sep aroud he

quadran g4-e3fh2, kow as he circui.

. Kf 3

2 . Nfl Kf2

3 . Nh2 Kg2

4. Ng4 Kg3

Draw

PECS AND PAWNS N ACTON • 1 99

ENDGAME 154

Mate in the Corner

W: Kc2, Ne2 B: Ka , Pa3

Whe mves ad wis

Kg ad Kigh can ot mate a oe eemy Ki g. As a eam hey

are o suffc el y powerful Bu t gve Back a fa advanced

Rookpaw ad cofi e hm o tha cor er, and su dde y a

matg et reculaes Wh e's f s move, Ncl , salemaes

B lack 's K i g bu B ack ca s l m ove h s a paw n, . A

a2, however, he paw seals off he as escape square and 2Nb3 is mate.

. Nl a2

2 Nb3 mate

0)



00 • PANDN'S ENDGAE URSE

ENGAME 55W h2 Pa B d8 Wh mov and wi n

The Dangerous Rook-Pawn

Conainng a Rookawn advanc i a ral horn in h id ofh nigh. Th can manuvring room a h dg of hboard cra a canonz handica Hr h ngh cannoak u a oiion o wch o a quar in h awn ah.Ar . a6, l ac k on ho i . . . . K7 w h n 2 a x d raw o 2 . . . . nad Whi nd h a-awn homo Qun

a6 K7

2 a7 Nd6

a8/Q

0

ENGAME 56

PS AND PAWNS N AN • 0

W g3 g4 h2 B h Ph3Whi mov and win

Mate in wo Moves

An xra awn on h oard omim can hindr rahr hanhl lack own awn a h3 oruc hi ng whruon hg mad . N3 h 2 N Era lack awn rom hoard a h ar howvr and h i no ocd ma nordr o ma lack ing Wh i mu ra on on movalmaing and hn divr a maing chck on h nxmov u wih ou h a xa awn o giv ack a r mov hi amad on mov or h i mad whch wh woknigh aon canno ma

N3 h

2 N a

0




ENDGAME 15 7W: Kg4, Nd2, N B : Kg , P2

White moves and wi ns

Mate in Three Moves

8 - - - -

7- - - --

-

6

5 - 4 -®-

3 - -�

·

r - � ? iD

�,!, ' •;.,a b c d e f h

Black's pawn is imly bl ocked by the Knght at which i n turn

is guarded by the other horse at d2 White, in act, could play

o wn the pawn , but what a mistake : K3 Kh 2. Kx2

stalemate. It's much better to leave the pawn on the board

where it help s to im prison Black's King he right idea is . Kh3,

and ater 1 . . Khl , White orces mate in two moe moves with2 Ng3 Kgl 3 . Nf3.

Kh3 Khl

2 Ng3 + Kgl

3. Nf3 mate

(0)

PIECES AND PAWNS I N ACTON • 203

ENDGAME 158W: Kg6, Nd7, Nh2 B: Kg8, Ph3


Mate in Four Moves

8 - - -�-7

- -!

®-6

5 � -

4 - �

3 - - 1-

2 :_ �l,,:A

1

a b c d e f g h

Black's King is ambushed in the upper right-hand corner o the

board, pac ing back and orth between h8 and g8. To ni sh h im ,

White must enl ist the blockading Knght at h2 Once the h2-

Knight gallops in, however it rees Backs pawn to head o

promotion. White, course cannot win i he catues the

pawn or a staemate arrives one move before deiverng mateBut a simple calculation shows that White can ad to ignoe

the hawns movement lett ng it gain Queenship This gves

White just enough t ime to t ighten the net and mat Black ne

move ater the Queeni ng An atentive ol uon N g4

h2 2 Ngf6 + Kh8 3 NeS h/Q 4 N7 mate

1 . Ng4 h2

2 Nh6 + Kh8

3 . Nf6 hl/Q

4. Nf7 mate

(10)



C H A P R

1 2Mor ece plus aw

• Bshop and Pawn ndgames 159164

• Bhop and Pawn s Pawn ndgame 1 6516

• Knght and Pawn ndgames 169172

• Knght and Pawn s Pawn ndgames 173176

Ij



06 • PANDLNS ENDGAM CURS

NGAME 59W h5, h8 3 : 5Whi movs a ws

Critical Square

8

-

0z

7

.

6 -�-4 - 3 - m m - -

a b d e f g h

lack hras o aw y 1 4, o low y ca ur oWhis aw squashig Whis hos o makig a wQu Whou h aw Whi ca wi or a isho aig ar rsh i c ao ma a lo my ig lac kcoul' v lur io ma. Wh hor as o

k h aw whavr h cos Thus h xasho s sacr c e5, rvg lack rom aackig haw Whis ig is mowr o osi io o h cri icasquar g5 Th aw is h chao hom.

e5 Kxe5 6 Kh8

2 Kg5 Ke6 8 K7 Kh7

3 4 K7 9. Ke7 Kg6

4 K5 Ke7 1 0 . 7 K 5

5 Kg6 K 8Q

6 . 5 Kg8 10

PIECES AND PAWNS N ACTN • 07

NGAM 6W 4 c6, h2 g3Whi movs a raws

Misplaced Bishop

8 -

7 6 -� -

- - -4 - - 3 - .

m

- - "

-

a b d e f h

Whi is ow a isho a aw imm g hs os o S ch cao rmi h uh avac o h gaw his irsw movs ar orc K3 Kd5 2 Kg Ke4 3 . K h l

Amazgy Whs g is u s h righ so o rv hl isri g xrssio o acks orcs. Ay am y l ack o

y Wh accss o g2 s i salma or ca lacksacri c h s i sho ro iay or 3 K4 4. Kg gl 5 Kxgl s l s a raw

1 . K3 Kd5

2 Kg Ke4

3 . Khl K 4

Kg gl

5. Kxgl K3

6. Kl g+

Kgl Kg3

Sama



08 • PANDLNS NDGAME CURSE

ENGAME 6

Wrong Color Bishop

W: K Kg3 Be Ph3Whie oves ad draws

8 •

6 •

4 •

3 2 • • • 1 . ®

a b d e f g h

his is he ageold draw wih he Rookaw ad he wrogcolor Bisho. he achig B isho o e oeaes oy o darksqaes, alwas able o coro he l ghcolored Qeeigsqae h . Aer Kgl , akes o dieece how Black laysWhies Kig s assed o reachg he Qeeig sqare, ad

s ice h is is a so a corer sqare, ay ae o sqeeze h io rodces a saleae I he daga, Blacks Bishowere o d isead o eha is, i i were a igh-sqareBishoBack wold wi easiy or he Bsho cod hegard Whies iche a h .

Kgl h +

2 Khl K

Saeae

ENGAME 62

PECS AND PAWNS N ACN • 09

W Kg6 Be7 Ph6 Kg8Whie oves ad wis

Right Color Bishop

ve ho gh Whie has a Rook-aw , B lack's case is ho eessbecase Whies B isho corols he Qeeig sqae h8. Acall y, checkae is wo oves away . h7 + Kh8 2 6 mae

h7 + Kh8

2 6 mae0)



10 • PANDLNS ENDGAME CURSE

ENGAME 63W Kc8 Bb, Pa : Ka6Whie oves ad wi s

Critical Square 2

8 -®

7 -

6

-

�/

4

,,.�

3

1 - a b d e g h

Whies Bisho raversig dar sqares, erfors he valableco o bolserg he aaw B give ie, Black codlay 1 . . Ka7 ad h e 2 . Ka8, wedgig o he corehe Bisho he rs seless, s ice a8 is a l gh sqare o iis o he Bisho, who ca gard i . Whies Kig, hogh,

is we laced, so i ca rs lay o b8, hal i g Backs s ohe corer Afer . Kb Kb5 2 el acay, Whie cod lay2 Kb7 a oce, abadoi g his Bi ho b Qeei g he awsooer) Ka6 3 d a eo ove, forcig B lack o cear oKb5 Whie eels Blacks Kig ro a6 wh Kb7, occyighe aaws cri i cal sqare The ere fooa he sro s o

Kb Kb5

2 el Ka6

3 d Kb5

Kb7

0)

PCES AND PAWNS N ACN • 1

ENGAME 64W: K3 Be, Ph6 K7Whie oves ad wis

Critical-Square Fight

8 - -

7

6 w

4 - J3

-® - 1

a b d e g

Whies Bisho is he wrog coor for his haw doescorol he Qeeig sqare, ad Bacs Kg ha he ossibi iy o dig have a h8 B he Kig has ye reachedh8, hogh i hreaes o lay o g8 ad he h8 Wih hearadoical h7, roig o he haw ad eorariy

blockig is advace, Whie is abe o gard al aoaches ohe h8 corer Blacks as ge is 1 K6, ryig o seakbehd he haw by Kg e ove Whes 2. K4, however,s everyhig i order. Whies Kig gradaly oves odis ir i B lack's Ki g away ro h8 vea ly Whies Kighoes o occy g7, he haws ci ical sqare, eri ighe Bisho o ove away ad he haw o roceed olesed

h7 K6 6 . K6 Ke

2 . K4 Ke6 7 g K

3 . Kg5 K7 8. h7 Ke

K5 Ke7 9 . h/Q

5. Kg6 K8 1



1 • PANDL NS NDGAME CURSE

ENGAME 65

Miplaced Bihop

W Kc3 Pb : Kh Ba PcWhie oes ad draws

Whie's oly drawig chace s o aciae his baw beoreB l ac k c e e s i wi h . Bb3 So Whie ied iaey lays b4, hreaeig a iss i e o he Qeeig alae BecaseBlack's Kg is osde he sqare o he aw a (aiagary bo here eedig ro b o b8 o 8 o ) he

ca' ossibly oerake he wigooed b-aw o ach i i ie Ad Bla's Bi sho ca' be shaghaied o he l e iher ori is ied o roecig Back's oy aw. Back's oy oorc hoice is o c a re Whie's aw . xb3 e assa Bas we saw i dgae 60 his osiio cao be wo becase as Black's Kig ges close o his Bisho ad Paw hesaeaes Whie.

b4 xb3 Kb Kg

3. Kl K3

Kb Ke

5 . Kl Kd3

6 Kb Kd

7 Kal K3

Saleae

ENGAME 66

Cornered

PECES AND PAWNS N ACTN • 1 3

W K6 Be Ph6 : Kh8 Ph7Whie oes ad wis

Blak has isakely grabbed shele i he h8 core wherehis ow aw a h7 hes o brg doo Whe oss aisa ae . K7 O he reios oe whe Blac's Kigwas o g8 i s ho d h ae goe o 8 o h8 ha wol d h aeaoided he roble

K7 me

0



214 • PANDOLF Nl' S NDGAME COURSE

ENGAME 167W Kb Pa : Kc3 Bd Pa3Whie oves ad draws

Avoid the Corner

1

a b c d e f g h

Whie sads his grod wih 1 Kcl o 1 Ka becase o 1 Kc di scovered ae) Ay eo by Black o lrae case ss a le a e. F or ea e (a Kd3 Kbl Kd, o r (B

Be3 + . Kb Kd 3 Ka here his corer rerea is erecly sae) Kc.

1 Kcl Kd3

Kbl Kd

Saeae

P ECES AND PAWNS N ACTON • 25

ENGAME 168

Square of the Pawn

W K8 Pe6 Ka7 Be Pg6

Whie oves ad draws

To acheve a draw Whie s cood a aac o he gaw wih a hrea o Qee his eaw . Wha ss he woideas is he rerea aog he crii ca diagoa a7g Whieaches he eeced Ke7, blockig his eaw b wha hrea o ivade he sqare o he gaw here a ia

ary bo eedig ro g6 o g o b o b6 Back sadvace hs gaw . . . g5 Kd6 g 3 e7 b5 Now Kc5 reveals he rose o Whies Kig arch Aac he

Bisho gais W hie a via eo o cach wh he aw : . d7 5 . Kd4, ad Whies Kg has aivd whi hedesi red bo he Back Bsh o a d7 is ovead gard g he

g-awn and eding o rooio o Whies aw a e8 The

d raw is sa lva ge d by 5 . . Kb6 6 Ke4 c 7 K Kd6 8 e8/Q

xe8 9. Kxg4, whe Blacks g-aw keels over

. Ke7 g5 6. Ke4 Kc7

Kd6 g4 7 K4 Kd6

3 e7 b5 8. e8/Q xe8

. Kc5 d7 9 Kxg4

5 . Kd4 Kb6 Draw



2 6 • PANDLNS ENDGAM CURSE

ENGAME 69

Color Rule

W Ke : Kh d6 PhWhie oves ad draws

a b d e f g hWhie s kee Backs Kig i he coer. Backs Kigcoes o he wis easi ly Qeei g h is haw Whie sre lys ay h is Kig o he i e seal ig Black AerwardWhies Kig ca o y sh le back ad orh bewee ad where he Kigh igh ry o dve i away This he Kighd oe s aer . K or . . e iediaely gards adreves Whies Kg ro ovg there. Bt Whte hadsared . K2, he whaever Black ays he cao reve heeea acig o Whies Kg bewee ad A coorre i s he i sch a i stace. yo have the choice oovi g o a Bisho wo sqare or a Bis hooe sqa e o rahe Kig i he core ove yor Kig o he sae colorsqare as ha occied by he Kgh. Sice he Kigh sarso d6 a dark sqare Whies Kg shold go o aso a darksqare Had he Kigh isead beg o e6 a l igh sqaehe Whi es Ki g shod hav layed o a igh sqare ooha draws regardless

K2 Ne4 +

Kl Ng +

3 K2 Ne2

Kl N4

5. K2 Nd +

6 Kl Nel

7. K2 N

8. KlDaw

ENGAME 70

PCES AND PAWNS N ACN • 27

W Kc3 Kb7 b Pa3Whie oves ad draws

Force the Pawn to the 7th

a b d e f g h

Whie s igore he hagi g Knigh ad o lay 1 Kb?w he . . . . a Q ees. He i sead beas h is ae io o h ea- aw Kb his co els B lacks advace o his aw o he7h ra k . . . .a2, aer which he gae cao be wo orWhies Kin g ca secee isel i h e core r a a . Kb2

Kb6 3. K a l he o ly way o ry Whies Ki g ro he cor ers to ove the Knigh o gard a b he Kigh is coiedo he deese o he aaw. Ad Bl ac's Kig ca coe i j sso a wih hel or else is saeae. Black ca ever saeygard he a-aw o ee the K gh a d has o way o w .

Kb a2

. Kb2 Kb6

3 Kal Kb5

. Kb2 Ka45 Kal Ka

Saeae



18 • PANDLN 'S ENDGAME CURSE

ENGAME 7W Kh3 g Ph6 Kg6Whe oes ad ws

Avoiding Stalemate

8 7 -

.

6 �5

- 4 43 - - - -< 2 - - 1 - . �

a b d e f g h

For he oe Whe's Kgh s chaed o deese dygardg he aw o h6 By brg g h s Kg he board .Kh4 K7 Kg5 or Kh5) Whe roecs he aw ad releaseshe Kgh or ace relocao The Kgh s aeer o o o 6 a blde ha oe ses saeaes) o gard

h8 So he Kgh s o e5 ad he aer whch Whesoo aes.

A

Kh4 K7 Kh4 Kh7

Kg5 Kg8 . Kg5 Kh8

3. Kg6 Kh 3 Kg6 Kg8

Ne5 Kg8 Ne5 Kh8

5 h7 + Kh8 5 N7+ Kg8

6. N7 mae 6. h7+ K

0) h8Q+ Ke?

8. Qd8 + Ke6

9 Qd6 + mae

0)

ENGAME 72

PECS AND PAWNS N ACTN • 1 9

W Kb g Pa6 Ka8Whe oes ad ws

Whe's K g s oo ar away o sor h s aw so he K ghasses he as. qck ly ges back . Ne6 Ka? . Nc5

deedg he aw ro behd so he Kgh were caed he aaw cod o be cagh by Bac's K g sead Whe lays . c deed g he aw ro fro he

ro ec o d s s a e s a er . . Kb6 he Kgh he sayswhere s Blac k ca care ad s ge oer e o sohe aw. Shod he Kgh ee Back eas ly swalows he aaw Aer deedg he aw ro behd wh he KghWhes Kg oes o roec he aw add oa y reeghe Kgh o gad a8. Back s owerless o ed o eealae

. Ne6 Ka? 6. Kb5 Ka8 . a8Q + Kd7

. Nc5 Kb6 Kb6 Kb8 Qe8 + Kd6

3. Kb3 Ka? 8. Ne6 Ka8 3 Qe6 mae

Kb4 Kb6 9. N? + Kb8 ( 0)5 . Kc4 Ka? 0 a7 + Kc8



220 • PNDO NS EN DGE COURSE

EDAME 3

Cone Cul up

W Ke P B K3 Ne Ph3Whie moves ad daws

8 • •

7 • 6 • 5 • - 4 ·� • 3 • •®• t

�

-

�

�

,

�

�

a b c d e f g h

Thaks o e Rooaws Whie bilds a oess i he hcoe ha dees eerao Fo xamle K N Kg

Ke is saemae Bac's bes ry is o se a ra ha mighl e a c are l es s o o e Ng3 hoig or hg3,we . h maes a ew Qee by orce. B Whie migh

be oo shrewd o bie he Kigh ad e ca simly head ohe coe wih his Kig T e Rooaws are he real roblemad eve B ack om wig I a l l e ieces ad aws

were shied oe i le owad he Qeeside, i wold be adiee ic re The i becomes a easy wi , as we shal seei dgame 75

K1 Ng3

. Kg1 Ne +

3 Kh1

Draw

a

ENDGAME 4

PIECES ND PAWNS N CTON • 221

W Ke6 Ne7 Ph6 B Ke8 Ph7

Whe moves ad wis

King and Knight Duel

s ® .

• l • t6•©.

5•

4 • 3 • •

1 . a b c d e f g h

Black's Kig has o ye deared i o hi s cade a h8 or is i c ear how i ca, wih Whies K igh ordig ove g8 om e7

Bu White sti l l eeds some way o breach Backs osi io : Kd6 K7 Kd7 K8 3 . Ke6 Ke8 K6 K8, ad Whie has obee able o de Black's ro l ie s. he sacriical . Ng6! i s

he oraces aswer. Progress is swi ae . . . Kd8 . K7 orW h i e 's K i g e e e s A d af e . hxg6 he hawrumes orward o make a ew Qee.

1 Ng6 hxg6

. h K8

h8/Q mate

(1 0)



• PANDNS NDAM URS

NG 75

Culed up

W: Ke6 h, Pg6 : Kh8, Pg7Whie oves ad wis

Wih B ak Ki g h e ore Whe be wary o aeae ra h as 1 K7, leavig Black wih o ove. Thew ng dea o sohe Bacs Kg wh he Kgh N6

so ha he aw s a re he K ig h 1 . . gx6 heare ree Whi es g-aw o eace. Aer 2 K7, Blak

raed an d a ove o ly h aw Whie soo ae.

1 . N6 gx6

2. Kf7

3 g7 + Kh7

4 g8/Q Kh6

5 Qg6 mate

(10

NG 76

Outflakig

PS ND PANS N AN • 3

W K a8 Pb Kb7 P7Whe oves ad ws

a c d e f g h

Whies K igh o oe o is or wors sqares. I ca oveo j wo lae ro ay coner. Here he oor hooer acesare or noh g A sacrie or a aw 1 . c7 ai s o 1 .. . . Kc7, and Whe ges owhere. Oddly he Kgh realyshold be yielded b o or iedae aerial ga. Raher

1 . Nb6 es a w g o la ki g a er 1 . . .xb6 .Kd6 Blak b-aw he keel over by oce ad Whi e ha l s anew Qeen.

1 Nb6 cxb6

2. Kd6 Kb8

3. Kc6 Ka7

4 Kc7 Ka8

5 Kxb6 Kb8

6. Ka6 Ka8

7. b6 Kb8

8. b7 Kc7

9 Ka7 Kc6

0 . b8/Q

(10)



C E R

1 3Heavy Pieces

• Queen s Rook and Pawn Endgame 1

• Queen and Pawn s Rook End games 1 819and Pawn

• Queen and Pawn s Endgames 18018Queen



226 • PANDOFl'S ENDGAE OUSE

NDG 1 77W: Kd Re Pc : K3 QfWhie oves ad wi

Th Fortrss

8

7 - �

�

- -6�

5•

e

-

/

�

3

2 f B

-a b c e g h

Blak i si ae ae a d. If Whes Roo gard d fo dhe he Qee ae a . he defese . Re also loses afer . . Qd whe bo A . Kc Qg 3 Re Qx e ad

B . Ke Qg ae ae Whie eds he oi o as . Re3 +

C a r i g h e Ro ok w h h e Q e e . . . . Qxe3 i saleae

A d i f B a k s K i g ve r e fo rwa rd . . . Kb2, he Rookkee away di aser wih . Rb3 + Ka2 3 Rd3 whe Whe' caw ahor he ae erey a b3 or d3. Qee hekadd o ohig ad Black Kg rebked fo ariia

ig by hek ad off Bla ao fore a wi.

. Re3 + Kb2

. Rb3 + Ka2

3. Rd3

Draw

PEES AD PAWNS ATIO • 227

NDG 1 78W KeS Qf , PdS : Kd8 Rd Pc

Whie ove ad wi

Brakig Down th Fortrss 1

8

7

6

5

21

�

:,

m

,

�('

�

�

L

,:

.

�

s

-

-

-

. - -- �-

a b cd e g h

Whie Qee i worh ore ha Blak Rook b wh heRook roeced by he -aw Whie's Kig cao ake aerae ad hi aiace i oraly reqired o hreaeBlak eroly Perha oe ahey wold ay off. Whieho ld give he golde Qee for he baer Rook. Afer .

Q8 + Kd7 . Qxd6 + ! cxd6 + 3 K6 Blak i of aked adoe h i aw Wh e' aw i he e evaed o a Qee .

Q8 + Kd7

Qxd6 + cxd6 +

3 K6 Kd8

Ke6 Kc7

5 Ke Kc8

6. Kxd6 Kd8

7 Ke6 Ke8

8 d6 Kd8

9 d7 Kc

0 Ke7 Kc6

. d8/Q

0



8 • ADOLFl'S DGAM ORS

GME 179W: Kh, Qb, PgS B : Ke8, Rg6, Pf7

Whie move ad wi

Breaking Down the Fortress 2

�-

8�

7 & tB

·

5•

- -

-4 � :,�

3-

�

2 •

�

�

�

b c d e g h

Once gai he Bck Rook c off Whie Kig, b WheQuee recue with 1 Qe4 + , cofroi g lck wih wo og repoe He ca b l ock he check o he ef l e , . . . Re6

bu er Qe6 + xe6 3. Kh6 Whe Qee a aw a eatwo move ahead of Black. Or Black cold ecae oward he

Kigde, 1 Kf8, whe Qxg6 + xg6 + 3 Kxg6 eab i he Whte ki g o critcl qu re for he g-w, e urng vtoy whatever Blck decide o lay

B

1 . Q4 Kf8 . Qe4 + Re6

. Qg fg6 + 2 Qxe6 + xe6

3. Kg Kg8 3 Kh6 e5

4. K Kh8 4. g6 e4

. g6 Kg8 5. g7 Kf 7

6 g Kf 6 K7 e

7 K Kf6 7. g8Q +

8 g8Q

(1 ) (10

IS AD AW I ACTO 229

EGME 180W K , Qh3, Pf7 B Ka, Qf8Whie move ad wi

Lifting the Blockade 1

8

�

/,

7

�

f

6 - -5 - -

- -

-

B�-a c d e f g h

f give ime free from oog hecks, Whe wi i miar ia io by goa ig hi Qee o he 8h ak der roec

io of i paw ad breaig he Black Qee blockade Bhow doe Whie Qee ge o he 8h rak who lo igime or he paw, ow hreaeed by he Blak Qee? he

wi hi ge o check Afer . Q e6 + proecg he aw dreprig rafer o e8 B lck i doe f 1 . . . Kb2 he 2Qe8 Qb4 3. 8Q Qc4 + Qe2 + Qxe2 + 5 . Kxe2 leave

Whe wih he oly Qee A aleraive wi, hogh l ightlyloger, begi wih . Qg + folowed by . Qg8 Tha oeraio ao l if he blokade.

Qe6 +

Qe8

3 . f8Q

Qe2 +

Kxe2

Kb2

Qb4

Qc4 +

Qxe2 +

(0)



230 • PANDOFI Nl S ENDGAE ORSE

ENDGM 1 81W Ke , Qe Pe B : Ka, Qe8Whie oe ad wn

Liftig the Blockade 2

Blockade-breakng sar wh a chec. Afer Qd4 Kbl

Black Qeen i forced o by 2 Qe8 he Black Qee bdei doen hae a checad Whie ake a ewQee If Black Qee begis checki g Wh e wl l oo

rade Qee wh a croscheck (bock g a check ad givi g acheck wh he ae piece o he ae ove Shod Backoehow avoid he Qee rade, Whie wod ap and ae

Black' Kg ayway.

. Qd4 Kbl

2 Qd8

0)

NDGM 1 82

PIEES AD PAWS I ACIO • 231

W Ke Qg6 Pf B Kc8 Qe3Whie oe ad w

Cross-Check 1

a b c d e f g h

A key reorce o op eey Qeen check s o ge a croscheckblock a check wh a check Afe Qe6 Qxe6 + 2Kxe6 Black i h ep le o hal he f-pawn adace o becoe anew Qee.

. Qe6 + Qxe6 +

2 . Kxe6 Kc

3. f8/Q

(1- 0)



3 PANDNS NDGAM CRS

NG 8

Cross-Check 2

W Kg, Qg6, Pe : Ka , QdWhie oves ad wis

Back i ak ig h i defee o i i g Whie ' eaw, wh ichi iobilized ad hreaeed by Black' Qee. Whe Whiebeak he i Q7, Black s check, Qg3 + ( . . Qc3 i awered by he wi i g i 2 . Qf6) b afer 2 K8

B l ac k u re or o a d a go a l i . . Qa3 Whie eae

o of he i 3 . Kg8 ad eeks o ake a ew Qee . f Blackcoiue wih 3 . . . Q g 4 + , he oly rea isace oveWhie reod wih a iifyg crochek . Qg7 + forcig a rade of Quee ad ig a ed o Back dawigae.

Q7

2. K8

3. Kg8

. Qg7 +

Qg3 +

Qa3

Qg3 +

Qxg7 +

Kxg7

(0

ENGA 84

PCS AND PAWNS N ACN 33

W Kg8 Qa : Kb , Qe, Pb2Whie ove ad draws

Perpetual Check

7

2

a b c d e f g h

The defedg Qees alos agical weao is ereacheckhe abi i y o check he oosig Kg edes ly .Thogh ae cao be forced i h a er, erea checkreve he erior s ide fo roceedig wih h is la s H ievery ove ge hi o of check isead of deliverig

ae or aki g a ew Qee The be way o ward off ereal check ge eally is o ace yo r ow Qee o a ceralsqare, for ha edces he oog Qees aackig obi i ies. Here Black Qee is i he ceer, b s i l cao he icesa checkg of Whies Qee fo a o dad back, over ad over The gae s draw by he heefoldeei io e which es a aye o cai a daw if he iabo o eea he sae osi io fo he hi d ie

. Qdl Ka2

2. Qa4 + Kbl

3. Qdl + Ka2

. Qa4 + Kbl

Draw



C H R

1 4Heavy Pieces: Rooks

• ook and Pawn (th ank) Endgames 18-1 96s ook

• ook and Pawn (6th ank) Endgames 19-0s ook

• ook and Pawn (th or th En dgame 0-1ank) s ook

• ooks and Pawns Endgames 13-16



236 • PANDOLFIN l'S ENDGAME COURSE

NDGAM 185

Skewer 1

W: Kb3, Ra8, Pa B : Kf, Ra1

White moe ad wi

Yo wil l fd thi poito offers oly seve afe qares forBlack Kig. Five are ear the apawb7, c a6, b6, ad c6;the other two are g7 ad h. Other sq ae wol d ol y placeBlack Ki g i chec k to Whie advatage, or where it col d be

exploed acticaly. Sice the Black Kig is ot o a afe sqarehe pay throgh the oe: . Rh8 Rxa7 (otherwise the paw

Qee) 2. Rh Kg6 3. Rxa7 White skewe to BlacksKg ad Rook wi a Rook If i the iit ia posit io it wereBlack move, he wod play Kig to g, avoidig the skewerad drawig. White Rook o a8 wod sim py have o otlet.f White b rogh p hi Kig to eeae the Rook from defeseof the a-paw, B lack' Rook wold commece checkig.Where, the , wold White Kig g o to hide fom checksthe

moo?

. Rh8 Rxa7

2. Rh7 + Kg6

3 . Rxa7

(1 0)

PIECES AND PAWNS IN ACTON 237

ENDGAM 186

Hiding

W: Ka4, Rh8 B Kb2, Rh , Ph2

White move and wi

8 - - �1 m a a6 a m .5 � a 4 \ a a a3 B a ·

�

� �

m a m a b c d e f g h

White Kig m t eek helter from the g nfire hreat o 1 .. . . Ra1 + , f ol l owed b y 2 . . . . h1/Q. The oly place o hde i othe b-f i le , i the hadow of B lack K ig 1 . Kb4!. Sice BlackRook ha to protect hi paw, Black oy chace i o marchhi Ki g acro the board to uppot the paw, releaig theRoo . W hite K i g ha to m atch i t . . . .Kc2 2 . Kc4 Kd2 3 .

Kd4 Ke2 4. Ke4 Kf2 5. Kf4 Kg2. Oce Blac Rook ree tomove withot r kig paw lo, White mt c heck, 6. Rg8 +

Kh3 7 Rh8 + Kg2 8 . Rg8 , ad Black a goer. Si l , he tr ie8 . . . .Kf2 9. Rh8 Rfl b thi fail to 10. Rxh2 + Kgl + 1 1 .Kg3, whe White Kg rer o defed hi Rook. Note howthi caper wold have bee a ccefu oe if o White frmove he h ad eayed 1 . Kb5?, am i g that to draw t wol db e fficie t to hel ter hi K ig aywhere o the b-f i le . After .

Kb5 ? , B lac k tr i m ph with 1 . . . . Kc3! 2. Kc5 Kd3 3. Kd5Ke3 4. Ke5 Kf3 5. Kf Rf 6. Rxh2 Kg3 + , for Wh ite Rook

i lot.

. Kb4 Kc2 5. Kf4 Kg2 9 Rh8 Rfl

2. Kc4 Kd2 6. Rg8 + Kh 1 0 . Rh2 + Kgl 3. Kd4 Ke2 7. Rh8 + Kg2 1 1 . Kg3

4.

Ke4 Kf 2 8. Rg8 + Kf2 Draw



38 • AIS GA URS

NGAE 87W Kc, Ra8, Pa : Ke ReWhie oves and wns

Zugzwag

§

7

-

· ·

,

5

;:

4 \ 3 -

-

•

1 8 • a b c d e g h

Backs Rook erors dobe dygardig hs Kig fochecks on he e-fi e ad keeing he a-aw der aack,reveig Wh ies aw fro ovi g away. Wh . Kc5 Whiesrais Backs defese o he li, ugwag hi so hahowever he oves, hi s osi io d eerioaes. or exale : (A

. Rc7 2 Kb6 eables Whie o ove his Rook away,c e a i g h e r o o i o s q a r e ; o r ( B ) Ke6 Kb6

cases Blacks Kng o bock his Rook fo checkig along heran k; of (C . . . Ke4 Kd6, whic h if Backs Rook dears hee-fle gains Whies Rook ie o free he aw by checkg ae8 However Back coies, he s sefdesrc, which ishe cha of ugwag os os .

c

. Kc5 Rc7 . Kc5 Ke6 Kc5 Ke4

2 Kb6 . Kb6 . Kd6

(0) ( 0) 0)

S A AWS A 3

NG 88

hut I

W Kc3, Rg8 Kh Re PhWhie oves and draws

§

8

;

6 • • 5 4 • • • •�

•

:

2 • • 1 �a b c d e f g h

Whies Rook a g8 bocks he gfi le , i riso i g Blacks Kig ah . Back was o shoo Whes Rook by . . . Re , fol lowed by2 . . Rg Whies firs ove is herefore forced : Kd2, gading e Black, eawh ie aroaches he sae roble dfferey H is Rook ca shif o he a-fi e, he he s ra k he

o g B afer

R7, Whes Kg ca seed bac, 2. Ke2R 3 K2, so ha 3 . . . Rg is ieffeca Thogh WhiesRook s y e d he gf e , h s Kg s c ose eogh o sh Backs Ki g. Si es ow is . , o eve checi g ofWhes Kig off he fe Back ca check a g, . . Rg2 +

b his check dssolves afe 5. K Whies Kig cao bedi sodg ed ro boh f ad f , so Bac k's soveeig ca eveexi he co er

. Kd2 R7

. Ke2 R

3 K2 Rg

. R 8 Rg2 +

5 . K

Draw




ENDGAME 189

Driving Off

W Ka8 Rh8 Pa7 B Kd7,Rb1White moves and wins

8 �

•

�

�

1 & -� 6 - - s - a4 �3 - -2 - 1 · B

a b c d e f g h

Blacks King hasn reached c, so White has time to extricate

hs Kig rom the corer. First he takes the b-i le, 1. Rb8,

o rc i n g B l ac k s Ro o k off 1 . . Rl hen Whites monarchcomes out . Kb7 eady to ad his pawn to Queen. Black'sRo ok w hi p s o u t se ri al c h ec ks . . R bl + but these are

useless ater 3.Ka6 Ral + Kb6 Rbl +

K5 R +

6.Kd4

Rdl + 7. Ke3 Re + 8. Kd2 The cecks ended the a-pawncertain ly Queens.

1 . Rb8 R

. Kb7 Rb +

3. Ka6 Ra +

Kb6 Rbl +

. K5 R +

6. Kd4 Rd +

Ke3 Re +

8. Kd2

Draw

ENDGAME 190

PIECES AN D PAWNS I N ACTION • 241

W: Ka8 Rh8, Pa7 B: Kd6 Rb1


Back-Rank Escape

a b c d e f g h

White chaleges he b-fi e n an effor o excavate hs Kgfrom he corner . Rb8 Rl Kb7 Bu o w Backs Ki g at d6hinders the Whie K g rom escaping cecs ove he les a si n 2 . . .Rb1 + 3 Ka6 Ra Kb6 Rb , ad so o n. The

White K ing terefore uses to he bac a .

. . Rbl + 3 . K8 Rl + . Kd8 Afte . . Rhl oweverBack glowers mate at h8. Fo White to answer Ke8 would be

uti le because of the sewer . . . R8 6. Kf + , fol owed by 7 . . . . Rxa. But Whe ca ofer 5. R b6 + w . . .K5 is countered by 6. R 6 + . Now i Bac swal lows heook, Whie Queens wt chec So B ck s suck wit 6 . . . Kb5 w h e n 7 R8 Rh8 + 8 K7 Rh 7 + . Kb8 eaves himno adequate way o oppose he marc ig paw

1 Rb8 Rl

2 Kb7 Rbl +

3 . K8 Rl +

Kd8 Rh

. Rb6 + K5

6. R6 + Kb5

. Rc8 Rh8+

8 K7 Rh7 +

9 Kb8

(1 0)



4 ADS DGAM CURS

ENGAE 9W Kc8 Rd2 Pc7 Ke7 RcWite moves and wins

Escaping Along the File

© I 7

' \

/ %6

5 4 . 3 - . - � - 2

-

-

,

a b c d e f g h

Wites pawn is on e l ittle squae awa om Queendom but sKi n needs to step ea safe Te side exit is b loced bacs Kn but a efside side step mit wo A Queensidewal fo Wite oweve m un im nto baan cec safte Kb7 Rb + 2 Kc6 Rc Kb6 Rb + Ka5 Ra + ,

and so on focin te Kin bac to c8 ts total sensible foWie's Roo to usup e bfi le Rb2 lac as notinbette tan a tempoizin Rc3 and en Wite mpements is winni n p an 2 Kb7 Kd7 8Q R8 . Rd2

Ke6 5. Kx8 emein wi an exta Roo

Rb2 R3

2 Kb7 Kd7

. 8Q Rx8

Rd2 Ke6

5 . Kx8

(0

CS AD AWS ACT 43

ENGAE 92W Kc8 Rd2 Pc7 Ke7 RbWite moves and wins

Breaking the Cut-o

� 7

�

\

1

�

wJ6 • • 5

4 • 3 •

•:' "% 2

•

a b c d e f g h

lacs Roo o lds te bfi le peventn escape o Wites Kinto te Queenside Wite can dive off lacs Roo oweveus in te a le as a conduit Ra2 Rb3 wati n fo Wie to dosometn 2. Ra Rbl . Rb. lacs Roo can do no lestan ve wa Wite's Kn moves off te pomotion squae

and lac as to sacf ice is Roo fo Wites pawn . Rl . Kb8 Kd 5. 8/Q and te doubecec poves

decisive. Anote win nin idea fom te in itial positon s : Ra2 Rb 2 Ra8 Rb . Rb8 Rc Kb Rb 5 Ka6Ra + 6. Kb5 Rb + Ka Ra + 8 Kb Rb + Kc2 andl acs ecin das ae ove

. Ra2 Rb3

2 Ra7 Rbl

Rb7 R

. Kb8 Kd7

5 8Q

0i

I

i ' l

,



44 PANDOLFINl'S ENDGAME COURSE

ENDGAME 193

The Bridge

W: Kb8, Rc1 , b7 B: Kd7, Ra2White moves and wins

Wth a Knight-pawn on the 7th ran, White lacs a maneuvera

ble challenge to Blac's Roo on the Rookfe. So he goes towor against t he B l ac K ing, 1 R d2 + . Blac bacs off, 1 .. Ke7, s ince a lt er natives ae wor se : A) 1 . Kc6 2. Kc8, andhe pawn Queens; or B . Ke6 2 Kc8 Rc + 3 Kd8

Rb1 4. Rd7, and White threatens 5 Kc8, 6 Rc7, and 7. b8/Q.White continues in the main ne isted below) with 2. Rd4,

beginning the process cal led bulding a bridge Afte Blactempos with 2 Ra2, Whites King emerges 3 Kc7 Rc2 + .Kb6 Rb2 + 5 . Ka6 (also good is 5 Kc6 Further Blac Rooc he c s a re u se e ss , or 5 . . . Ra2 is met by 6 Kb5 Rb2 +

Rb4 revealn g that Whies seco nd move was payed to create ablock aganst Roo cecs on the bfi e Afe 5 Ka6, Whitemeans to transfer h is Roo to the 5h ran, then over to the bfi le to proect his King from checs Bac closes n with his

King, 5 Ke6, but White sti l wins with 6 Ra4, safeguardinghis King rom checs along he af e. Blac oses his Roo forthe pawn after 6 . .Kd6 7 Ka7 Kc7 8 b8/Q + Rxb8 9

Rc4 + Kd6 1 0 Kxb8

1 Rd2 + Ke7

2 Rd4 Ra2

3. Kc7

4 Kb6

Rc2 +

Rb2+

5 . Ka6

6 Ra4

Ke6

Kd6

. Ka7 Kc7

8. b8/Q + Rxb8

9 Rc4 +

10 Kxb8

10)

Kd6

ENDGAME 194

PIECES AND PAWNS N ACTION • 245

W Ke8 Rf1 Pe B Kg Rb8

Wite moves and wins

Preventing the Checking Distance

© B

.

•

�

�

L

6 •5 •4 • •3 • • 2 • -1 • -8-

a b c d e f g h

Bac tr ies to draw by atacing Whtes King fom he flakThs val d defense might succeed f Blacks Rook were one learher ef of Whe's pawn. As i s the Rook is too cose nd

Whte gans a v tal tempo, turning the game in his favo 1 Kd7

Rb7 + 2 Kd8 Rb8 + 3. Kc7 Ra8 When a Rook is a enoug

from the pawn it is attacing (at leas thee fes mus l e eween Roo and pawn to be effective), i has "checking dis

tance Blacks Roo ha s just goen te checkn g ds nc 8when three fi leshe b, c-, and d esdide rom hpawn But it is White's move, and he can pee Back omcapita izing on it with 4 Ral ! I Black akes he Rook Wiew l l Queen, so he insead loses y 4 .Re8 5 Kd7 K7 6Rfl + Kg7 7 Ke8

1 . Kd7 Rb7+

2. Kd8 Rb8 +

3. Kc7 Ra8

4 Ral Re8

5 Kd7 Kf7

6 Rfl + Kg7

7. Kxe8

10)



246 • ADOLIl'S DGAM COURS

ENDGAME 195

Flank A ttack 1

W: K2 Ra7 B: Ke Rf8 e2Wte moves and wns

a b c d e f g h

Wtes flan attac succeeds ee because te tee emtfiles between te Roo and lacs awn ive Wites Roo tevital cecin dstance 1 Ra + Kd2 2 Ra2 + Kd3 . Ra3+

Kd4, enabl n Rook to toment lacks Kin Wite now mustcec fom a4 since ul l in is Roo bac o te fist an

Ra1 loses to 4 . . . . Ra8! 5 Rb1 Kd 6 Kf2 Rf8 + 7 K2Kd2

8 Rb2 + Kd1 Rb1 + Kc2 10 Ra1 Ra8 ! and lac

wns as did W ite n te evious endame. ut . Ra4 ol dso . Kd5 5 Ra1 Ra8 6. Re1 Re8 Kf2 ic s off te e

aw n . A d aw a ls o e ns ue s aft e . . Kc3 5 . Ra3 + Kb2 6Re3, aain snan te awn

1 Ral Kd2

2 Ra2 Kd3

3. Ra3 + Kd4

Ra4 + Kc3

5 Ra3 Kb2

6 Re3

Daw

ENDGAME 196

ICS AD AWS I ACTIO • 247

W: Ke8 Rf1 Pe B K8 Ra8

Wite moves and wins

Bad King' Position8 m®�

�,

6

5 4 3 2 E (

a b c d e f g h

lacs Roo as te oe cecin distance to sustai asuccessful lan attac but i s Kins osiion on 8 is a soil eWte wns wt ete of two meods One s o la i s Kinto te Queen s de 1 . Kd7 Ra7 + 2 Kd6 R6 3. KcS t s s os s bl e beca us e . . Re6 u ns nto Rf8 ) Ra8 . Kc6 Kg7

too late 5. Ral ! eventn ac fom uti l in ceckin

distance to attac t e f lan) Rb8 6. Kc7 Re8 Kd7 K7 8.

R + Kg7 . Kxe8, winnn a Roo In te oe aoacWtes K n c c es aound to t e K ins ide 1 . Kd7 R7 2

Ke6 R6 + KeS RaS + . K6 R6 + 5 Kg RaS 6 Kg6

Ra6 + 7 R6! Ra8 8 Rd6 Re8 Rd8 Rxd8 10 exd8Q mate

A B

1 Kd7 Ra7 1 Kd7 R7

2 Kd6 R6 + 2 . Ke6 R6

. KcS Ra8 3. KeS R +

. Kc6 Kg7 . K6 Ra6

5. Ra Rb8 5 KgS Rs +

6 Kc7 Re8 6 Kg6 Ra6 +

7 Kd7 K 7 . R6 Ra8

8. R Kg7 8 Rd6 Re8

. Kxe8 Rd8 Rxd8 10)

1 0 exd8/Q mte

10)



48 AOLS DGAM CURS

ENGAME 97W K Rb K Ra2 Wite moves and daws

Passive Defense Draws 1

A mate teate ns Wite . R a ) oc n i s R oo to apass ive posit ion . Rbl dfendin s s an ut as lacas a Knitpawn and no maneuveabil it on te it of tepawn t e passve stance of Wites Roo sufficient ol ds teame lac cannot effective l teaten so Wite mee

icacs is Roo alon te st an lacs best s Rg2 opn fo Wte to bund e wt 2 Kf Ten l acea l l a s s o me t i n aft e 2 . K 2 p e pa n . . . Rf2 + . . Rf8 and 5 . . 2 u t af e . Rg2 Wite s K inoes to te cone 2. Kl , and ac ets nowee wt 2 .R2 . Kgl Ra2 R ote tat if lac answes Kgl

wit . . 2 Wte snaps i s Roo b Rb .

Rbl Rg2

2 K Rh2 +

Kgl Ra2

Rl

Daw

ENGAME 98

CS AO AWS AC 9

W Kb6 Rb Pc6 Ka8 R8Wite moves and wns

Passive Defense Loses

8 �- -

·

-

1_ § -

s : m

5 ,

4 • 3 2

•a b e f g h

lac's Roo defends passivel on te fist an "Passive defense means tat te Roos soe function is to pvent amatin cec alon te bac an Counteattac s out of tequestion. assive defense wos if te advancin enem footman is a Roo-pawn o a Knitpawn ut passive defense fails

aainst a isoppawn o a cente-pawn Wite's Roo cansuffcentl maneuve n t e latte two cases to opeate on tenaow sde of te pawn wee fewe files sepaate te pawnfom te ede) to win Afte Ra7 Kb8 2 7 K8 WtesRoo dops to te bac ow and sewes te enem Kn andRoo wnnn te Roo beind te Kin Ra8 Kd7 Rxg8 complete stomps lac.

Ra7 Kb8

2 7+ K8

Ra8+ Kd7

. Rxg8



250 • PANDOLIN S NDGAM COURS

ENDGAE 199

Stalemate Trick

W Ke1 Rc2 B Ke R PdWte moves and daws

8 • -

7 • - • 6 • 5 - 4 • 3 . B t i 2 .§ •

�

�

a b c d e f g h

lac as two teats 1 . R 1 mate and 1 . dxc2). otcan be met b 1 R e2 s nc e 1 d xe 2 s st a le ma te I facs Kn witdaws Kd4, ten 2 Re8 pepaes a

ound of cec s fom t e ea 2 . . . Rh + Kd2 Rh2 + 4Kd Kc3 5. Rc8 + Kd4 6 Rd8 + Ke4 7 Re8+ K4 8 . Rd8,

and lac must an on a daw Wen te defendn Kinee W ite stands in font of an enem pawn advanced to its6t an te attacn Kin ee ac wont find sete

fom Roo cecs fom te ea becau se tee is no oom in

font of te pawn. No does it el p to bui ld a potectve bidebinn te lac Roo bac to boc cecs fo afte teexcane of Roos te Kn and pawn en dame s also dawn .

1 . Re2 + Kd4

2. Re8 Rnl +

. Kd2 Rh2 +

4 Kdl Kc3

5. Rc8 + Kd4

6 Rd8+ Ke4

7. Re8 + K 4

8. Rd8

Daw

ICS AND AWNS I N ACTION • 251

ENDGAE 200W: K4 R1 P6 B: Ke Rf8Wte moves and win s

Maintaining the Barrier

a • • l B7 • � •6 • • : 5 • •

R • •<• 3 •

2

1 • · § -a b c d e f g h

lacs Kin is cut off fom te Queenn f e and teebunable to occup a squae in te enem pawns pat. ut f i sRoo contests te ffe Wtes Roo mit move awa oRoos be excaned al lowin Ki n passae to t e le oeampl e bot A) 1 Re1 Kf6 2 Rf + K as well as ) 1

,_ Rxf8 Kxf8 2 K5 K7 ae dawn endam es. Wite foes a win oweve b maintainin is f-fi le ip: 1 R so tat 1 . Rxf5 2 Kxf5 Ke8 Ke6 Kf8 4 Kf6 K8 lead s to t e vcto ous squ eeze of 7 K7 6 Kf7. lac faes no bette b

answe in 1 . R wt 1 . . R6, fo 2. Kg foces lac to eactunavoabl Ate 2 . Ra6, Wte wins wit . g7 Ral 4.Kg6 not 4 8/Q? because of 4 . R1 + p l fe in te newQueen Rgl + 5 Kh7 Rh + 6 Kg8 Rh2 . R4, wcbins Wite to a posit ion in wic e can bui d a bde as nEndame 9

1 R R6

2 Kg Ra6

g7 Ra

4 Kg6 Rg +

5 Kh7 Rhl +

6 Kg8 R2

7 R4

10)



252 • PDOLlS EDGME COURS

GM 201

flank Attack 2

W: K Re8 B: Ke2 Re PeWhie moves and daws

G ive n ju st on e m ove . . Ra) Bac wil l unane his iecel ineu on the e-fi e. Wte mus ske uckl wi the best an attack . Ra8! movn e Rook to the fle fathest fomthe awn to mantain its ceckin dstance. Black eas tob o ck ch ec s b . . . Rd afte wc ma folow 2. Ra2 +

Rd2 fo 2 . . . Ke cul l s te stabi l z n . Kf. Now Whitessml est defense s . Ra o ee Backs Kin off te st an.

Wai ti m ove s s u ch as . . . . Rb2 . . . . Rc2 o . . . Rdcan be answeed b a wan move fo White 4. K. Thee'sno ob l em with . . . K d fo Whe ets a on the

Q u ee n i n sq u a e b 4 Kf B l ac t es . . . . Rdl 4. Ra2 +

Kd3 5 . Ra3 Ke4 6. Ra4 Rd4 An exchane of Rooks 7.Rxd4 Kxd4 woud ield winn in Kn and awn endame foBlack afte 8. Kf Kd 9 Ke e2 Bu t Wite evades the exchane wih . Ra8 . Ra s also ood) and whethe Backlas . . . . Rd2 o . . . . Kd3 Whte daws easil wth 8.Kl akin conto of he Queenn squae.

Ra8 Rdl

2. R2 + Rd2

Rl Rd

4. Ra2 + Kd3

5 Ra3 + Ke4

6. Ra4 Rd4

. Ra8 Kd3

8. K

Daw

GM 202

ICS D WS I CTIO 25

W Kd7 Rd8 Pd6 B: Kf RaWite moves and wins

The Short-Side Problem

a b c d e f g h

A basc fo a successful flank attack s that thee emt fles oanks as the case ma be seaate the checki n Rook fom theadvese awn. Thus the Rook can maintain its checkn distance when attackn the ival Kin. The Rook and Kin mustwok as a team. The Kin sh ould stand on te sot s de of te

awn to ive the Rook maxi mum oom on the lon s de of teawn fo checkn d istance n t s ostion that teamwo sblaantl ackin and the Rook checin on he shot sdeq u i c k l c om e s to ef : 1 . Rc8 Ra7 2 . Kc6 R6 + f 2 .. . . Ke6 then Re8 + an d 4. d7) . Kc7 Ra7 4. Kb6 andthe checs un out . Wh te was it u af e 4 . . . . Rd7 5 . Kc6

Ra7 6. Rc7 + Rxc7 7. dxc7 makn a new Queen next move.

. Rc8 Ra7 +

2. Kc6 Ra6

3. Kc7 Ra7

4. Kb6 Rd7

5 . Kc6 Ra7

6 Rc7 + Rxc7

7. dxc7

(0)



• ANDLNS NDGAM CURS

ENGAE 203W Kc5 Ra8 a6 : Kg RaWhe move and win

Pawn Shelter

§

•

•

1 B •

-

s • 5 • 4 3 . 2 • 1

a b c d e f g h

White atutel ha avoided uing awn to the ank othat h King could ete in font of he awn at a7 againtcheck fom B ack' Rook. Wit K6 White Ki ng te n touot the awn alo eleang h Rook fo acton Backf o ci b l ta ke ove t e b fi l e . R jamming te K ng nat a7 B lac k e a l l ha no a lte nat iv e fo boh . . .Kf7 tngt o b in g h i K n g c lo e an d Rf attemtng a fankattack give Whte tim to acivate h i Roo 2 Rc8. Afte 2 Ka7

K7 Whte contet the bfi le R8 Ral Now White can winin eveal wa An afe Rook move down the bfile i acetable but the thematc coninuation i 4 K7 R + 5 Ka8

Ral 6. a7 Ke7 7 . K7 Rl + 8 Kc6 when Black Rookcheck oon teminate and the aawn Queen

1 . K6 R 6. a7 Ke7

2 Ka7 K7 7 K7 Rl . R8 Ral 8 Kc6

4. K7 Rl + 0)5 Ka8 Ral

ENGAE 204

Flank Attack

7

4

2

m

CS AND AWNS N ACTN • 2

W Kb2 R8 Kc6 Rh PWhite move and daw

a b c d e f White King i a well laced a it can be and in fact cannotta fom b2 Kc2 Kd5 2. Kd2 2 Ke2 a 4 Rh2Ra2 ol lowed b . . . Rh2 Whte Rook howeve canaccom ih l ttle on the fi le a ong a Blac King ha efugeat h2 He need a flank attac o Wi get going with .Rc8 + Kd5 2 . Rc3 keeing te awn i n mi nd aong te d an k B l a c k g et n ow he e w it h 2 . 2 R King haot hi hete and 2 . Rh2 Kb ign ife zeo But atleat h 2 Kd4 th eate n . Rb and woud e l imi nateWhite Rook. So . R3 Ke4 4 Rg3 K 5 R3 Kg4 folownatual l . Wth te awn now oteced b Bac k ngWhite mut check 6 Rc4 + Kg3 Rc3 + Kh2 8 . Rc2+

Kgl 9 Rc + Kg2 0 Rc2 + K3 Rc3 + Ke4 2 Rc4+

Kd5 Afte Rc3 howeve Black bac at te tating ot.t a daw.

1 . Rc8+ Kd5 6 Rc4 + Kg3 Rc3+ Ke42 . Rc3 Kd4 7 Rc3+ Kh2 2 Rc4 + Kd5 Rf3 Ke4 8 Rc2+ Kgl Rc3. Rg3 K4 9 Rc Kg2 Daw5 . Rc3 Kg4 0. Rc2+ Kf 3



56 • PANOLFINl'S ENDGAM CURS

ENDGAME 205

Philidor' Draw

W Kf1 Rd4 B Kg4 Ra2, Pf4White moves and d raws

a c d e f g h

Whtes King on the Queening square could be driven offespeciay now that Blacks King and pawn have crossed intoWhites half of the board Te best way to keep Black's King atbay is fo White's Roo to stand guard along the 3rd rank, .Rd3. S h ou l d B ac k t em po ri ze , 1 . . Rb2, White also emporizes by sh ift ing h is Rook to any safe square on the 3rd rank,such as 2 Ra3 Eventually to progress, Black must try 2 3

threateni ng advance to his Kin g to g3 Once the pawn occup iesits 6th rank, it can no longe r provide shelter in front for its Kin g.

The Rook thereore warpd rives to the 8th rank , 3 Ra8 menacing checks f B lack then cont in ues 3 . Kg3 the game ends ina noprogress draw: 4. Rg8 + K4 5 R8 + Ke4 6 Re8

Kd4 7. Rf8

1 Rd3 Rb2

2 Ra3 f 3

3 Ra8 Kg3

4. Rg8+ K4

5 . R8 + Ke4

6 Re8 + Kd4

7. R8

(0)

PICS ANO PAWNS IN ACTIN • 257

ENGAM 206W: Kg1 , g8 B: Kh4, Ra3 Pg4Whie moves and draws

Passive Defense Draws 2

8

2

1

a b c d e f g h

hilidors drawing position is beyond White because Black'sRook guards the 3rd ran kthe p lace Whites Rook need s to be.Mea nwhi l e B l a ck t hreatens a ser ious inr oa d wit h 1 Kg3and 2 . Ra1 mat e If Wh te p l ays 1 . Kg2 o s to p 1 . Kg3,

Black forges ahead wth 1 Ra2 + a nd 2 . . . Kg3. Whites

on ly chance is to reca l l h i s Rook 1 . Rb8, so that 1 . . . Kg3 may

be answered by 2. Rb , covering against a mating chec alongthe back rank. True Whites Rook is passively posit oned only

capable of movng along the edge, but against a Knightpawn

(o a Rook-pawn ) B lack cann ot take advantage of White s pas

s v ty Even f B a ck r egro ups 2 . K3 3. Rl g3 4 Rbl heannot generate seious threats. But Black now plays 4 .

Ra2 shft ing hs Rook from the 3rd rank to the nd. Whitetempos 5 . R and the seq u en ce co nt in u es 5 . . . Rg2 + 6Kh ( not 6. K 1 b e ca us e of 6 . . . Kh2) R2+ 7.Kgl and noprogress s possible .

Rb8 Kg3

Rb Kh3

3. Rl g3

4 Rbl Rg2 +

5 . Kl R2+

6. Kgl

Draw



258 • ANDOLIN l'S N DGAME COURS

ENDGAME 207W: Kb5 Rh6 c5 8: Kc8 Rg8Whte move and wn

Passive Defense Loses 2

a c d e f g h

Paive defene fail againt a Bihoppawn o Centepawn).Black Rook on g8 offe eitance onl on the gt of Whitepawn no on he e o Whe nche ahead b . Kb6 Kb8 26 I f Blac k t e 2 . . Ka8 . R7 Rb8 + White quahec o u n te p a b . R b i n e . . . . Rxb7 + 4. cxb7 + Kb8 5.

Kc6 i a wnne. S o B l ack t empo iz e 2 . . . .R8

.Rh7 Re8

But now White i ead fo te fina p u : 4 Rb7 K8 5. Ra7

Kb8 6 7 K8 7. Ra8 Kd7 8 Rxe8 Kxe8 Rook havebeen exchanged and Black' King i diven fom the Queenngquae. White fnhe with 9 Kb7 Kd7 0 . 8 /Q, and pawnbecome a Queen on te next move

. Kb6 Kb8 6 7 K8

2 6 R8 7. Ra8 Kd7

. Rh7 Re8 8 Rxe8 Kxe8

4. Rb7 K8 9 Kb7 Kd7

5. Ra7 Kb8 0 . 8Q

0)

ICS AND AWNS I N ACTION • 259

ENDGAME 208W Ka5 Rh7 Pb 8: Kb8 RbWhte move and n

Driving off the Promotion Square

7

2

a c d e f g h

Blac' Rook ha lngeed too long behnd White' a-pawn andafte Kb6, t too late to etu n to the 8th ank b .. . . Rc 2. Rh8 Rc8 becaue Whte Qu een wh . Rxc8 Kxc8 4. Ka7, aon g with 5. b6 6 b7 and 7. b8/Q. TheefoeB l ack mut vacat e t he Q ueening squa e . . . . K8 2. Rh8

Kd7. he on l wa to pepae the fu the advance of the b pawn . Rb8! Not . Ka6 Kc7! ). B lack can not pevent te advance, o he i e t o ke ep h i K n g cl o e b . . . . Rb2 4 K7

K7 5 b6 K6 6 . Rc8 KbS 7. b7 Ra2 8. Kb8 Kb6.

White move on with 9. R , th eaten ng 0. Kc8. He can meet9 . . . . Rb2 wth 0. Kc8 Ka7 then . Ra + and 2. b8/Q + Andafte 9 . . . . Rh2 tng fo a flank attac 0. Rb K6 o 0 . . Ka6 then . Ka8 and 2. b8/Q) White take he aile wth . Ra A t ea t th e fi n h l i n e i gh te d . . . . Rb2 2 . Ka8

Rxb7 . R Kb6, 4 . Rb Kc6 5 . Rxb7

1 . Kb6 Kc8 6. R8 KbS . Ra Rb2

2. R8 Kd7 7. b7 Ra2 2 . Ka8 Rxb7

. Rb8 Rb2 8. Kb8 Kb6 1 . R Kb6

4. Ka7 K7 9 . R R2 4. Rb1 K6

5 . b6 Kc6 1 0 . Rb Kc6 5 . Rxb7

0)



• D DGM CUR

ENDGAME 29W Kf , Rf8 Kf3 Ra2 Pf4Whte moves and daws

ing to the Short Side

4

//

� �

m

�

�

a b d e g h

When Whte annot set up Phil do's dawng postion (theRook oupin g the 3d an k peventing the enem Kng fomapproahn g the p rope plae fo the d efendng Rook again sta Bshop-pawn or a ente-pawn is behnd the pawn. heth reat of 1 . . . Ra1 mate annot be met b . Re8 as 1

. . Ra1 2. Re1 Re1 3 Ke1 allows the desve penetaton3 . Kg and Blaks pawn has esot to the Queenngsqure But b p lang h is King to the shot s de o the pawn 1 Kl ! W h te ke ep s a l ive 1 . . al + 2 . Kh2 l Blaks lastmove s the onl easble wa to pepae the advane o hs paw n 2 . . . Ke3 being answeed b 3 Kg2 Howeve, then eup o Blak p ees on the -fi le encou ages 3 a8 theatenng a lank attak. Blak an tr preventve measues wth 3.. .el to meet 4. Ra2 + b 4 . . . . Re2. But in that ase Whitesimpl etuns hs Rook to the -i le, 4 standng wathehnd the pawn he esult s a deadlok

1 . Kl al +

2 . Kh2 l

3 a8 el

4.

( 10

C D W CT •

NDGAME 2W Kb4 Rc , Pb Kd6, Rb8White moves and wns

Cut-OffNo Checking Distance

,

.

�

7

m

4

a b d e g h

Blaks King has been ut off fom the Queening f le and hisRook at b8 laks the equiste thee-ow checkng dstane.hese two featues al low Whites Ki ng to penetate qu kl andadv anc e h i s p aw n to the 7th ank : . Ka5 a8 + 2 Kb6

b8+ 3. Ka6 a8 + 4 Kb7 a2 5. b6 b2 6. Ka7 a2 + 7.

Kb Kd7 8 b7 a3. Afte . dl + Ke7 he bui lds a she lte ingbr idg e o h i s K ing 0 . d4 After the wa ng move, 0 .. . al the White King eas om n ont of his pawn, 1 1 . Kc7

l + 1 2 Kb6 bl + 1 3 Kc6 ( 3. Ka6 aso wins. ts pontless o B la k to ch e k a ga i n , 13 . . R b1 + , s inc e White s se t up tomeet 14 Kb Rb1 with the blockng 15 Rb4. And beauseWhite also theatens to tanse the bidge to the 5th ank 14Rd B la k tr ie s 1 3 . . Ke6 his theeb allows 14 e4 + K6

(o 14 . K7 15 . Re and 16. Rb 15 e8 suppot ing theQueeni ng th eat while pemttng White to esape Blaks Rookc hek v a the and d f le s 1 5 . . l + 6 Kd5 dl + 7Kc4 l + 1 8 . Kd3 dl + 1 9 Kc2 and f in i s .



6 • ANDNS NDGAME CURS

1 Ka5 a8+

2 . Kb6 b8 +

3. Ka6 a8 +

4. Kb7 a2

5 b6 b2

6. Ka7 a2+

Kb8 Kd7

8. b7 a3

9. dl + Ke7

10 d4 al1 Kc7 l +

1 2 Kb6 bl +

1 3 . Kc6 Ke6

14 e4+ K6

1 5 . e8 l +

1 Kd5 dl +

Kc4 l +

1 Kd3 dl +

1 9 . Kc2

1-0

CES ANO AWNS N ACTN • 63

ENDGAME 2

Breaking the Barrier

W Kd2 R Kf5 R e8 Pf4Whte oves and das

ts a sad busi ness hen you Kin g is cut of fo the Q eenin gfi l e as is White's hee An added touble is that hs Rook on f1laks the chekng distance to halt the Back King's advance.Whie just anages to contest the e- le 1 e , and the Rookehange by 1 . . . . Re 2. Ke4 enab les hi to da the

K ng -a nd - pa n e n di n g aft e 2 . . . . Kg4 3. Kf2 B lac s .. . Re4 doesnt help 2 Re4 Ke4 3. Ke2 s sti a da. WhenBlak 's R ook bak s off the f f le . . . .a8 White's Kng doesget bak to the Queening fi le 2 Ke2 a2 + . K3 a3 + 4.K2 hus positoned Whte an hold out ad nausea. If foeaple Blas King ties to penetate ith 4 . Kg4, thengl + dives hi ba to 5 . . .K5 afte hich 6. g8 setsup an endless hek o behind

. el a82 Ke2 a2+

3 K3 a3+

4 K2 Kg4

5 gl + K 5

6 g8

Da



64 • AN DN N DGAM CUR

ENDG 22

Two-e Cut-Off

21

a

W Kc3 Rd Pc4 : Kf6 Rc8hite move and win

a b c d e f g hhen hite' pawn i on the 4h Ran k B lac' Rook opeatebet on t home an hee empty an epaate Rook andpawn and the Roo can maintan it cheing ditane fhoweve too many fe cut off the defendng Kng fom thepawn even the Blak Roo' plend id pl acement cant gane a

daw. hee ae winnng foma fo a pawn on the 4th ankith a Rook-pawn the e nemy King mut be ut off by five f le a nght-pawn th ee fi le; and B ihop-pawn o a ente-pawntwo-fle h a Bihop-pawn on the 4th hite oetly demontae by 1 Rel utti ng off Bak Kn g by two fle Afte 1 Ks he work a loe a poible 2. Kb4 Rb8 + (Blakanno allow 3 Ka Rc8 4 Kb Rb8 + Ka6 Rc8 before enl tng h Rook o defend hi pawn 6 Rl S ne the 4- a dva n e i n e vi ta b l e B l a k t a i n h K ng n 6 . . Ke6

but too late 7. Kb7 Rs 8 Kb6 Rc8 9 c5 Kd7 (9 R b8 + 1 0 . K7 R b2 1 1 Rd1 a tandad w n fo a B ihop

C AND AWN N ACTN • 6

pawn on the th ank need ony a onefi l e utoff 10 . c6 +

Kd6 1 1 Rdl + Ke7 1 2 Kb7 Rh8 1 3 c7 and the -pawnhold up the vctory banne

Rel K

Rb8+

Rc8

Rb8+

2 Kb4

3 Ka

Kb4

6 7 89

Ka6 Rc8

Rl Ke6

Kb7 Rs

Kb6 Rc8

cs Kd7

10 c6 + Kd6

1 1 . Rdl Ke7

1 2 . Kb7 Rh8

3 c7(10



66 • PANDNS NDGAM CURS

ENGME 23

Active Defense

W Kc2, Rh3 Kg5 Rh , Pb4 Ph2White oves and daws

a b c d e f g h

Despite th two-pawn agin Ba cannot win if White defends coecy His Roo is i l l placed and if Whie eeps isown Rook on the hfi e, the h-pawn can go nowhee The b4pawn, oeove plays no sgnican oe. The ony theat is thes kewe 1 . Ra2 2 Rxh Ra Wi e contes easi ly wth

Kb2 I f Bl ack t es b3 hoping fo 2. Kxb3? Rb1 + and 3. . h/Q White ignoes the pawn and waits on te hf le with2 h8 To fee his Roo fo ovent, Backs King advances toguad te hpawn Bt af 2 Kg 3 h7 Kg3, Whitechec s hi away, 4. g7 + K2 an hen ens o the hf le, 5.h7 Black can ae no pogess i White contines this procedue.

Kb2 b3

2. h8 Kg

3 h7 Kg3

4 g7 + K2

5 h7

Daw

CS AND AWNS IN ACTN • 6

ENGME 2

Skewer

4

3

> " ,

�

•

W Kb2 Ra8, Pa7 Pf5 Kg7 Ra6hte oves and wins

a b c d e f g h

Unlke the pevous endgae, n whh Blak had a wothlessg-pawn, Whies f-pawn plays a ajo ole Afte 6 + Blachas a d lea. His Rook ant captue the pawn because thatwould gve Whte's Rook the needed tepo to ove clea ofa8. Nor an h s K ing tak e he f p aw n . Kxf6 fo hat

e p ose s B ac ks ow n he ad to a k l l i n g c he ck , Kxf6 2.Rf8 + a n d 3 a8/Q . An d 1 . . Kh7 loses o the s g ing fpawn2 . f7, Quee nin g to follow. Fin al ly blocai ng he pawn K7, sets up a wnn ng xay sew fo Whies Roo 2h8 xa7 3. h7 + Kx6 4 xa7

1 . 6 + K7

2 h8 xa7

3 h7+ Kx6

4. xa7

(



6 • ANNS NGAM CURS

NDGM 25W: Ka6 R6 Pb6 Pb5 Kb8 Rg8White m oves and wns

xchanging Down

a b c d e f g h

Havin g wo eta pawns i s ve n e Often ou an give p onein ode to eah a positon whe one eta pawn meansvto. his is the gi dane behin d White's fist move 1 b7

heat of mate at 8 stops Blaks Roo fom deseting the bakan k s o he e mp o iz es wi th 1 . . Rh8 White follows with 2

Rc8+ anwa foing s mpli f iation b 2 . . Rxc8 3 bxc8Q+xc8 Blak has eganed one of hi s ost pawns bt faes loss inhe esulng Kng-andpawn endgame. White oninues 4a7 and the b5 -p aw n an ' t be s top p e d f om Qe e n ing Whtes Kng onos a he squaes n fon o he b-pawnnluding the Queenng sqae b8.

1 . b7 Rh8

2 . Rc8+ Rx8

3. bxc8Q+ x8

4. a7

(

NDGM 26

Lasker's Pin

CS AN AWNS N ACTN • 69

W Ka8 Rh7 7 Ka5 R2 h2Whte pas and wns

a b c d e f g h

The poston appeas to be a standoff. Eah sde has a pawn onespeive 7th anks ead to Queen Both Rooks ae atakngthe enem's pawn while defendng the own. But Whe anwin thanks to an dea of Wold Champon Emanuel aske(18681941 he ke pee is Whites Kng suppoting its own

pawn eleasng the Rook fom its defensve hoe Blaks Kingmeel ges n Bak's wa White stas wth b7, theateninga new Que e n a 8 . hat foe s 1 . . . . Rb2+ 2 a7 Rc2 Nowbegns the aske maneve 3 R h5 + , pushing Blaks Kngbakwad 3 a4 The poess onnues 4 b7 Rb2 + 5 a6 Rc2 6 . Rh4 + a3. Blak's Kng has avoided the bfi lekeeping it lea fo his Rook to gve heks Afte 7 b6, Whtetheatens 8 . Rh2 Rh 9. 8/Q. Blak heks again 7 .. Rb2+ 8 a5! Rc2 Finall 9 . Rh3 + a2 dives Blak's Kngto the same ank as hi s Rook. Whte wn s b 1 Rxh2 ! , p nn ngB lak 's R ook to h i s K ing and e nsu ng a ne w Que e n 1 . Rxh2 1 1 . c8Q

1 b7 Rb2+

2 . a7 Rc2

3. Rh5 + a4

4 b7 Rb2+

5 a6 Rc2

6. Rh4 + a3

7 b6 Rb2+

8 a5! Rc2

9 . Rh3 + a2

1 . Rxh2 Rxh2

1 1 c8Q

(1



C

1 5Minor Pieces

• Bishop and Pawn (s) vs. Endgames 18B sho p

• Kn gh t an d Pawn vs Endg ames 930K n ght

• B sho p an d Pawn vs Endgames 3135Knght

• Kn gh t an d Pawn vs En dgames 3639B sho p



• ANDNS NDGAM CURS

ENDGAME 2

Stop the Block

W: Kf4 b7 B Kg1 I f1 I Ph2White oves and daws

7 - -

m 4

.

�

3

%

g

,:·

a b c f g h

A the oent ak aes no theat to Qeen h s pawn fo . hQ 2 xh Kx gves Kng vs Kng and shopdawn beause neithe plae has enogh ateia to hek at e l a ' s e a l h a g e s . g2 i nteepting the d agonal o White's ish op so that the pawn an Qeen un hi ndeed.

White intefees with . Kg3 w e n g2 fais t o 2 xg2la a t to def et White 's ishop 1 . . Ba6 fo 2 xa6alows lak to Quee n. ut a sip le safe ove along the a8hdagonal 2 Bd5 etains the daw As ong as White's Kngeains at g3 a an't blo the l ine and win

Kg3 Ba6

2. Bd5

Draw

ENDGAME 28

CS AND AWNS N ACTN •

W Kb8f5 P7 B: Kd6 a6White oves and wins

Deflecting Sacrifice

U/

7

L�A ,

r

',

B

�-

3 -

g

a b c e f g h

A lone s hop annot ate a one Kin g Whe theefoe stn ot p l a 1 8 Q b ea u se 1 . x8 2 x8 is an nwnnab lee nd ing Wh te shou ld one ntate on g e tt ing the e ne sh op of the a68 dagonal A 1 8 ha lenge won't do l a k s i sh o p u st e o at es : 1 d3 2. b f and White

s no ose to Queenng. ut a defletng saf e 1 . Bd3w ok s lak ust ae pt the sar f ie Bxd3 and Whiteakes his Qeen 2 he Qeenvsishop endgae san eas win fo White fo Whte's Qeen an Kng ove in todelve ate shotl

Bd3 Bxd3

2. /(0



7 • AN DN S NDGAM CURS

NDGME 29W K8 Bg3 Pb7 B 6 Ba7White oes and wns

Deflection

< •7�

f

• •

-

6 � •

• •

• • 3 •

;

• • . •

a d e f g h

his i s a s i p le de f letion White p a s 1 B2 and BasBis hop has nowhee to go It s ae Whtes Bish op 1 . Bx2 , and Wh ite gais a ew Qeen 2 b8Q. Mate ousuikl fo Whites piees an oe in on saes oppose inolo fo he B ishop

1 B2 Bx2

2 b8/Q

10)

CS AND AWNS N ACTN • 7

ENDGME 22

Push-Off

7631

<

W Ka8 Ba7 Pb7 B K6 Bh2White oves and win s

f

g

,.

� �

�

•

•

�:o • •

a b d e f g h

Whte's efent win stats wth 1 Bb8 jabbing Blak's Bishopoff the h2-b8 d iag ona l · e ehang e of B shops 1 Bb8 2 K b 8 h e l p s W h t e o at e 2 Kd7 3 Ka7 Whte pootesthe net ove When Blak's Bshop leaes the h2b8 diagonal1 . Bg , he annot eposition o stop White fo Queening

Whte eel baks out h s Bi shop sa 2 Bg3 and thee goesthe b-pawn to Queendo.

1 Bb8 Bg

2. Bg3

(1 0



76 ANDN NDGAM CUR

ENDGAME 22

Zugzwang 1

W Kb8 Bd7 P7 B: Kb6 Bb7White moves and wns

Whtes vctor weapon is found in the le book "he twopaes must move atenate in makng one move at a tme.Whte pas his f ist move Bb5 annoning uwn nwhh an move b Blac mee exaerbates hs weakenedsitation. Blak cannot stand pat fo the les sas he must

move. An Blak Bshop move on the a6c8 dagonal exposesthe Bi shop o apte and an Blac Bis hop move on the a8hdagonal lets the White pawn be Qeened An Blak Kingmove sa . Kxb, ngads Backs Bi shop exposng i t tocapt e b Wh ites King Once Bl acks Bis hop s gone WhteQeens his pawn and fl ings is hat in he ai

1 . Bb Kxb

2. Kxb7

(1-)

ENDGAME 222

C AN D PAWN N ACTN 277

W Kc8 Bd8 Pb7 B Kc6 Bh2White moves and wins

Centurini Position

8 -©g • -7 - f · • -6 � • 5 • 4 • • •3

- • • •2 • 1 m • • m

a b d e f

f White an manage to offe a Bishop tade on the b8hdagona Black mst then edeplo his Bishop to a7 o semQueenng. hen pacticall an White Bshop move no hea7-g diagonal def lects te Black Bishop at a7 and WhiteQueens his pawn. Eas enough b t ges hade ow ds

Whte hal lenge the Bla Bishop hding at h2? The wining ine be g ns w th Bh4 intend ing 2. Bf then Ba7 and 4 BbB lac k o nte s wi th . . . Kb6 Bf2 Ka6 pvenin . B7.Now comes an ace move B5 l ing Blacks Bishop o3 Bg3 Whites Bishop aims a c7 b 4 Be7 c omp e l ingBlacks K ng to etace h is steps 4 Kb5 5 Bd8 + K6 . Tposition s pactcal identcal to th diagam with one essental difeence: the Back Bishop s exposed a g athe hansafe at h2 Whte exploits thi s gai nn g a empo b attacking teBishop 6 . Bh4 Bh2 7 B2 Kb5 8 Ba7 Ka6 9 Bb8 his is he



8 • ANN NGAM CUR

stuaton White hoped fo at the otset Afte Back edeplos9 . . Bg 1 . Bg3 Ba7 he fa l l s to the de le c t on 1 1 B2

B2 1 2 b8/Q

1 Bh4 Kb6

2 B2 + Ka6

3. Bs Bg3

4. Be7 Kb6

5 . Bd8+ Kc6

6 Bh4 Bh2

7. B2 Kb

8 Ba7 Ka6

9 . Bb8 Bg

1 Bg3 Ba7

1 B2 B2

1 2 b8/Q

(1

ENDGME 223

PushOff 2

C AN AWN N ACTN • 9

W K B8 a6 B K Be3White oves and wins

White i ediatel pessues Bl acs Bi shop off he ag1 d agona l Ba7 If Bac exchanges Bisops Wie Qeens heapawn in seveal oves Afte 1 B4 White's Bi shop ceasout 2 . B2 ettng the pawn advance Blacks Bishop dops ac k 2 . Bb8 defending against the pawns ach he

Bshop of couse can' e capted wih oss of te pawnWhites deflection 3 Bg3 howeve enses Queening fo ispawn since if Black doesnt take Whites Bsop Wie akesBlac's (3 Be also wins In the concding posiion he defensive diagonal a8 containing on wo sqaes is ooshot f it wee longe Backs Bishop igt have anothe paceto ove whi le gu adi ng against the pawn's advance

1 Ba7 B4

2 B2 Bb8

Bg3 Bg3

4. a7

(



80 AS EGAME CURSE

ENGAME 224

Rear Defense

W Ke7 Bd1 B Kc3 Bd5 Pb4Whie moves and daws

a b c d e f g h

f Whe's Kng doesn' ge back in ime Back w cea a pahfo hs pawn o Queen. Black's Bshop would pla o e4 andhen c2 shoving aw Whe's Bishop. His pawn woud push ohe 7h an k and on he pacng of Whe's Bis hop a a2 wouds op he Que e n ng . B lac k ' s K ing s e p s on a3 and Wh e ' s

Bshop mus allow pomoion Tha's how Back wins n heabsence of Whe's Kng Bu if Whie's King hies back he canh o l d 1 . d6 Bb3 1 . . Be4 2 Kc5 Bc2 3 Bc2 Kc2 4. Kb4anni h aes an wnnng changes) 2. Bg4 b2 aempng asuaion whee Whe's Bshop has a shoe defensve diagona o wok w h ) 3 . c5 a3 4. b6 n o 4. Kb 5 fo 4 Ba4 + cle as he pawn's pah wh a gan of empo B7 5 Bdl Be8 h ea e n s W i e's B s o p b 6 . . . Ba4) 6. a5 andBack canno foce Whe's Bsh op o ield whou blo ck ng foone move he advance of he pawn : 6 . Bf 7 Bc2 Bb3bl ockng hs pawn) 8 Bf5 Ba4 9. Be6 Bc2 1 0. Bf7 Bb1 1 1 .

ECES A AWS ACT 81

Be6 Ba2 12 . Ba2 Ka2 13 . Kb4. If he defendi ng King can'occup a safe squae agains being checked in he pawn'sdeah an aack on he pawn fom beh ind could save he game

1 . d6 Bb32 . Bg4 b2

3 . Kc5 Ka3

4. b6 B7

5. Bdl Be86. Ka5

Daw




ENDGAM 225

Zugzwang 2

W: Kb6, BbS, PaS B: Kb4 Bc8White moves and wins

8 . J - -

7 - 6 m s r i m -4 � - -3 -2 a a a a1 B � a

a b c d e f g h

Black's Ki ng does attack the pawn from the rear b ut once againthe defensive diagonal a6c8 is too shot One more square isneeded for Back 's Bishop to meet tempo for tempo. After 1.Bc6 B a ck i s in zuzwn. Eiter his B ihop must depart thea6c8 diagona, a lowing te pawn advance, or his King must

· cease atack in g the pawn grant in g Whie a free safe move tobock Back's B ishop with his own B lack's best is 1 . . . . Kc4, butthat fails to 2. Bb7 Bg4 3. a6 and Whites waiting pawn isir repress ible .

1 . Bc6 Kc4

2 Bb7 Bg4

3 a6

(10)

ENDGAM 226

PIECES AND PAWNS IN ACTON • 28

W: Kf3 , Bf1 B: KdS, Bf6, Pd4, PeS

White moves and draws

Bishops of Opposite Colors

8

7

6

4

3

2

a b c d e f g h

Black has two conneced pawns and a dark-square Bishop.Whte has a l ight-square Bishop with no pawns, but he canhold the draw. He needs to set up a blockade on the lightsquares. Wh ies Kng and B shop cooperate to guard key i ghtsquares (d3 and e4). Black's King can fight for those squares,

but he canno coun on aid from his Bishop. It moves on darksquares, unabe to contro d3 or e4, or o check away White's

K ing . Afer 1 . Bd3, White can use the entire b1h7 diagona totempo whenever he needs to waste a move f Back ever

pushes hs epawn, Whites Bishop gobbes it with impunity,proteced by his Kng . And if Black's Ki ng tr es to wnd aroundo c3 to guard d3 White's king moves into e4 and his Bishoptempos aong the a6f1 diagonal. There are no winning oppor

tunit ies for Back.

. Bd3

Draw



284 • PANDNS ENDGAME CUSE

NG 227W Kc1 Bd B Ka4, B4, Pa3, Pb3Whi movs ad draws

Stopping the Avance

8

7

5 4

® 3 1 � - '/,,,

a c d e f g

Thr's mnac in Back's passd pwns hy'r conncdad bh li on h 6h rank If i wr Back's mov, h woudpay 1 . b2 + , whrupo Wh i would mov hs King osy ad Black woud mak a nw Qun. Bu Whi hashop bcaus Black has a ighsqua Bishop whil Whi's

Bshop ravs oly o dark squas Wh can st up a woim guard ovr b2a squar Back can guard ony onc. Aftr1 Bc3 Black can nvr advanc his bpawn, for Wh woudsacif ic his Bishop fo Black's wo pawns, 1 . .b2 + 2 Bb2ab2 3 Kb2 Black would ack ough maria o ma. IfBack isad advacs h is a-pawn 1 a2, Wht 's Kinghorns i 2 Kb2, an d progrss is mposs ib

1 . Bc3

Draw

ECS AND PAWNS N ACT 285

ENGAE 228

Outlanking

87

6

W Kb, Bc2, Pb6, Pc6 B Kc8, Bd6Whi movs and wins

•®• •• • •

:i

1

L

.\ • 4

•3 • n1 •

• •a b c d e f g h

Unlik h prvious ndgam, hr h aacking King Whi)can manuvr o ihr h lf or h righ of his pawns can position hmsf o proc h cpawn's advanc, from bor from d7 dpndng on whr Black's King gos aftr i isc h c k d, 1 . B 5 + . f Black's Kng hads oward h Kings id, 1 .

. . . Kd8, Whi s Ki ng ss up a b7 2 Ka6 B 3 Kb Bd6 4.c+ Bc7 5. bc7 + K7 6. c8/Q. If Blacks Kig answrs 1 .B5 + by gong Qunsd 1 . . . . Kb8 Whis King coms od7, folowd by a pawn pus h 2 Kc4 Bg3 3 Kd5 B4 4 Ke6

Kc8 4 . . . B3 5 . c7 + Kc8 6. Kd6 + ) 5 Ke7 Kb8 6. Kd7

Bg3 7 c7 + . Bsho ps of opposi colors ofn bu no always,poduc drawn ndgams.

1 . B5 + Kb

2. Kc4 Bg3

3 . Kd5 B4

4. Ke6 Kc

5. Ke7 + Kb

6. Kd7 Bg3

7. c7 +

1 0



286 • ANOLS NAM CORS

ENDGAME 229

Deflecion

7

3

2

W Kc7, Nb7, Pd7 B Ke7, Nf7Whte moves and wns

b c d e f g h

Knghts are u seful trck but have l mtatons, especa whenthe pa near the boards edge H ere al l four peces guard dand Back s w ng to sacrfce hs Knght for Whte's dpawn

when t advances Wnn ng s poss b l e on l b def l ect ngBacks Knght, 1 Nd6. kng Whtes Knght , 1 . . . Nxd6 loses

mmedael o 2 d8Q + . And f Black blocks the pawn, 1 .. . Nd8, Whte answers 2 Nf5 when B lack's K ng s constraned to desert the defense of hs Knght Whte's Kng takes

the Knght, moves off d, and the Whte pawn Queens

A B

1 Nd6 Nxd6 1 Nd6 Nd8

2 d8/Q + 2 Nf5 Ke6

(0) 3 Kxd8

(1 0)

ENDGAME 230

Reducion

CS A AWNS N ACTO • 287

W Ke2, Ng2 B Kc2, Nc4, Pd2Whte oves and daws

Black s about to Queen at d1 Whte cannot ankl e hs Kn gh toguard d1 , for f the Kn ght moves to e he s captured bBlack's Knght The game could be drawn, however, based onBack's nab t to expend hs pawn for Whte's kn ght Whteb e g n s 1 . Ne1 + and B l ac k c an t p la 1 . . .dxe1/Q + because

2 Kxe1 eaves no matng materal for ether s de WhateverB lack plas, Whte can counter A sample va aton : 1 .

. Kc1 2 Nd + Kc2 3 Nel + Kc 4 Nf now that Black

does not threaten to Queen for at east a move, Whte canattack Blacks pawn Kc2 5 . Nxd2 Though B ack wns heKnght, hs materal s too sparse to wn

1 Ne + Kc1

2. Nd Kc2

3. Ne1 + Kc

4. Nf Kc2

5 . Nxd2

Draw



288 • PANDOLFINl'S ENDGAM COURS

ENDGAM 231

Corralling 1

W: Kc, Ba8, Pd B: Ke7, Nd8

Wie moves and wins

a b c d e f g h

A Bisho can ru in a defendng K nighs day Afer 1. Bd5, Blackis n zuzwn. If he moves i s King h is Knigh goes down fornothing. If he moves s Knigh anywhere, Whe's Bshopcapures, and Wh te proclaims a new Queen on he nex move.Note how the Bsho from dS guards al he squares open o

he Kn igh : b7, c6, e6, and f7. The Bi shop s sad o "corra theknigh, and his corral l ing talen conrbues o s generalsuperi ory over a Kngh in he endgame.

1 . Bd5 Nf7

2. Bxf7 Kxf7

3. d8/Q

(1-0

ENDGAM 232

fncirclement

PICES AND PAWNS IN ACTION • 289

W: Kg3, Bf7, Pg6 B: K8, NgWhie moves ad wins

8� �

.

�

�

•

�

6 • • : •5 . - • •4 m B 3 . - • � 2 • • - -1 B B

a b c d e f g h

Backs peces ae placed erribly Aer 1. Kg4, Black mus makea move hat loses his Knigh Hs King can move and theKnighs ony squares (e8, e6, fS, and hS) ae al guarded byWhie's Pieces. O nce Whie has capured he impoen horse,wnning depends smply on no salemaig he Black King.

Whie proceeds carefuy, promoing his pawn o mate. Anu mber of oher varaons wn eq ual ly we l

. Kg4 Ne6

2 Bxe6 Kg7

3. Kg5 Kh8

4. Bd7 Kg7

5 Kf5 Kg8

6. Kf6 Kh8

. g7 + Kh7

8 Be6 Kh6

9. g8/Q Kh5

1 0 . Qh8 mate

(1-0



90 AS NDGAM CURS

ENGAM 233

Zugzwang 3

W Ke, Bf3 d6 B Kc Nf8Whe move and w

. �,

7 •

� m

L

.

t�

. 4 . 3 2 . . .

a b d f g h

Black' cum Kng h ge corralled afe 1 . Be4 Back Kingcould aack Whie Bihop 1 Kd4 bu h e eaeWhie' pawn from aack. Whie ha a afe ove o capureBack Kngh and a new Whie Queen and up. Black habeen zuzwn.

1 Be4 Kd4

2. Kx8 Kxe4

3. d7

10

ENGAME 234

Blockae

CS AN AWS N ACT 91

W Kd3, Ng2 B Kb3 B, c3Whie move and draw

Black' pawn and a rong Bhop face a weak Knigh Bu heol hoe for Whie work 1 Ne preveni ng he pawn' movemen) B2 2 . Nc2 Bb6 3 Ne Bc5 4 Nc2 B2 rng ozuzwn he Kngh) 5 Na and Whe hod Black Kngcan' capure he Kngh becaue woud loe hi pawn. he

pawn mu reman on board o make a new Queen, bu Blackha no afe wa o advance Whie' pek Knigh jureourcefu enough o mainan he blockade.

1 . Ne B2

2. Nc2 Bb6

3 Ne Bc5

4. Nc2 B2

5 . Na

Draw



9 ANS NGAM CUS

ENGAME 235

Corraing 2

W Kg8 Ba2 Pb2 Ke1 Na5Whte moves and wns

a b c d e f g h

A Knght on the m s dm regardless of whch rm. HereWhte' cora d5 s devasatng. he Bshop taps heKght and after 1 . . . Kd2 he p�wn shags t 2 b4 Backght to dvet the Bs hop 2 . . . Nb7 . 7 o gve h s Kngtme t o g et ba ck n t he act o n . . . . Kc3 Bt once he pawn s

fe from captre 4. 5 Kb4 5 . a6 Whte has me to b rn tobng hs Kng towad Qeensde as an escort for the promot-g pawn

1 d5 Kd2 7. Ke7 Kc7

2. b4 Nb7 8 . Ke8 Kb8

b7 Kc3 9 Kd8 Ka8

4 b5 K4 0 Kc7 Ka7

a6 Kc5 1 1 . c8 Ka8

6. K7 Kb6 2 . b7+ Ka7

b6 mate

(10

CS AN AWS N ACT 93

ENGAE 236W Kd1 Bd4 Kb1 Na4 Pa2Whe moves and draws

Corner Retreat

7 -

- -

6 - -s m - -4 B 3 - 2 1 � 1 -�-\ -

a b c d e g h

Whte looks o sacrfce hs Bshop for Backs pawn once thepawn advances to a1 . Bt B ack pla ns o hwar hat by nterposng hs Kngh at b2 bockng he Bshop. Wh no tme tospare Whte m s p lay 1 . a ! f Back capres he BshopWhe draws by movng h s K ng o c2 whch s h same coor

sqare as that occped by Black's Kngh. hs raps Black'sKng and hs Kngh s nable o reposon n order to dveaway Whte's kng . f Back nsead answers by nsertn g 1 .. Nb2 Whte pay s 2 . Kd2 After 2 . . Nc4 + s nce BlacksKnght s now on a dark sqare Whtes Kng aso makes to adark sqare . Kd1 Ka1 trppng Bl acks Kng n the corner.Backs moves no longer matter. Whe draws by movng hsKng back and forth between c2 and c1 .

1 . a Nb2 + 7 . Kc Ne2 +

2 . Kd2 Nc4+ 8. Kc2 Nd4+ . Kd Kx 9 . Kc Nb3+

4. Kc2 Ne3 1 0 . Kc2 Nd2

5 . Kc Nd 1 1 . Kc6. Kc2 Nc3 Draw



94 • PANN NGAM CUR

ENGAE 237

Driving O

W b7, Nd, Pd7 B d, BaWhie moves and wins

8 - -

® 6

p .

1

3 ·

2

8 - a b c d f g h

Whaever is drawbacks in endga mes, don' sell a knig h shor.A fer 1 . Nc6 Backs Bishop is aacked and ha s no safe pace tomove and si l l preven the Queeni ng of White's pawn. f i goeso b6 or c, i's aken b Whie 's ing . f i goes o d8, he ni ghtbecomes he gobbler And if i rereas along he a5e1 diago

nal, Whie Queens it pawn.

1 Nc6

1 0)

NGAE 238

Blok Out

C AND AWN N ACTN 95

W b, Nc8, Pa6 B d BdWhie moves and wins

a R 6 R ® 4 B 3 2 8 -

a b c d f g h

White's ngh shus ou Bl ack's Bis hop wih 1 Nb6 . W h e h erB la ck h en a ke s he ni gh , 1 Bxb6 2 Kxb6 or moves hising ou of check Whie pushes his a-pawn o Queen Maesoon fo l ows.

1 Nb6 Bxb62 Kxb6 Kd6

. a

10



96 PAN DS N DGAME CUS

NGA 239

Convoy

W Kd5 Ne P5 B Kh1 Bh2Whie moves and wins

f he Blak King wee lose i oud shoulde some of hede fens ive hoes and he game woud daw Bu afe 1 Nd6

he beeagueed Bishop is eied om he poeedings andWhie eans on Queening sho Bak ies o eoae hisBishop al ong he a5-d8 diagoal 1 . . Bgl 2. c6 Bb6. A hough he pawn is momeai sopped Blak's King is so

emoved ha Whie has imeplu s o ge his pees o he ighsquaes o shoo he Bishop 3 e6 B7 4 d7 Bb8 5 Ne8

g2 6. Nc7 Ba7 7. N6 Bb6 8. N 5 3 9 Na4 Ba5 10 Nb2 e4 1 1 . Nc4 he Bishop mus ea ou pemiing aiumphan oonaion.

1 . Nd6 Bgl Na6 Bb6

. c6 Bb6 8 Nc5 3

3 . e6 Bc7 9. Na4 Bas

4. d7 Bb8 10 . Nb2 e4

5 . Ne8 g2 1 1 Nc4

6. Nc7 Ba7 10

Gossary

he following ems eae ehniall o he endgames in hee, and a o ma no also be sandad English usage heglossa enies ae desi gned o assi s ou eadin g of he bookand ou u ndesandin g of hess .

ACIV aj.) Refes o a dnami move o plaemen ANALYSS n.) The poess of deeminig hough aefueaminaon he bes moves in a vaiaion o posiionAAC n) A hea o apue an enem piee A foeamed a a speifi obeive o fo a defnie puposeBACROW A n ) A hekmae give b a Queen o Rookalong he boad's edge Aso aled a Bak-Rank Mae.BACWAR AWN n A weak pawn ha has aen behindfiend l pawns whih an no poe iBA BISO n.) A passive Bishop oen obsued b isown pawns usual a pemanen d isadvanage.BARRIR n A veial o h oonal ow of squaes genealonoled b a Rook ha he ene Ki ng anno ossBASIC A n) A hekmae ha an be foed wih pueelemenal ombinaions of piees no pawns agains a oneenem King. he fou sandad hekmaes ae King andQueen King and Rook King ad wo bishops and KingBishop and Knigh Ohe basi maes inlude Queen andRook and wo Rooks.BN A ASS AWN (av) Geeal l used o desibehe bes pae fo a Rook o saio iself whe aaking anadvaning pawn As he paw advaes up he boad heRooks mobil i ineasesBSOS O OOS COLORS n A siuaion in whiheah p lae has on one Bishopone ave ing on igh

9



98 GSSARY

squas, o on da can nv aac ac o oguad sam squas. Also cad OpposiCoo Bisops.BLIN SIE n) sd of boad awa fom pocd passd pawn o aacing zon, in siuaions wKngs and pawns confon ac o ov an ndd aa lv sid is clos on.BLOCKAE n) A dfnsv sag a consss of pvnng advanc of an nm pawn usual a passd pawn) boccuping ando guadin g squa n fon of iB n) abbviaon fo Bsoppawn, a pawn on c o f f i .BREAKROUG (n) A pawn sacfc wos pupos is oopn ins and/o o ca a passd pawn.BRIGE n) A blocing mov usuall b a Roo) a sopsnm RooccsBUILING A B RIG n) In Roo nd ngs, wn songsid as a pawn on 7 an, ppas o boc nmRooccs b posioning s own Roo on is 4 an ooccasiona, s 5 o 6 an). m was cad b AonN mzovc 1 881935. S LUCENA

'S POSITON.

CANI n) pawn li o b passd Also cad Candda assd awn suall, i is a pawn w no nmpawn n fon of on sam f lCAABLNCA'S RUL n) A pincipl a dmns wc

pawn o mov fs wn p usn g a goup of pawns p lasoud sa b advancing unopposd pawn candidapawn), as i l usad b Js Raou Capablanca n sval of sboosCENRALIZE (v. T pac ons pcs in, o as cos o, boad's cn 4, d4, d) So placd av mo scopand can im i nm counpas.CENURIN'S OSIION n.) A famous ndgam of Kng,Bisop, and K nig-pawn vs Kin g and Bi sop, n wc anlaboa Bsop manuv gains a mpo and wins.CECKING ISANCE n) min imum d s anc a R oond s o wa an n m passd pawn's advanc ando a ass nm Kin g, wou fa of aac sf. Roo, a ong-

GSSARY 99

ang pc, funcons o bs advanag wn s a as squas awa fom is ag nm Kng o pawn.us, if W's King w on d4 and is pawn on 4, wiBlacs Roo ccd fom d, squas bwn nsu a Roo as ccing disanc and couldpvn advanc of K ng and pawn. If Roo w a d7,owv, w onl wo squ as bwn, Roo woud avno ccng dsanc, and Ws Kng could appoac,subsqun scapng ccs and advancng s pawn.COMANION SQUARE n.) Ano nam fo a CORRESPONDNG

QARE.

CONJUGAE SQUARE (n) Ano nam fo a CORRESPONDNG

QARE.

CONNECE ASSE AWNS (n) wo fndl passd pawnson adjacn fs, wc can poc ac o.COORINAE SQUARE n) Ano nam fo a CORRSPONDNG

QARE

CORRALLING A KNIG n) apping a Kn g wi a Biso palong dg of boad Fo ampl , a Blac Kn ig on ai s coalld b a Wi Bsop on d5CORRESONING SQUARE n.) A squa accssb on oon King a colas o a squa accssb on o o. n s comp l oppos iona a ionsi p, in wic pawns a obsacs, pfabl on's Kng sould occup is

cospondng squa mmda af opponn's Kngoccupis s . U sua l fd o i n p lu al , cospondngsquas Aso cal ld Companion Squa, Conjuga Squa,Coodna Squa, Rlad Squa, and Sis SquaC n) abbvaion fo cnpawn, a pawn on d o -f i l .CRIICAL SQUARE n) A squa wos occupaon b su po Kng nsus succss of a as If a pla as a Kingand pawn and s opponn as on a Kng, wns f s Kingcan occup an of s pawns cica squas Roo-pawns avon on cical squa, wl o passd pawns av id pawns ma av as man as si.CROSSCECK n.) A cc a bocs n m's pvous



00 GARY

k Eall alabl a a a n Qn ndng oa al aak o e oong QnCOSSOVE (n) A an b a K ng n on o and ao ad an o a e od a ae Al o all d Oa d ngng o nda.CUTO (n.) Caon o a ba a Qn o Rook n n Kng o ang ao a ank o l o fo aangDASQUAE ISHO (n.) A Bo a a on on daka o W Bo a a e ga on oBak on a begn on 8DECOY (n) An ode aed an offeed a a ae ol an n all Kng o e an baleDIAGONAL MACH (n.) A an enablng a Kng o aoa o a n ooe don lanol bang a on g a dagona a d an fo boDIAGONAL OOSITION (n) An oo on n eKng a eaad b on ee o fe-a along a dagonal. I nld dagonal oo on on ae nbn dan dagonal ooon ee a n bn and long-dan dagonal oo on fe ae nbn S O O T O N .

DIECT OOSITION n) An oo on on a ank odagonal n Kng ae eaaed b on a.

D al oo on aong a f l d ozonal ooon alon g a ank and de dagonal oo on alon ga dagonal S OOTON.

DISTANT OOSITION (n) An oo on on a f e ank odagonal n e Kng a eaaed b e a.Dan ozonal ooon along a f le dan ealoo on along a ank and dan dagonal oo on along a dagonal. S O O S T O

DISCOVEED ATTAC (n.) W a one oe a nl ng an oe fndl e l n o oe Wn bo eong and aona e ge aneo tea adoubl aak. Alo alld Doe

GARY 0

DOULE ATTAC (n) A lano aak aga n o aae ag e e b on agan o a ok o b o nang dn a u a a do.DOULED AWNS (n) o fn dl an a l n u on a f and an' o a o.DOWN THE EXCHANGE (v Hang a Kn g o B oagan an n Rook S TH XHNG.

DAW Y EETITION (n) S RTTON OF OSTON R

EDGE n boad o o d o o a: a- f l ank and 8 ank.EXCHANGE (n) ang o a Rook o a no eB o o Kng. Yo "n ang o " o eang.EINT (n) A Kng ane n a a an oefo an aon gan o a an all doong l.IFTYMOVE ULE (n) A la of a a la ola a da o a bn lad o a ang bn angd o a an odFIXED AWNS (n.) o anon W on Bl akfangand b ok ng a o ao ng a f o a n anoLAN ATTAC (n) A Rook aak agan n Kngo d o a ad an a oo d o an aak agan

n an and Kng o bnd o n fon. Wnf ea aak a obl a b e onl ao a a ga.FLIGHT SQUAE (n.) A la o Kng o f aod ngbak-o ae and o a. S F

ONTAL ATTAC (n) A de aak all b a Rook on aad an along l o a n on o an aood o a a aak o bnd Kng alo ge onaaak eea b eng bokad . S RR TTK.

FONTIE (n) An agna l ne aang 4 and 5ank a e ond b Aon NzoGAIN A MOVE (v) T ole an aon n o lan



30 GARY

in one l ess oe an apparenl needed. A pl aer gains adanage b asing or orng is opponen o wase a oe,s all a response o a rea. Also alle d Gain a epo.HOLE n A weakness sall a sqare on one's 3rd rankwi is napable of being deended b a pawn.HOZONTAL OOSTON n An opposiion in wi eKngs l ine p on e sae rank , separaed b one, ree, or iesqa res. D re orzonal opposion as one sqare beweendsan orizonal opposiion as ree sqares beween, andlong-disan orizonal opposon as fe sqares beween

See OOTON

NSUFFCE NT MATNG MATEAL (n e sae o beng n adrawn posiion bease neier side as enog aerial lefo ore ae as, or exape, wen onl wo Kings rean orwen one s ide as a lone Bisop or Knig.SOLATED AWN n.) A pawn wi no friendl pawns on eier adaen fi le and wi erefore anno be garded banoer pawn.EY SQUAE n) Anoer nae or ICA SQUA

NGSO n) For eier side, e Bisop a sas egae on e Kingside ( for Wie, f8 for BakNGTS COALL (n.) A Bisop ap of a Kng along eedge.NGHT'S JUM n) A ni of disane based on ow eKng oes If sqare is a Knigs p awa fro sqaeb, i eans a Knig siing on old oe o b . Also alled aKng's MoeNGHTSMOVE OOSTON n) An opposiion in wie K ings do no op e sae row or s on sqaes of esae olor Te sand in opposiion, een og e are aKnigs p awa fro ea oer, bease bloked pawnspreen e Kings ro assing pial opposi iona d isanes. s, dieren es applLT ECES n Bisops and Knigs . A lso al led MinorPiees.LTSQUAE SHO (n) A Bisop a aels on l ig

GARY 303

sq ares onl. For Wie , e Bis op a sars e gae on or Blak, e one a begins on 8LVE SDE n e side o e board loses o e proeedpassed pawn or aaking zone wen Kings and pawns onronea oe oer an exended area e blind side is e oedisan on e.LONGD STANT OOSTON n) An opposi ion along a fi l e ,rank, or diagonal in wi e Kings are separaed b fiesqares. Long-disan erial opposiion is along a i le, longdisan orizonal opposiion is along a rank and long-disan

diagonal opposiion is along a diagonal. See O O T O

LONG SDE n or Knig, Bisop, and enerpawns, eside a offers e greaes n ber of f les leading o e edgeo e board. Te onep s espeall iporan in Rookendgaes, in wi e Rook s be fa awa in order o giea sessfl f lank aak s e p nple "Moe o r Rooko e long s ideLOSE A MOVE (v. T create a zugzwang stuato n by a s eries ofmoves ha force the oppone n o g ive way. I involves keepingth e same positi o n , but ansferr ing he move to the opponent Also all ed Lose a TepoLUCENAS OSTON n) aed aer Lis Rarez Lena( ieensixeen enr an ipoan posi ion in eKing, Rook, and pawn on e rank s King and Rookendgae. I inoles esaping e pesk eks of e eneRook b reaing sele for e arassed King. Te eniqeis "b i ld in g a bridgeplai ng ones Rook firs on is 4 rankSee B D G

LUFT (n) A Geran er eanng ar or, f igra ie l,breaing spae. A flig sqare reaed for a King b oing apawn in fron o e King so a i an esape bak-row aes MAJO ECES (n) Qeens and Rooks. A lso al led HeaPees.MANEUVE (n.) A redepoen or a seies of oes, sa l no nolng eks or exanges desgned o proe eplaeen o one or o re piees.



304 GAR

MINO PECES (n.) Bsops and Kngts . A lso al led gPees.NP (n.) Te abbeaon fo Kngtpawn, a pawn on ee e g- o b f l e OLIQUE OPPOSITON Anoe name o RCANGUAR

OOION.

OCCUPATION (n) Det paement o a pee o pawn on aspe sqae.OPEN FILE (n.) A etal ow of egt saes (s as d1og d8 deod of pawns A ne espeal efete oRooks.OPPOSITECOLO ISHOPS See B SOS OF OOS T CO-

O R

OPPOSITION A Z elat ons p beween eKngs dependng man l on te dstane sepaatng em Ife Kn gs stand n opposto n w ee moes s at a d sadanage and mst ge gond Te Kngs se oppos on ne f gt oe a passed pawns al sqaes Te aakn gKng takes e opposton tng to op a ta sqae,and te defend ng Kng "takes e oppost on to peent teenem Kng fom opng tat tal sae o otes Insandad oppost ons (eta, ozo nta o dagona anddet dstant and ongdstant e Kngs op sqaes oe same oo and ae sepaated b an odd n mb e of sq aes

(one t ee o fe alo ng te same ow (f e ank o d agonal.OPPOSITONA FED Te ne elaon of ee poss bleopposton taken n seqene extendng aoss te eneboad T s, f a plae gets e ongdstant opposton, e anone t to a dstant oppos on as te opponens Kng appoaes, and t eeafte to a d et opposton f s Kng sepseen lose See O O S O N

OUTFANNG An nason b e Kng fom te flanksall elng on te opposton and often o op an osde tal sqae, espeall to wn a xed enem pawndefended onl b ts KngOUTSIE C ITCAL SQUAE e a sqae faestfom te enem Kng. It s geneall e adest ta sqae

GAR 30

fo e enem Kng to deend See UNDRASS and CROSOVER

OUTSIDE PASSED PAWN (n) A pawn ee to moe owadpomoon pos oned awa fom e man fgng aea. I stpall sed o deo e enem Kng o one sde o te boad(b teaenng o beome a new Qeen, so at e fendlKng an mp on te oe sde.OVEPASS (n.) Anote name fo ossoe.PASSIVE . Rees o a moe a meel gads o wadso, w no elemen of ontepla. An exampe s a passeRooks defense w geneall s paed o sop mate alonge boads edge.PASSED PAWN (n) A pawn fee to moe o s pomoonsqae wt no enem pawns to blok ts pogess o e lastank .PAWN S LAND (n) A gop of fend pawns sepaated omoe endl pawns b a eas one fe. Te fewe pawnsl ands a plae as te bettePAWN MAOTY A gop of pawns n on aea tatotn mbe te enem pawns opposng tem If a plae as aeal pawn majot, e an eae a passed pawn. Wenbot Kngs asle Kn gsde and a plae as a Qeensde majot e an pode a passed pawn and se t as a deo to lete enem K ng fom te Kng sde, eang tat seto deenseless See QUEENS MAJORY

PEPETUAL CHEC (n)A seqene o eks om w eenem Kng anno esape bt anno be mated ete Ts

enqe s sed b te ekng sde to daw e game bepeton of poson. As a plae s abot o epea a postono e d me te les allow m to lam a daw. Teepe ons n eed n ot o o n onsete moes fo te eo app. Aso all ed Pepeal and Pepetal Attak.PI O'S DAW In statons of Kng Rook, and pawns Kng and Rook ttng off e appoang Kng b establs n g ones Rook on ts 3d ank , w ones own Kn g sand ngn te pat o te enem pawn A plae an daw b sftngs Rook along te 3d ank, peentng te attakng K ng fomomng lose. If e paes opponent pses te pawn to



0 GLARY

blok o e Rook and beak e off al lowng te Kng oadvane te daw an be mananed b tanfeng e Rooko te bak ank wee an teaen o gve an annongee o ekPHIIDO'S POSION (n) n e Kng Rook and B op v .Kng and Ro ok endgame a wnn ng poo oetl analedb anoAnde Danan Pl do (7295POSIIONAL DAW (n.) A dawn aon n w e pooplaement of otewe wnnng matea ando te eeen tpoton of te enem defende peven e game fombeng won. An eample Kng Bop ad Rookpawn v.Kng wen e Bop nable o dve e enem Kng fome pomoon qaePOMOION SQUAE n.) Te qae o a paed pawn8t ank tat e pawn m op o beome a new peeAo aed e Qeenng Sqae.POTECE PASSED PWN n. A pawn ga ded b a fendpawn teeoe afe fom enem Kng attakPOMOION (n) Ceaton of a new Qeen wen a pawneae t lat ank A lo al led Q eenngUEENSOP (n) o e te de te B op a tat tegame on e Qeen de ( fo Wt e 8 fo BakQUEENNG SQUAE n Anote name fo PomoonSqae.QUEENSDE MAOIY n) An advantage w avngmoe pawn on te Q eende ta t e oppone enabe oneo eae a paed pawn a ma be ed a a deo.EA AAC (n.) A atak b a Kng o Rook fom bed apaed pawn T geneall e mot powef potng fo aRook Tog te Kg tend o be bete paed defenvel nfon of an advanng pawn teeb blokadng t omeme agame a be aved b menang te pawn wt e Kng fome ea.ELATED SQUAE (n.) Anoe name fo CO RR O N D G

SQAR

ECANG ULA OPPOSON (n) An oppoon n w eKng do no oppoe ea ote aong e ame ank f le o

GLARY 307

dagonal b do op qae of te ame oo f a eange wee dawn aong te pemee of qae onannge wo Kng and f bo te long and ot de of eeangle onan an odd n mbe of qae te Kng and neangla oppo on weeb nd eable fo e eKng o move. a lo al led O b q e Oppo on. o eample f We Kng wee on 2 and Blak Kng wee on e6 eKng wold ten be n eangla oppoon and weveone move a a dadvanage. See OPOSTO

EPETITION O POSITION ULE (n) A le of te gameweeb a a plae abo to eae a poton tat aalead oed we tog not neea on onetvemove e pemed o lam a daw. T e alnvoked o og b te nfeo de to avet defea. Aoknown a Daw B RepeonGTIANGLE CECK (n) An mag ned g angl e atan be aed ove e aangemen of ee pee (wo Kngn e ame ank o f le epaated b one qae and oneekng majo pee paed a a gt ange to te l ne ofKn g f te K ng ae on a f e e majo pee ek along aank f on a ank te ek ome fom aong e f e n a ae a gtang le ek d ve e enem Kng bak a owAlong e boad edge a ek gve mate.OLL (n) A eq ene of fong ek b two pee of l ke

powe a dve a defendng Kng o te edge o one owafe ow b onetve f e ank o dagoal.P (n.) Te abb evaton fo Rookpawn a pawn on e te ea o f e .SEVENTH AN (n) Geneal l an mpoant ank fo annvadng Rook to op Along te 7t ak an aggeveRook ma onfne te enem Kng et p matng ea andofen atak a nmbe of paw.SHO SIDE (n.) Te de of a Kngt B op o entepawnoffeng e fewe nmbe of fle to te edge of te boadRookpawn ave ol one de. dea te defende te opoton Kng on te o de of a paed pawn o tat ekeep te log de lea fo Rookek T f a pae



0 GAR

ae eaed in one t is sally done o lose a moe plainge oe s ide in zuzwn Wile exeuing tis maneee Kings moemen aes a angleWO ISOPS (n) A ype of adanage weeby one sideas wo Bs ops and e ote as a Bis op and Kni g o woKnigs UNDPOMOTION (n) Cea ion of a Rook Bisop oKniginsead of a Qeenwen a pawn eaes is 8ank UN IVS (n) Fo a passed pawn a n i magined setion of e

boad onsising of ee fi les te fi le te pawn opies ande adjaen files o e immedate left and igt Wen a Kngand pawn fae a lone King e fig o pomote e pawngeneal ly is onf ined wi in is oneUP TH XCHANG (v) Haing te adantage of a Rookagainst a mino piee (Bisop o Knigt.VTICA OPPOSITON (n) A n op p os i t ion in w i teKing s l i ne p on e same f le sepaaed by one ee o fiesqaes. Die eial opposi ion as one sqae betweendisant etial opposi ion as ee sqaes beween andlon g-disan eial opposi ion a s fe sq aes between . SeeO O T O N .

WAITING MOV (n) A moe ta sifs te n o onesopponent wiot anging anyting impotant in te position ofen aompi sed by moing a piee one squae aeado beind aong te l ine it aleady opies.WANSS (n.) A sqae o pawn at no fendly pawn anpoeWONG ISHOP (n.) n s ita ions of King B isop and Rookpawn s a lone King a Bisop a aes on sqaes ofdiffeen olo fom e Rookpawns pomoion sqa e T sit anno die t e enemy King fom e one and te game isdawn. In sitaions of King and Rook s King and Bisop aBisop at is nable to opy te sqaes oiontally oeially adaen o e one Ts i anno saisfaoilysele is Kng fom Rook-eks.

GAR 1 1

ZUGZWANG (n.) A wod fom Geman a means ompuls ion o moe. n ess endgames it as a negatie onnoaion. f a playe is "in uzwn " any moe e an makeloses o wosens i s pos it ion.ZWISCHNZUG (n) A Geman em meaning "inemediatemoe. Also alled Inbetween Moe. I s sally an nexpeed moe s as a ek tat allows a playe o deayeaptin g el sewee fo one m oe



Index

Ative Defee, 266A me Aother Mate i our, 37

Any-Rook Move Mate 27Attaki the Weak ide 65Avoid the orer, 214Avodi talemate, 218

Baci Off, 22Back-Rank ape, 24Bad K' oto, 247Badly laced Rook 182Bihop)

eemetay heckmate 303and kiht, i eeentary chek

ate 344The Dive 42K hf, 4The Lock, 39Mate n Fou, 638Mate Three, 35Mate in wo 34Traton to the Lock, 40

v iht and paw, 29396Bock O, 95onvoy, 29Drivn off, 294

ad paw 2061itca qare , 206riical quae 2, 20itca-qae Fi t, 21Mipacd Bop, 207Won olo Bop, 208ad paw() v. bhop 27285Bop of Oppote oo , 283etui' oition, 27778Deflecin acrfce, 273Defecion 274

Otflaki 285uh-Off 275-Off 2 279

Rear Defee 28081topp te Advane 284top the Block, 272Zzwa , 276Zuzwa 2, 282

ad pawn v. iht, 28892Blokade 291orrall 292oa 288Ecileme t, 289Zuzwa 3, 290

ad pawn v paw 2 2 5Avoid the orer, 214orered, 213Mpaced Bihop 212quae of he aw, 5

v pa wn, 9091eati a Blok 91Dcovered Mate 1 90

v ook ee Rook, v. bihopad rook v ook ee Rook() ad

bihop v. rookBhop Ro , 30Bhop of Oppoite olo 283Bocade, 291Bloci the cal Daoal Bock te Qeenn quare, 172Bock Out, 29Board Ede, 95Breaki oordiation, 67Breakn Dow te Fote 227Beakin ow the Fortre 2 228Bea e Bae, 263Beakn the t-off, 243Beakthouh 153Breahouh 46

3 3



3 • INDEX

n cnt.eee, 124qeeing In, 1 29rehet, 19nderpas 1728

and tw pawns vs kng 0515Al ignment 111conneted pawns, 1 089Deoy 114doued pawns 07Getting Back 113In ide t e Pawn Sqare, 15Oppo it io n, 112Pawn Mate 08Pawn Pith 1 06Pawn Pitc 2, 109SltPawn Defene, 110

and two pawn vs king and pawn,3555

all paed pawns, 337akward pawn, 14550Breaktogh, 13Breakthogh 1 46Cleaance, 36onneted pawns 5155Corresponding Sqares,1490

Diagonal March, 137Dstant Opposton, 1 42ettion 152Knights-Move Opposition 144ong-Distant Opposition, 151oppoing pawns pls passed pawn,

38Otfanking, 54Ouf ank ng 1 , 148OtfankingOpposition, 147

Outside Passed Pawn 38Pawn Pitch, 143Pawn Sac, 45protected passed pawn, 1434Reerve Tempo, 155epozng 39three adjacent f i es, 142Trianglaton, 40

King and Knght Duel, 221King Shift 41Kng to the Sort Side 260Knight()

and ishop in eementary hecmates 3443

The Dve 42Kng Shift, 4

he Loc, 39Mate in Four, 338Mate n Three 35Mate n wo, 34Transition to the Lock 40

vs. ishop and pawn 28892Blockade 291Corraling 292Corall ng 288Enemen 289Zugzwang 3, 290

and pawn 219Avoding Stalemate 218Coor Rle, 216

orce te Pawn to the 7th, 217Rear Defense, 21 9vs. pawn 192203

The Boards Edge 95he Cut 98Dangeos oo-awn, 200Knight ork, 194Mate in Four Moves, 203Mate in the Coner 199Mate n Three Moves, 202Mate in Two Moves, 20Perpetal Ceck 193Setting the Barer, 96Settng the Baie 2 97

and pawn vs. sop 29396Block Out 295Convoy, 296orner Reteat, 293Dvng o 294

and pawn vs. knight 2887Defletion, 286Reducton, 287

and pawn v pawn 2223Corne Cu Up 220Curled p 220Kng and Knight Due, 22Outflanng, 223

Kngh o 9Knigs-Move Oppositon, 14Knght·Pawn ap 90

Laskes Pin, 269Lfting te Blockade, 229Lfting the Blockade 2 230Light pi eces. ee Minor pieceLock The 39LongDstant Opposition, 1 00 51

Mantaning the Barrie, 25Mantaining the Oppostion, 98Major piees. ee Heavy piecesMate n Four 36 203Mate n Fou Another 37Mate n For, A Tid 38Mate n the Corne, 99Mae in Three 35 202Mate n Two, 34 75, 20M no pece s ee so secc eces

ishop and pawn(s) vs. shop,27285

ishop and pawn vs. knight, 28892eementary checkates 3043

shop and knght, 343two shops, 333knght a nd pawn vs is hop, 29396knght and pawn vs. knght 2887and pawn 20523

shop and pwn 2011ishop and pawn vs. pawn, 22

25knight and pawn 219knight and pawn vs pawn 22

223vs pawn(s) 8203

ishop 991knghts 92203

and roo, 5770Misplaced Bisop, 207 212

No Stemate 77

Opposng 79Opposton 95 2Opposton Disn 26Oppostonal ed, 163Oppostonal Fgh, 12Oppostional Squeee 80Outanng, 8 5 223 285Ouf laning , 48OuflaningOpposition 47Ouflaning Treuchet 20Outsde Crc Sq re 92Ousde ssed awn 38

ssve Defens e Daws 28sse Deense Dws 2 249 257ssve Deense Loses 29

INDEX • 37

assive Deense ose 2 258Pawn(s). ee s secc o

e ecesin acton, 7167

king and pawn v king 7303ing and pawn vs king and

pawn, 1733king and two pawns vs king

1055ng and wo pwns vs ng and

pawn , 13555msellaneous king and pawn

potions, 15767and peces n action 6296

heavy piees, 22533heavy piece v. pawn, 17187minor piee pls pawn 20523minor piees, 27196mno pees vs pawn 8203ooks, 23569

and rook vs queen and pawn, 227228

awn Mate, 08Pawn Pitc 43Pawn Pch 1 106Pawn Pich 2 109Pawn Sac 145awn Shete 254awns Way 92epetual Attac, 55Perpetal Attack , 50erpetual Check 46, 193 233erpeta Threat, 87Phi idos Draw, 256P id os ostion, 5, 70

Pn and Wi n, 59ositi ona Draw 62ositioni ng the King, 31Pevent ng the Checking Dis tance,

245PushOff 1 275usO 2 279

Queenn elementary checkmates, 2124

Backing Off 22Clo s ng In 21CutOff, 23Erecng the Baier, 24

vs. pawn(s) 17277Bocng e Queenng Squae

172



J i •

(_U'Cfl ( <HJl. I

Gaining Tme, 76Mate in Two, 7o Staemate, 77Stalemate , 73Staleate 2, 74

and pawn vs q ee n, 22933CossCec , 231CossCheck 2, 232Lfting the Bockade 1 , 229Lftng the Bockade 2, 230epetual Chec, 233

and pawn vs ook and pawn, 227228

Breaking Down the Fortres ,

227Beaking Down the otress 2,228

Perpetal Ceck, 46vs. qeen

Foced Mae 47X-ay Attak, 48

and rook, in eementary chemates

Queen and oo ol, 18ol ing Bare, 19

vs rook, 4955Doubereat Quee, 3Dal Methods, 54Fom dge to dge, 2erpeta Attack, Perpeta Attack 1, Phidor's osition, 1Staemate Sacrfce, 49

vs. rook and pawn, he ortess,226

Queen and ook oll, 18

ear Attack on Advanced Pawn, 8ear Defense 103, 29 288ear Otfnkng, 60edcton, 287eposton, 80eseve Tempo 96, 155ight-Corner Mate, 58ol ing Barre, 19ook()

vs. bshop, �62he Chase, 60Corner Dve, 61 ad W, 59

Pition Draw, 62ight-Cone Mate, 58

and bsop vs rook, 6570Atackg te Weak Sde, 6Beaking Coodinaton, 67hildors Postion, 70ook Lft , 66oo ift 2, 68Sifting Sides, 69

eleentary checmates, 228Any-ook Move Mate, 27Cosng the Net, 28"CutOff Mate, 26ook Bae 20Wating-Move Mate, 25

vs knigt, 634Separation, 63Togetherness,

vs. pawn, 1793 ee /so vs. twopawns eo

Bady aced ook, 82Cut-Off Along ank, 78Getting Bak, 79epositon, 80Saavedra's PostonUndePro

moton, 1 83Tepo FinesseOppositon, 18

ad paws, 26669Actve Defense, 266xcangng Down, 268Lase r's Pn , 269Skewer, 267

and pawn vs qeen, The ortress,226

and pwn vs. queen and pawn,22728

Break ng Down the o rtres s 1 ,

227Breaking Down the Fotress 2,

228and pawn vs ook, 23665

Bac-ank scape, 24Bad King's Positon, 247Breang te Baer, 263Beakg te Cto 24The Bidge, 2CtOffo Checking Distance

262Dving Off, 240Drving Off the Promotion

Square, 259scapg Aong e Fe, 242

. ·- ·-

I l nk A t , lk Ak 1 , 246ank Attack 2, 22dng , 237ing to te Sort Sde, 260Maintaining the Barrier 25Passve Defee Daw , 248Passve Defense Draws 2, 257Passive Defens oses 1 , 249Passve Defense Loses 2 258Pawn Sheter, 254Philidors Draw, 256Preventng the Cecking Ds

te 24Short-Side Probem, 25

Sht n, 239Skewer 1 236Staleate Trick, 250Two-ile CutOff, 2646Zgzwang, 238

vs. queen, 4955Dobe-Threat Qeen, Dual Methods, 54From dge to dge, 52Pepetual Attak, 55Perpeta Attack , Pi i dor's Posion, Staemate Sacrife, 49

and qeen, n elementary heckmates

Qee ad ook o , 8ol ing Barrier, 19

vs two pawns, 1847Connected Pawns on 6th ank

184

ronta Atta, 186Pepeta Teat, 187

ear Attak o Advaed Pawn,18

ook Barrer, 20oo Li ft 1 , 66oo Lift 2, 68ookPawn Daws, 0

Savedra's ostionnderpomotion, 18

Separaton 63Setting the Baier, 196Settng the Barer 2, 97Shie dng Off, 77, 123Shftng Sdes, 69

N D EX • 1 9

Sht I n, 239Short-Sde Problem, 23Skewer, 31 , 267Skewer 1, 236SplitPawn Defense, 0Square of the Pawn, 74, 21Squeeze, 78, 24Squeezing n, 29Stalemate, 85Stalemate 1 173Staemate 2, 74Stalemate Sarifice, 49Stalemate Trk, 20Steppng nto the Square, 7Stopping te Advance, 284

Stop the Bl ock, 272

akng Away Sqares, 33Tempo, 67Tempo FnesseOpposition, 81Temporiing, 139Thrd Mate in Four, A, 8Togetheess Tnsiton to a Squeeze, 84Transtion to the ock, 4Trebuchet, 19Tanguaton, 1 401, 1 6wo-le Ct-Off, 2646

nderpass, 2728U nderpass , 94Underps 2 97

Vertical Sqeeze, 82

WatingMove Mate, 25Wong Coo Bshop 208

Xay Attack, 48

Zugzwang, 238Zgzwang 1 276Zugwang 2, 282Zugzwang 3, 290



About the Author

B ANDOLFIN is pehaps bes nown fo his mon hy ChessLfe ABCs of Chess olumn and fo hs seven nsuona he ss boo s in lud in Bobby Fischer's Outrageous Chess

Mves Prncples of the New Chess Russan Chess The ABCo Chess L et 's Play Chess Kasparo vs Winnin g Chess Tat csand One Move Chess by the Champions Pehaps he mosepeie ned hess eahe in No h Amea and he eeuivedi eo of he Manhaan Chess Clu b B ue Pandof ni l ives inNew Yo Ciy.



' I E s D C"e L B R A y I

Te n h a paicy I i e o & Iei r <h5 e U hs -

' flr nd9 v O icbl� b Q p'"hO �oc is :ly d eon:l 9:. � Pnrf. t C

l , I m Ptlf

ni 'c oue

o

his: ud s, ·s - v �· X _ .ml

-de s ! r nt1- fma 'h � sludn� t a bi< q o h I n°Y

e y aso v - ·pig p h h ch

Wit oe am xamle p pog of9 ry

n n d Pf wlk t

pandolfini's endgame course - basic endgame concepts explained by america's leading chess...

Documents